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Mechanical Drive Systems in Mechatronic Applications

Technical Report · February 2017

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 Mechanical Drive Systems in Mechatronic Notes in Mechatronic, Electrical and
Applications Mechanical Engineering

Mechanical Drive Systems in Mechatronic Applications

Lutfi Al-Sharif

Professor, Mechatronics Engineering Department,

The University of Jordan

NIMEME 0008, Revision 1.0, 18th February 2017

Synopsis
Mechanical drive systems are widely used in mechatronic applications in order to
convert from rotational motion to translational motion and in order to match speed
and torque. Seven examples of such mechanical drive systems are given in this
technical note. Mechanical drive systems however, suffer from a number of
disadvantages such as wear, energy loss, noise and vibration as well taking up
valuable space.

Reasons for Using Mechanical Drive Systems

Mechanical drive systems are frequently used as part of the actuator in mechatronic
applications. They are generally used for two reasons:

1. Converting from rotational motion to translational motion (e.g., sheave and

rope; sprocket and chain).
2. Matching the speed and torque between the motor (i.e., actuator) and the
load. For example, a gearbox is an ideal device for matching the speed and
the torque between an induction motor and a rotational load by reducing the
speed and increasing the torque.

Examples of Mechanical Drive Systems

The following list includes seven examples of widely used mechanical drive systems:

1. Conveyor belts (flat or inclined).

2. Power-screws/Lead-screws.
3. Pulley and belt.
4. Sprocket and chain.
5. Rack and pinion.
6. Sheave and rope. (A sheave is a pulley that has grooves suitable for ropes).
7. Gearbox.

Disadvantages of Mechanical Drive Systems

However, there are a number of serious disadvantages for mechanical drive
systems. Thus, careful consideration should be given to their usage. These
disadvantages are listed below:

1. They take up valuable space.

2. They reduce system efficiency and cause energy loss.
3. They generate noise and vibration.
4. They wear with usage.
5. They require regular maintenance.

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