Organelles

Organelle Diagram/picture Description Function

Nucleus – A large organelle DNA contains genes

including surrounded by a which contain the
nuclear double instructions to make a
membrane membrane protein
and nuclear (nuclear The nuclear pores are
pores membrane) spaces to allow mRNA to
which contains leave the nucleus as part
holes (nuclear of protein synthesis
pores)
Nucleus contains
long strands of
DNA
Nucleolus A dark stained The nucleolus is a small
section inside spherical region within
the nucleus the nucleoplasm. It
manufactures ribosomal
RNA and assembles the
ribosomes. There may
be more than one
nucleolus in a nucleus
Mitochondria Usually rod- Produce ATP as part of
shaped, inner aerobic respiration
folded
membrane,
looks like a
sausage

Rough Sheet of Provide large surface

Endoplasmic membranes with area for the synthesis of
Reticulum dots on proteins and
(ribosomes) glycoproteins and
provide a pathway for
the transport of
materials throughout
the cell
Smooth More tubular, no Synthesise, store and
Endoplasmic ribosomes transport lipids and
Reticulum carbohydrates

Golgi More compact Form lysosomes, form

Apparatus than sER, not glycoproteins by adding
connected carb to prot, produce
secretory enzymes,
transform modify and
store lipids
Lysosomes Circles small Hydrolyse material
ingested by phagocytes,
release enzymes to
destroy material around
cell, digest worn out
organelles to recycle

Cell Outline of cell Partially permeable

Membrane membrane

Ribosomes Small black dots, Site of translation

often on rER or
in cytoplasm

Cell wall Line further out Freely permeable,

than cell provides structure
membrane

Chloroplasts Stacks of coins Site of photosynthesis

Vacuole Big empty space Selectively permeable
membrane, storage