Aspecn02 Modules 1-3

AN INTRODUCTION TO
COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT
M.V. ABUAN
MODULE 1
what is COMMUNITY
ARCHITECTURE?
COMMUNITY + ARCHITECTURE
group of people in a art and science of
common settlement designing and
with particular constructing buildings
characteristics in
common
Building communities
Planning communities
Creating communities
Community Planning
Planning carried out with the ACTIVE
PARTICIPATION of the end user
Source: www.communityplanning.net
Elements of a Community
• Group of People
• Definite Locality
• Community Sentiment
• Naturality
• Permanence
• Similarity
• Wider Ends
• Organized Social Life
• Particular Name
• No Legal Status
• Size
• Concrete Nature
• Distinguishable
PRINCIPLES OF A GOOD COMMUNITY
DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT
VALUE OF URBAN DESIGN and
COMMUNITY ARCHITETURE
ECONOMIC PHYSICAL & SOCIO-CULTURAL PERSONAL
ENVIRONMENTAL
• Urban growth • Environmental • Community • Sense of place
and sustainability growth and
development development • Accountability
• Open and built
• Long term environment • Sense of • Belongingness
cost benefits balance community
• Economic • Interconnection • Civic pride

stability
• Change • Safety and
adaptability security
• Heritage
Community Sectors
• Social
• Economic
• Infrastructure
• Institutional
• Environmental
“DESIGN FOR THE PEOPLE,
BY THE PEOPLE”
COMMUNITY PLANNING
TOOLS AND METHODS
MV Abuan
ASPECN 2 MODULE 2
Tools and Methods
Community Planning Projects
Case Studies
Tools and Methods
Tools and Methods ASSESSMENT PHASE
Tools and Methods ENGAGEMENT PHASE
IMPLEMENTATION
PHASE
Tools and Methods
Tools and Methods
PARTICIPATION TECHNIQUES
Survey
Tools and Methods
Community Visioning
Charrettes, Workshops
Public Meeting
Public Hearing
Focus Group Discussions
Tools and Methods
Tools and Methods
Tools and Methods
Tools and Methods EVALUATION TECHNIQUES
Planning Balance Sheet

Goals Achievement Matrix
SWOT Analysis
DPSIR Analysis
SWOT Analysis Technique
• An assessment of the present conditions,
characteristics, and current state.
• Strengths & Weaknesses = internal attributes
Tools and Methods
• Opportunities & Threats = external conditions
• 4 types of strategies: SO, WO, ST, WT strategies.

– How can we Use and Capitalize on each Strength?
– How can we Improve each Weakness?
– How can we Exploit and Benefit from each
Opportunity?
– How can we Mitigate each Threat?
• Involves making subjective judgments based on

objective information.
Tools and Methods
Tools and Methods
TOPICS IN COMMUNITY PLANNING
• Infrastructure and Facilities •Education and Training

• Children and Families • Business and Employment
• Youth and Senior Citizens • Primary Industry
• Community Services • Sports and Recreation
• Community Safety • Arts, Culture and Heritage
• Accessibility • Health and Well-Being
• Indigenous People • Environment
• Revitalization • Sustainability
• Urban Design • Disaster Management
• Public Spaces
Pruitt – Igoe Housing Development

CASE STUDY:
PLANNING STUDY / INNER CITY
REGENERATION / HISTORIC URBAN
LANDSCAPE
SOCIAL SECTOR OF THE
COMMUNITY
M.V. ABUAN
ASPECN 2_ Module 3
WHO IS THE SOCIAL SECTOR?
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
(1943)
SOCIAL FACTORS
• Demographics (age, gender, etc.)

• Ethics & Religion
• Education
• Cultural Conventions
• Attitude and Beliefs
SENSE OF COMMUNITY EXERCISE
WHAT IS SENSE OF COMMUNITY?
SENSE OF COMMUNITY
Feeling that members have of belonging, a

feeling that members matter to one another
and to the group, and a shared faith that
members' needs will be met through
their commitment to be together
ELEMENTS OF SENSE OF COMMUNITY
Influence
Integration
Membership Of
Needs
Emotional
Connection
SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY
SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY
SENSE OF PLACE
ISSUES IN THE SOCIAL SECTOR:
• Poverty and distribution of wealth
• Crime
• Social injustice and segregation
• Equality, racism and discrimination

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Aspecn02 Modules 1-3

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AN INTRODUCTION TO

• Economic • Interconnection • Civic pride

Community Planning Projects

Planning Balance Sheet

• Opportunities & Threats = external conditions

• 4 types of strategies: SO, WO, ST, WT strategies.

• Involves making subjective judgments based on

• Infrastructure and Facilities •Education and Training

Pruitt – Igoe Housing Development

• Demographics (age, gender, etc.)

Feeling that members have of belonging, a

• Poverty and distribution of wealth

• Social injustice and segregation

• Equality, racism and discrimination

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