Multiple Choice

1. ______ is the attitude one has toward her job and ______ is the extent to which an employee identifies with and is
involved with an organization.
a. Job satisfaction / cohesiveness
b. Job satisfaction / organizational commitment
c. Organizational commitment / cohesiveness
d. Organizational commitment / job satisfaction
ANSWER: b

2. Job satisfaction is most related to performance in:

a. low complexity jobs
b. clerical jobs
c. high complexity jobs
d. moderate complexity jobs
ANSWER: c

3. Job satisfaction is most related to:

a. performance
b. absenteeism
c. organizational commitment
d. tenure
ANSWER: c

4. Sara was out of work for 9 months before being hired by Midwest Medical Supplies. Midwest has treated Sara well,
gave her a raise during a time in which the company was losing money, and sent her to several expensive training
programs to help her career. Sara has been offered a job at a competitor that would increase her salary by $10,000.
Though accepting the new job would seem to be an easy decision to make, Sara feels she should remain with Midwest.
Her commitment to Midwest is a good example of:
a. affective commitment
b. continuance commitment
c. normative commitment
d. volitional commitment
ANSWER: c

5. According to research, an employee's job satisfaction level is consistent:

a. across time but not jobs
b. across jobs but not time
c. across neither time nor jobs
d. across both time and jobs
ANSWER: d

6. Research indicates that about ___ percent of job satisfaction is genetically determined.
a. 5
b. 30
c. 60 percent
d. 90
ANSWER: b
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7. Which of the following is not a component of a core self-evaluation?
a. Self-monitoring
b. Self-esteem
c. Self-efficacy
d. Locus of control
ANSWER: a

8. People prone to be satisfied with their jobs have:

a. an external locus of control
b. low self-efficacy
c. high self-esteem
d. all three of these characteristics
ANSWER: c

9. According to Judge and Watanabe (1994), job satisfaction and life satisfaction are:
a. related for some people
b. not related
c. related for most people
d. related for everyone
ANSWER: c

10. Juan has an internal locus of control and a high self-esteem. We would predict that he would be:
a. dissatisfied with his job and life
b. satisfied with his job but not life
c. satisfied with life but not his job
d. satisfied with both his life and job
ANSWER: d

11. Clay is very intelligent and Joshua is not very bright. On the basis of the meta-analysis by Griffeth, Hom, and Gaertner
(2000), we would expect Clay to be _________ with his job and Joshua to be ______ satisfied with his job.
a. dissatisfied / satisfied
b. satisfied / dissatisfied
c. satisfied / satisfied
d. intelligence is not related to job satisfaction
ANSWER: d

12. Reuben had certain expectations about his new job and his new company. After three months on the job, Reuben
realized that the reality of the job and the organization were different from his expectations. Reuben is likely to be:
a. less satisfied and less committed but will stay with the organization
b. less satisfied and less committed and will probably leave the organization
c. satisfied but not committed and will stay with the organization
d. satisfied and committed and will stay with the organization
ANSWER: b

13. The extent to which the rewards, salary, and benefits received by employees are perceived to be consistent with their
efforts and performance is called ______ fit.

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 a. needs-supplies
b. person-organization
c. demands-abilities
d. needs-abilities
ANSWER: a

14. Which of the following types of “fit” is NOT related to increased job satisfaction?
a. needs-supplies
b. person-organization
c. demands-abilities
d. All three result in increased job satisfaction
ANSWER: d

15. Social information processing theory focuses on:

a. reinforcement of behavior
b. modeling of behavior
c. employee needs
d. self esteem
ANSWER: b

16. Woo-jin is normally a very satisfied employee. However, all the other employees at Surrette
Manufacturing constantly complain. After a month, Woo-jin starts to complain. What theory would explain this change?
a. Social learning
b. Discrepancy
c. Maslow
d. Two-factor
ANSWER: a

17. According to ____ "new" employees who work with highly satisfied "old" employees are more likely to be highly
satisfied themselves.
a. individual differences theory
b. McClelland's needs theory
c. consistency theory
d. social information processing theory
ANSWER: d

18. Sally is angry about a promotion decision. Though she is not sure that she was the best candidate, she feels that she
never really got the chance to demonstrate her skills. Sally's dissatisfaction is consistent with research on:
a. distributive equity
b. procedural consistency
c. distributive justice
d. procedural justice
ANSWER: d

19. Janice is angry about a promotion decision. She is convinced that she was the best candidate and can't believe she
wasn't offered the job. Janice's dissatisfaction is consistent with research on:
a. distributive equity

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 b. procedural consistency
c. distributive justice
d. procedural justice
ANSWER: c

20. Two employees are performing the same job and are required to meet the same standards; however, one employee
makes $2 per hour more for the job. According to which theory will the lower paid employee be unsatisfied because he
feels he is being treated unfairly in comparison to his coworker?
a. McClelland's needs theory
b. Equity theory
c. Expectancy theory
d. Consistency theory
ANSWER: b

21. An employee determines if she is being treated equitably by ____ weighing the _____ inputs and outputs associated
with herself and other employees.
a. consciously / actual
b. consciously/ perceived
c. subconsciously / perceived
d. subconsciously / actual
ANSWER: c

22. With _______ employees are given more tasks to do at one time, whereas _____ means that an employee performs the
same number of tasks at one particular time and then moves on to other tasks for a specified time.
a. job enlargement / job rotation
b. job rotation / job enlargement
c. job enlargement / job enrichment
d. job enrichment / job rotation
ANSWER: a

23. Job rotation, job enlargement, and job enrichment attempt to satisfy needs at which level?
a. Self-actualization needs
b. Safety needs
c. Social needs
d. Ego needs
ANSWER: a

24. Job ____ refers to giving an employee more tasks to do at one time; job _____ refers to giving an employee the same
number of tasks to perform at any one time but different tasks from time to time; job _____ refers to giving employees
more responsibility for performing their jobs.
a. enlargement / rotation / enrichment
b. rotation / enlargement / enrichment
c. enrichment / rotation / enlargement
d. enrichment / enlargement / rotation
ANSWER: a

25. Which theory hypothesizes that enriched jobs are the most satisfying?
a. ERG
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 b. Job characteristics model
c. Two-factor
d. Equity
ANSWER: b

26. The job characteristics model focuses on:

a. equity
b. consistency
c. locus of control
d. job enrichment
ANSWER: d

27. The Job Diagnostic Survey measures:

a. job satisfaction
b. job enrichment
c. equity
d. self-esteem
ANSWER: b

28. Allowing employees to make decisions about their jobs:

a. increases job satisfaction
b. reduces turnover
c. decreases absenteeism
d. Increased decision making does all three
ANSWER: d

29. Carole’s organization brought in a consultant who suggested that her company increase the level of job enrichment for
her position. On the basis of research, this change should result in Carole:
a. being more satisfied
b. being less likely to leave the company
c. being less likely to miss work
d. being all three of the above
ANSWER: d

30. If you were to develop a test to determine who would be most satisfied with their jobs, you would probably develop a
test that would identify people with a high level of:
a. internal locus of control
b. Type B personality
c. introversion
d. social mistrust
ANSWER: a

31. Which of the following is most likely to be satisfied with their jobs?
a. Men
b. Older workers
c. African Americans
d. Women
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ANSWER: b

32. Which of the following is NOT a measurement for job satisfaction?

a. JDI
b. MSQ
c. JIG
d. ERG
ANSWER: d

33. Which of the following measures of job satisfaction has the most number of factors?
a. Faces Scale
b. JDI
c. JIG
d. MSQ
ANSWER: d

34. An organization interested in measuring the overall satisfaction level of its employees rather than the employees’
satisfaction with several job facets would probably use the _____ to measure satisfaction.
a. Nagy Job Satisfaction Scale
b. Job Descriptive Index
c. Job in General Scale
d. Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire
ANSWER: c

35. Which job satisfaction scale asks employees to rate the importance of a facet as well as their level of satisfaction with
the facet?
a. Nagy Job Satisfaction Scale
b. Job Descriptive Index
c. Job in General Scale
d. Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire
ANSWER: a

36. Approximately how many days of work does the average American miss each year?
a. None
b. 4 days
c. 10 days
d. 15 days
ANSWER: b

37. Which of the following is true regarding international comparisons of employee absenteeism?
a. Absenteeism rates are almost identical for all countries
b. The Unites States has one of the highest absenteeism rates in the world
c. Sweden has the lowest absenteeism rate of any country
d. There are large differences in absenteeism rates across countries
ANSWER: d

38. According to a meta-analysis by Griffeth and his colleagues (2000), absenteeism and turnover are:
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 a. moderately correlated (r = .21)
b. highly correlated (r = .76)
c. not really related (r = .03)
d. almost perfectly correlated (r = .95)
ANSWER: a

39. Approximately what percent of employee absenteeism is due to illness?

a. Almost none (5%)
b. Some (34%)
c. Most (67%)
d. Almost all (96%)
ANSWER: b

40. Which of the following is the biggest reason that employees miss work?
a. Illness
b. Stress
c. Personal needs
d. Family issues
ANSWER: a

41. According to meta-analyses, which of the following is the most effective way to reduce absenteeism?
a. Games
b. Wellness programs
c. Well pay
d. Discipline
ANSWER: c

42. You have been asked to develop a program to reduce absenteeism in your organization. According to a meta-analyses,
______ would be the most effective method and _____ the least effective.
a. games / wellness programs
b. well pay / games
c. wellness programs / discipline
d. discipline / well pay
ANSWER: b

43. Tavris Manufacturing gives its employees 10 vacation days, 3 personal days, and 11 holidays, and 5 paid sick days per
year. Edmunds Industries gives its employees 29 days of paid time off for any reason in which the employee chooses to
use them. Edmunds Industries is using a ______ program.
a. wellness
b. flextime
c. well pay
d. PTO
ANSWER: d

44. ____ of employees think their attendance record is better than their coworkers.
a. 25%
b. 90%
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 c. 50%
d. 10%
ANSWER: b

45. To help employees cope with stress and personal problems, ______ employers provide employee assistance programs
(EAPs).
a. very few (5%)
b. some (36%)
c. most (74%)
d. almost all (92%)
ANSWER: c

46. According to the CCH Survey of Absenteeism Control Policies, ______ is the most commonly used policy but _____
is the policy rated by HR managers as being most effective.
a. bonus program / recognition
b. disciplinary action / recognition
c. recognition / paid leave bank
d. disciplinary action / paid leave bank
ANSWER: d

47. According to the 2014 SHRM Benefits Survey, the most common type of wellness program offered by employers is:
a. on-site vaccinations
b. on-site medical care
c. smoking cessation programs
d. on-site fitness centers
ANSWER: a

48. According to two meta-analyses, if an organization developed a worksite fitness program, it could expect _____ in
employee absenteeism.
a. a small increase
b. a large decrease
c. a small decrease
d. no change
ANSWER: c

49. Which of the following is true about employee absenteeism?

a. Most employees miss about the same number of days of work
b. There is really no effective way to reduce absenteeism
c. A relatively small number of employees are responsible for most of the unavoidable absenteeism
d. All three are true
ANSWER: c

50. You would like to hire employees who will not miss work. Your best bet would be to hire applicants who score high
on the personality dimension of:
a. conscientiousness
b. extroversion
c. agreeableness

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 d. neuroticism
ANSWER: a

51. Approximately ____ of employees change jobs each month.

a. 9%
b. 2%
c. 20%
d. 17%
ANSWER: b

52. The cost to replace an employee who leaves is approximately:

a. $1,000
b. three months of pay
c. 1.5 times their annual salary
d. $150 in recruitment costs
ANSWER: c

53. Considering a good person-organization fit might reduce turnover that is caused by:
a. unavoidable reasons
b. unmet expectations
c. escape
d. unmet needs
ANSWER: d

54. Realistic job previews might reduce turnover that is caused by:
a. unavoidable reasons
b. unmet expectations
c. escape
d. unmet needs
ANSWER: b

55. Andrea conducted interviews of employees who quit their jobs with her company. She found that the biggest reason
employees were leaving is that they couldn’t handle the stress associated with conflicts with other employees. To reduce
future turnover, Andrea should develop:
a. a mediation program
b. a realistic job preview
c. a test of person-organization fit
d. more opportunities for advancement
ANSWER: a

Objective Short Answer

56. What works behaviors is job satisfaction correlated with?

ANSWER: • Attendance
• Turnover
• Commitment
• Performance
• Motivation
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 • Organizational citizenship behaviors

57. What are the four factors that make up a person's core evaluation
ANSWER:  self-esteem
 locus of control
 self-efficacy
 affectivity

58. What causes employees to be satisfied with their jobs?

ANSWER:  Individual differences
 Met expectations
 Enjoyable tasks
 Enjoyable supervisors and coworkers
 Outwardly happy coworkers
 Equity in distributing rewards and resources
 A change for challenge and growth

59. What are three ways to increase growth and challenge in a job?
ANSWER:  job rotation
 job enlargement
 job enrichment

60. What are five scales used to measure job satisfaction?

ANSWER:  Faces Scale
 Job Descriptive Index (JDI)
 Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ)
 Job in General Scale (JIG)
 Nagy Job Satisfaction Scale

61. What are some strategies for increasing attendance?

ANSWER:  Linking attendance to consequences (financial incentives, time off, recognition, discipline)
 Reducing employee stress (remove negative factors, add EAPs)
 Reducing illness (wellness programs, fitness programs)
 Not hiring absence prone employees

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