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File D 52.43 / 270

CIRCULAR
(H EAVIER-THAN-AIR )

PUBLISHED BY THE CHIEF OF AIR SERVICE, WASHINGTON, D. C.

Vol. II November 30, 1920 No. 137

DESTRUCTIVE WHIRLING TEST OF AERO

MARINE PROPELLER
( DESTRUCTIVE WHIRLING TEST No. 289)

Prepared by Engineering Division, Air Service

McCook Field, August 2, 1920

Ralph Brown D;'JJ :.;:1~1

UBRAIW
. APR O3 2013
Non-Oepoitor~
Auburn University

WASHINGTON
GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
1920
 DESTRUCTIVE WHIRLING TEST OF AERO MARINE
PROPELLER.

OBJECT. INSPECTION REPORT 0 - 1182.

TABLE 1.-B lad e angles.
First. To determine the ground characteristics of
the above propeller; 13efore test Alter test.
Second. To test the strength of its construction by a Radius.
10-hour run at 250 horsepower. 2 2
- -- - --
PRELIMINARY. 24 .... . ................. ... ........ . 20.0- 19. 9 20. 0 19. 9
30 ..... ..... ....... . .... . : .... . . . .... . 16. 9 16. 8 16. 6 16. 8
36 ................ ... ........ . ....... . 14. 6 14. 7 14. 8 14. 8
This test was made by and for t he propeller branch, 42. ........ .. .................... .. 12. 6 12. 9 12.9 13. l
46~... . .. . ..... . . ...... ... ..... .. 11. 7 12.2 12. 0 12. 6
engineering division, United States Air Service.
TABLE 2.
DATE AND PLACE. ----- - -- -- - - - - - - - - ~ - - - -- -

Blade width. Blade thick-

It was run on August 2, 1920, at McCook Field, Day-
ton, Ohio.
GENERA L DESCRIPTION.
The propeller was of conventional construction
throughout. It was tipped with brass. Each tip was
made in two pieces ; one on the thrust face tipped with
brass. Each tip was made in two pieces; one on the
thrust face of the blade an d the other on the camber
face of the blacl0. The piece on the thrust face was
lapped one-half inch around the leading edge and over
the piece on the camber face. The leading edges of
the propeller were protected by this t ip fo r a distance
of 301 inches from the ends of the blades. The tips
were 4 inches long on the trailing edge.
Each tip was h eld in pl:tce by 83 screws on the cam-
ber face a nd 84 scr e""s on the t h rust face. The screws
along the edge of the tips across the blades were spaced
seYell·eighths in ch apar t and three-eighths inch from
the edge. No screw was nearer the edge of the bla de
than three.fourths in ch. The screws on the two ·faces
of the blades were stagger ed.
ness.
Radius.
2 2
- - - - - - - - - - -- -,- - - - - - - -- ---
12 .- ................................. .. .
18 .....• •.. .. .. . . . . . . • . ... . . . •. . .... . .
24 ... . ......... ······· ····· ......... . .
30 ... . ...................... ... ..... ..
36 . ..... ..... .. ...... . ..... ... ... ... ..
42 ......... .. .............. .. ....... ..
4~ .... .. ..... . ...................... .
Left-hand pusher propeller; tips, brass; hub thick-
ness, 51 ; error in track, material, mahogany ; n;
weight, 19! bored; macl e by Aeromarine Plane & Motor
Co. ; number of laminations, 8 ; thickness of each, il:;
ra dius of blades (1), 49; radius of blades (2), 48H;
inspected at McCook Field, June 9, 1920.
PROCEDURE.
An R. P. M. power cur ve was run on t his propeller
from 619 re ,·o lu tions per minute to 1,945 rernlutions per
minute in steps of approximately 200 reYolutions per
minute each. At 1,945 revolutions per minute the pro-
pell er absorbed app roximately 250 horsepower, a nd
was run at this input for 10 hours.

PRIMARY DATE AS OBSERVED.

TABLE 3.-R. P . M. power mu-ve.

Time. Motor input.

Temrer- Ila rnm~-
8 or~e- 'l'h ru ~t. ter m1n1- R emarks.
R. P- m. power . p ounds. a~ ire. r:iurn
Start. Stop. Volts. Am- C. hci~ht.
peres.
------ --- --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -· !- - - - - - -,
2. 201 ......................... .. ..... ..... ......... .. ..... .... ..
3.00 ..... ....... .. 250 48 619 16.08 135 ·2i ·-- --··1-iiiX Ver v low wind.
3.04 .... . . .. .... .. 326 65 814 28.35 211 21 746. 4 'Do .
3 .07 ......... . .. .. 402 88 1,010 47. 4 314 21 746. 4 Do.
3 .10 ............. . 489 115 1,209 75. 4 450 21 746. 4 Do.
3.14.. .......... .. 514 158 1,413 108.8 605 21 746. 4 Do.
3.IS ............ .. 515.5 225 1,594 155. 5 S.36 21 746. 4 Do.
3.23 ............. . 516 340 1, 792 235 1, 038 21 746. 4 Do.
3 .27..... 4. 27 534 425 1,945 304 1,194 20. 3 74,6. 4 D~ .
8-3-20
8.25 ..... 1 4.25 . .. 5iii-- · ..... 424. ---i;i10· ":iii:i .... ·--i;iiio· ----is ... --·111X
8--4-20
8.10..... 9.10 ---5zi ........ 420· -- ·i;ii2ii· --21i1:.s-- ·--i;i6o· .... iil:s· --·1.i1X
1

1 Idling to warm up bearings.

17076-20 (3)
,"::',
.

4
DISCUSSION. FRICTION DATA.
When the propeller was shu( down at the end of TABLE 4.
the 10-hour run ther e were no Yisible signs of fa ilure
either in til e propell er or the brass tips. Mot, r input.

R.p . m. Hor se- Thrust,

Am- power. pounds.
Volts. p er es.
--- ------ - --- --
Z:38 24 613 7.64 -22
310 28 804 11. 62 - 24
398 30 995 16 -24
476 33 1, 190 21. 05 -14
511. 5 36 1,408 24. 7 -24
513.5 39 1,617 26.9 - 1
014 42 1,818 28 . 85 +5
514 47 2,024 33 +20

COMPUTED RESULTS OF TEST.

TABLE 5.- R. P. M. vower curi:e.
,
Horsep ower.

Torq u e Thrust " T ''

R.P.M. F ri ction " Q .n " T ." "Q ."
'l' otal . an d load Propel-
!er .
Prop.
curtd .
Jossc-;;.
---- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - --
619 16.08 7. 73 8.35 8.66 73. 6 122.4 l. 662
814 28.35 11. 99 16.36 16. 95 109.3 202.5 1.698
1,010 47.4 16.35 31.05 32.2 167.5 312 1. 862
1,209 75 . 4 21. 45 53.95 55 .5 241.5 469 l. 942
1,413 108.8 25.02 83 . 78 86.9 323 627 l. 942
1,594 155. 5 27.37 128. 13 133 438 902 2.08
1,792 2.15 29. 8 205.2 212.8 621 1,127 1. 811
1,945 304 33. 13 270.87 2SO 7.j6 1,301 l. 72
I
DEFLECTION DATA.
T ABLE 6.

Blade position, Deflection , :J. foot ~Ch ange

, -foot radius. Shaft radius. Blade in b lade
Shaft pitch,
R.P.M. position. - - - - - - - m ove,. 3-foot angle at Rema rk s.
ment. raOius. 3-foot
L.E. T. E. L.E . T. E . radiu~.
------ --- - - - ---- - -
Idle. o. 75 16.50 18. 51 ·· -··-···· --·-······ · ······-- 4. 9:1 &Inch out of tr.
619 .68 16.26 18. 26 0.07 +0.17 +0.18 4.91 -0.05 Stead y.
814 .67 16.16 18. 20 . 08 + .26 + .23 5. 0J + . 25 Do .
1,010 . 66 16.06 18. 11 . 09 + .35 + .31 5.03 + .3 Do .
1, 209 .65 15. 94 18. 0-1 . 10 + .46 + .'!7 5.15 + .62 Do .
1, 41'! .64 15. 80 17. 95 .11 + .59 + . 45 5. 27 + . 99 Do .
1, 594
1,792
. 62
. 61
15. 74
15. 62
17. 88
17. 84
.13
.14
+ .6,1
+ .74
+ .50 5.25 + . 91 Slight wea Ye .
+ . 53 5. 44 +l.45 Slight flutt er.
1,945 .60 15. f,0 17.83 . 15 + . 75 + . 53 5. 46 +l.53 Do.

DISCUSSION.
It will be noted on examination of Table 6, above,
that· this propeller had a slight weave at all speeds,
a nd a s light flutter at speeds a bove 1,792 re volutions
per minute. The sli ght :flutter present in this propeller
would not be considered serious in a propeller without
a meta l tip. In the case of a propeller with metal
tips any flutter, however slight, has been found to
cause the tip to fail eventually.
CONCLUSION.
The r esults of this test indicate t:tiat this propeller
will be safe for use with the engine for which de-
signed fo r a considerable periocl. It is r ecommended
that the firs t of these propellers put into service be
carefull y watclwd for signs of failure of the brass tip.
 5
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EST NO. BS
INSP. -0 - ll&
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FIG. 4.- Thrust face of Aero Marine propeller after test.

"=o·. .
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Ti:.5T ,N0.2oS
tNSP. 0 l1 b .c::

FIG. 5.-Camber face of Aero Marine propeJler after test.