1 Shi

l
pyAr
oraMJKPSSect
orsoft
heI
ndi
anEconomy(
Chapt
er2Economi
cs)

SECTORSOFTHEI
NDI
ANECONOMY

SECTORSOFECONOMI
CACTI
VITI
ES
PRI
MARYSECTOR
Whenwepr oduceagoodbyexploi
ti
ngnat ural r
esourcesiti
san
activi
tyofpri
marysect
or.Thi
sisbecauseitfor msthebasef oral
l
otherproductst
hatwesubsequentl
ymake.Si ncemostoft he
naturalpr
oductswegetarefr
om agri
cultur
e, dair
y,fi
shing,
forestr
y,t
hissect
orisal
socall
edagricul
tureandr el
atedsector.
SECENDARYSECTOR(
manuf
act
uri
ngsect
or)
Thesecondar ysectorcov ersactiviti
esinwhi chnaturalproducts
arechangedintoot herformst hr
oughway sofmanuf actur
ingthat
weassociatewi thi
ndust ri
alact i
vi
ty .Theproductisnotpr oduced
bynaturebuthast obemadeandt herefor
esomepr ocessof
manufactur
ingi sessential.Thiscoul dbeinaf actory,workshop
orathome.Foreg.Usi ngcot tonfiberf r
om theplant,wespi nyarn
andweav ecloth.
TERTI
ARYSECTOR(
ser
vicesect
or)
Ther eisthir
dcat egoryofacti
vit
iesthathel
pinthedev el
opment
oft heprimaryandsecondar ysectors.Theseacti
vit
iesby
themsel vesdonotpr oduceagoodbutt heyareanai dora
suppor tforthepr oducti
onprocess.Foreg.Goodsthatare
producedi nt hepr i
maryorsecondarysectorwouldneedtobe
transportedbyt r
ucksort rai
nsandt hensoldi
nwhol esal
eand
retailshops.

Q. Howi
ster
ti
arysect
ordi
ff
erentf
rom ot
hersect
ors?
(NCERT
Q9)
Thet
ert
iar
ysect
ori
sdi
ff
erentf
rom ot
hersect
ors.
2 Shi
l
pyAr
oraMJKPSSect
orsoft
heI
ndi
anEconomy(
Chapt
er2Economi
cs)

1.It
sactiv
iti
eshel
pi nt
hedev
elopmentofpr
imar
yand
secondarysect
ors.
2.Theydon’
tproduceagoodbutt
heyar
eanai
dorasuppor
t
fort
heproduct
ionpr
ocess.
3.Foreg.Tr
ansportsystem hel
psintaki
nggoodsfr
om one
pl
acetoanotherforthepurposeofsel
li
ngorstor
ingi
n
godown.
4.Retai
landwholesal
eshops,banksandcommuni cat
ionare
somemai nexamplesoftert
iar
ysect
or.Si
ncetheseacti
vit
ies
gener
ateservi
cesrathert
hangoodstheter
ti
arysectori
s
al
socalledt
heservicesect
or.
5.Teachers,doctor
s,washerman,l
awyers,accountant
scome
underthissector
.Nowaday s,
Int
ernet
, caf
es,tel
ephone
booths,
,callcent
ershaveal
sobecomei mportantinthi
s
sect
or.

COMPARI
NGTHETHREESECTORS
Q. Doyouthi
nktheclassi
fi
cati
onoftheeconomicacti
vi
tiesi
nto
pr
imar
y,secondar
yandt er
ti
aryusef
ul?Expl
ainhow?(NCERT
Q6)
Iti
sveryusef
ult
ocl assi
fyt
heeconomi
cact
ivi
ti
esi
ntopr
imar
y,
secondar
yandtert
iarysect
or.
1.Wecanf
indoutwhati
stheshar
eofeachsect
ori
ntheGDP.
2.Wecanfindoutwhi
chsect
ori
sgr
owi
ngandwhi
chi
slaggi
ng
behi
nd.
3.Wecanf i
ndouthowmanywor
ker
sar
ewor
kingi
ndi
ff
erent
sect
ors.
3 Shi
l
pyAr
oraMJKPSSect
orsoft
heI
ndi
anEconomy(
Chapt
er2Economi
cs)

4.Wecanf
indoutt
hei
nter
-dependenceoft
hesect
ors.
Q. Whydowecountthev
alueoffi
nalgoodsandser
vicest
o
knowt
het
otalpr
oduct
ionineachsector
?
 Theval
ueoffi
nalgoodsal
readyi
ncl
udestheval
ueofal
lthe
i
nter
mediat
egoodsthatar
eusedinmakingthefi
nal
good
(t
oavoi
ddoublecounti
ng)
.
 Thev al
ueofRs60forthebiscui
ts(
fi
nal
good)al
ready
i
ncludestheval
ueoffl
our(Rs10).
 Simi
lar
lyt
heval
ueofal
lot
heri
nter
medi
ategoodswoul
d
havebeeni
ncl
uded.
Theval
ueoffinalgoodsandserv
icesproducedineachsect
or
duri
ngaparti
cularyearpr
ovi
desthetot
alproducti
onofthesect
or
fort
hatyear
.
Q.
Whatdoesthehist
oryofdevel
opedcountr
iesindi
cat
eabout
theshi
ft
sthathavetakenpl
acebetweensectors?
1.I
ntheinit
ial
stages,
thepri
marysect
orwast
hemost
i
mportantsector
.Mostofthepeopl
ewer
eempl
oyedi
nthi
s
(
agri
cult
ural
)sector
.
2.Withthechangesi nthemet hodoff armi ng,thepr oducti
on
i
ncreasedt r
emendousl y.Nowpeopl ecoul ddoot her
acti
vit
iessuchast rading.They ,t
herefore, became
craf
tpersonsandt raders.I
ncr easeinpr oduct i
onofgr ains
andot hert
hingsledt othegr owingneedf ortranspor t
ation
andot herf
acil
it
ies.Butinspi teofthis,att hi
sst age,mostof
thegoodspr oducedwer enaturalproduct sfrom thepr i
mar y
sectorandmostpeopl ewer ealsoempl oyedi nthissector.
3.Wit
hthepassageoft
ime,
machineswereinvent
ed.Factori
es
wer
eestabl
ishedt
omanufact
urevar
iousgoods.Graduall
y,
4 Shi
l
pyAr
oraMJKPSSect
orsoft
heI
ndi
anEconomy(
Chapt
er2Economi
cs)

theindust
ri
eswereest
abli
shedandi ndustri
alsect
or
empl oy
edmor eandmorepeople.Asar esul
tofthese
changes,t
hesecondar
ysectorbecamemor eimportanti
n
tot
al pr
oduct
ionandemployment.Thus,theimportanceof
thesector
shadchanged.
4.Inthepast100y ear
s, t
her
ehasbeenaf urt
hershiftf
rom
secondarytoter
tiar
ysectorindevelopedcountr
ies.The
servi
cesectorhasbecomet hemosti mportantinter
msof
tot
alproducti
on.Mostoft heworkingpeoplearealso
employedintheservicesector
.
5.Atpresent,
tert
iarysect
oremploysthemaximum numberof
people.Sother
ehasbeenashi ftf
rom pri
marysectort
o
secondarysectorandthentot
erti
arysect
ororserv
icesect
or
i
nt hedevel
opedcount r
ies.

PRI
MARY,
SECONDARYANDTERTI
ARYSECTORSI
NINDI
A
Ri
singI
mpor
tanceoft
heTer
ti
arysect
ori
nPr
oduct
ion
Q. Whyi
sthet
ert
iar
ysect
orbecomi
ngsoi
mpor
tanti
nIndi
a?
1.BasicSer vices:I
nanycount ry,severalserv
icessuchas
hospital
s, educati
onal i
nst i
tuti
ons,postandt elegraph
servi
ces, policest
ations,cour t
s,vil
lageadmi ni
st r
ati
ve
offi
ces,muni ci
palcorporations,defence,tr
anspor t,
banks
andinsur ancecompani es,arerequired.Thesecanbe
consideredasbasi cser vices.Inadev elopi
ngcount ry,t
he
governmenthast ot akeresponsi bi
lit
yforthepr ovi
sionof
theseser vices.
2.Devel
opmentofpri
mar yandsecondarysector:The
dev
elopmentofagr
icult
ureandindust
ryleadst othe
dev
elopmentofser
vicessuchast r
ansport
,tradeand
5 Shi
l
pyAr
oraMJKPSSect
orsoft
heI
ndi
anEconomy(
Chapt
er2Economi
cs)

stor
age.Thegr
eaterthedevel
opmentofthepr
imar
yand
secondar
ysect
ors,themorewouldbethedemandforsuch
servi
ces.
3.Riseinincomel evels:Asincomel evelsri
se, cer
tainsecti
ons
ofpeoplestartdemandi ngmanymor eserviceslikeeati
ng
out,tour
ism,shoppi ng,pri
vatehospitals,
privateschoolsand
professi
onaltrai
ningcent ers.Wecanseet hischangequi t
e
sharplyi
nciti
es, especiall
yinbigcit
ies.
4.Riseini
nf or
mat i
ontechnology:Overt
hepastdecadeorso,
cert
ainnewser vi
ces,suchast hosebasedoninf
ormation
andcommuni cat
iontechnologyhavebecomeimportantand
essenti
al.Theproducti
onoft heseser
viceshasbeenri
sing
rapi
dly.
5.Global
izat
ion:
Duetogl
obal
izat
ion,peoplehavebecome
awareofnewservi
cesandacti
vit
ies,andcommuni cat
ion
becauseofwhicht
heter
ti
arysectorhasgainedimportance.

Q. “
Notal
loft
heser
vicesect
ori
sgr
owi
ngequal
l
ywel
l
”.Expl
ain.
 Servi
cesectorinI
ndiaemploy
smanydifferentki
ndsof
people.Atoneendtherear
ealimit
edno.ofservi
cesthat
employhighlyski
l
ledandeducat
edworkers.
 Attheotherend, t
hereareaveryl
argeno.ofworkers
engagedinservicessuchassmallshopkeeper
s,repai
r
persons,
transportpersonset
c.
 Thesepeopl
ebarelymanagetoearnali
vi
ngandyetthey
perf
ormtheseservi
cesbecausenoal
ter
nati
veoppor
tuni
ti
es
forwor
kareavail
abletot
hem.
 Hence,
onl
yapar
koft
hissect
ori
sgr
owi
ngi
nimpor
tance.
6 Shi
l
pyAr
oraMJKPSSect
orsoft
heI
ndi
anEconomy(
Chapt
er2Economi
cs)

Q.
Terti
arysect
orisnotpl
ayi
nganysi
gni
fi
cantrol
einthe
developmentofIndi
aneconomy
.Doyouagree.Gi
ve
reasons.
(NCERT12)
No,Idonotagreewiththestat
ementthatt
ert
iar
ysectori
snot
pl
ayinganysi
gnif
icantrol
einthedev
elopmentofIndi
aneconomy
.
Thereasonsar
easf oll
ows:
1.Overt
hefor
tyyearsbetween1973-
74and2013-14,
the
pr
oducti
onhasincreasedt
hemostint
hetert
iar
ysector
.
2.I
n2011-12,
about27%oft
otal
empl
oymenti
sgener
atedi
n
t
heter
ti
arysect
or.
3.I
nrecentyear
sabout60%oft
heI
ndi
a’
sGDPget
sgener
ated
f
rom t
hissector
.
4.So,weconcl
udethatt
heshar
eoftert
iar
ysect
ori
nthe
dev
elopmentofcount
ryhasi
ncr
eased.

Q.Ser
vicesect
orinIndi
aempl
oyst
wodi
ff
erentki
ndsofpeopl
e.
Whoar et
hese?(NCERT13)
1.Therearehi
ghl
yeducat
edandski
l
ledwor
ker
ssuchas
teacher
sanddoct
ors.
2.Ontheotherhand,alar
geno.ofwor ker
sar eengagedsuch
assmallshopkeeper
s,repai
rper
sonset c.whobar el
y
managetoear nali
vi
ng.Theyperfor
mt heirser
vices
becausetheydonothav eanyot
herworkt odo.
Q.
Whydidn’
tshif
toutofprimarysect
orhappeni
ncaseof
employmental
thoughtherehasbeenachangeint
hest
ateof
thr
eesector
sinGDP?
I
tisbecausenotenoughj
obswer
ecr
eat
edi
nthesecondar
y
7 Shi
l
pyAr
oraMJKPSSect
orsoft
heI
ndi
anEconomy(
Chapt
er2Economi
cs)

andt
ert
iar
ysect
ors.
 Eventhoughi
ndustri
aloutputort
heproduct
ionofgoods
wentupbymor ethan9t i
mesduringt
heperiod(2011-
12)
,
employmenti
ntheindustrywentuparound3times.
 Thesameappli
estotert
iar
ysectoraswell
.Whi
leproduct
ion
i
ntheserv
icesect
orrosebymoret han14ti
mes,
employ
mentintheservi
cesect
orrosearound5ti
mes.
OpenUnempl
oyment
:(
NCERT11)
I
timpli
esasit
uati
onwhenaper
soni
sunabl
etof
indany
gai
nfulwor
korjob.
 Thepersonisabl
eandwill
i
ngtowor
kbutdoesnotf
indany
gai
nful
wor k.Hedoesnot
hing.
I
nt hi
scaseifanyoneisremovedfr
om amongtheemployed
people,
theproduct
ionsuff
ersduetoshor
tageofwor
kers.
Di
sgui
sedUnempl
oyment
:(NCERT11,
10)
Iti
sasit
uat
ioninwhichmor
epeopl
ear
eengagedi
nan
acti
vi
tyt
hanrequi
red.
 Apersongetsworkandareact
uall
yengagedinsuchan
act
ivi
tythatheappear
stobeemployedbutheisnotful
l
y
employed.Hedoesnotworkuptohisful
lcapaci
ty.
I
nsuchcasesther
earesur
plusworker
sandiftheyar
e
r
emovedfrom wor
k,pr
oduct
iondosnotsuf
fer.
Example(ruralareas)-Thistypeofunemploymentisgenerall
y
foundinagricult
uralsector.Afamilyof9peoplehavean
agri
cul
turalplotwher eallofthem f
indwork.I
f4oft hem ar
e
removedther eisnor educti
oni nt
heproducti
on.Thesepeoplear
e
unemployeddi sguisedly
.
8 Shi
l
pyAr
oraMJKPSSect
orsoft
heI
ndi
anEconomy(
Chapt
er2Economi
cs)

Exampl
e(ur
banareas)-Thi
sty
peofunemploymenti
sal
soseeni
n
thef
amil
yengagedinshopsorsmal
lbusi
ness.
Q.
Explai
nthewaystocreat
emor
eempl
oymenti
nther
ural
areas/
agri
cul
tur
alsector
.
1.Loansshouldbeprovi
dedt osmallf
armersbythe
governmentorbankstohavemor eir
ri
gati
onfaci
l
iti
esl
i
ke
well
sandt ubewell
sinordertoenabl
ethem t
ogrowa
secondcrop.
2.Newdamsandcanal
sshoul
dbeconstr
uct
ed,
thi
swi
l
llead
t
omoreemploy
mentinther
ural
sect
or.
3.Tr
anspor
tat
ionandst
oragefaci
l
iti
esmustbei
mpr
ovedt
o
pr
ovi
deservi
cesli
ket
ranspor
tandtrade.
4.Banksshoul
dpr ov
ideagr
icul
tur
alcr
edi
ttot
hef
armer
sto
i
mpr ov
efarming.
5.School
sshoul
dbeopenedi
nrural
areas.Thi
swoul
dpr
ovi
de
j
obsto20lacpeopl
eint
heeducat
ionsector
.
6.Heal
thser
vicesshouldbeimprovedi
nrural
areas.Thi
swi
l
l
cr
eat
ejobsf ornur
ses,doct
orsandst
aff.

Q. I
nwhatway
scanempl
oymentbei
ncr
easedi
nur
banar
eas?
1.Labourint
ensi
vet
echni
quesofpr
oduct
ionshoul
dbe
adopted.
2.Cot
tageandsmal
lscal
eindust
ri
esshoul
dbeencour
aged.
3.Educat
ional
syst
em shoul
dbeempl
oymentor
ient
ed.
4.Governmentshoul
dencourageselfempl
oyment
,pr
ovi
ding
cr
editfaci
l
iti
esandtr
aini
ngfaci
li
ti
es.
9 Shi
l
pyAr
oraMJKPSSect
orsoft
heI
ndi
anEconomy(
Chapt
er2Economi
cs)

5.Jobsinthedif
fer
entf
iel
dsl
iket
our
ism,
inf
ormat
ion
technol
ogyshoul
dbecreat
ed.
Q. Expl
aint
heobj
ect
iveofi
mpl
ement
ingt
heMNREGA2005.
(17)
1.Thecentr
algov
ernmenti
nIndi
amadeal awimplement
ing
ther
ightt
oworkinabout625di
str
ict
sofIndi
a.I
tiscal
l
ed
MAHATMAGANDHIEMPLOYMENTGUARANTEEACT2005.
2.Underthi
s,all
thosewhoar eabl
etoandarei
nneedofwor
k
i
nr ur
alareasareguar
anteed100daysofemploy
menti
na
yearbythegovernment.
3.I
fthegover
nmentf
ail
sini
tsdut
ytoprovi
deemploy
ment
,it
wi
llgi
veunempl
oymental
l
owancestothepeopl
e.

DI
VISI
ONOFSECTORSASORGANI
SEDANDUNORGANI
SED
ORGANI
SEDSECTOR UNORGANI
SEDSECTOR
1.Wor
ker
shav
ejobsecur
it
y. 1.Worker
sdonothav
ejob
secur
it
y.
2.Wor
ker
sgetdai
l
ywages.
2.Worker
sgetr
egul
armont
hly
sal
ary
.
3.Rulesandregul
ati
onar
e 3.Rulesandregul
ati
onsar
enot
fol
lowedhere. fol
lowedhere.

4.Wor kersgetbenefi
tsl
i
kePF, 4.Worker
sdonotgetsuch
paidleaves,medical
benefi
ts, benef
it
s.
etc.

5.
Wor
kinghour
sar
enotf
ixed
10 Shi
l
pyAr
oraMJKPSSect
orsoft
heI
ndi
anEconomy(
Chapt
er2Economi
cs)

5.Wor
kinghour
sar
efi
xed. here.Someti
mes,
workerswor
k
for10-12hour
sst
rai
ght.
6.Wor
kingcondi
ti
onsar
enot
fav
our
able.
6.Wor
kingcondi
ti
onsar
e
fav
our
able.
7.Therearenoformal
processesandprocedur
es.
7.Iti
scalledtheorganized
sectorbecauseithassome
for
mal processandpr ocedur
es.

Q.
Worker
sar
eexpl
oit
edi ntheunorgani
zedsect
or.Doyouagree
wit
hthi
svi
ew?Gi
ver easonsinsupportofy
ouranswer.
(14)
1.Therei
snofi
xednumberofworki
nghour
s.Theworker
s
normal
lywor
k10-12hour
swit
houtpai
dovert
ime.
2.Theydonotgetot
heral
l
owancesapar
tfr
om t
hedai
l
ywages.
3.Gover
nmentr
ulesandregul
ati
onst
opr
otectt
hel
abour
ers
ar
enotfol
l
owedt her
e.
4.Ther
eisnoj
obsecur
it
y.
5.Jobsarelowpaid.Theworker
sinthi
ssect
orar
egener
all
y
i
gnorantandunorgani
zed.Sotheyar
enoti
naposi
ti
onto
bargai
norsecur
egoodwages.
Q.
Whatst
epsshoul
dbet akenbyt
hegov
ernmentt
opr
otect
wor
kersi
ntheunorgani
zedsect
or?
1.Smallf
armer
swhocompri
se80%oftherur
alhouseholds
shoul
dbesuppor
tedi
npr
ocur
ingseeds,
agri
cul
turali
nputs,
11 Shi
l
pyAr
oraMJKPSSect
orsoft
heI
ndi
anEconomy(
Chapt
er2Economi
cs)

cr
edi
t,st
oragef
aci
l
iti
esandmar
ket
ingout
let
s.
2.I
nurbanar
eas,
gover
nmentshoul
dhelpsmall
scal
e
i
ndust
ri
esi
ngetti
ngr
awmat er
ial
sandmarket
ingofgoods.
3.Theint
erest
soft
hecasualworker
sinr
ural
aswel
lasur
ban
areasmustbepr
otect
edbylaw.
4.Thegov
ernmentshoul
dt akest
epstoensur
eequal
tr
eat
mentforal
lpar
ti
cularl
ylowcast
e.
5.Mi
nimum wagesactshoul
dbeenf
orcedst
ri
ctl
y.
SECTORSINTERMSOFOWNERSHI
P:PUBLI
CANDPRI
VATE
SECTORS
PUBLI
C SECTOR PRI
VATESECTOR
1.I
tiscontr
oll
edandmanaged 1.I
tiscont
rol
l
edandmanaged
bythegovernment
. byanindi
vi
dualoragr
oup.
2.Themai
nmoti
veofthi
s 2.Themainaim oft
hissect
ori
s
sect
ori
spubl
i
cwelf
are. toear
nprofi
ts.
3.Thedecisi
onsregardi
ng 3.Thedecisi
onsregar
ding
product
ionanddistr
ibut
ionar
e product
ionanddi
stri
buti
onar
e
takenbythegovernment. takenbyownersandmanager
ofthecompany.
4.Thissect
orpr
ovides
4.Thissect
orprovi
desbasic
consumergoodstothepeopl
e.
faci
l
iti
esli
kehealt
h,educat
ion,
foodandsecuri
tytothepeople.
5.Examples-I
ndi
anRai
l
way
s, 5.Exampl
es-TI
SCOand
postoff
ice. Reli
anceI
ndust
ri
es.
12 Shi
l
pyAr
oraMJKPSSect
orsoft
heI
ndi
anEconomy(
Chapt
er2Economi
cs)

Q.
Explainhowpubl
icsectorcont
ri
but
est
otheeconomi
c
developmentofanati
on?(21)
1.Itpr
omotesrapi
deconomicdevel
opmentt
hroughcr
eat
ion
andexpansi
onofinf
rast
ruct
ure.
2.I
tcr
eat
esempl
oyment
.
3.I
tgener
atesf
inanci
alr
esour
cesf
ordev
elopment
.
4.I
tisensuri
ngequal
it
yofi
ncome,
weal
thandt
hus,
abal
anced
r
egionaldevel
opment
.
5.I
tencouragesdev
elopmentofsmal
l
,medi
um andcot
tage
i
ndustr
ies.
6.I
tensur
eseasyav
ail
abi
l
ityofgoodsatmoder
ater
ates.
7.I
tcontr
ibut
est
ocommunitydevel
opmenti.
e.t
ot heHuman
Devel
opmentI
ndexv
iaheal
thandeducat
ionalserv
ices.
Q.
Giveafewexamplesofpubli
csectoracti
vi
ti
esandexpl
ainwhy
thegov
ernmenthastakenthem up?(20)
Someoft hepubl
icsectoracti
vi
tiesarerai
l
ways,postalser
vices,
i
rrigat
ionf
aci
li
ti
es,roads,const
ructi
onofharboursanddams.The
Gov er
nmenthastakenupt heactiv
iti
esduetothefol
lowing
reasons:
1.Themoder nstat
eisawel f
arest
ate,
whichl
ooksaft
erthe
i
nterest
softhepeople.Thegovt
.rai
sesmoneythr
ough
taxesandotherwaysandspendsonpubli
csect
oracti
vit
ies
forthei
rwelf
are.
2.Theexpenditur
eont heacti
vi
tiessuchasrail
waysandpost
al
servi
cesisveryhugeandcannotbei ncurr
edbypr i
vat
e
sector
.Iti
sbey ondt
heircapacit
y,sothegovt.t
akesup
theseacti
vi
ti
es.
13 Shi
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heI
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Chapt
er2Economi
cs)

3.Thegovt.pr
ovidesfaci
l
iti
est
othepeopl
eatanomi
nal
cost
wit
houtanyprofit
.
4.Govt
.providesacti
vi
tiesl
i
keeducat
ionbecauseitist
he
pr
imaryresponsibi
l
ityoft
hestat
etoremoveill
i
teracy
.
5.I
nmoder nage, t
hegovt.usedtopayatt
enti
ontoaspectsof
humandev elopmentsuchasavail
abi
li
tyofsaf
edri
nking
water
,housingfaci
li
ti
esforthepoorandfoodandnutri
ti
on.
Q.
Foreachofthesect
orsthatwecameacrossi
nthi
schapter
whyshouldonefocusonempl oy
mentandGDP?Couldther
e
beotheri
ssueswhichshouldbeexami
ned?Di
scuss.
(7)
Whilestudyi
ngaboutthedif
ferentsect
orswefocuson
employmentinthesesector
sandGDPt oknowthesizeand
condit
ionoftheeconomyoft hecountr
y.Weknowt heno.of
peopleemployedindif
fer
entsectorsandthecont
ri
buti
onofthat
sect
ort otheeconomy.Sectorscanbecomparedonlyint
ermsof
employmentandt hei
rcontr
ibuti
ontotheGDPofacount r
y.
Focusshoul
dbelai
donotherissuessuchascondi
ti
onofwor
k,
prof
itmoti
ve,
eff
ici
ency
,publ
icwelfar
eetc.
 Condi
ti
onsofwor
kshoul
dbei
nthef
avourofwor
ker
s.
 Condi
ti
onsofwor
kshoul
dbei
nthef
avourofwor
ker
s.
 Theempl
oymentshoul
dber
egularandtheempl
oyershoul
d
fol
l
owvar
iousl
awssuchasfact
oryAct,
mi ni
mum waged
Act.
 Theproduct
ionmustbef orthewelf
areofthepeoplewho
shoul
dnotbeexploit
edbyr aisi
ngpr
icesorcreat
ingscar
cit
y
ofgoodsinthemarket.
Q.Thewor
ker
sint
heunor
gani
zedsect
orneedpr
otect
ionont
he
14 Shi
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orsoft
heI
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anEconomy(
Chapt
er2Economi
cs)

f
oll
owi
ngi
ssues:
(22)
Wages:Theworkersi
nt heunorgani
zedsectordon’tgetmini
mum
wagefi
xedbythegov t
.Theyarenotpaidanyallowancesandt hey
ar
epaidonlywages.Theyarenotpaidfortheextr
at i
met hey
worki
nthefact
ory.Theydon’tgetanyleav
eorpai dholi
day.
Safety:Nosafet
ymeasuresaretakenint
hefactori
esfort
he
protecti
onoftheworker
s.Thisr
esult
sininj
uri
esordeathof
l
abour ersi
nthefact
ory,
incaseoffir
eanyotheracci
dent.
Healt
h:Thewor kersintheunorganizedsectorarenotprovided
anymedicalf
aciliti
es.Whenevertheyfal
lil
lorgetinjur
ed,theyget
themselv
estreatedbypr i
vatedoctorsbypay i
ngforthetreatment
.
Sometimes,t
hewor kingcondi
ti
onsar enothygieni
c.Theyar enot
paidanymedical al
lowancestoo.Lackofmedi calfaci
li
ti
esaf f
ect
thei
rhealt
handef f
ici
encybadl
y.