Physical Sciences p2 Pre-Midyear Examination Grade 12 2024-1

Confidential Information - This is for official consumption
NATIONAL
SENIOR CERTIFICATE
GRADE 12
PHYSICAL SCIENCES
CHEMISTRY (P2)
PRE-MIDYEAR EXAMINATION
6 MAY 2024
MARKS: 150
TIME: 3 hours
This question paper consists of 17 pages including data sheets

PHYSICAL SCIENCES/P2 CAPRICORN NORTH PRE-MID YEAR EXAM 2024
INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. Write your name and class (e.g. 12A) in the appropriate spaces on the ANSWER
BOOK.
2. This question paper consists of 7 questions.
3. Answer ALL the questions in the ANSWER BOOK.
4. Start EACH question on a NEW page in the ANSWER BOOK.
5. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
question paper.
6. Leave ONE line between two sub-questions, e.g. between QUESTION 2.1 and
QUESTION 2.2.
7. You may use a non-programmable calculator.
8. You may use appropriate mathematical instruments.
9. You are advised to use the attached DATA SHEETS.
10. Show ALL formulae and substitutions in ALL calculations.
11. Round off your final numerical answers to a minimum of TWO decimal places.
12. Give brief motivations, discussions, etc. where required.
13. Write neatly and legibly.
1
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QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.

Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question number
(1.1–1.10) in the ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.11 D.
1.1. Which ONE of the following is the general formula of alkynes?
A CnH2n
B C2nH2n
C CnH2n - 2
D CnH2n + 2 (2)
1.2. The type of reaction that takes place when a carboxylic acid and an alcohol
react in the presence of an acid:
A Addition
B Hydrolysis
C Substitution
D Esterification (2)
1.3. Which ONE of the following isomers has the LOWEST boiling point?
A CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH3
B CH3CH2C(CH3)2CH3
C CH3CH(CH3)CH2CH2CH3
D CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH2CH3 (2)
1.4. Which ONE of the following will NOT affect the equilibrium position of
reversible chemical reactions?
A Temperature
B Catalyst
C Pressure
D Concentration (2)
2
1.5. The energy distribution curves for a fixed mass of gas at two different
temperatures, T1 and T2, are shown below:
Which ONE of the following is the correct interpretation of the curves for the change
in temperature from T1 to T2?
Activation energy Number of effective collisions

A Stays the same Increased
B Decreased Decreased
C Decreased Increased
D Stays the same Decreased
(2)
1.6. The graph below represents the change in concentration of a reactant against
time for a chemical reaction.
3
In which ONE of the following graphs does the dotted line show the effect of a catalyst
on this reactant?
1.7. Which ONE of the following statements is correct for a chemical reaction at
equilibrium?
A. The concentration of reactants and products remains constant.
B. The concentration of reactants is equal to the concentration of products.
C. The reaction has stopped.
D. The number of moles of reactants is equal to the number of moles of products.
(2)
4
1.8 . The following reversible reaction reaches equilibrium in a closed container:
H2(g) + l2(g) ↔ 2Hl(g) AH < 0
The equilibrium was first established after 5 minutes. (The broken line on the graph
represents the reverse reaction.)
What possible change could have been made to the reaction conditions at t = 10
minutes?
A. The concentration of H2 increases
B. The temperature was increased
C. The temperature was decreased
D. The external pressure on the reaction mixture was increased. (2)
1.9. Consider the reaction represented by the balanced equation below.

H3PO4(aq) + H2O(ℓ) ⇌ H3O+(aq) + H2PO4-(aq)
Which ONE of the following is a conjugate acid-base pair?
A. H3O+(aq) and H2O(ℓ)

B. H3O+(aq) and H2PO4-(aq)
C. H3PO4(aq) and H2O(ℓ)
D. H3PO4(aq) and H3O+(aq) (2)
5
1.10. Consider beakers A and B as illustrated below.
Figure 1: 200cm3 of Figure 2: 150cm3 of

0,25mol.dm3NaOH (aq) conical flask A 0,1mol.dm3NaOH (aq) conical flask B
20 cm3 of the NaOH (aq) solution in beaker A is added to the NaOH (aq) solution in
beaker B. Which of the following represents the correct calculation for the new
concentration of Na+ (aq) ions in beaker B?
0,015 + 0,005
A. 0,17
0,015 + 0,05
B.
0,17
0,015 + 0,005
C. 0,15
0,0015 + 0,005
D. 0,15
(2)
[20]
6
QUESTION 2 (Start on a new page.)
Study the table below and answer the questions that follow.
A B
C O D CH3(CH2)4CHCH2
ǁ
CH3 – C – CH2 – CH3
F CXHYOZ E
2.1 . Define the term unsaturated hydrocarbon. (2)

2.2 . Write down the:
2.2.1. Letter that represents an UNSATURATED hydrocarbon (1)
2.2.2. IUPAC name of compound A (3)
2.2.3. IUPAC name of the POSITIONAL isomer of compound B (2)
2.2.4. IUPAC name of compound D (2)
2.2.5. Balanced equation, using MOLECULAR FORMULAE, for the
complete combustion of compound A (3)
2.2.6. IUPAC name of compound E (3)
2.2.7. IUPAC name of ISOMER of compound E (2)
2.3 . The formula C4H8O represents two compounds that are functional isomers of
each other.
2.3.1. Define the term functional isomer. (2)
2.3.2. Write down the STRUCTURAL FORMULAE of each of these two
FUNCTIONAL isomers. (4)
2.4 . A 2 g sample of compound E contains 1,09 g carbon and 0,18 g hydrogen.
The molecular mass of compound E is 88 g∙mol-1.
Determine the molecular formula of compound E by means of a calculation. (6)

[30]
7
3.1. The vapour pressures of two organic compounds at a specific temperature are
compared.
COMPOUND MOLARMASS (g.mol-1 )

A PENTANE 72.151 g.mol-1
B METHYLBUTANE 72.151 mol-1
3.1.1. Define the term vapour pressure. (2)
3.1.2. Which ONE of the two compounds has the highest vapour pressure?
Write down only A or B. (1)
3.1.3. Fully explain the answer to QUESTION 3.1.2 (3)
3.1.4. Give a reason why the above comparison can be considered fair. (2)
3.2. The compounds propan-1-ol and propanone are compared. Which compound
has a higher boiling point? Fully explain the answer. (4)
3.3. The table below shows the results of an investigation regarding the melting
points of organic molecules
ORGANIC COMPOUND ORGANIC STRUCTURE BOILING POINT 0C

2.2- dimethyl butane CH3 500 C
Ɩ
CH3 – C – CH2CH3
Ɩ
CH3
2.3- dimethyl butane 580 C
CH3
Ɩ
CH3 – C – CHCH3
Ɩ Ɩ
H CH3
3-methylpentane 630 C
H CH3 H
Ɩ Ɩ Ɩ
CH3 – C – C – C – CH3
Ɩ Ɩ Ɩ
H H H
8
3.3.1. Write down the independent variable for this investigation. (1)
3.3.2. Explain the trend in boiling points of the above investigation. (3)
3.4. Will the boiling point of hexane be HIGHER THAN or LOWER THAN that
of pentane? Refer to MOLECULAR STRUCTURE,
INTERMOLECULAR FORCES and ENERGY needed to explain the answer. (4)
How will the boiling point of an ISOMER of Butane compare to that of
Butane? Write down HIGHER THAN, LOWER THAN or EQUAL TO.
Refer to MOLECULAR STRUCTURE, INTERMOLECULAR FORCES and
the ENERGY needed to explain the answer. (4)
3.5. Consider the boiling points of compounds propan-1-ol (97˚C) and ethanoic
acid (118˚C).
3.5.1. Give a reason for this difference in boiling points by referring to the
intermolecular forces present in EACH of these compounds. (2)
3.5.2. Which ONE of the compounds propan-1-ol or ethanoic acid has a higher
vapour pressure?
Refer to their boiling points to give a reason for the answer. (2)
[28]
9
The flow diagram below shows how various organic compounds can be prepared using
compound P as starting reagent.
4.1. Write down the meaning of the term hydrohalogenation. (2)

4.2. Write down the STRUCTURAL FORMULA of compound Q. (2)
4.3. Reaction I is an elimination reaction.
Write down the:
4.3.1. TYPE of elimination reaction (1)
4.3.2. MOLECULAR FORMULA of compound P (1)
4.4. Write down the IUPAC name of compound R. (2)
4.5. For the HYDROLYSIS REACTION, write down the:
4.5.1. Balanced equation using structural formulae (5)
4.5.2. TWO reaction conditions (2)
[15]
10
QUESTION 5 (Start on a new page)
ANSWER QUESTION 5.3 ON THE ATTACHED GRAPH PAPER.
Learners use the reaction between sodium thiosulphate and hydrochloric acid to
investigate one of the factors that affects reaction rate. The balanced equation for the
reaction is:
Na2S2O3(aq) + 2HCℓ(aq) → 2NaCℓ(aq) + H2O(ℓ) + SO2(g) + S(s)
The diagram below shows the experimental setup.
In the first experiment, 50 cm3 of the sodium thiosulphate solution is added to 100 cm 3
of a 2 mol∙dm-3 dilute hydrochloric acid solution in a flask that is placed over a cross drawn
on a sheet of white paper. The hydrochloric acid is in EXCESS.
The time taken for the cross to become invisible, when viewed from the top, is recorded.
The experiment is then repeated four times with different volumes of the sodium
thiosulphate solution. The results obtained are shown in the table below.
11
5.1. Define reaction rate. (2)

5.2. How does the concentration of the sodium thiosulphate solution used in
experiment 2 compare to that used in experiment 5?
Choose from MORE THAN, LESS THAN or EQUAL TO. (1)
5.3. Draw a graph of average reaction rate versus volume of sodium thiosulphate
used on the attached GRAPH SHEET.
(ATTACH THIS GRAPH SHEET TO YOUR ANSWER BOOK.) (3)
5.4. Use the information in the graph to answer the following questions.
5.4.1. Determine the volume of dilute sodium thiosulphate solution that needs to react
in order for the cross to become invisible in 40 seconds.
USE DOTTED LINES ON THE GRAPH TO SHOW HOW YOU ARRIVED AT THE
ANSWER. (3)
5.4.2. Write down a conclusion for this investigation. (2)
5.5. Use the collision theory to explain the effect of an increase in concentration on
reaction rate. (3)
5.6. The mass of sulphur produced in experiment 1 is 1,62 g. Calculate the mass of
the sodium thiosulphate used in experiment 1. (4)
[18]
12
QUESTION 6 (Start on a new page)
6.1. A reversible gaseous reaction is allowed to reach equilibrium in a closed container

at different temperatures and pressures.
The graph below shows the percentage yield for this reaction at 30 kPa as the
temperature is increased.
30 kPa
Temperature
Use the information in the graph above to answer the following questions.
6.1.1. State Le Chatelier's principle. (2)
6.1.2. The heat of reaction (∆H) for the forward reaction is POSITIVE.
Use Le Chatelier's principle to explain this statement. (3)
The graph below shows the percentage yield for this reaction as pressure changes at
constant temperature.
Pressure
6.1.3. Explain the effect of an increase in pressure on the equilibrium position of a

reaction. (2)
13
6.1.4. Which ONE of the following equations (I, II or III) represents the equilibrium
above?
I: 2A(g) + 3B(g) 3C(g)
II: A(g) + B(g) 3C(g)
III: A(g) + B(g) 2C(g) (2)
6.2. A mixture of 0,2 moles of hydrogen chloride (HCℓ) and 0,11 moles of
oxygen gas (O2) is sealed in a 200 cm3 flask at a certain temperature.
The reaction reaches equilibrium according to the balanced equation
below:
4HCℓ(g) + O2(g) 2Cℓ2(g) + 2H2O(g)
It is found that 1,825 g of hydrogen chloride is present at equilibrium.

Calculate the equilibrium constant, Kc, for this reaction at this temperature. (9)
[18]
7.1. The balanced equation below represents the first step in the ionisation of sulphuric
acid (H2SO4) in water:
H2SO4(ℓ) + H2O(ℓ) H3O+(aq) + HSO4- (aq)
7.1.1. Define acids and bases according to Arrhenius and Lowry-Brønsted. (4)
7.1.2. Write down the FORMULAE of the TWO bases in the equation above. (2)
7.1.3. Is sulphuric acid a STRONG or a WEAK acid? Give a reason for the answer. (2)
7.2. Learners use the reaction of a 0,15 mol∙dm-3 sulphuric acid solution with a
sodium hydroxide solution in two different experiments. The balanced
equation for the reaction is:
H2SO4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → Na2SO4(aq) + H2O(ℓ)
7.2.1. They use 24 cm3 of H2SO4(aq) in a titration to neutralise 26 cm3 of NaOH(aq).

Calculate the concentration of the NaOH(aq). (5)
7.2.2. In another experiment, 30 cm3 of the H2SO4(aq) is added to 20 cm3 of a 0,28
mol∙dm-3 NaOH solution in a beaker. Calculate the pH of the final solution. (8)
[21]
TOTAL MARKS: 150
14
QUESTION 5.3
Hand in this GRAPH SHEET with your ANSWER BOOK.
Graph of reaction rate versus volume
15
DATA FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCES GRADE 12
PAPER 2 (CHEMISTRY)
TABLE 1: PHYSICAL CONSTANTS
TABLE 2: FORMULAE
16
TABLE 3: THE PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS
17

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Physical Sciences p2 Pre-Midyear Examination Grade 12 2024-1

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Confidential Information - This is for official consumption

This question paper consists of 17 pages including data sheets

INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

QUESTION 1: MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS

Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.

1.1. Which ONE of the following is the general formula of alkynes?

Activation energy Number of effective collisions

1.8 . The following reversible reaction reaches equilibrium in a closed container:

H2(g) + l2(g) ↔ 2Hl(g) AH < 0

1.9. Consider the reaction represented by the balanced equation below.

Which ONE of the following is a conjugate acid-base pair?

A. H3O+(aq) and H2O(ℓ)

1.10. Consider beakers A and B as illustrated below.

Figure 1: 200cm3 of Figure 2: 150cm3 of

QUESTION 2 (Start on a new page.)

2.1 . Define the term unsaturated hydrocarbon. (2)

Determine the molecular formula of compound E by means of a calculation. (6)

QUESTION 3 (Start on a new page.)

COMPOUND MOLARMASS (g.mol-1 )

3.1.1. Define the term vapour pressure. (2)

ORGANIC COMPOUND ORGANIC STRUCTURE BOILING POINT 0C

QUESTION 4 (Start on a new page.)

4.1. Write down the meaning of the term hydrohalogenation. (2)

QUESTION 5 (Start on a new page)

ANSWER QUESTION 5.3 ON THE ATTACHED GRAPH PAPER.

5.1. Define reaction rate. (2)

QUESTION 6 (Start on a new page)

6.1. A reversible gaseous reaction is allowed to reach equilibrium in a closed container

6.1.1. State Le Chatelier's principle. (2)

6.1.3. Explain the effect of an increase in pressure on the equilibrium position of a

It is found that 1,825 g of hydrogen chloride is present at equilibrium.

QUESTION 7 (Start on a new page.)

7.2.1. They use 24 cm3 of H2SO4(aq) in a titration to neutralise 26 cm3 of NaOH(aq).

Hand in this GRAPH SHEET with your ANSWER BOOK.

Graph of reaction rate versus volume

DATA FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCES GRADE 12

TABLE 1: PHYSICAL CONSTANTS

TABLE 3: THE PERIODIC TABLE OF ELEMENTS

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