Types of Irony

Irony is a figure of speech in which words are used to express something that us different from the
actual meaning or, at times, is the exact opposite of its intended meaning. Simply put, it is a deviation
from the appearance and reality of something or a situation.

Verbal Irony

Verbal Irony is when a character or person says one thing but means the complete opposite. Ironic
statements are used to convey a meaning that is exactly the opposite of the literal meaning.

Example:

"Once done with you very important video game, let's spend some relaxation time solving these math
problems, okay?" Mom said.

Situational Irony

Situational Irony is when the complete opposite of what is expected occurs. The audience (readers,
listeners, or viewers) are certain about the ending but the opposite situation happens. Usually writers
employ strong word connections with situational irony and add fresh thoughts, variations,
embellishments to their works. Such unexpected turnaround in a plot is commonly used to make the
audience laugh or cry.

Examples:

1. A fire station burned down.

2. In O. Henry's "The Gift of the Magi,"the wife cuts her long hair and sells it to be able to buy her
husband a chain for his pocket watch. The husband sells his pocket watch to buy his wife a comb.

Dramatic Irony

Dramatic Irony is when a character believes something and the opposite is true. The audience knows the
character is working under false beliefs. This can lead to hilarious or tragic situations.

Examples:

1. Suspense is created when a character enters a house and the audience knows that the character plays
nice and kind to another while the audience knows that the character is planning to kill the person.