Solution

GRADE 10 HUMAN EYE & LIGHT MOCK PAPER

Class 10 - Science
Section A
1.
(b) 1.6244
Explanation: 1.6244
2.
(d) 25 cm
Explanation: Radius of curvature R = 2f
R = 2 × 12.5 = 25 cm
3. (a) substance S
Explanation: substance S
4.
(d) 16 cm
Explanation: Radius of curvature, R = 32cm
Focal length, f = ?
We know that,
R
f= 2
32
f= 2
= 16cm
5.
(c) All of these
Explanation: The focal length of the convex lens depends on the refractive index and radius of the surface (curvature) mainly.
The color of the light passing through the lens is not a major factor but still, it counts.
6.
(d) 10 cm
Explanation: 10 cm
7.
(b) The person can read letters from 6 m which the normal eye can read from 9 m
Explanation: The person can read letters from 6 m which the normal eye can read from 9 m
8.
(b) Short-sightedness or myopia
Explanation: Short-sightedness or myopia
9.
(d) Refraction
Explanation: Refraction
10.
(d) The band of 7 colours.
Explanation: When a white light is passed through a prism it gets split into combination of seven colours which is known as
the spectrum. The colors of the spectrum of white light are those seen in a rainbow. They are usually named in order as: red,
orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet.
11. (a) Figure (ii)
Explanation: Out of the following orientations, figure (ii) represents the case in which, after dispersion, the third colour from

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 the top is blue i.e. colour of the sky.

12. (a) Combined effect of dispersion, refraction and reflection.

Explanation: Rainbow is an example of the dispersion of sunlight by the water drops in the atmosphere. This is a phenomenon
due to combined effect of dispersion, refraction and reflection of sunlight by spherical water droplets of rain.
Section B
13. u= -12cm
m= -4
v= ?
−v
= −4
u

v= 4u
v= 4(-12)
v= -48cm
14. The refractive index of diamond is 2.42. It means that for a light ray travelling in air and entering in diamond, its speed is slowed
and becomes times that in air.
2.24
1

15. Since lens is convex, therefore/is positive.

Given: u = - 20 cm, f = + 12 cm, h = 3 cm, v= ?, h' = ?
Using lens formula
1 1 1
− =
v u f

We have, 1

v
−
−2012
1
=
1

12

1 1 1
+ =
v 20 12
1 1 1
= −
v 12 20

1 5−3 1
= =
v 60 30

v = 30 cm
Since ‘V’ is positive, the image is located on the other side of the lens.
+30
m= v

u
=
−20

= -1.5
Since m is negative and greater than 1, the image is real, inverted and larger than the object.
′ ′

m= h

h
= −1.5 =
h

or h' = -4.5 cm
Thus the image is 30 cm from the convex lens, located on the other side of the lens. It is real, inverted and 4.5 cm high.
16. He will have to move the screen towards the lens to get a sharp image of the object on it again. Magnification of the image
decreases.
17. The eye lens is composed of fibrous, jelly-like material. To see closure and distant object, its focal length can be changed to a
certain extent by contraction and relaxation of ciliary muscles. The ability of the eye lens to adjust its focal length by contracting
and relaxing its ciliary muscles is called accommodation. To see closer objects, ciliary muscles, must decrease the focal length of
the eye lens. However, the focal length of the eye lens cannot be decreased below a certain minimum limit. To see an object
comfortably and distinctly, the distance of an object should be at least 25 cm from the eyes. Due to this, a normal eye is not able to
see clearly the objects placed closer than 25 cm. This distance at which objects can be seen is clearly, is called the least distance of
distinct vision or the near point of the eye.
18. The minimum distance, at which objects can be seen most distinctly without strain, is called the least distance of distinct vision. It
is also called the near point of the eye. For a young adult with normal vision, the near point is about 25 cm.
The farthest point up to which the eye can see objects clearly is called the far point of the eye. It is infinity for a normal eye. A
normal eye can see objects clearly that are between 25 cm and infinity.
19. Here u = - 20 cm., v = - 50 cm., f = ?
−2+5 3 100
Using 1

f
=
1

v
−
1

u
, we have 1

f
= −
1

50
−
1

(−20)
= −
1

50
+
1

20
=
100
=
100
or f = + 3
= 33.3 cm = +0.333m

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 P =
1

f
=
1

+0.333
or P = +3D
He should use converging lense of power 3D.
20. A person is said to have developed cataract when the eye lens becomes progressively cloudy resulting in blurred vision. The
vision of a person having cataract can be restored after getting surgery done on the eye having cataract. The opaque lens is
removed from the eye by surgical operation and a new artificial lens is inserted in its place.
Section C

21. Convex Lens Concave Lens

1. It is a thicker at the center than at the edges. 1. It is thinner at the center than at the edges.
2. Is has real Focus. 2. It has virtual focus.
3. It converges a parallel beam of light on reflection through it. 3. It diverges a parallel beam of light on refraction through it.

4. 4.

22. i. a) Shaving mirror- Concave mirror

b) Rear view mirror - Convex mirror
c) Reflection in search-lights - Concave mirror.
ii. The three differences are:
a) Real image can be obtained on screen but a virtual image cannot be obtained.
b) Reflected/Refracted rays actually meet where the real image is formed while for virtual they only appear to meet.
c) A Real image is always inverted while the virtual image is always erect.
23. 1. Functions of following parts of human eye are given below :
1. Cornea - It is a thin membrane which provides 67% of the eye's focussing power.
2. Iris - It controls amount of light entering the eye by controlling the size of pupil similar to the aperture of a camera which
has capacity to decrease or increase the amount of light entering eye.
3. Crystalline lens - It helps to focus light on retina for image formation.
4. Ciliary muscles - It contracts and relax in order to change the lens shape for focussing image at retina. when it contracts
the lens become thicker and when it relaxes the lens become flat.
2. 1. The objective of organising such compaigns is to guide, educate and help those people who are suffering from corneal
blindness that they can be cured by corneal replacement surgery.
2. 1. Come to participate in this campaign because, if someone get his vision through your eyes, it is an incredible help.
2. As eye is one of the most valuable sense organs through which an individual can achieve so many things in his/her life,
so try to realise the situation that these people are sufferinng from.
3. The persons who actively participate and contribute in such programme are strong hearted and very much helpful for the
people living in such situations.

24.

i. The phenomenon of splitting of white light into its constituent colours is called dipersion of light. It is caused due to difference
in speed of constituent colours of light travel in the medium other than air/vacuum because of different speed they bend at
different angles.
ii. In nature, this Phenomenon is observed in formation of rainbow where all the seven colours constituting white light is visible.
iii. Based on phenomenon of dispersion, we can conclude that
a. White light consists of seven colours. Violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red.
b. Violet light suffers maximum deviation and red light suffers minimum deviation.
Section D
25. i. The distance between the focus and optical centre of lens is called focal length of lens.

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 ii. Given
f =-30 cm, v= -15 cm, u=?, h0 =5cm
1 1 1 1 1 1
= − ⇒ − = − − ( ) ⇒ u = −30 cm
f v u 30 15 u

hi
∴ m= v

u
=
h0
15 hi 5
⇒ = ⇒ hi = ⇒ hi = 2.5cm
30 5 2

iii.

26. Human eye is the most remarkable and most delicate optical instrument.
Though in principle, it is similar to a photographic camera, it is far most delicate and perfect than the finest camera ever designed
by human ingenuity.
Structure : The human eye consists of nearly spherical ball of about 2.5 cm diameter. Its outermost coating is made of a tough and
opaque white substance known as SCLEROTIC. Sclerotic preserve the shape of eye and protects it against external injury.

Front portion of sclerotic is transparent and slightly bulged outwards and known as CORNEA.
There is a layer of black tissues, below sclerotic and is called CHOROID. It serves to absorb any stray light and thus avoids
blurring of the image by reflection from the eye-ball.
In font of eye, choroids merge into a coloured diaphragm known as iris which a hole in the middle called PUPIL. When we refer
to the colour of eyes of a person, we refer to the colour of iris of the person. This iris corresponds to the stop in the camera. By
means of involuntary muscle control, it regulates the amount of light entering the eye. In strong light, the pupil contracts so as to
admit less light whereas in dim light, it expands so as to admit as much light as required.
Behind iris is a crystalline lens with jelly-like layers. The lens is held in position with the help of ciliary muscles. The lens divides
the eye ball into two chambers – the front chamber called anterior chamber and other between lens and the retina called posterior
chamber. Anterior chamber is filled with a fluid called aqueous humour while the posterior chamber is filled with a jelly like
substance called vitreous humour.
The innermost coating of the eye, covering the rear of inner surface, is a very delicate membrane called the retina. It is richly
supplied with blood vessels and nerve fibres and serves as a light-sensitive screen to receive the image. The sensation of vision in
the retina is carried to the brain by a nerve called optic nerve. The most sensitive part of retina is known as the yellow spot. It is a
slightly raised portion with a slight depression known as the fovea centralis. The point where the optic nerve enters the eye is
totally insensitive to light and is known as the blind spot.
Eye Lids are provided to control the amount of light falling on the eye. Lids also protect the eyes from dust etc.
How does the eye focus: In eye, the distance between lens and the retina remains the same, while crystalline lens automatically
changes its focal length by changing its curvature due to pull or push of ciliary muscles according to the distance of the object so
as to bring the image to a sharp focus upon the retina. While seeing the far objects such as distant tree, the eye lens becomes
thinner and flatter so as to increase its focal length. To see the objects close to the eyes, such as printed page, the lens becomes
thicker so as to decrease its focal length. The process by which the eye can adapt itself to see objects at different distances is
called accommodation.
Range of vision : The most distant point upto which a fully relaxed eye can see is called the far point. For normal eye, far point is

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infinity. The point at the shortest distance from the eye upto which the eye can accommodate itself and therefore, can see clearly is
known as the near point. It is about 15 cm for a normal eye. The distance between far and near points is called range of vision or
accommodation. Within the range of vision, there is a certain distance where the object is most clearly seen. The distance for a
normal eye is about 25 cm and is known as the least distance of distinct vision.
Persistence of vision: Time for which the impression of the object seen by the eye remains on the retina even after the removal of
the object is called the persistence of vision.

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