1700732085-PYQ 2023 Solution

(Physics) PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS (JEE MAINS 2023)
Solution
ELECTROSTATICS
1 q1 q2
1. F = (4πε ) 2
(in medium )
0 kd
1 q1 q 2
FAir =
4πε0 d′2
F = FAir
q1 q 2 q1 q 2
2
=
4πε0 kd 4πε0 d′2
d′ = d√k
2.
F qE
a= = = (2 × 1011 )(1.8 × 103 )
m m
= 3.6 × 1014 m/s 2
d
Time to cross plates = V
0.10
t=
3 × 107
1 1 0.01
y = at 2 = (3.6 × 1014 ) ( )
2 2 9 × 1014
= 0.2 × 0.01
= 0.002 m
= 2 mm
3. Potential at centre
(λ ⋅ πR 2 ) (λ ⋅ πR1 )
V= +
4πε0 R 2 4πε0 R1
λ
=
2ε0
1 e
4. 0.5e = 2 mvx2 ⇒ vx = √m
e
Along x L = vx t = √ t
m
eE
Along yy = t
m
APNI KAKSHA 1
vy e
dividing = E√ = Evx
L m
vy
⇒ Tan θ = = E × L = 10 × 0.1 = 1
vx
θ = 45∘
5.
K×10 K×40
EP = − (x =0
22 0 −2)
2
1 2
=
2 x0 − 2
x0 − 2 = 4
x0 = 6 cm
6. Gauss's Law of electrostatic

q
ϕ = ∮ ⃗E ⋅ ds =
ϵ0
−dϕ
Faraday's law ∮ ⃗E ⋅ dl = dt B
⃗ ⋅ dA
Gauss's law of magnetism ∮ B ⃗ =0
Ampere's Maxwell law
dϕE
∮ ⃗B ⋅ dl = μ0 iC + μ0 ∈0
dt
Where iC : Conduction current
dϕE
∈0 : Displacement current
dt
Q/ε0
7. ϕ=
6
q
Flux passing through shaded face = 6ε
0
V2
8. H= ×t
R
V2t
H1
= R2 = 3: 1
H2 V t
3R
APNI KAKSHA 2
9.
q0 4q 0
2
=
x (x + 12)2
x + 12 = 2x
x = 12
10. ⃗ ⋅ ⃗S
ωE = qE
= 2 × 10−2 [30î ⋅ (−î)]

= 2 × 10−2 (−30)
= −60 × 10−2
60
=− = −0.6 J
100
= −600 mJ
APNI KAKSHA 3
CURRENT ELECTRICITY
11. Equivalent resistance of circuit
R eq = 3 + 1 + 2 + 4 + 2 = 12Ω
24
Current through batteryi = = 2A
12
R5 5 2
I4 = ×2= ×2= A
R4 + R5 20 + 5 5
2 8
I5 = 2 − = A
5 5
ℓ
12. R = ρ A, the cross-sectional area is π(b2 − a2 )
ℓ
R=ρ
π(b 2 − a2 )
2.4 × 10−8 × 3.14
=
3.14 × (42 − 22 ) × 10−6
= 2 × 10−3 Ω → n = 2
13.
400 × 100
R eq = + 100 = 180Ω
500
90 1
i= = A
180 2
1 400
Reading = × × 100 = 40volt
2 500
14. As volume is constant,

400
So resistance ∝ ( length )2 ⇒ % change in resistance = 20 + 20 + 100 = 44%
15. I= 2A
ΔV = 3.4 V
Using Ohm's Law
3.4
R= = 1.7Ω
2
APNI KAKSHA 4
ρL
1.7 =
A
1.7(A)
L=
ρ
M = ( density volume )
8.92 × 10−3
Volume = = 10−6
8.92 × 103
1.7 1.7
L2 = (10−6 ) = × 102
ρ 1.7
L = 10 m
16.
Both 4Ω resistance gets short.

Remove the resistors that have no current.
R eq = 3 + (2 ∥ 2) + 6
R eq = 3 + 1 + 6
R eq = 10Ω
17.
ρℓ
R initial = = 5Ω
A
∵ Volume of wire is constant in stretching

Vi = Vf
A i ℓi = A f ℓf
Aℓ = A′ (5ℓ)
A
A′ =
5
ρℓf ρ(5ℓ) ρℓ
Rf = = = 25 ( ) = 25 × 5 = 125Ω
Af A A
( )
5
APNI KAKSHA 5
18.
12 6
−
Eeq = 3 6
1 1
3+6
Eeq = 6 V
req = 2Ω
R = 4Ω
6
So, i = =1A
2+4
19. Sensitivity of potentiometer wire is inversely proportional to potential gradient.
R1 +R2 60 3
20. = 40 = 2 ⇒ R1 + R 2 = 15
10
R1 R 2
Now
(R1 + R 2 ) × 3
40 2
= = ⇒ R1 R 2 = 30
60 3
APNI KAKSHA 6
ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
21. Magnetic field vector will be in the direction of
K̂ × Ê
E K
magnitude of B = C = ω E
1
Or ⃗B = ω (K
⃗ × ⃗E)
ω E0
22. C= =
k B0
23. As, pointing vector

S⃗ = E
⃗ ×H
⃗⃗
Given energy transport = negative z direction
Electric field = positive y direction
(−k̂) = (+ĵ) × [î]
Hence according to vector cross product magnetic field should be positive x direction.
24. Speed of light does not depend on the motion of source as well as intensity.
25. Statement-I is correct as EMW are neutral Statement-II is wrong.
1
E0 = √ B
𝜇0 𝜀0 0
1
28. < uE >=< uB >= 2 < utotal >
⟨uE ⟩ 1
So ⟨u =2
total ⟩
29. When an electromagnetic wave propagates from the source, it transfers energy to the objects in
its path. Electric and magnetic fields serve as energy reservoirs for electromagnetic waves. An
electromagnetic wave contains the same amount of energy as are contained in the electric and
magnetic fields together. In such situation, the energy density of the electromagnetic wave is
equal to the sum of the energies of the electric and magnetic fields.
The average electric and magnetic energy densities are given by
1
UE = ε E2
2 0
1 B2
UB =
2 μ0
APNI KAKSHA 7
30. The bombarding electrons can eject electrons from the inner shells of the atoms of the metal
target. Those vacancies will be quickly filled by electrons dropping from higher levels, emitting
x-rays with sharply defined frequencies associated with the difference between the atomic
energy levels of the target atoms. Hence, X-rays are emitted when a metal target is bombarded
with high energy electrons.
APNI KAKSHA 8
ALTERNATING CURRENT
R
31. Δω = L
ω0 L
Q= = ω0
Δω R
1 1
ω0 = =
√3 × 27 × 10−6 9 × 10−3
L
Q ω0 R L2 1 L2 1 9
= = ω0 2 = √ = × = 10 s
Δω R R LC R2 9 × 10−3 100
L
32. After long time an inductor behaves as a resistance-less path.

So current through cell
12
I= = 3 A{∵ R = 12Ω}
R/3
33. The resonance frequency of LC oscillations circuit is

1
ω0 =
√LC
1 1 ω0
L → 2 L ⇒ C → 8C ⇒ ω = = ⇒ω=
√2 L × 8C 4√LC 4
1
So x =
4
1
34. f = 2π√LC
1
2000 Hz =
2π√L × 62.5 × 10−9
1
L= 2 = 0.1H = 100mH
4π × 2000 × 62.5 × 10−9
2
R R
35. cos ϕ = =
Z √R2 +(XC −XL )2
80 80 8
cos ϕ = ⇒ cos ϕ = ⇒
√(80)2 + (60)2 100 10
36. ϕ = Mi
ϕ = (BA)
μ0 i 2√2μ0 R2
ϕ = πR2 (4 √2) ⇒ M =
4π (L) L
2
APNI KAKSHA 9
37.
220
Irms = = 5.5 A
40
XL is not equal to XC . So rms current in (b) can never be larger than (a).
1
38. 2πfC
= 2πfL
1 1
C= =
4π2 f 2 L 4× π2 × 49 × 106 × 2 × 10−6
1
C= F
3872
x = 3872
39. Ac + Am = 120 ⇒ Ac − Am = 80
∴ Ac = 100 ⇒ Am = 20
20 1
Modulation index = =
100 5
( mod ulation index ) 1
Amplitude of each sideband = Ac = 100 × = 10 volt
2 10
R R R
40. P= ⇒ P1 = = ( as XL = R)
Z R√2
√R2 +X2L
1 R
P1 = ⇒ P2 = = P2 = 1
√2 √R2 + (XL − XL )2
APNI KAKSHA 10
RAY OPTICS
1 1
41. = (1.75 − 1) (− 30)
f1
⇒ f1 = −40 cm
1 1
= (1.75 − 1) ( ) ⇒ f2 = 40 cm
f2 30
Image from L1 will be virtual and on the left of L1 at focal length 40 cm. So the object for L2 will
be 80 cm from L2 which is 2f. Final image is formed at 80 cm from L2 on the right.
So x = 120
42. Based on fact
I μg 2
43. = (μ − 1) (R)
fH2 O H2 O
1 2 1
= ( )=
8 R (4fair )
So, fH2 O = 4fair = 72 cm
So change in focal length = 72 − 18 = 54 cm
1
44. sin c =
√2
∘
c = 45
sin c = μsin θ
1
= √2sin θ
√2
θ = 30∘
Lateral displacement:
x = tsin (i − r)sec r
x = √3sin (45∘ − 30∘ )sec 30∘
2
x = √3(0.26) ( )
√3
x = 0.52 cm
APNI KAKSHA 11
45. Plane mirror forms erect, same sized, laterally inverted and virtual image of real object.
46. f = 10 cm
1 1 1
− =
v u f
1 1 1
− =
15 −u 10
1 1 1
⇒ = −
u 10 15
On solving we get value of u as 30 cm.
2μsin θ
47. P= 1.22λ
1 1 1
48. −u=
V f
P = 2D = 2 m−1
1 2
⇒ = cm−1
f 100
1 1 2
− (− ) =
V 25 100
1 1 1
⇒ = −
V 50 25
⇒ V = −50 cm
1 1 1
49. + =
v u f
−1 1 1
− = , f = −30 cm
120 40 f
Now,
−1 1 1
2
dv − 2 du = − 2 df
v u f
Now,
−1 1 1
2
dv − 2 du = − 2 df
v u f
1
Also dv = du = 20 cm
APNI KAKSHA 12
1 1
20 + 20 = df
(120)2 (40)2 (30)2
On solving
1
df = cm
32
∴k = 32
50. δ1 = δ2 [for no average deviation]

⇒ 6∘ (1.54 − 1) = A(1.72 − 1)
6∘ × 0.54
⇒A=
0.72
∘
18
= = 4.5∘
4
APNI KAKSHA 13
WAVE OPTICS
51.
μa sin i1 = μg sin (90 − i1 )

μg
tan i1 =
μa
When going from glass to air
μa
tan i2 = = cot i1
μg
Hence
π
i2 = − i1
2
52. Given D = 1 m
λ = 600 × 10−9 m
n=5
nλD 5 × 600 × 10−9 × 1
As ynth = ⇒ = 5 × 10−2
d d
5 × 600 × 10−9 × 1
⇒d= = 60 × 10−6 m ⇒ d = 60μm
5 × 10−2
λ
53. A2 P − A1 P = 2 (Condition of minima )
λ
√D2 + a2 − D =
2
1/2
a2 λ 1 a2 λ
D (1 + 2 ) −D= ⇒ D (1 + × 2 ) − D =
D 2 2 D 2
a2 λ
= ⇒ a = √λ. D = √800 × 10−6 × 50
2D 2
a = 0.2 mm
54. By first polaroid P1 intensity will be halved then P2 and P3 will make intensity cos 2 (60∘ ) and
cos2 (30∘ ) times respectively. Intensity out
2
256 1 √3 256 × 3
= × ×( ) = = 24
2 4 2 2×4×4
APNI KAKSHA 14
55. μ1 = √2.8 × 1 = √2.8
μ2 = √6.8 × 1 = √6.8
μ2 6.8
μ1 sin i = μ2 cosi tan i = =√
μ1 2.8
2.8 + 4 1/2 −1
10 1/2
tan i = ( ) i = tan (1 + )
2.8 7
θ=7
56.
Path difference at P be Δx
Δx = (μ2 − μ1 )t = (1.55 − 1.51)0.1 mm = 0.04 × 10−4
ΔxD D
Δx = 4 × 10−6 = 4μm ⇒ y = = 4 × 10−6 d
d
{y is the distance of central maxima from geometric center}

λD D D
fringe width = = 4 × 10−6 m = 4μm
(β) d d d
∴ Central bright fringe spot will shift by ' x '
y 4 × 10−6 D/d
Number of shift = = = 10
β 4 × 10−7 D/d
Δϕ
57. I = 4I0 cos2 ( 2 )
π
I1 = 4I0 cos2 ( ) = 2I0
4
2π I1 + I2
I2 = 4I0 cos2 ( ) = I0 ⇒ =3
3 I0
Io
58. IA = 2
Io Io
IC = cos 2 45 =
2 4
Io
IB = IC cos2 45 =
8
APNI KAKSHA 15
ATOMIC PHYSICS
mass of nuclei
61. density of nuclei = volume of nuclei
1.6 × 10−27 A
ρ=
4 −15 )3 A
3 π(1.5 × 10
1.6 × 10−27
= = 0.113 × 1018
14.14 × 10−45
ρw = 103
ρ
Hence = 11.31 × 1013
ρw
hc 1
62. = [1 − 16] (13.6eV)
λ
So, λ = 94.1 nm
63. ____________n=4
____________n=3
____________n=2
____________n=1
Second excited state → first excited state
n=3→n=2
hc 1 1
= 13.6 ( 2 − 2 ) … … . . (i)
λ0 2 3
Third excited state → second orbit
n=4→n=2
hc 1 1
= 13.6 ( 2 − 2 ) … . . (ii)
(20λ0 /x) 2 4
(ii) ÷ (i)
1 1
x 22 − 42
=
20 1 1
2 − 2
2 3
x = 27
hc
64. λ = ΔE
ΔEA = 2.2eV
ΔEB = 5.2eV
ΔEC = 3eV
APNI KAKSHA 16
ΔED = 10eV
6.62 × 10−34 × 3 × 108
λA =
2.2 × 1.6 × 10−19
12.41 × 10−7
= m
2.2
1241
= nm = 564 nm
2.2
1241
λB = nm = 238.65 nm
5.2
1241
λC = nm = 413.66 nm
3
1241
λD = = 124.1 nm
10
Z
65. Vn ∝ n
1
Z = 1, ∴ Vn ∝
n
V3 7
∴ =
V7 3
7
∴ V3 = V
3 7
7
= × 3.6 × 106 m/s
3
= 8.4 × 106 m/s
1 1 1
66. = Rz 2 [n2 − n2 ]
λ 1 2
1 1 1 8
= Rz 2 [ 2 − 2 ] = Rz 2 … . . (1)
λ1 1 3 9
1 1 1 3
= Rz 2 [ 2 − 2 ] = Rz 2 … . . (2)
λ2 1 2 4
λ2 8 4 32
1/2 ⇒ = × =
λ1 9 3 27
λ1 27
=
λ2 32
= 27
69. B.E of Helium = (2mP + 2mN − mHe )c 2

= 28.4MeV
APNI KAKSHA 17
70. In the ground state energy = −13.6eV
So energy
−13.6eV
= −13.6 + 12.75
n2
−13.6eV
= −0.85
n2
n = √16
n=4
nh 4h 2h
Angular momentum = 2π = 2π = π
2
Angular momentum = π × 4.14 × 10−15
828 × 10−17
= eVs
π
APNI KAKSHA 18
SEMICONDUCTORS
71. Photodiodes are operated in reverse bias as fractional change in current due to light is more easy
to detect in reverse bias.
72. Y = ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅
A1 ⊙ B1 NAND
A1 B1 X
0 0 1
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
73. Theory based
Photodiodes are operated in reverse bias condition. For P-N junction current in forward bias (
for V ≥ V0 ) is always greater than current in reverse bias ( for V ≤ Vz ).
Hence Assertion if false but Reason is true
74. Statement −I is correct

When P-N junction is formed an electric field is generated form N-side to P-side due to which
barrier potential arises & majority charge carrier can not flow through the junction due to
barrier potential so current is zero unless we apply forward bias voltage.
75. LED works in forward biasing and light energy maybe slightly less or equal to band gap.
76.
77. As temperature increases, more electron excite to conduction band and hence conductivity
increases, therefore resistance decreases.
79. Woks as voltage regulator in reverse bias and as simple P − n junction in forward bias.
80. Let's assume that when the path is short, the state is called state 1 and when it is open, the state
is called state 0.
APNI KAKSHA 19
Depending up on whether the path is short or not in the circuit, the following table can be
obtained:
A B Out
1 1 0
1 0 0
0 1 0
0 0 1
The above table is similar to the truth table corresponding to NOR gate. Hence, the circuit
indicates a NOR logic gate.
APNI KAKSHA 20
ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
dϕ BA−0
81. EMF = =
dt t
0.12
A = πr 2 = π ( ) = 0.01
π
B = 0.5
(0.5)(0.01)
EMF = = 0.01 V = 10mV
0.5
82. ∫ dε = ∫ B(ωx)dx
L
BωL2
ε = Bω ∫ xdx =
0 2
83. Induced emf across the ends = Bvℓ

= 2 × 8 × 1 = 16 V
d
84. EMF = dt (Bπr 2 )
dr
= 2 Bπr = 2 × π × 0.1 × 0.8 × 2 × 10−2
dt
= 2π × 1.6 = 10.06 [round off 10.06 = 10]
dI A
85. = −1 sec
dt
dI
VA − IR − L − 12 = VB
dt
VA − 2 × 12 − 6(−1) − 12 = VB
VA − VB = 36 − 6 = 30 volt
86. XL = XC
So, Z = R = 20Ω
APNI KAKSHA 21
220
irms = = 11
20
imax = 11√2 = √242
87. Induced emf is given by Faraday's law

dϕ
|ε| =
dt
where ϕ is the magnetic flux.
The rate of change of flux through a circuit is defined as emf. The formula for flux is ϕ = ⃗B ⋅ ⃗A. In
the statements A & B given in the question, the magnetic flux in the coil in uniform magnetic field
does not change. So, no emf is induced.
But in statement C, the angle between the area vector and the magnetic field continuously
changes hence, an emf is generated. In statement D, the area is changing in unit time so magnetic
flux will change and an emf is generated.
88. The formula to calculate the average electric energy density is given by
1
UE = ε E 2 … (1)
2 0
and, the formula to calculate average magnetic energy density is given by
1 2
UB = B … (2)
2μ0
For any particular electromagnetic wave, both magnetic and electric field are equally involved in
contributing to energy density. Hence, the ratio of average electric energy density to magnetic
energy density is 1.
μ0 i
89. Let the magnetic field of the 200 turns be B1 . The formula of magnetic field is given by B = 2r
Let r = 1000 cm. Thus,

nμ0 × I 200μ0 I
B1 = =
2 × 10 2 × 10
⃗ ⋅ ⃗A) = 10 × B1 πr 2 1
The flux through the coil of radius r1 = 1 cm is ϕ = 10 × (B
200μ0 I
⇒ ϕ = 10 × × π(0.01)2
2 × 10
200μ0
L = 10 × × π(0.01)2
2 × 10
200(4π × 10−7 )
= 10 × × π(0.01)2
2 × 10
= 4 × 10−8 H
APNI KAKSHA 22
90. The formula to calculate the motional emf induced in a moving conductor in a magnetic field is
given by ε = Blv …..(1)
Substitute the values of the known parameters into equation (1) and solve to calculate the
required velocity of the rod.
1m
0.08 V = 0.4 T × (10 cm × )×v
100 cm
0.08 V
⇒v=
1m
0.4 T × 10 cm × 100 cm
= 2 m s −1
APNI KAKSHA 23

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(Physics) PREVIOUS YEAR QUESTIONS (JEE MAINS 2023)

6. Gauss's Law of electrostatic

= 2 × 10−2 [30î ⋅ (−î)]

14. As volume is constant,

Both 4Ω resistance gets short.

∵ Volume of wire is constant in stretching

19. Sensitivity of potentiometer wire is inversely proportional to potential gradient.

23. As, pointing vector

25. Statement-I is correct as EMW are neutral Statement-II is wrong.

32. After long time an inductor behaves as a resistance-less path.

33. The resonance frequency of LC oscillations circuit is

42. Based on fact

50. δ1 = δ2 [for no average deviation]

μa sin i1 = μg sin (90 − i1 )

{y is the distance of central maxima from geometric center}

69. B.E of Helium = (2mP + 2mN − mHe )c 2

74. Statement −I is correct

83. Induced emf across the ends = Bvℓ

87. Induced emf is given by Faraday's law

Let r = 1000 cm. Thus,

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