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Agricultural Sciences Grade 12 May 2023

NSC

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

SEKHUKHUNE SOUTH/EAST DISTRICT

MARKS: 100
TIME: 1H30 MINUTES

This question paper consists of 11 pages

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INSTRUCTIONS AND INFORMATION

1. This question paper consists of TWO sections, namely SECTION A and
SECTION B.
2. Answer ALL the questions in the ANSWER BOOK.
3. Number the answers correctly according to the numbering system used in this
question paper.
4. Study the questions carefully and make sure you answer what is required.
5. Show ALL calculations, including formulas, where applicable.
6. Write neatly and legibly.

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Agricultural Sciences Grade 12 May 2023

NSC

SECTION A
QUESTION 1

1.1. Various options are provided as possible answers to the following questions.
Choose the answer and write only the letter (A–D) next to the question
numbers (1.1.1 to 1.1.18) in the ANSWER BOOK, e.g. 1.1.11 B.
1.1.1 The best description of external parasites on cattle:
I. Live on the skin of cattle
ii. Can damage the skin
iii. Can produce toxins
iv. Found in the liver
Choose the CORRECT combination:
A. (i), (ii) and (iv)
B. (i), (ii) and (iii)
C. (ii), (iii) and (iv)
D. (i), (iii) and (iv)

1.1.2 A bacterial venereal infection causing the worst cases of abortion which
results in infertility in cows:
A. Anthrax
B. Trichomoniasis
C. Brucellosis
D. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis
1.1.3 Zoonotic diseases that can be transmitted from animals to humans:
A. Anaemia and polyneuritis
B. Anthrax and rabies
C. Tuberculosis and heart water
D. Ringworm and sway-back
1.1.4 The rapid spread of infectious diseases over a very large territory:
A. Acute
B. Pandemic
C. Sporadic
D. Endemic
1.1.5 A poisonous plant with a bad smell and taste:
A. Poison bulb
B. Maize fungus
C. Thorn apple
D. Ammonia poison
1.1.6. Liver flukes need ... host(s) in order to complete its life cycle.

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A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
1.1.7 No treatment or preventative vaccine is available for this disease...
A. Avian flu
B. Red water
C. Anthrax
D. Swine flu
(7 x 2 =14)
1.2 Indicate whether each of the descriptions in COLUMN B applies to A ONLY, B
ONLY, BOTH A AND B or NONE of the items in COLUMN A. Write A only, B
only, both A and B or none next to the question number (1.2.1–1.2.5) in the
ANSWER BOOK, for example 1.2.6 B only.
COLUMN A COLUMN B
1.2.1 A. Subcutaneous Injecting animals between the layers of
B. Intradermal the skin
1.2.2 A. Mites Microscopic parasites with mouth parts
B. Ticks used to suck blood and cause irritation
for the host
1.2.3 A. Chronic disease A disease required by law to be
B. Notifiable disease reported when detected
1.2.4 A.Dosing Appropriate method to control external
B. Dipping parasites
(4 x 2 = 8)
1.3.Give ONE term for each of the following descriptions. Write only the term next to
the question number (1.3.1 – 1.3.5) in the ANSWER BOOK.
1.3.1 An injection inserted into a vein of an animal.
1.3.2 Disease causing organisms.
1.3.3 An infected animal or sick animal with a contagious disease is separated from
the herd to prevent the spread of the disease.
( 3x2 =6)
1.4.Change the UNDERLINED WORD(S) in each of the following statements to
make them TRUE. Write only the answer next to the question number (1.4.1–
1.4.2) in the ANSWER BOOK.
1.4.1 The type of host represented by a snail in the life cycle of a fluke worm is
known as the main host.

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Agricultural Sciences Grade 12 May 2023

NSC

1.4.2 Plant poisoning occurs when excessive amounts of salt are taken in and an
intake of good quality water is limited.

( 1x2 = 2)
TOTAL SECTION A = [30]

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SECTION B
QUESTION 2 [ANIMAL DISEASES AND PROTECTION]
2.1 Livestock owners should know what signs to look out for when they check the
health of their animals.

2.1.1 Briefly explain how a farmer would take the pulse rate of a farm animal. (3)
2.1.2 Mention THREE signs of poor health in animals. (3)
2.1.3 Sick animals must be treated and injections can be administered
intramuscularly or subcutaneously. Differentiate between intra-muscular and
subcutaneous injections. (2)
2.2 The table below shows information regarding the types of diseases in farm
animals.
DISEASE CAUSED BY MODE OF SYMPTOMS
TRANSMISSION
A virus B excited, aggressive
and excessive
salivation
tuberculosis C direct contact respiratory distress
D protozoa E urine is dark
red/brown
ringworm fungi direct contact F

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2.2.1 Refer to the table above and identify A, B, C, D, E and F. Do NOT copy the
table. (6)
2.2.2 Mention TWO roles of the government in controlling diseases in farm animals.
(2)

2.3. Read the following paragraph and answer questions that follow:

Swine flu, anthrax, foot-and-mouth disease, tuberculosis and rabies are all highly
contagious and pandemic diseases. Some are zoonotic while others are enzootic.
Most of these diseases are notifiable diseases. The diseases are caused by different
pathogens which could be transmitted by either direct contact or inhaling infected air.
Some can remain infectious for weeks or even many months. People can also be
infected by eating animal products from affected animals.

2.3.1 Classify the diseases in the scenario above according to the pathogens that
cause them. (2)
2.3.2 Define zoonotic diseases. (2)
2.3.3 Why is swine flu regarded as enzootic? (1)
2.3.4 Suggest THREE precautionary measures a farmer can take to prevent the
spread of the disease. (3)
[24]

QUESTION 3 [EXTERNAL AND INTERNAL PARASITES]

3.1 The pictures below show parasites affecting farm animal

PARASITE A PARASITE B PARASITE C

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3.1.1 Classify parasite A according to its life cycle. (1)

3.1.2 Name the protozoan disease that is transmitted by the parasite in QUESTION
(3.1.1). (1)
3.1.3 Write down the letter of the parasite to which EACH of the statements below
applies:
(a) Its infestation can be controlled by destroying the snail. (1)
(b) It can cause bloated bellies in young animals. (1)
3.1.4 Name TWO requirements of the use of medication in farm animals. (2)

3.2 The table below indicates some of the indigenous methods used to control
diseases and pests in livestock:
INDIGENOUS CONTROL FREQUENCY OF PERCENTAGE
METHOD USE
Gall smearing 72 93,5
Herbs 67 87,0
Self-diagnosis 70 90,1
Bush burning 37 48,1
Herd isolation 17 22,0
Local concoctions/mixtures 27 35,0
[Adapted from a field survey- 1995]

3.2.1. Identify an indigenous control method that is comparable to the chemical

control of diseases. (1)
3.2.2. State the two commonly used methods in controlling pests and diseases by
referring to the table above. (2)
3.2.3. Draw a bar graph to indicate the frequency of the use of indigenous control
methods in percentages. (6)

3.3 The picture below represents the life cycle of a type of fly that attacks animals,
especially wool sheep.

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Agricultural Sciences Grade 12 May 2023

NSC

3.3.1 Indicate the most harmful stage in the life cycle of this parasite. (1)
3.3.2 Identify the condition caused by the stage in QUESTION (3.3.1) that occurs in
the wounds of wool sheep. (1)
3.3.3 Supply the term used for the removal of wool around the tail and rear leg
areas. (1)
3.3.4 Suggest THREE non-chemical management practices used to control
infestation by this parasite. (3)
3.3.5 State TWO economic implications a farmer will experience due to attack by this
parasite. (2)
[23]
QUESTION 4 (PLANT AND METALLIC SALT POISONING)
4.1

Lantana camara and Dichepetalum cymosum or poison leaf (‘gifblaar’) are two
of the most common and important hepatotoxic plants for farm animals.

4.1.1 State a common name/phrase used to describe plants in the scenario

above. (1)

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4.1.2 Name the farm animal which is mainly affected by poison leaf (gifblaar) (1 )
4.1.3 Mention THREE examples of other plants in this category. (3)
4.1.4 Give examples of TWO types of sheep that are most susceptible to these types
of plants. (2)
4.1.5 Name the white granular inorganic substance fed to ruminants as a protein
substitute, which has the same effect as the plants mentioned above if it is fed
in excess. (1)
4.1.6 Identify the control measures a farmer may take to prevent plant poisoning in
EACH of the following situations:
(a) Animals graze after being transported over long distances. (1)
(b)Animals feed on hay kept in stables. (1)
(c)Overgrazed or overstocked camps. (1)
4.2. Study the following diagram and answer questions that follow:

4.2.1 Name the type of poisoning the farm animal above may contract. (1)
4.2.2 Suggest TWO preventative measures to take in case of the poisoning named
In QUESTION 4.2.1. (2)
4.2.3 Indicate TWO symptoms of this type of poisoning in farm animals. (2)

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 Confidential Information - This is for official consumption

Agricultural Sciences Grade 12 May 2023

NSC

4.2.4 Briefly describe TWO possible measures to treat the poisoning named
above. (2)

4.3. Discuss any two principles of good health that should be applied to ensure that
animals remain healthy. (4)
[23]
TOTAL SECTION B: [70]
GRAND TOTAL: [100]

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