Volume 9, Issue 5, May – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165
Smart Occupancy Lighting System
Rakshith S1*
Post Graduate Student of M Tech
Machine Design at Department of Mechanical Engineering,
RV College of Engineering,
Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Dr. S K Harisha3
Associate Professor
PG Studies at Department of Mechanical Engineering, RV College of Engineering,
Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
Corresponding Author:- Rakshith S1*
Abstract:- This project introduces a sophisticated system
designed to streamline lighting management in seminar
halls, effectively addressing the diverse needs of both
stage activities and audience engagement. Leveraging the
Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller, alongside infrared (IR)
sensors, a toggle switch, jumper wires, and an LED
display, this system offers a comprehensive solution for
dynamically adjusting lighting levels based on real-time
occupancy data. By integrating sensor technology at
strategic entry and exit points within the seminar hall, the
system accurately detects the flow of attendees, enabling
precise control over both stage and audience lights. The
innovative use of a toggle switch provides manual control
over stage lighting, granting presenters and event
organizers the flexibility to tailor the lighting
environment to suit specific presentation styles and event
dynamics. Through seamless automation and intuitive
user interface design, this system enhances energy
efficiency, optimizes attendee comfort, and facilitates
smooth event management processes. This abstract
provides a succinct overview of the project's objectives,
components, and anticipated benefits, setting the stage for
a detailed exploration of its design, implementation, and
potential applications in seminar hall environments.
Keywords:- Smart Lighting, Seminar Halls, IR Sensors,
Arduino, Automation, Energy Efficiency, User Experience,
LED Control.
I. INTRODUCTION
The Seminar halls serve as crucial spaces for knowledge
dissemination, professional development, and community
engagement.
The effective management of lighting within these
venues is paramount, not only for creating an engaging
atmosphere but also for optimizing energy usage and
ensuring attendee comfort. Traditional lighting systems often
lack the flexibility and adaptability required to meet the
diverse needs of seminar hall environments, where activities
IJISRT24MAY1802 www.ijisrt.com
https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24MAY1802
Syed Hassan Quadri2
Post Graduate Student of M Tech
Machine Design Manufacturing at Department of
Mechanical Engineering, RV College of Engineering,
Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
range from presentations on stage to audience interactions
and discussions. To address the challenges of lighting
management in seminar halls, this project introduces a novel
system leveraging the capabilities of an Arduino Uno R3
microcontroller, infrared (IR) sensors, a toggle switch,
jumper wires, and an LED display. By harnessing the power
of microcontroller technology and sensor integration, this
system offers a dynamic and responsive approach to lighting
control, tailored specifically to the unique requirements of
seminar hall spaces.
The primary objective of this project is to develop an
automated lighting system capable of intelligently adjusting
both stage and audience lights based on real-time occupancy
data. By employing IR sensors strategically positioned at
entry and exit points, the system can accurately count the
number of people entering and exiting the seminar hall. This
occupancy data serves as the foundation for dynamically
controlling the illumination levels in both the stage and
audience areas, ensuring optimal lighting conditions
throughout various stages of a seminar or event.
Furthermore, the inclusion of a toggle switch provides
manual control over the stage lights, allowing presenters or
event organizers to adjust the lighting to suit specific
requirements. This flexibility enhances the usability of the
system, empowering users to tailor the lighting environment
to accommodate different presentation styles, audience
preferences, and event dynamics.
 Objectives
 Develop a system using IR sensors to accurately count the
number of people entering and leaving the seminar hall
 Implement a mechanism to differentiate between entries
and exits by tracking the order in which the sensors are
triggered, assigning positive and negative counts
accordingly.
 Integrate a time-based feature to automatically turn off
lights after a predetermined duration of inactivity,
optimizing energy consumption.
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Volume 9, Issue 5, May – 2024 International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
ISSN No:-2456-2165 https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24MAY1802

 Promote energy efficiency by automatically turning off  Circuit Diagram

lights when the seminar hall is unoccupied, contributing
to sustainable and environmentally conscious practices.

II. METHODOLOGY

Fig 2 Circuit Diagram

The electric circuit functions as the core of the smart

lighting control and motion detection system, efficiently
processing sensor data to determine movement direction and
calculate the current number of occupants. It orchestrates the
automatic lighting system for both audience and main stage
lights, ensuring appropriate illumination levels to enhance the
stage environment. Additionally, the microcontroller
interfaces with the I2C LCD display to provide real-time
feedback on occupancy status, keeping users informed of the
seminar hall's occupancy. The toggle switch offers manual
control and system override capabilities, allowing users
flexibility in adjusting settings as needed. Through its
integrated components, including infrared sensors, a
microcontroller, automatic lighting controls, an LCD display,
and a toggle switch, the electric circuit enables seamless
operation of the system. It strikes a balance between
automated lighting adjustments and precise occupancy
tracking, optimizing the seminar hall environment for both
functionality and energy efficiency.

 Working Principle
The project's working principle hinges on the synergy
between sensor data processing, occupancy detection, and
lighting control to enhance the seminar hall environment.
Infrared sensors serve as the linchpin of the system, detecting
variations in infrared radiation resulting from the movement
of individuals entering or exiting the hall. These sensors relay
signals to a microcontroller, functioning as the central
processing unit. Upon reception, the microcontroller
Fig 1 Methodology
deciphers the signals to ascertain the direction of movement
and updates the occupancy count in real-time. This dynamic
 Components Description
occupancy data forms the cornerstone of the system's
intelligent lighting control mechanism.
 Arduino UNO
 LED Leveraging this occupancy information and pre-defined
 IR sensor logic, the microcontroller orchestrates the activation or
 Jumper Wires deactivation of the lighting system. As attendees enter the
 I2C LCD hall, the microcontroller adjusts the audience lights to ensure
 Toggle Switch optimal illumination levels. Additionally, it activates the

IJISRT24MAY1802 www.ijisrt.com 1181

Volume 9, Issue 5, May – 2024
ISSN No:-2456-2165
main stage light when necessary, guaranteeing visibility for
presentations or performances. Conversely, when individuals
exit, the microcontroller promptly updates the occupancy
count and adjusts the lighting system accordingly, conserving
energy by illuminating only occupied areas. Complemented
by an I2C LCD display for real-time occupancy status
feedback and a toggle switch for manual control or system
override, this integrated setup enables seamless and user-
friendly operation, optimizing the seminar hall environment
while promoting energy efficiency.
III. RESULT
The implemented attendance monitoring system
effectively tracked the flow of individuals entering and
exiting the seminar hall in real-time. The infrared sensors
reliably detected movement, accurately signaling entry and
exit events as individuals passed through the sensor zones.
The Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller efficiently processed
sensor inputs, updating the attendance count accordingly.
LED displays provided clear visual feedback on attendance
levels, with distinct patterns illuminating based on predefined
attendance ranges. Additionally, toggle switches enabled
convenient control over stage lights, allowing for adjustments
to audience lighting conditions. Overall, the system
successfully fulfilled its primary objective of monitoring
attendance and providing responsive control over lighting
settings in the seminar hall.
However, during testing, some minor issues were
observed, such as occasional delays in sensor response time
and minor inaccuracies in attendance tracking. These issues
may have been influenced by environmental factors or sensor
calibration settings. Nonetheless, the system's overall
performance remained satisfactory, demonstrating its
potential utility in various educational and event management
contexts. With further refinement and optimization, such as
fine-tuning sensor calibration parameters and implementing
additional error-checking mechanisms, the system could
achieve even greater accuracy and reliability in real-world
scenarios.
IV. DISCUSSION
The project's discussion encompasses its practical
implications, technological advancements, limitations, and
future directions. By integrating sensor-based occupancy
detection and intelligent lighting control, the system
showcases a notable advancement in smart building
technologies, offering real-time monitoring and responsive
adjustment of lighting conditions in seminar halls. While the
project demonstrates significant improvements in user
experience and energy efficiency, it also acknowledges
limitations, such as potential inaccuracies in occupancy
detection and user dependency on manual control overrides.
Looking ahead, future research could explore the integration
of additional sensor modalities and machine learning
algorithms to enhance accuracy and adaptability.
Additionally, the incorporation of cloud-based analytics and
remote monitoring capabilities holds promise for scalability
and centralized management in diverse building
IJISRT24MAY1802 www.ijisrt.com
International Journal of Innovative Science and Research Technology
https://doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt/IJISRT24MAY1802
environments. Ultimately, through ongoing innovation and
collaboration, smart lighting and occupancy detection
systems have the potential to transform not only seminar hall
environments but also broader applications across various
sectors.
V. CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the developed attendance monitoring
system presents a promising solution for efficiently tracking
attendance and controlling lighting conditions in seminar
halls. Despite minor issues encountered during testing, such
as occasional delays in sensor response time and minor
inaccuracies in attendance tracking, the system demonstrated
satisfactory performance overall. By leveraging infrared
sensors, an Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller, LED displays,
and toggle switches, the system effectively automated
attendance monitoring processes and provided responsive
control over lighting settings. With further refinement and
optimization, including fine-tuning sensor calibration
parameters and implementing additional error-checking
mechanisms, the system has the potential to enhance
accuracy, reliability, and user experience in seminar hall
management.
Moving forward, continued development and iteration
of the attendance monitoring system should focus on
addressing identified limitations and incorporating user
feedback to optimize performance and usability.
Additionally, exploring opportunities for integration with
advanced technologies, such as machine learning algorithms
for predictive attendance analysis or wireless communication
protocols for remote monitoring and control, could further
enhance the system's capabilities and extend its applicability
to diverse educational and event management environments.
Overall, the project highlights the significance of leveraging
technology to streamline administrative processes and
improve resource management in seminar hall settings,
contributing to enhanced efficiency and convenience for both
organizers and attendees.
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