Section A

1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. A

6. D 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. C

11. A 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D

16 a) i. ClO3- + e- + 2 H+  ClO2 + H2O [1] 19. a) m1:Ionisation energy increase : K < Na < Li [1]
- SO2 + 2 H2O  SO42- + 2e- + 4 H+ [1] m2 : K (g)  K+ g) + e- (or Li / Na) (insist state) [1]
ii. 2 ClO3- + SO2  SO42- + 2 ClO2 [1] m3: atomic radius increase going down Group 1 [1]
b) i. oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously on the same m4 : screening effect increased, as number of shells increase [1]
substance [1] m5 : effective nuclear charge decrease from Li > Na > K [1]
ii. warm / heat / reflux / 600C or above [1] b) i. m6 : sodium is more reactive than lithium when react with
- Cl2 + 6OH  ClO3 + 5 Cl + 3 H2O
- - -
[1] oxygen, [1]
- 0 to +5 and -1 [1] m7 : since Na is more electropositive / or E0 of Na is more
negative / Na is stronger reducing agent than lithium [1]
17. a) Si + Cl2  SiCl4 [1] m8 : 4 Li + O2  2 Li2O [1]
- SiCl4 + 2 H2  Si + 4 HCl [1] m9 : name of product : lithium oxide [1]
b) since SiCl4 is simple covalent molecule [1] m10 : 2 Na + O2  Na2O2 [1]
- hold by weak Van Der Waals forces [1] m11 : name of product : sodium peroxide [1]
c) white fume is formed [1] ii. - m12 : both oxide of lithium and sodium dissolve in water
- SiCl4 undergoes hydrolysis /SiCl4 + 2 H2O  SiO2 + 4HCl [1] and formed alkaline solution [1]
d) increase the temperature [1] m13 : which is a strong alkali / ionised completely in water [1]
- doped with phosphorous / boron [1] m14 : Li2O + H2O  2 LiOH [1]
m15 : Na2O2 + 2 H2O  2 NaOH + H2O2 [1]
18. a) m1 : heat released when 1 mol of substance (stearic acid)
is burned in excess air (oxygen) [1] 20.a) m1 : - Group 14 exist in +2 and in +4 OS [1]
m2 : under standard condition [1] - m2 : Group 14 oxide exist as MO and MO2 [1]
m3 : C18H36O2 (s) + 26 O2 (g)  18 CO2 (g) + 18 H2O (l) [1] - m3 : CO and SiO are neutral oxide [1]
b) i. m4-5 : C (s) + O2 (g)  CO2 (g) H = –393 - m4 : GeO, SnO and PbO are amphoteric [1]
H2 (s) + ½ O2 (g)  H2O (l) H = –286 - m5 : As base : MO + 2 H+  M2+ + H2O [1]
18 C (s) + 18 H2 (g) + O2 (g)  C18H36O2 (s) H = –1948 [2] - m6 : As acid : PbO + 4 OH- + H2O  [Pb(OH)6]4- @
m6 : HC = 18(–393) + 18(–286) + (+1948) [1] PbO + 2 OH- + H2O  [Pb(OH)4]2- @
m7 : = –10274 kJ mol-1 [1] MO + OH- + H2O  [M(OH)3]-
ii. m8–10 : each level incorrect (-1) [3] - m7 : CO2 and SiO2 are acid [1]
Energy / kJ - m8 : SiO2 + 2 OH-  SiO32- + H2O [1]
18 C (s) + 18 H2 (g) + 27 O2 (g) - m9 : GeO2, SnO2 and PbO2 are amphoteric [1]
- m10 : As acid : MO2 + 2 OH- + 2 H2O  M(OH)62- @
-1948 MO2 + 2 OH-  MO32- + H2O [1]
18(-393) C18H36O2 (s) + 26 O2 (g) - m11 : As base : MO2 + 4 H+  M4+ + 2 H2O [1]
- m12 : acidity decrease / basicity increased down Group 14 [1]
b)i. m13 : Calculate the mole of Pb and O [1]
18 CO2 (g) +18 H2 (g) + 9 O2 (g) Element Pb (AR = 207) O (AR = 16)
Mol = mass / AR Mol = 90.66 / 207 Mol = 9.34 / 16
18(-286) -10274 = 0.4380 = 0.5838
3+
Fe (aq) + 3 Cl (aq) - Ratio 0.4380 / 0.4380 0.5838 / 0.4380
=1@3 = 1.33 @ 4
c) m11 : q = C @ (7.32 kJ 0C-1)(63.0) @ 461.16 kJ [1] m14 : Write the empirical formula of Pb3O4 [1]
m12 : mol = 13.6 / 18(12.0) + 36(1.0) + 2(16.0) [1] m15 : deduce the ratio of PbO to PbO2 as 2 : 1 [1]
m13 : HC = 461.16 / 0.04788 [1]
m14 : = –9630 kJ mol-1 [1]
m15 : value in bomb calorimeter is lesser than theoretical [1]