Properties of Gases

Properties of Gases
1. Gases can completely fill up the container in which
they are placed due to its unidentified shape and
volume.
2. Two or more gases can be readily mixed evenly
and completely when combined because gases
diffuse very rapidly.
3. The wide space between gas particles make
gases compressible and expendable depending
on the pressure applied to it. Gases expand
when pressure is reduced. Gases compress
when pressure is increased.
4. Gases are less dense compared to other states
of matter. Their density varies as the temperature
and pressure changes. The density of air is
0.0012 g/cm3 .
5. Gases have mass.
6. Gases exert constant uniform
pressure in all directions on the
walls of their containers.
 Fundamental Properties of Gases

1. Volume
2. Pressure
3. Temperature
4. Amount of the gas or number of
moles
Volume
the amount of space that a
substance or object occupies.
( Molecules of gases occupy
space)
denoted by its symbol V.
SI unit is Liter (L)
Pressure (P) – force per unit area

Pressure depends on the kinetic energy

of the molecules.
As the KE in turn depends on
temperature, the pressure is directly
proportional to the temperature of the
gas.
Units of Pressure

1 Pa = 1 N/m2
= 1 Kg. m/s2/m2
=

1 Atm = 76 cm of Hg
= 760 mm of Hg
= 760 Torr
= 1.013 x 105 Pa
= 1. 013 Bar
Temperature (T)
– measure of the average kinetic energy of
all the molecules of the body.
- Degree of hotness and coldness of the
body.
The temperature of the gas depends on the
kinetic energy of gas.

Gases expand when temperature is increased.

Thermometer –measures temperature.

Units of Temperature
▪ Fahrenheit (°F)
▪ Celsius (°C)
▪ Kelvin (K)
Lowest attainable temperature
-273.15°C = 0 K

Freezing point of water – 0°C

Boiling point of water – 100°C

Amount or Number of Moles (n)

The mass of gas is related to the number of

moles of the gas.

Mass of gas is generally expressed in kilogram

(Kg) or grams (g)

Number of moles = mass of gas

molar mass of
the gas