DEFINITION OF TERMS

1. Word-reading / word-recognition: The ability to recognize and identify words accurately and quickly
while reading.

2. Decoding: The process of translating written language into spoken language by breaking down words
into their individual sounds or phonemes.

3. Reading comprehension: The ability to understand and interpret written text, including grasping the
meaning of words, sentences, and larger passages.

4. Sight words: Commonly used words that readers recognize instantly by sight rather than by decoding,
often taught through memorization.

5. Literacy interventions: Strategies or programs designed to improve reading and writing skills, typically
targeted at individuals or groups experiencing difficulties with literacy.

6. Academic success: Achievement and progress in educational pursuits, often measured by grades, test
scores, and overall performance in school.

7. Multifaceted skill: A skill that involves various interconnected components or aspects, often requiring
a combination of abilities or knowledge.

8. Vocabulary growth: The process of expanding one's repertoire of words and their meanings over time
through exposure, practice, and intentional learning.

9. Skimming and scanning: Reading techniques involving quickly scanning a text for specific information
(scanning) or rapidly reviewing the main points (skimming) without reading every word.

10. Critical thinking abilities: Skills that enable individuals to analyze, evaluate, and interpret information
thoughtfully, leading to informed decisions and deeper understanding.

11. Deficit level: A level of performance or functioning that falls below a desired standard or
expectation, indicating a lack or insufficiency in a particular area.

12. Impact: The effect or influence that something has on a person, situation, or outcome.

13. Improvement: Progress or advancement in quality, skill, or performance over time.

14. Education: The process of acquiring knowledge, skills, values, and habits through formal instruction,
learning experiences, and exposure to various subjects.

15. Holistic development: The balanced growth and enhancement of a person's physical, intellectual,
emotional, social, and spiritual dimensions.

16. Reading skills: Abilities and techniques necessary for understanding written language, including
decoding, comprehension, fluency, and vocabulary.
17. Fluency: The ability to read with speed, accuracy, and expression, demonstrating ease and
proficiency in reading.

18. Conceptual understanding: Comprehension and grasp of abstract or complex ideas, principles, or
concepts, often demonstrated through application and explanation.

19. Strategic approach: A methodical and planned way of approaching a task or problem, often involving
careful planning, decision-making, and execution.

20. School administrators: Individuals responsible for overseeing the operations, policies, and activities
of a school or educational institution, including principals, superintendents, and deans.

21. Educational situation: The overall circumstances, conditions, and environment related to teaching,
learning, and educational experiences.

22. Curriculum developers/planners: Professionals responsible for designing, developing, and

implementing educational curricula, including selecting content, organizing learning experiences, and
assessing outcomes.

23. Curriculum development: The process of creating and refining educational curricula, including
determining learning objectives, selecting instructional materials, and designing assessment methods.

24. Future researchers: Individuals who will conduct studies and investigations on topics or questions
not yet explored, contributing to the advancement of knowledge and understanding in their field.

25. Literary: Relating to literature or written works, often characterized by artistic or intellectual merit.

26. Imply: To suggest or indicate something indirectly or without explicitly stating it.

27. Pedagogical: Relating to the methods, strategies, and principles involved in teaching and instruction.

28. Intrinsic: Belonging naturally or inherently to something, originating from within rather than from
external factors.

29. Metacognitive: Referring to the awareness and control of one's own cognitive processes, including
planning, monitoring, and evaluating learning strategies.

30. Pertains: Relates or applies specifically to a particular subject, situation, or context.

31. Correlational: Involving a relationship or connection between two or more variables or factors, often
measured by statistical analysis.

32. Context clues: Information provided within a text that helps readers infer the meaning of unfamiliar
words or phrases based on surrounding information.

33. Differentiated instruction: An approach to teaching that accommodates diverse learning needs and
styles by adjusting instruction, content, and assessment to meet individual students' needs.
34. Affective: Relating to emotions, attitudes, or feelings, often pertaining to the affective domain of
learning, which involves emotions, values, and attitudes.