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4 VOCABULARY EXTRA

ADVANCED UNIT 4 Lexical chunks

4.1 Crime collocations

3 Underline the correct alternatives.
1 The public should have faith in the criminal/crime
1 Complete the sentences with one word. justice system.
The first letter of each word is given. 2 There’s huge public demand to bring/have the killers to
justice.
1 The police have conducted a drugs
r at a nightclub and arrested 3 The crowds outside the courthouse are demonstrating/
ten people. demanding justice.
2 The lawyer thinks he has the evidence to 4 It’s imperative/vicinity that the police are fair and honest.
p his client’s innocence. 5 It’s the role of the police and the judge to uphold/hold up
3 The judge gave the man a two-year prison justice.
sentence, but then s it for 6 In some areas, gangs practise rough/tough justice rather
two years. than go to the police.
4 The three men were determined to 7 It’s in/up to the public to protect themselves online with
c out the burglary. complex passwords.
5 No wonder Lee’s been convicted of a 8 We must never allow criminals to leave/escape justice.
driving o . He’s always
speeding. 4.2 Social issues
6 The two women went to the police to
report a c . 4 Put the letters in italics in the correct order to complete
7 The judge asked for the woman’s the sentences. Tick the statements you agree with.
p conviction to be taken 1 It’s the duty of first-world countries to aid in the
into account. comeicon deepmelontv of
8 The prisoner was determined to poorer nations.
a against her sentence. 2 We need to increase
mannerviolent aswanseer if we are to help sustain the
2 Match a beginning in A with a word in B and
planet.
an ending in C to make sentences.
3 There needs to be a revision of
dlihc arublo laws in some countries to
A B C
protect young people.
custody on 4 alllegi aimgintimor can
1 Rioters went for
suspicion of theft. result in reduced work for local workers.
2 A new suspect is the rampage 5 defmore of hceeps should
in mean we can say what we like, but without offending others.
helping police through the city.
6 Within the EU, companies benefit from
3 A new antisocial refe etdar between countries.
behaviour law at their inquiries.
7 Laws that restrict nug
comes
lortnoc are effective in reducing crime.
4 Andrei was given 8 clapati ninethumps is not
points on his into assault. an effective deterrent to serious crime.
licence
5 Three suspects
5 Find and correct the mistake in each sentence.
on public safety. 1 Ageist can affect the working lives of older people.
are being held
2 Even in some wealthier countries, poor remains a
6 A woman involved problem for many people.
force at midnight
in a fight has been to 3 Police usually use technology to trace white-sleeve crime.
tonight.
charged
4 Missocial behaviour can prevent people from enjoying
7 The increase in their environment.
speeding on the
phone muggings is with 5 The government does not enforce censorment on the media.
motorway.
posing a threat 6 Organisation crime is responsible for much of the black
8 Water cannons the crowd of market.
with 7 Sex inequality means there are still fewer women in top jobs.
were fired angry protestors.
8 Literate still exists in developed countries although in
1 Rioters went on the rampage through the city. very small numbers.

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4 VOCABULARY EXTRA

4.3 Decisions 8 Complete the spidergram with the

phrases from Exercise 7.
6 Complete the text with the words in the box.
Phrasal verbs Phrases
assess bear cons consideration dilemma drawbacks 1 8
predicament through 2 9

When faced with a 1 , the best thing to do is to 3 10

2
the situation as carefully as possible. Write a list of 4 11
possible solutions and think each one 3 carefully. You 5 12
can do this by weighing up the pros and 4 of each
6
one. 5 in mind that there might be other people
involved and try to think about the situation from their perspective 7

too. Once you’ve taken the benefits and 6 of each

solution into 7 , you should be better able to make
the right choice. Talk it over with someone else if it helps. When
you’re in a 8 it can feel as if you’re alone, but
speaking to someone else can help you to make the right decision.
come
Focus on come
7 Match the underlined phrases with their meanings a)–n). Which 9 Complete the sentences with the
two phrases have two different meanings? correct form of phrasal verbs and
1 Singing comes easily to me. I guess I was born with a phrases from Exercise 8.
good voice. 1 I won’t be able to get to the
2 I don’t know what’s come over you today. You’ve never this silly! restaurant for 7a.m., but I might
3 The wedding took months to organise so we were pleased later.
when it all came off without a problem. 2 you didn’t go for a
4 You failed your test? How come? run today? Are you tired?
5 I came across a really interesting article this morning. 3 Millie sometimes as
6 Sheena thinks she’s coming down with flu. rude, but she’s just very shy.
7 What time shall we come along for dinner tonight? 4 We need ideas for our day trip.
8 Doctors have come under pressure for prescribing too many If something , let
antibiotics. me know.
9 An issue’s come up with the library. It seems not everyone’s 5 A feeling of sadness
been given access. all of us when we heard the news.
10 When the opportunity to work in Australia came up, Jason said 6 An opening for a new shop
yes immediately. assistant has at the
local supermarket.
11 I’ve tried to think of a few ideas for the party, but nothing’s
come to mind yet. 7 I a really interesting
book today. You might want to read it.
12 Daoud came first in the 100 metres at school yesterday. We
were so proud. 8 Becca entered a poetry
competition and !
13 When it comes to gardening, Laurence knows a thing or two.
She’ll be published now.
14 Don’t you think that Kellie sometimes comes across as a
9 A problem’s that
bit arrogant?
could affect us all today.
a) why? (informal) h) arrive 10 music, Gregor has
b) seems i) on the subject of terrible taste.
c) be the most important/win j) happen successfully 11 Miki has a lot of
d) start feeling ill k) arise (a problem) stress since she started her new job.
e) not be difficult l) find by chance 12 Being creative to
Teresa, but I find it very hard.
f) become available m) occurred to me
(an opportunity) 13 The presentation
n) affect (a feeling)
without any problems, even though
g) experience something
we weren’t very well-prepared.
unpleasant
14 I think I’m with a
cold. I can’t stop sneezing.

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4 VOCABULARY EXTRA

Crossword
10 Use the clues to complete the crossword with words and phrases from Unit 4.
1 2 3 4

7 8 9 10

11 12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

Across Down
1 disadvantage (8) 2 do something which is against the law (6, 1, 5)
5 consider something (4, 2, 4) 3 a crime related to illegal substances (4-7, 7)
7 creative ideas or designs which belong to an 4 being found guilty of a crime you didn’t commit (8, 10)
individual (12, 8) 6 the practice of removing items that are considered to
13 argue that you did nothing wrong (7, 4, 9) be offensive or harmful from books, films, etc. (10)
14 rights to freedom as long as others are not 8 surprise visit by the police very early in the
negatively affected (5, 9) morning (4, 4)
15 basic rights that everyone should be treated 9 make sure that the law is applied effectively (6, 7)
fairly and equally (5, 6) 10 a problem that involves a difficult decision (7)
16 situation where very young people work (5, 6) 11 the right to choose which God to believe in (9, 7)
17 laws which reduce the use of firearms (3, 7) 12 make an official attempt to find out the truth, e.g.
18 allow a criminal to visit an officer regularly about a crime (4, 2, 13)
rather than go to prison, provided they don’t
commit another crime (3, 2, 9)
19 the inability to read or write (10)
20 a type of (1, 4, 2)

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VOCABULARY EXTRA

UNIT 3 10 5
1 bustling 2 pre-date 3 gaudy 4 airy 1 Ageism
1 5 dreary 6 unspoilt 7 vast 8 secluded 2 poverty (not poor)
1 tranquil 2 magnificent 3 deserted 9 cooperate 10 minimise 11 outlast 3 white-collar crime
4 bustling 5 picturesque 6 unspoilt 12 overrated 13 uninhabitable 4 Antisocial behaviour
7 ancient 8 run-down 14 nondescript 15 tranquil 5 censorship
16 congestion 17 bicentenary 6 Organised crime
2 18 subzero 19 sprawling 7 Gender inequality
1 shady 2 chilly 3 gloomy/dreary 20 superpower 8 Illiteracy
4 airy 5 poky 6 roomy
7 dreary/gloomy H U N S P O I L T J P D F Q F E H B T K 6
C S U P E R P O W E R T O F Y A O M Y T
1 dilemma (also possible: predicament)
3 I
X
N
B
S
P
D
E
O
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S
L
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Z
J
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P
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K W N
I N I
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P
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Q
S
K
E
Q
D
A
H
A
J
E 2 assess 3 through 4 cons 5 Bear
1 sprawling 2 quaint 3 overpopulated R A R Q O F Y R L Y T T R A N Q U I L T 6 drawbacks 7 consideration
Q V A K P I R C X T P J G Q F J O R N O
4 vast 5 scenic 6 secluded S M W E H M A U K D R E A R Y D U Y G U
8 predicament
7 awe-inspiring 8 ramshackle D D L D U B U S T L I N G A W V Q N G T
Q L I S U B Z E R O T U C K U A S U O L 7
4 I
A
P
V
N
G
C
V
Y
I
P
R
R
H
E
S
D
C
A
U
T
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Z
E
A
B
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P
I
D
M
Y
T
Z
V
E
A
S 1e 2n 3j 4a 5l 6d 7h 8g
1 irreplaceable 2 misbehaviour S A N T I E S T A B L I S H M E N T R T 9 k 10 f 11 m 12 c 13 i 14 b
T S M N O N C O N F O R M I T Y K A E G
3 correct 4 anti-war/overstatement K T B K I G A U D Y Y Q F L Q P Z U X G Come up and come across have two
5 degenerate 6 correct 7 proactive C C H O S R W Y F M H Y C Q C J B S P N meanings.
8 correct 9 immortalised P J F S B I C E N T E N A R Y W V W O V

5
H
R
V
C
Y
O
S
N
E
G
C
E
O
S
O
T
P
I
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O
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N
A
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F
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A
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H
K
S
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E
J
M 8
O M Q H W F P C V V L A M D M O F A D A
1–7:
1 sub 2 mini 3 super 4 inter 5 semi F R S I S E C L U D E D F Q H U Q Z C R
come over, come off, come across,
6 out 7 co 8 bi come down with, come along, come under,
come up, come across
6 UNIT 4 8–12:
1 amenities 2 infrastructure
come easily, How come?, come to mind,
3 congestion 4 tolls 5 abandonment 1 come first, When it comes to
6 regeneration 1 raid 2 prove 3 suspended 4 carry
7 5 offence 6 crime 7 previous 9
8 appeal 1 come along 2 How come
attractive, descript, exposed, managed,
3 comes across 4 comes to mind
possible 2 5 came over 6 come up 7 came across
2 A new suspect is helping police with
8 their inquiries.
8 came first 9 come up
10 When it comes to 11 come under
1–3: 3 A new antisocial behaviour law comes
inability, inaccuracy, injustice 12 comes easily 13 came off
into force at midnight tonight. 14 coming down
4–10: 4 Andrei was given points on his licence
inadequate, incapable, inedible, inefficient, for speeding on the motorway. 10
insecure, insufficient, invaluable 5 Three suspects are being held in Across
11–14: custody on suspicion of the. 1 drawback
inappropriately, informally, insensitively, 6 A woman involved in a fight has been 5 bear in mind
insignificantly charged with assault. 7 intellectual property
Invaluable does not mean that something 7 The increase in phone muggings is 13 protest your innocence
is not valuable, it means that it is very posing a threat to public safety. 14 civil liberties
valuable. 8 Water cannons were fired at the crowd 15 human rights
of angry protestors. 16 child labour
9 3 17 gun control
1 insufficient/inadequate 18 put on probation
2 inaccuracies 1 criminal 2 bring 3 demanding 19 illiteracy
3 formally 4 imperative 5 uphold 6 rough 20 a kind of
4 sensitively 7 up 8 escape Down
5 inedible 2 commit a crime
6 inability
4 3 drug-related offence
7 significantly 1 economic development
4 wrongful conviction
8 adequate/sufficient 2 environmental awareness
6 censorship
9 invaluable 3 child labour
8 dawn raid
10 injustices 4 Illegal immigration
9 uphold justice
11 secure 5 Freedom, speech
10 dilemma
12 inappropriately 6 free trade
11 religious freedom
13 inefficient 7 gun control
12 hold an investigation
14 incapable 8 Capital punishment

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