Reon ~ A package to esUnwinding CSS. ‘A Package to Success Table of Contents oo Part -1: Addressing the basic questions of CSS Aspirants. 1, Beginning of preparation. 14 2. Selection of Subjects. 14 3... Preparation of subjects. ‘ 14 4, Notes making: 15 5. “Time management. aig 16 6. How to read newspaper?. aoe ne, 7. Preparation of current Affairs. i 18 8. Smart study. 2 E 18 9. Developing reading habits. ; 10. Standard books for reading. 19 LL. Paper presentation or Question attempting techniques. 20 12. Medicines for motivation. : 20 13. Earning good score in written. ‘ DAT 14. Study hours in a day. 21 15. Financial management. 22 16, Educational background. 2 17. Social media and CSS preparation. ~ 23 Q 18. Revision of subjects. $ 5223 19. Attitude during papers. 5 24 Part — 2 Essay ‘writing techniques; 1. “Methods.for improving vocabulary. 7) . 2. How to prepare grammar? “VO 28 3. Data collection strategy. 2 29Unwinding CSS. A Package to Success How to write an Essay 1.- Techniques of paragraph writing 2.. What is topic sentence? 3. What is' concluding sentence? 4.” Use of connectors. . 5., Development of paragraphs. 6... Technical requirements of paragraph. 7. Structure of paragraph. 8: ‘How to justify arguments? 9. Steps of writing a paragraph. _ Types of essays 1. Problematic: 2. Argumentative 3. Jiterary ~ 4. Indicators of an Argumentative Essay. How to fashion an Outline 1. Brainstorming. 2. Factors to be kept in mind. 3.. The basic rules of making outlines. ‘How to decorate a Thesis Statement? Examples of thesis statement for 055, PMS, PCS, and Al other Competitive Exams 31 31 32 32, 33 33 34 34 35 35 36 36 36 37 37 40 41 42Unwinding CSS. A Package to Success What are Expressions? What are rules of an. Essay? How to write an Introduction? 1. Methods of writing introduction. 2. Basic rules of introduction. How to write a Conclusion of an Essay? Part -3 Sample Short Essays’ Critical Evaluation of Education System in Pakistan: / When Flatters Get Together, The Devil Goes To Dinner. The Future of Democracy in Pakistan. Corruption: A Real Threat To Pakistan. If. Gold Rusts, What Shall Iron Do? Actions Speak Louder. Than Words.» AURA LN 45 45 47 48 48 49ee Jawod $Urwinding CSS: A Package to sucthee, Part=5 Checklists for grammatical and’structural” errors i 190 1. Structuring an Essay 191 2. Parts of Speech . 196 3. Punctuation and Grammar (the most common mistakes) 200 3.1 Bad syntax... 201 3,2 Inappropriate use of tense. 202 3.3 Incorrect use of prepositions. : 203 3.4 Incorrect use of colons and semi-colons. 204 ~3.5 Incorrect use of apostrophes. ‘ 205 ,3.6 Incorrect use of speech'marks. 207 3.7 Confusing singular and plural. 208 3.8 Using unnecessary words. 208 _ 3.9 Using inappropriate. or informal phrases; 208: 3.10 Not starting new'sentences when appropriate. 209 3.11 Incorrect use of commas. 4 211 3.12 Mixingpronouns, 212 3.13 Inappropriate use of definite:article. 212, 3.14 Inappropriate or incorrect use of capital letters. 213 3.15 Using ‘and’ instead of 'to’. 214- 3.16 Insufficient proof-reading. 4, Reasoning (the most common mistakes). 215 4.1 Poor Structure. ‘ , 215 4.2 Poor referencing techniques, . 216 - 4.3 Poor or unclear reasoning. 27 4.4 Generalizations. © 2 _ 218 4.5 Speculations and assertions. 218 4.6 Poor choice of vocabulary. \ 219 4.7 Misusing or misquoting a well-known phrascs : 220 4.8 Making indirect assumptions. 220 4.9 Inappropriate or inadvertent use of metaphor. 221 for O55, PMS, PCS, and Al other Competitive Exams’ at— Unwinding CSS: A Package to Success Part-6 How to tackle composition paper A. How to command précis writing? B. How to master comprehension writing? C. How to grip over translation? i D. Grammar portion. E. Vocabulary. F. Pair of words/Idioms/ one word substitution. G. Making notes of composition paper. ‘s Pai rt— a Mastering the art of précis writing 1. Steps of précis writing 2. Rules of Title 3. Requirements of précis writing 4. Essentials of précis writing : 5. What to avoid while writing a précis? ~ 6.. What to avoid while reading the original passage? Part-8 Comprehending the Comprehension Part-9 Rules of translation far C55, PMS, PCS, and All other Competitive Exams 224 225 225 225: 226 226 226 227 230 229. 232 231 233 235. 234 237 240 12Unwinding CSS. A Package to Success _. Part I Addressing The Basic Questions of CSS Aspirants Tor OSS, PMS, PCS, and Mother Competitive Exams % 13Unwinding CSS. A Package to. Success Beginningiof p rationi»\< Y_ Start reading newspaper; preferably the daily dawn. ¥~ Develop your habit of reading books. ¥ Read monthly current affairs magazine. ¥ Work on your vocabulary. v Begin with compulsory subjects. Y Keep your CSS plan secret from irrelevant people. a Sclectiansofisubjévter~ See following things before selection of a subject: v Past papers. ¥. Your interest. '¥- -Scoring trend.of subject. ¥ Your educational subject. ¥~ Try to study or. take: classes. Prepare one by one. Use past papers as your guideline. Find out the most important and repeated areas. Prepare the repeated areas first. Read whole syllabus. Prepare from one or two books. . Prepare one subject in 15-20 days. VEN. SAAS SS for 58, PMS, PCS, and All other Competitive: 14Unwinding CSS. A Package to Success ming CSS: A Package to Success ¥ Cram MCQs from past papers. ¥ Solve questions from past papers. Notes:Making:— ¥ Make your own notes of all subjects. ¥ -Make topic wise notes. Y > Read a topic and jot down the most important points in your notes. Write headings or bullet points. 5 Collect relevant quotes, date and information: First make detailed notes. Make short notes after revision. ‘Try to make notes in your first reading; it will save your time: Get your notes accessed from CSS qualifiers. Revise them in the end. MoS SS SOK Tor G55,PMS;PCS, and AU other Competitive Exams:‘Time*Management: It is said, “Failing to plan is planning to fail.” ¥. Make long term and short term plans. Y Long term plans are yearly or monthly while short term plans are weekly or daily routine. Use divide and rule policy, for example, divide subjects per month or days, newspaper editorial-in morning and news in evening. Prepare one or two subjects in a month. Allocate maximum time to English. Practice past papers. : Appear in mock exams. Get your essay, précis, comprehension. Translation assessed regularly. S KLEEN SNee It is very important for a candidate to get addicted to newspaper. while CSS aoa It would i improve his/her: ¢ Vocabulary.“ Expressions Knowledgé Analytical abilities Comprehension power Writing skills . Interest in reading : se (How.toreadmewspaper?.., > NAWRENE ‘The daily dawn is'mostly recommended to'CSS aspirant: And majority wastes time Feagity it in detail for hours. Give time to newspaper about land half hour. . Must read’3 editorials and ong article/opinion daily. Read. only headlines if exari is not near. Do not read metropolitan ‘page if you hat no public administration as your subject. . ‘Jot down reports, data if any. Must read book review on Saturday’s newspaper. Extract outline from any opp or editorial of your choice.) 8. Practice paragraphs on your outline extracted from opinion or editorial... 9. Make précis of any editorial. 10. Do title finding practice for précis writing from editorials. Beye AA “Yor O55, PMS, FCS, and other Competitive ExamsUnwinding CSS. A Package to Success "How:toiprepare:CurrentuAffairs?— It is time tested that candidates having grip over current affairs score high in.CSS exam. ' Read newspaper daily. Collect data regularly. Read monthly magazine. Read a book that covers your syllabus — at. least background of issues. Watch short videos of burning or hot issues on YouTube. - Use Ooshe App for reading articles from different newspapers. * # Prepare notes of whole syllabus. ‘Do practice in mock exams. |. Practice attempting question in 35 minutes. 0..Work on cramming MCQS of past papers. PAN a = 000.4 oF Whatis'smart'study? ~ Smart study means to differentiate between relevant and irrelevant material. Candidates are advised to prepare only relevant things for CSS exam. It needs your mental. Smartness and common sense to filter irrelevant material from relevant one. And, be focused on the relevant material that willhelp you in CSS exam. This is called smart study and smart study also involvesyour Visionary data collection. It means you must know whatever you are collecting, it j would help you in exam. Smart study also 4 involves‘ short term planning and time management, Aoi long an "far 055, PMS, ‘Mt othér Competitive Exams - 18Unwinding CSSA Package to Success eg ee: ft Package to Success Standard:books forreading.— ¢ Candidates are advised to at least 5-10 extra books during preparation of CSS. Some standard books are given below: Why Nations Fail? Pakistan:Beyond the crisis state, Pakistan;A hard country, Foreign policy of Pakistan’ Becoming. 23 The diary of young girl. How world works? & Concise history of the world. eee *. Making of Pakistan.“ 4 10. My feudal lord, s : - 11. Books of George Orwell, Paulo ‘Coehlo, Russel, Elif Shafaq, etc ae : ef 12.21 lessons of 21" century, : : z 13. The sapiens. : 14. Governing the ungovernable, CRIA EYE Also study; Sh . IPRI, strategic studies, Defuse journal, Brief budget. Sas ‘NAP, CPEC review, water and education policy review National security policy The Daily Dawn AAR wD = ter CSS, PMS, PCS, and A. other Competitive ExamsUnwinding CSS. A Package to Success ‘Paper Presentation/Question attempting. techniques: Use blue and black markers. Use blue and black pens. Draw maps and charts. Give catchy headings. Make a beautiful outline. Use quotations, facts and figures, book references, etc. Be relevant; give the devil its due. Bring quality in your answers. Use attractive expressions.’ - English should be flawless. a Length-should be as the required, of questions. Address-all aspects of statements. AON ESBACSN RUN A NK Use social media to the minimum extent. Avoid oyer socialization with friends. Watch and read interviews of CSS crete: “ Practice English on daily basis. Get your written script assessed on daily or weekly basis. Show ‘baba jeeka thullo” to negative people: Make and follow your strategy. Appreciate yourself. when feel improvement. Listen motivational speakers’stories, Power off mobile while study. Delete negativity and discouraging people from_your life. SRAGQNCES QRALQLAN for OSS, PMS, PCS, and Al other Competitive Exams ‘Date 720%Unwinding CSS. A Package to Success «Trust Allah and believe in yourself. Help the helpless. 3 Work silently. Offer five time prayers to remain fresh. SA ASN Good paper presentation: Attempt all question. Relevant headings. **. Logical and authentic arguments: Suggest practical solutions. — Give moderate analysis. Draw maps & charts. Facilitate the examiner. VRE NRE SS ASK j : 7 < It differs from aspirant to aspirant dueto'a’ ’ ‘: host of reasons. ‘ v However, eight hours study is sufficient. ¥ Itis notnecessary to join an academy. * ¥ Joining English mentor is enough for a serious aspirant. * ¥ Noone can feed you with spoons. CSS preparation completely depends on you. Academies and mentors can only give you : ‘ «far C85; PMS, POS;and Mi other Competitive Exams<*> sight direction, ¥ It’s all up to you how you move ahead practically. ‘Financial management during:CSS* preparation: ¥ Do not be afraid of expenses of CSS. You need only smart management of your financial resources. Y Do not purchase all books in on ego. ¥ Buy two books evéry month. Y Prepare subjects one by one. v v re There is no need to join an expensive academy. Prepare subjects from individual teachers one by one, p v It does not matter at all. ¥ The requirement of competitive exam is simple BA. “- I myself did BA ‘as'a private ide in z 2015 and passed CSS in 2017 in my first attempt. " ¥_; Therefore, there is no need to worry about good or bad educational background, Y Only hard work, smart work and right , direction can make youa successful civil seryant. SsSsSsSsSs—S—— Por 035, PMS, PCS, and Al other Competitive Exams ' 22Unwinding CSs..A Package to Success AS ackage to Success Socialmediaand GSS préparation: Do not use ’social media excessively. Avoid debates in Facebook comments. Avoid creating pages and groups on Facebook. Please stop guiding others before your own Success. : Use ‘Google and YouTube instead. of social media tools. : _¥ It is sheer wastage of time; if you login “Facebook for five’ minutes, you . will” unintentionally. waste your. more than: half an - hour on it. It diverts your attention: It kills your creativity. Be realistic. and practical ‘because actions ‘speak louder than‘words. Read books and be addicted to newspaper. VN NS rarare N ¥ (Sacrifice your: pleasures: temporarily to get permanent fruits ) ¥*- Windup your notes at least by November. ¥ Revise all your subjects; give equal time to.all ~~ * subjects. ~ Convert your detailed notes into short ones, Revise your syllabus topic wise. Try to solve questions from past papers, Must revise and cram MCQs. Try to revise at least three subjects i ina eke Must write two essays weekly. Give maximum time to English. CSS, PMS, PCS, and Al other Competitive Exams: SNWA KL SA 23Unwinding CSS. A Package to Success ¥ Be cool, calm and Paste inexamhall. 7 si ¥ Remember; the birth of tensions is the death of talent. Y Believe in yourself. f Z v Give your best. y Y_ Talke tea before paper and eat chocolates during paper. ¥ Never discuss your paper with anyone during exam. we . y¥ Your bad PR erformance t in one paper should ‘ not impact your performance in other papers. ¥ Focus on paper presentation.and quality of your answers. ~ ‘Your arguments should be logical, relevant and authentic. Give facts and figures, references and quotations. Remember; give value to quality-over quantity. v¥ Sleep well in exam days to be +3 a ‘Psychologically comfortable, happy and 1 fresh. Revise your subject after Fajr prayer cdring d exams. i “or O55, PMS, PCS, and Mother Competitive ExamenUnwinding CSS. A Package to Success 3 ee ne PEGE CO RRECESS, _» PART-II. | Essay-Writing -~Techniques _ Aerts ad etn cian eS or CSS, PMS, PCS, and Allather Competitive Exams * om 25to Success ding CSS: APackage Lmao SS is i _and foremost issue that a candidate faces Bea eae preparation. There are many candidates who are unable to'write well despite investing a lot of time on reading and cramming vocabulary. . Basically, they develop passive vocabulary which helps them in reading, however when they start writing, they feel poverty of words. There are some methods that can be used to build active vocabulary: SS ‘Methiod'l"Changing'sidesy\~_ ‘The majority of students write and meanings as; Example: Word Meaning Consequences “effects/o1,1 They should write easy word or meaning at the left side and the os difficult word or meaning on the other side: Example: - Meaning = Word _ Effects/al 3} : . .._ \/ Future ‘ Tssues ng Solutions % with illiteracy,’ete > Example2 . - ~ s Ss so Main topic: Education ie - ~ Angles ask in the.past papers. <3 : ~ Formation of character s Reforms. ~ © ‘Technical education planning x : ‘Co- education; =. merits and demerits 2 Critical analysis; * meaning and purpose Ills and remedies; classroom for future - Women universities etc. for C55, PMS, PCS, and Al other Competitive Exams =Unwinding CSS. A Package to Success Se eennge to Success ‘Howtowritean Essay?) As every journey begins. withthe first step so, essay cannot be conquered with only one step. There are many steps * that an aspirant takes to reach the final goal — essay..It-is a journey. that begin: begins from alphabets and ends: at essay. For example, we learn alphabets, words, sentences _ and Paragraphs. The es essay. is a combination ‘of all these. _steps. which are mentioned below: Stepaafimmtssay> << 1, “Alphabets 2. “Words; here words. mean "vocabulary which plays a paramount role in an essay: 3. Sentences; the sentences include all grammatical “structures. A beautiful paragraph is is an amalgamation of some beautiful, flawless sentences. 4. Paragraphs; paragraphs form the body of an essay. 5; Essay:. an essay is .a combination of - several paragraphs. Parts ficalssay?. for 055, PMS, PCS, and Al other Competitive Exams—_—_—_—_—_—_———— ‘for CSS, PMS, PCS, and Al other Competitive Exams Unwinding CSS. A Package to Success lection of sentences. ised of at least 8 sentences in an Paragraphiis a coll b, =It should be cor mpri essay. : : It must have a: controlling idea or atopic:sentence. d,- It must-have: aconcluding-sentence-- e. A paragraph must discuss sonb ‘one dea. = iC. a). Itis the first sentence of a -sarnereph: a * b)_ Itis.an introductory sentence of a paragraph. Se c) Itis acontrolling idea. S d) It introduces the paragraph. i e) Itis the technical teq nt of a paragraph. ~ a. It bounces back:the introductory sentence. b.. It discusses the topic:sentence with different jargons- [ ¢. «Itis thatidea on which whole paragraph is written. j opie Sentence: Co eccuption is destepying the whole economy of the ‘country. Concluding, Sinsteetence ng) Sentence: In. essence, Pakistan's economy is creaking-due'to the menace’ of corruption. iii ontmeae 32Unwinding CSS. A Package to Success The connectors are used to maintain ‘connectivity’ Coherence and cohesion’ between sentences and paragraphs. Following are the connectors that can help in maintaining technical requirements of a paragraph and an essay: ‘Conhectorsifor Results Hence, consequently, eee to Sum up, thus, 80, etc. ty— However, on the other hand, — nevertheless, on the contrary, notwithstanding, otherwise, conversely, contrarily. Ss ‘ : ; Connectors=for- ‘Time’ ~ Meanwhile, pescnd at. least, immediately, eventually, finally, currently, in the past. Similarly, in the same way, ok ‘paragraph is developed with extension or explanation of topic sentence. \ © It requires supporting arguments for extension of. controlling idea. e There should be facts and figdres, quotations, — historical and book referentes to develop a paragraph, eA paragraph must contain at least 8sentences. ‘for. CSS, PMS, PCS, and Al other Competitive Exams, i ee Unwinding CSS. A Package to Success © Personal observation or analysis can also be written in a paragraph. ®. It should be ended with a concluding sentence. What: are the technical requirements of a~ paragraph? * Topic sentence. er = Concluding sentence. ‘ = Unity, connectivity and coherence. = One paragraph must contain one idea. 1. Topic sentence. . 2. Supporting’sentences . aa 3. dustification? xo; 2 4. Supporting sentences 5. Concluding sentences Steps of writing a paragraph Start a paragraph with topic sentence. Define or describe it. Justify with substantial data . Linkjustifications with topic sentence. . Write concluding sentence at the end. wren —— (ifor 08S, PMS, PCS, and Mother Competitive Exams * 34Unwinding CSS. A Package to Success ee ee ee LO UCCESS, _| What arerequirementsof anessay? NANA Content is strong, form is weak > Unacceptable Content is weak, form is strong Acceptable Content is strong, form is strong > Desirable Content is-weak, form is weak > Undesirable Content : Form ar CSS, PMS, PCS, and All other Competitive Exams: 35uccess Unwinding CSS. A Package to Si C Mainly, there are three types of essays in CSS GD Problematic Essays (2-) Argumentative Essays a A problematic essay is always:an issue based essay. x Example 2 : Corruption, poverty, terrorism, energy crisis, water crisis, etc. { These essays are the simplest essays in CSS: They canveasily i ” be tackled with mainly these variables. 3 ©. Causes of an issue™ OF inticistnanipee >. .Sélutions tondties teimey An argumentative essay is mostly statement based. essay. { ' Example t A - Is there sucha thing as ethical consw * - Gender equality isa myth ~ Is colonial mentality impeding the progress of Pakistan? aT a You have to ei the statement, You have to~ either go in favor or against that statement, Basically, these essays demsnd valid, logical and relevant argu : Tk - uments to prove 4 our stance. Hypothetically, if you are ‘att i nS. oe yee fempting an imerism? MS, PCS, and Al other Competitive ExamsTor OSS, PMS, PCS, and Al other Competitive Exams’. Unwinding CSS. A Package to Success Argumentative essay, perceive yourself 88 a Jenyer who Presents his case in a court room, Be Cae Whatisiterary ssay2—> he vel eee Literary essay is a quotation _based essay. The topic is taken from_the works of an eminent literary figure. You have t have to analyze that statement in different angles. Literary essay essays demand literary taste in your script to ses ees ofexaminer, Example 5 - Punctuality is : a virtue of bored. - —.When life throws you lemons, make lemonade, oo ~ Imagination is more important than: powledee: < : How to fashion an Outline? \2-— An outline is an outer image or’skeleton_of your’éssay. It is the outward appearance or a face of your essay. It is written in the start of essay in order to facilitate the examiner. Structure of outlines: There are following structures of different types of outlines. oy ypes ae - Introduction a et o + - Causes: 3 ailue - Impacts ee- if package te Success Unwinding CSS: 4 - Solutions Conclusion + Introduction ~ Thesis statement - ~ Supporting arguments - Solutions (if needed) - Conclusion a No Andicators of an argumentative Essay 1. Teg statement based essay. Ex: Not economy;but politics is the way to'success. 2. It involves sayings and quotations: - Ex: Man is born free but everywhere he is in chains, 3. It has question mark at the end.— Ex:,Can meaning berfixed? : 4.> It has [or] in statement and asks for a choice to support. Ex: Globalization a boom or a bane? Information technology: blessing or a curse? Note: Aspirants hiave to agree or distgres to the statemant i ri er id prove stance with logical arguments.~-—— eh of easay ant speaenoriaay - Outline must be written in form of phrases or completesentences, y ; —_ A Yar OSS, PMS, PCS, and Al other Competitive ExamsUnwinding CSS. A Package to Success AE LO SUCCESS Take a stance and prove yourself with logic: arguments in an argumentative essay.; ——— ‘How to make an outline? YS ‘ ae en ee ee ee eee 2 5 Pe x “You can brainstorm on a rough page pitbtore drawing skeleton of an essay. Pe What is brainstorming? Brainstorming is a rough exercise that you do for making an _ Qutline. During brainstorming: whatever relevant or irrelevant points come in your mind, jot it down on rough page. Do filter your relevant points for making them_c ornaments of _your Brainstorming Mat ; a x Free. writing ~ Mind mapping BS Patterning, Listings ree WH Family inca What where When & who paleo rae Tor C85, PMS, PCS, and All other Competitive Exams " : 39 Oe ee ee eee ee eeeSURNIENTicse acini cess Unwinding CSS. A Package £0 Sues Factors to be kept in mind while making an outline of a problematic essay: Goyernment’s: role, ._ Religious. elements, Judiciary, ‘Technology, Parliament, Mediay Economy, Feudalism, ; Political Blite, External Factors, Natural Resources, Education System, Civil Sociéty, Common Man, Litérary Class, etc, Factors to be kept in mind while making outline © of an argumentative essay: History, Religion, Science, Li j R erature, Examples of Great * Personalities, Personal Information, Ethics, Society, sy 5 Customs_ and traditions, Education, Current Scenario, Rise and Fall of Nations. etc. oy eee far 055, PMS, POS, and M other Cnpeitve Exams: aceUnwinding CSS: A Package to Success ——__ ar Se ackage to Success. it must give comprehensive image: Divide topic into relevant variab! ‘Use key words of main topic. —_ Give ‘self-explanatory points. pins : : ~ Illustrate with phrases. = 5 Give sub points if needed, ee Fee et It should be flawless. eae It should be either in nie Presentation should be fine a 10. Must ensure relevancy. ~~ ae . Length should be as per demand ofthgiene | i . g 12, Avoid making too extensive and unnecessarily lengthy outlines 13. Try to facilitate the examiner by writing-clear ideas in outline. 14, Avoid(vaguelargument. a One 15. Do not give arrows anid brackets; they ee rough look to your outline. a ss 16, Write f points in 1, 2, Zora, b, ic ee — 17. Avoid sweeping statements. — ___ 5 18. Outline must be-well orznied : - CONNOR wp =Unwinding CSS: A Package to Success Unwihding CSS: 23s es How to decorate a Thesis | statement? Thesis statement is eruxeofyour essay: It_is ee ofa movie: It gives reflectioniof your whole essay 1n @ Tew “ines, 2. Topic: Bad governance in)Pakistan: its causes and consequences, Examples: We . . j : This essay will discuss bad governance in Pakistan, its ‘causes.and consequences in,upcoming paragraphs. Thesis statement S——eee Note: ora weakest type of thesis’statement. It is taught to aspirant at initial stage because they lack basic.writing skills. Serious aspirants, having command over writing skills, should avoid this; type of thesis statement. el meres ‘Example: 2 Fe : ee C tp : ys Fos. 5 & _ Itis fact thatgovernance in Pakistan is in di pidatedls 7 tae predicament due to a host-of-reasons that have severe ramifications on oyerall performance of inst L ms however, somé pragmatic ‘steps can improve it, a SS Note: This example shows Maturity of writer and clarity of thoughts. It _also depicts crux of whole essay. Therefore, serious aspirants ; should follow example 2 of thesis statement ; — ls StttementUnwinding CSS. A Package to Success Example: Is colonial mentality impeding the progress of Pakistan? : Outline Introduction: Yes, colonial mentality is impeding the Progress of Pakistan. Thesis statement — The colonial mindset has pushed Pakistan towards socio-economic, religious, political and security woes. Doubtlessly, it is a hurdle in the progress of Pakistan. Supporting arguments: v The dynastic polities is relic of colonialism. v British planted the tree of corruption. ¥ Balochistan and FATA are still seen'through strategic ¥ Criminal justice system versus panchayat or Jirga system, . Feudalism still prevails. Y Religion is used as a political tool. British used Christian missionaries to spread their tentacles. ¥ Human development is not the top most priority — British did the same. Y Security state versus welfare state.css. APackage to Success ee ruled. Gap ee eat srisrore colonial snchtality CPBC and shadows of colonial mentality. ‘ Human rights,- particularly women’s rights — are at one are lacking capacity and competence due to colonial'mentality. ¥ The curb on freedom of expression and colonial mentality. : ¥ Social stagnation is a result of colonial mentality in ¥ Economic nose-dive and colonial mentality, ~ Pakistan's bureaucracy also toes the lines of colonial masters. ¥ The law of land and colonial mindset. s “~~ Givil-military imbalance reflects colonial mentality. Urdu language and colonial mentality, . % 4M S by me Thi ssion encapsulates that colonial « mentality is bottle-neck in Pakistan’s Progress,Unwinding CSS: A Package to'Success Expressions Expressions mean the style words, combination of phrases, constructi composition of paragraphs in an essay. of writing, selection of ion of sentences and -Valid -Clear stance -Selection of words Arguments Definite knowledge -Sentence style and “Structure -Reasonable Hand writing -Use of punctuation marks -Flawless expressions -Cohesion and’Coherence -Expressive not -Proper Structure Figurative language Impressive -Use of adjective and synonyms What are the Rules of Essay? Hit the topic directly. There is no need to beat about the bush. Never define the topic, always discuss it. Essay means to explain, attempt and discuss. Essay is not the paper of current affairs; it is the test of your ideas, creativity, knowledge and language. Always use simple and short sentences in your essay. No arrows in outline. . No separate transitional paragraphs. There should be connectivity, coherence and relevancy in your ideas and language: Avoid excessive use of facts and figures, idiomatic expressions and phrasal verbs. > Do not use slang words. vVvxyv VVVVV Vvckage to Succes® vv v VVVVVVVVVVVV VVVVVVV VV VV Always try to express yourself. Never try to impress the examiner. Do not criticize or support any perso party. B Your arguments should be logical. Relevancy is the key to success 1n essay. There should be no headings in essay. : One paragraph should be based on only one idea. Do not use the words I, we, us, me in your essay. Always write formal language. Avoid spelling mistakes. Avoid repetition of thoughts. Avoid writing same facts and figures. Avoid writing irrelevant quotations. Avoid writing too lengthy or too short paragraphs: keep balance in the length of paragraphs. : Avoid writing.two or more ideas in one paragraph. Avoid gap between paragraphs. : Always start paragraphs in the mid of page. All paragraphs must be connected, Avoid writing too short:or.too long conclusion, Avoid missing the ideas of outline, ‘ Always write Topic of essay before Starting. Introduction must be one and half page. Avoid using bombastic vocabulary, i Avoid harsh statements, Standard length of an essay ig ; Always conélude your a 18 to 20 Paragraphs. n-or politicalUnwinding CSS. A Package to Success How to write Introduction of an Essay? = Hit the bull’s eye. * Introduction should be of one and half or two pages. = Hit the given statement directly. = Extend the spectrum of issue on international, regional and national grounds. Write some sentences.on seriousness of an issue: tell the examiner how much that issue has impacted. Explain the importance of an issue. Tell the examiner what would be the benefits if this issue is resolved. Mention efforts of previous governments, if needed. Also write policies of current government. * In the end, give a wakeup call. Tell the examiner about future consequences of the issue, if it is not resolved.Introduction Method 1: - story oF background. Quotation, verse saying, 4 luce the topic. General'statement to introd Specific statement: your ‘stance. Supporting statement to justify stance. Thesis statement or concluding statement. ways Method 2: General statement Specific statement Your stance Contrary stance or anti thesis Refute or synthesis Thesis statement. DOE ly How to write Conclusion of an Essay? Discuss the issue on:general grounds. Write 15-18 sentences in conclusion. Why it is necessary to overcome the issue. Give.a wakeup call. ‘ Give hope in case you have criticized. Never add new ideas in conclusion. : Like thesis statement, it sh i arn ows the whole picture of 20200000 ©. Conclusion is written in one Paragraph. Yor 055, PMS, POS, and Al other hive ExamsUnwinding CSS.A Package to Success ee Se A Package to'Success PART - III Sample Short Essays Yor 055, PMS, POS, and Ml other Competitive Exams 49,l the . to note that education y system in Pakistan is rotten to'the core. 1. 4 ‘The recent reports show dismal! pi Pakistan. Supporting Arguments! - f education system in ‘The quality education is widely missing in theisystem. ‘The ‘out of school dilemma’ is still unresolved. ‘The infrastructure of schools is dilapidated in toto. - ‘This second-rate education system is, directly or indirectly, responsible for multifaceted problems of Pakistan. The system can be improved by sees sincere and © serious efforts. wis Conclusion: xUnwinding.CSS. A Package to Suecess Essay “Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use to change the world”, said an eminent figure Nelson Mandela. Indeed, education has direct linkage with mind; it alters thinking and steers towards glory. Unfortunately, the first rate education has not found toe-hold in Pakistan so far. It is heartening to note that this system is rotten to core in this country. In fact, it has always remained at the Jowest-rung of. government’s priority ladder, Neither previous governments promoted it vigorously nor mainstream. regime seems interested to ameliorate it. According to the UNESCO, Pakistan’s literacy rate is 58%. This figure is doubtlessly, lamentable and regrettable, Needless to say, if this issue is resolved on emergency basis, prosperity will return to this land of pure. Otherwise, its consequences will be drastic. Pakistan will keep on starring into the abyss of ignominy, extremism and terrorism. The recent reports paint education system dismally. Alif Ailan’s report, Pakistan district education ranking, reveals that there is overall decrease in quality education this year. Moreover, institute of social and policy sciences states that Pakistan's education spreading is the worst’in Asia. Unfortunately, there is not a single Pakistan’s university among top 500 universities in the world. These reports are tantamount to the fact that education system is badly managed and inadequately handled. Thus, it is altogether ruined, Besides this, quality education is widely missing in the system. Recently, the news went viral about a book written by vice chancellor of Karachi University, He was acoused of plagiarism. Despite plenty of proofs about this Se for CSS, PMS, PCS, and Al other Competitive Exams Sxfraud; university did not dismiss bim coli: tarnished the image of Pakistan globally, Additional ee ‘Competitiveness Index in 19 has ranked Pakistan a: among 141 countries in ity of education. Hence, it ’s education quality of education is alion to Pakistan's ws Coran, the an Gt tees SOON is still unresolved. According 10 the UNESCO ‘ mee Aer in ani: RS 200708 ATE figure after Nigeria in the world, This, no doubt, augurs ill for future of ‘this natiowr Pakistan i enigma development apg ie waely SOP sDG sustainable development 45 well, The out of school conundrum has been haunting this country for decades. dilapidated int toto. They are built improperly. Thousands of schools do-not have washrooms. Others are without boundary walls and roofs, According to Education Atlas 2016, 29% schools in Pakistan are ‘one-room, one teacher schools’, This percentage in Baluchistan is more appalling peal badly for future of this nation, os ‘Arguably, this second-rate educ: tinction man system is, Peftstan, Universities chur out problems in SO ebns. hay puck WU ocak of grad a thet Peet Re: SCOR, ; Meang\t0 meet instability, ete, are the result of » extremism, ‘Corruption, suabeaknas polled ‘aged mites system, All ain eo eee 8 have linkage on are mother of allevil thse Mtn EaGg Unwinding CSS. A Package to Success Unwinding CSS. A Package to Success Optimistically, the system can be improved by sincere Smergency in the country. The Article 25-A of 1973 Constitution guarantees “Free and compulsory education” for ail This must be followed in letter and spirit, Besides, Sovernment can revamp system by changing contents, Processes and procedures. The strict policy is direly needed. It is also sane to increase education budget by 4%. These steps can pave the way for bright future. Aspirants are advised to update the facts and Do no cram essay as they are just sample to clarify your direction of preparation.Package to Success Unwinding CSS: A Package to SEES When Flatterers Get Together, The Devil Goes To Dinner Introduction: ‘The people with oily tongue are ee dangerous than devil. ‘ Supporting Arguments: 1, History stands witness that flatterers have always played a significant role to de-throne kings. 2. Whenever the population of flatterers increases around leaders, they are ruined: 3. Actually, flatterers are always double-faced. 4, Almost all religions of the world oppose meaningless flattering. 5, Doubtlessly, every disease is curable except love with flatterers, Conclusion: The above discussién epitomizes fairly when flatterers get together, the devil goes to dinner. ————— 055, PMS, PCS, and AU other Competitive Exams a for’Unwinding OSS. A Package to Success Essay The people with oily tongue are, indeed, more precarious than devil. True, the devil is always hell bent to. attract people towards vices, sins and destruction. He feels happy when flatterers do his job free of cost. Indeed, they share his burden, This gives devil a sense of satisfaction. Flatterers hoodwink people. They praise undeserved people. Their hyperbole leads their target towards ultimate destruction and death. Satan’s job is to ruin people altogether. Flatterers also use soft methodology to help him. They always sing tunes of their masters. They say and do everything to please their leader. When. their master is completely trapped into their web, they destroy him. This is why devil always remains thankful to them. ' The history stands witness that-flatterers have always played a significant role to’ de-throne Kings. From highly magnetic kings of Roman Empire to the Mughals of subcontinent, all fell prey to the flattery. Consequently, they lost their huge empires, Books are replete with facts that flatterers have ruined emperors. The East India Contmany played role of flatterer at the outset in subcontinent, They sent gifts to Mughal emperors and painted them gloriously. At the end, Mughals were treated with despicable cruelty. Therefore, whenever the population of flatterers increases around leaders, they are ruined. Media also plays this role in Pakistan, Today, many channels and newspapers are biased. They glorify one side and show black picture of the other side. Surely, those who are glorified excessively are equally hurt. The guns will not take time to turn to them. Many marshal laws were also outcome of flattery. Though Gir 028 PANE BPA and Al nthor Caranatitire Frame ’ 2