Trigonometry

Geometry

Topics to
be Algebra
covered

Worked Out Examples

1. TRIGONOMETRY
Angle and its units
 Worked out Example

Convert following angles from degree to radians →

(1) 120° = ……………….. radians

(2) 135° = ……………….. radians

Worked out Example

Convert following angles from radians to degree →

(1) 5/6 = ……………….. radians

(2) /12 = ……………….. radians

Trigonometric Ratios
The holy table

0° 30° = /6 45° = /4 60° = /3 90° = /2

sin 
cos 
tan 
cot 
sec 
cosec 
Quadrant Rule
 Worked out Example

Find values of following →

(1) cos 120°

(2) sin 150°

Worked out Example

Find values of following →

(1) tan 5/4

(2) sin 4/3

 Facts to remember

(1) –1  sin  –1 and –1  cos  –1

(2) (–, –1) cosec, sec (1, )

–1 n = odd
(3) sin n = 0 cos n
1 n = even
(4) –  tan, cot  +

(5) In 1st Quadrant

(a) sin, tan are increasing functions
(b) cos is decreasing functions
 Small angle approximation

If  is very small then

tan  

sin  

cos  1
 Useful trigonometric identities

(1) sin2 + cos2 = 1

(2) 1 + tan2 = sec2

(3) 1 + cot2 = cosec2

 Useful trigonometric identities

(4) sin (A + B) = sin A cos B + cos A sin B

(5) Sin (A +B) = sin A cos B – cos A sin B

 Useful trigonometric identities

(6) cos (A + B) = cos (A) cos (B) – sin (A) sin (B)

(7) cos (A – B) = cos (A) cos (B) + sin (A) sin (B)

tanA + tanB
(8) tan (A + B) =
1 – tanA tanB

tanA – tanB
(9) tan (A – B) =
1 + tanA tanB
 Useful trigonometric identities
(10) sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A

(11) cos 2A = cos2A – sin2A

(12) cos 2A = 2cos2 A – 1

(13) cos 2A = 1 – 2sin2A

2tanA
(14) tan2A =
1–tan2 A
2. ALGEBRA
Arithmetic Progression
Worked Out Example

Find sum of N natural numbers?

 Worked Out Example

Find sum of N odd numbers?

Geometric Progression
Worked Out Example
1 1 1 1
Find 1 + + + + +. . . . . . . . . Conterms = ?
2 4 8 16
 Worked Out Example
1 1 1 1
Find 1– + + + –......... Conterms = ?
3 9 27 81
Quadratic Equation
Worked Out Example

Find sum of rots & product of roots of the following equation →

3x2 – 4x + 6 =0
 Binomial Approximation

If x << 1 then (1  x)n  1  nx

Ex. (0.095)1/5 = ………………..

3. GEOMETRY
 Facts About Triangles

(1) Area of a triangle = 1/2 × Base × height

(2) Equilateral triangle →

(a) distance from vertex to centre →
(b) Height
(c) Area 60°

60° 60°
Facts About Quadrilateral

(1) Trapezium a
Area = 1/2 × (a + b) × h
h

(2) Parallelogram

a h
Area = Base × height

b
 Facts About Quadrilateral

(3) Rhombus

a h Area = base × height

(4) Rectangle
h Area = b × h

b
 Facts About Quadrilateral

(5) Square

a
Facts About Circle

Circle
Facts About Sphere

Sphere
Facts About cube
Facts About Cylinder
Facts About Cone