MODEL-III ( M / M / 1) : (k / FIFO)

  
n  1 
   
1. p n     k 1 
, if   
 1     
    

1
pn  , if   
k 1


1

p0  k 1
if   
 
1   
 

1
p0  , if   
k 1

2. Ls  The average no. of customers in the system

k
Ls  , if   
2

  
k 1

 (k  1)   
   
Ls         , if   
k 1 
    
1   
 
  


Lq  Ls  where   is the effective arrival rate     (1  p0 )
3.

Ls
4. Ws 


Lq
5. Wq 

1. The local one person barber shop can accommodate a maximum of 5 people at a time ( 4
waiting and 1 getting hair-cut). Customers arrive according to a Poisson distribution with
mean 5 / hr. The barber cuts hair at an average rate of 4 / hr.(exponential service time)
(i) what % of time is the
barber idle? (ii) what fraction of the
potential customers are turned away? (iii) what is the expected number of
customers waiting for a hair-cut? (iv) how much time can a customer expect
to spend in the barber shop?
Solution:

This is a (M/M/1):(5/FIFO) model with

λ=5 / hr μ = 4 / hr

   5
1   1  
(i) p0     
4

0.25
 0.0888
N 1 6 2.8147
  5
1    1  
  4

∴Percentage of time when the barber is idle ≅ 9.

ii)p(a potential customer turned away)=p(N>5)=


5

   .0888  0.2709
5

 p 1.25
 
0

Therefore, 0.2711 x potential customers are turned away.

 k 1 
 (k  1)   
 

      
Ls       
     k 1 
 
 1     
(iii)    
6
5
6 
    5 
5 4 22.8882
  5  8.1317  3.1317
45 5
6  2.8147
1  
 4

    1  p0   41  0.0888  3.6648

  3.6648
Lq  Ls   3.1317   2.2155
 4

L 3.1317
(iv) Ws  s   0.8545h
  3.6648

2. At a railway station, only on train is handled at a time. The railway yard is sufficient only
for 2 trains to wait, while the other is given signal to leave the station. Trains arrive at
the station at an average rate of 6 per hour and the railway station can handle them on an
average of 6 per hour. Assuming Poisson arrivals and exponential service distribution,
find the probabilities for the numbers of trains in the system. Also find the average
waiting time of a new train coming into the yard. If the handling rate is doubled, how will
the above results get modified?

Solution:

This is a (M/M/1):(3/FIFO) model with

(a) λ=6 / hr μ = 6 / hr ; k = 2+1=3

P0 = 1/4; Pn = 1/4;

Ls =k/2 = 1.5 trains. Ws = 1/3 hour or 20 min.

(b) λ=6 / hr μ = 12 / hr ; k = 2+1=3


1

p0  k 1
if   
 
1   
 

Since λ ≠ μ, P0 = 8/15 ;Pn = (8/15) (1/2)n , for n = 1,2,3

Ls = 11/15 hour = 0.73 train.

Ws = 11/84 hour = 7.9 min.

3. Patients arrive at a clinic according to poisson distribution at a rate of 30 patients per
hour. The waiting room does not accommodate more than 14 patients. Examination time
per patient is exponential with mean rate of 20 per hour.
(a) Find the effective arrival rate at the clinic.
(b) What is the probability that an arriving patient will not wait?
(c) What is the expected waiting time until a patient is discharged from the clinic?

Solution:

This is a (M/M/1):(15/FIFO) model with

(a) λ=30 / hr μ = 20 / hr ; k = 14+1=15


1

p0  k 1
if   
 
1   
 

P0 = 0.00076

Effective arrival rate :     (1  p0 )

=20 x ( 1-0.00076)

= 19.98 per hour.

(b) P (a patient wii not wait) = P0 = 0.00076

  
k 1

 (k  1)   
   
(c) Ls         , if   
k 1 
    
1   
 
  

= 13 patients nearly.

and Ws = 13/19.98 = 0.65 h or 39 min