BIOLOGY

(a) Geology (b) Ecology

1. Major Branches of Biology
1. The term 'sericulture' is related to which of the
following?
(a) Fish farming (b) Silk farming
(c) Bird farming (d) Bee farming
RRB NTPC 28.12.2020 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) The term 'sericulture' is related to silk farming.
Pisciculture → Fish farming
Apiculture → Bee keeping
Aviculture → Bird keeping
2. Which of the following terms best describes the
biological study of animal behaviour?
(a) Etiology (b) Ethnology
(c) Entomology (d) Ethology
RRB NTPC 12.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Ethology is the study of animal behavior.
Entomology is the scientific study of insects. Etiology
is the scientific study of causes of disease. Ethnology is
the comparative study of two or more cultures.
3. The cultivation of high value crops such as
vegetables, fruits and flowers is called_____.
(a) Sericulture (b) Pisciculture
(c) Apiculture (d) Horticulture
RRB NTPC 09.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Horticulture is the branch of science in which
we deal about plant agriculture dealing with garden
crops, generally fruits, vegetables and ornamental
plants. Horticulture is divided into the cultivation of
plants for food (pomology and olericulture) and plant
for ornament (floriculture and landscape horticulture).
4. The study of cells is called ________.
(a) Serology (b) Cytoplasm
(c) Cytology (d) Etiology
RRB NTPC 08.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) : The study of cells is known as Cytology.
Serology → It is the scientific study of serum and other
body fluids.
5. Viticulture is :
(a) Vegetable cultivation (b) Mango cultivation
(c) Grape cultivation (d) Flower cultivation
RRB NTPC 11.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Viticulture is the cultivation of grapes.
Vegetable cultivation → Olericulture
Cultivation of flowers → Floriculture
6. The science that deals with the relationship of
various organisms with their environment is
known as–
(c) Anthropology (d) Cytology
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III)
RRB JE CBT-II 31.08.2019 IInd Shift
Ans : (b) Ecology is the branch of science that deals
with the study of interaction between organisms and
their environments.
7. The study of hematology is related to ……….
(a) Plant reproductive system
(b) Blood
(c) Food habits of animals
(d) Bones
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans. (b) The study of hematology is related to blood.
The study of bones is called Osteology.
8. What is Morphology?
(a) Study of insects
(b) Study of human development
(c) Study of the shape, structure and specific
structural properties of the organism
(d) Study of interdependence of organism and
environment
RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-08, Green paper)
Ans. (c) Morphology is the branch of biology, under
which the shape, structure and specific structural
properties of an organism are studied.
9. Which of the following study related to
human?
(a) Archaeology (b) Archeology
(c) Anthropology (d) Andrology
RRB NTPC 10.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Anthropology is the systematic study of
humanity, through this branch we understand our
evolutionary origin, our distinctiveness as a species, and
the great diversity in our forms of social existence
across the world and through time. The focus of
anthropology is on understanding of the both, our
shared humanity and diversity, and engaging with
diverse ways of being in the world.
10. The study of fertilization, development,
division and variation is known as:
(a) Embryology (b) Physiology
(c) Genetics (d) Evolution
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) Embryology is the branch of biology that
deals with prenatal development of gametes (sex cells),
fertilization, and development of embryos and fetuses.
Physiology is a biological science that deals with the
functions and activities of life or of living matter (such
as organs, tissues, or cells) and of the physical and
chemical phenomena involved. Genetics is the branch
of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic
variations and heredity in organisms.
11. Which branch of zoology is closely related to
the study of sociology of human race?
(a) Embryology (b) Zoogeography
(c) Physiology (d) Anthropology
RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) Anthropology is the branch of Zoology
closely related to the study of sociology of human
race.
Zoogeography is a branch of biogeography
concerned with the geographic distribution of
animals and especially with the determination of the
areas characterized by specific groups of animals
and the study of the causes and significance of such
groups.
12. The study of diseases in plants and the way in
which plants resist or cope with infection is
called:
(a) Pathology
(b) Physiology
(c) Phytopathology
(d) Photomorphogenesis
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Phytopathology or plant pathology is the
science of diagnosing and managing plant diseases.
13. Under which branch of soil science is the study
of the effect of soil on living things?
(a) Andrology (b) Edaphology
(c) Agrobiology (d) Desmology
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) Edaphology → Study of the effect of soil on
living things
Agrobiology → Study of soil science in plant nutrition
and its application to crop production.
Desmology → Branch of anatomy which concerns
ligaments.
14. Which of the following is the branch of
physiology and medicine that deals with
specific diseases and conditions of men?
(a) Andrology (b) Astacology
(c) Bioecology (b) Desmology
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) Andrology → Study of infertility and sexual
diseases in men.
Bio-ecology → Study of the relationship among
different living organisms and their natural
environment.
Astacology → Study of crayfish.
15. Which of the following disciplines of medical
science is related to treatment and study of
liver?
(a) Helcology (b) Hepatology
(c) Heterology (d) Geriatrics
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans: (b) Hepatology is the branch of medicine
concerned with the study, prevention, diagnosis and
management of diseases that affect the liver,
gallbladder, biliary tract and pancreas.
Helcology is the study that deals with pathology, and
treatment of ulcers.
Heterology is the science that studies living organism's
dissimilarity, the lack of correspondence of apparently
similar body parts.
Geriatrics is the branch of medicine or social science
dealing with health and care of old people.
16. What is the branch of biology related to the
classification of organisms?
(a) Taxonomy (b) Nothology
(c) Anatomy (d) Limnology
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) Taxonomy is the branch of biology related to
the classification of organisms. It is basically related to
Biodiversity. It classifies organisms including all plants
and micro organisms of the world. It was developed by
the Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus in 1735, in his
book 'Systema Naturae’. Linnaeus invented binomial
nomenclature, the system of giving each type
of organism a genus and species name. In this system,
each species is assigned a two-part name; first part of the
name of each animal represents genus and second word
denotes species epithet.
Anatomy is the branch of science concerned with the
bodily structure of humans and animals.
Limnology is the study of inland aquatic ecosystems.
17. Taxonomy is basically related to ……….
(a) Biodiversity
(b) Tax structure
(c) A branch of astronomy
(d) Study of human behavior
RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) See the explanation of above question.
18. Zoology is the study of :
(a) Energy (b) Fruit
(c) Viruses (d) Animals
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) Zoology is the study of animals.
19. What is a branch of science that deals with life
or the possibilities of life beyond the earth?
(a) Entomology (b) Exobiology
(c) Mycology (d) Paleontology
RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Exobiology is the branch of science that deals
with the possibilities of life that exist beyond earth.
Insects are studied under the Entomology. Under
Mycology, fungi are studied and under Paleontology, the
fossils of animals and plants are studied.
20. ......... is a study of the behavior of elements and
human-like species such as monkeys, apes,
forest animals, etc.
(a) Anthropology (b) Ethnobotany
(c) Primatology (d) Apiology
RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans: (c) Primatology is the study of the behavior of
human like species such as monkeys, apes, forest animals
etc. Ethnobotany involves the indigenous knowledge of
plant's classification, cultivation, and use as food, medicine
and shelter. Anthropology is the branch of zoology closely
related to the study of sociology of human race. Apiology
is scientific study of honeybee.
21. Which of the following is a study of spiders?
(a) Arachnology (b) Anthropology
(c) Apiology (d) Cynology
RRB NTPC 09.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Arachnology →Study of spiders (Arachnids)
Anthropology→ Study of human culture or civilization
Apiology → Study of Honeybees
Cynology → Study of canines or domestic dogs
22. Saurology is the study of:
(a) Mosquito (b) Lizard
(c) Cockroach (d) Snake
RRB NTPC 10.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Saurology is the study of lizards.
23. ........... is a written document that draws from
research depicting an anthropological culture.
(a) Ethnography (b) Cultural Relativism
(c) Ethnosetrism (d) Ethnobotany
RRB NTPC 11.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Ethnography is the branch of anthropology
which provides systematic study of people and cultures.
It is designed to explore cultural phenomena where the
researcher looks at the society to observe the subject of
the study. Cultural relativism is the idea that a person's
beliefs, values and practices should be understood on
the basis of that person's own culture. Ethnobotany is
the scientific study of the traditional knowledge and
customs of a people concerning plants and their
medical, religious, and other uses.
24. What is the study of birds called?
(a) Entomology (b) Ornithology
(c) Birdology (d) Herpetology
RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (b)
Ornithology → Study of birds.
Entomology → Study of insects.
Herpetology → Study of amphibians and reptiles
25. The scientific study of the preserved remains
or signs of animals, plants and other animals of
ancient times is called :
(a) Anthropology (b) Archaeology
(c) Paleontology (d) Pharmacology
RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) The scientific study of the preserved remains
or signs of animals, plants and other creatures of ancient
times is called paleontology.
26. What is studied in botany?
(a) Human anatomy (b) Plants
(c) Pure mathematics (d) Human psychology
RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Plants are studied under botany. Botany is the
branch of biology that deals with study of plants,
including their structure, properties, and biochemical
processes.
27. Oncology is associated with the treatment of
which disease?
(a) Osteoporosis (b) Diabetes
(c) Cancer (d) Renal failure
RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans: (c) Oncology is associated with the treatment of
cancer. Osteoporosis is a condition that affects the
bones. Osteoporosis increases the size of spaces
between bones, causing the bone to lose strength and
density. Diabetes is a disease that occurs when blood
sugar level increases. Renal failure is a condition in
which the kidneys stop working and are not able to
remove waste and extra water from the blood or keep
body's chemicals in balance.
28. What is mycology?
(a) Study of bacteria (b) Study of mushroom
(c) Study of virus (d) Study of parasites
RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans: (b) Mycology is the study of fungi, their
relationships to each other and other organisms, and the
unique biochemistry which sets them apart from other
groups. Mushroom is a type of fungi. Study of bacteria is
known as Bacteriology. Study of virus is called
Virology. Parasitology is the study of parasites, their
hosts, and the relationship between them.
29. Mycology is related to the study of .............
(a) Human cells (b) Fungi
(c) Virus (c) Bacteria
RRB JE 28.06.2019 (Shift-IV)
Ans. (b) Mycology is the discipline of biology that
describes and studies a very vast group of organisms
denominated as fungi. This group contains around
90,000 species. Fungi are very variable, because they
include both macroscopic (such as mushrooms, truffles
and puffballs) and microscopic organisms. All of them
share some common characteristics. Study of virus is
called virology. The study of human cell is known as
cytology while study of bacteria is known as
bacteriology.
30. What is Oneirology studied?
(a) God (b) Dreams
(c) Sleep (d) Colour
RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Oneirology is the scientific study of dreams.
31. Sericulture related to:
(a) Bee keeping
(b) Growth of plants
(c) Silkworms cultivation
(d) Fisheries
RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) Sericulture is the process of cultivating
silkworms and extracting silk from them.
32. Toxicology is study of:
(a) Human behavior (b) Poison
(c) Soil erosion (d) Rock
RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Toxicology is the scientific study of adverse
effects that occur in living organisms due to chemicals.
It involves observing and reporting symptoms,
mechanisms, detection and treatments of toxic
substances, in particular relation to the poisoning of
humans.
33. What is the study of fossils called?
(a) Ethnology (b) Paleontology
(c) Classification (d) Ethnobotany
RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans: (b) The study of fossils is called Paleontology.
Fossils provide direct evidence of evolution. The
preserved remains of dead organisms which are found
safe on the earth's surfaces are called fossils.
34. Palaeontology deals with the study of ……….
(a) Bones (b) Fossils
(c) Rigid cells (d) Wings
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of above question.
35. What is the purpose of bio-systematics?
(a) Classification of organisms based on broad
morphological elements.
(b) Identification and arrangement of organisms
based on cytological characteristics.
(c) Limiting different classes of organisms and
establishing their relationships.
(d) Classification of organisms based on their
evolutionary history and the establishment of
their phylogeny on the totality of various
parameters from all fields of study.
RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans (d) Biosystematics aims to classify organisms from
all fields of study based on their evolutionary history
and the establishment of their phylogeny on the totality
of the standards. Basically, classification of living
substance is called taxonomy.
36. What is study of different types of tissues
called?
(a) Cell Biology (b) Cell Physiology
(c) Cytology (d) Histology
RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) The study of different types of tissues is
called histology.
37. What is Epidemiology?
(a) Study of the occurrence and spread of the
disease in a large population.
(b) Study of malnutrition in large population.
(c) Study of health care provisions for large
population.
(d) Study of diagnosis and symptoms of cholera
disease.
RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Epidemiology is the branch of medical
science that investigates all the factors that determine
the presence or absence of diseases and disorders.
Epidemic refers to an increase, often sudden, in the
number of cases of a disease above what is normally
expected in that population in that area. Outbreak
carries the same definition of epidemic, but is often
used for a more limited geographic area. Pandemic
refers to an epidemic that has spread over several
countries or continents, usually affecting a large number
of people.
2. Cell (Theories/Structures/Functions)
(i) Animal Cell
1. The smallest unit of the life capable of
independent existence is:
(a) Cell (b) Cytoplasm
(c) Vacuoles (d) Protoplasm
RRB NTPC 07.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) The smallest unit of an organism capable of
independent existence is the cell. Human beings and other
animals and plants have been created from the cell itself.
Without a cell the life of any organism is impossible. Cells
are found in all animals from amoeba to giant.
2. The jelly-like substance between the nucleus
and cell membrane is called_____ .
(a) Otic (b) Cytoplasm
(c) Amniotic (d) Pleural
RRB NTPC 21.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(b) Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance between
the nucleus and the cell membrane. The cytoplasm is
often colourless and is surrounded by the cell
membrane which keeps the contents within the cell.
3. What do we call the process of contraction of
the cell away from the cell wall due to water
loss?
(a) DE plasmolysis (b) Cytolysis
(c) Photosynthesis (d) Plasmolysis
RRB NTPC 14.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(d) The process in which water moves out of the
cell, and the cell membrane of a plant cell shrinks
away from its cell wall, is called Plasmolysis.
4. A single - celled fertilised egg is called a/an:
(a) Foetus (b) Embryo
(c) Blastocyte (d) Zygote
RRB NTPC 12.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(d) A single-celled fertilized egg is called a zygote.
It is significant that, zygote, fertilized egg cell, results
from the union of a female gamete (egg, or ovum) with
a male gamete (sperm).
5. Cytoplasm is a jelly-like fluid that is present
between:
(a) Nucleus and organelles
(b) Fats and tissues
(c) Nerves and cells
(d) Nucleus and cell membrane
RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(d) Cytoplasm is the jelly-like substance present
between the cell membrane and the nucleus. The
cytoplasm is an essential component of the cell. It is
mainly composed of water, salts, and proteins. Various
other components, or organelles, of the cell such as
endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria are located in
the cytoplasm.
6. _____ are known as the powerhouse of the cell.
(a) Cytoplasm
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Nucleus
(d) Endoplasmic Reticulum
RRB NTPC 23.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(b) Mitochondria is known as the power house of
the cell. It is a double membrane structure. It stores the
energy in form of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate).
Mitochondria were first discovered in 1857 by
physiologist Albert von Kolliker.
7. Which is the outermost covering of the cell that
separates the contents of the cell from its
external environment?
(a) Plasma membrane (b) Organelles
(c) Nerve cell (d) Smooth muscle cell
RRB NTPC 03.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(a) The plasma membrane also called the cell
membrane is the membrane found in all cells that
separates the interior of the cell from outside
environment Plasma membrane consists of a lipid
bilayer that is semi-permeable. It regulates the transport
of materials entering and exiting the cell.
8. Alignment of chromosomes in the center of the
cell at the equatorial plate constitutes which
stage of mitosis?
(a) Telophase (b) Prophase
(c) Metaphase (d) Anaphase
RRB NTPC 19.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) During Metaphase, chromosomes are arranged
on the plane which is known as an equatorial plate.
Metaphase is the second stage of mitosis. In this phase,
the spindle fibres are being attached to the condensed
chromosomes.
9. Which of the following cell organelles are
responsible for transfer packaging, and
modification of protein and lipids in vesicles?
(a) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
(b) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
(c) Ribosome
(d) Golgi apparatus
RRB NTPC 26.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(d) Golgi apparatus functions as a factory in which
proteins received from the ER are further processed and
sorted for transport to their eventual destinations. Golgi
apparatus functions in lipid metabolism.
10. Which of the following is a membrane-bound
sac, filled with digestive enzymes?
(a) Golgi apparatus (b) Mitochondria
(c) Lysosomes (d) Vacuoles
RRB NTPC 15.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) Lysosome is the membrane-bound cell
organelle. Structurally and chemically, they are
spherical vesicles containing digestive enzymes capable
of breaking down all kinds of biomolecules, including
proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids and
cellular debris and foreign particles. They were
discovered and named by Belgian biologist Christian de
Duve, who eventually received the Nobel Prize in
Physiology or Medicine in 1974.
11. Ribosomes make _______ .
(a) Fats (b) Lipids
(c) Proteins (d) Starch
RRB NTPC 09.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Ribosomes are a complex structure and are
found in all living cells. They are also found in nucleus
and mitochondria with the process of protein synthesis
Ribosomes are useful for protein formation from amino
acid in body.
12. Which of the following organelles helps to keep
the cell clean by digesting any foreign material
as well as worn out cell organelles?
(a) Golgi apparatus
(b) Lysosome
(c) Mitochondria
(d) Endoplasmic reticulum
RRB NTPC 26.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
RRB NTPC 16.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Lysosome helps to keep the cell clean by
digesting any external material and also helps to worn
out cell organelles. It is mainly responsible for the
digestion of macro- molecules, old cell parts and micro-
organisms. It is the waste disposal system of the cell.
Lysosome is also known as 'Suicidal Bag' of the cell.
13. Who coined the term 'protoplasm'?
(a) G.J. Mendel
(b) Johann Evangelist Purkinje
(c) Charles Darwin
(d) Robert Hooke
RRB NTPC 03.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) The fluid present inside the plasma membrane
is called protoplasm. It is the living part of the cell. The
name protoplasm was coined by J.E. Purkinje in 1839.
It is made of various chemical substances like water,
ions, salt and organic molecules. Protoplasm is of two
types, i.e. cytoplasm and nucleoplasm.
14. When there is a lack of oxygen in our muscle
cells, the breakdown of Pyruvate takes place
and it is converted into:
(a) Water and energy
(b) Lactic acid and energy
(c) Ethanol and Carbon dioxide
(d) Carbon dioxide and water
RRB NTPC 10.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) When there is a lack of oxygen in the muscle
cell, pyruvate splits into lactic acid and energy. When
oxygen is not present or if an organism is not able to
undergo aerobic respiration, pyruvate will undergo a
process called fermentation.
15. Which of the following organelles is called
suicidal bags of the cell?
(a) Lysosomes (b) Chloroplasts
(c) Golgi complex (d) Mitochondria
RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Lysosomes are sphere-shaped sacs filled with
hydrolytic enzymes that have the capability to break
down many types of biomolecules. They are produced
by the Golgi body. They consist of a single membrane
surrounding powerful digestive enzymes. Lysosomes
are known as the 'suicidal bags of the cell because they
contain lytic enzymes capable of digesting cells and
unwanted materials. Autolysis and burst open when the
cell is damaged. This causes the hydrolytic enzymes to
be released. The released enzymes then digest their own
cell, causing the cell to die. As a result, they are known
as the sucidial bags of cell.
16. Which of the following statements is not true
for meiosis?
(a) Meiosis occurs in two stages.
(b) As a consequence of meiosis, the number of
chromosomes is doubled in resulting cells.
(c) During meiosis, the genes of parent cells are
mixed in the resulting cells.
(d) Meiosis takes place in gonads for production
of gametes.
RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans. (b) Meiosis occurs in germ cells. It takes place in
the following two stages -
1. Meiosis-I, 2. Meiosis –II
As a result of Meiosis, the number of chromosomes in
the resulting cells is halved. Meiosis has genetic
diversity due to having different chromosomes than
parents. During this division, genetic substances are
exchanged between chromosomes.
17. Which cell is called ‘the master of the cell’?
(a) Endoplasmic reticulum
(b) Mitochondria
(c) Nucleolus
(d) Nucleus
RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans. (d) The nucleus is called ‘the master of the cell’. It
is the first organelle to be discovered. It is mainly
concerned with the gene expression as well as
replication of DNA.
18. Which is the largest cell organelle present in a
cell?
(a) Endoplasmic reticulum
(b) Nucleus
(c) Golgi bodies
(d) Mitochondria
RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) The nucleus is the largest cell organelle
present in the cell. The nucleus is the controller of all
activities in the cell. Robert Brown discovered the
nucleus in the cell in 1831 AD.
19. Which of the following organelles is called
'protein factories of the cell'?
(a) Chloroplast (b) Lysosomes
(c) Mitochondria (d) Ribosomes
RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans. (d) Ribosomes are the organelles that synthesize
the proteins by gathering and assembling amino acids
into protein chains, therefore they are also known as the
protein factory of the cell. Protein synthesizing process
in ribosomes is called translation.
20. Which of the following cells is found only in
animal cells?
(a) Lysosome (b) Golgi bodies
(c) Centrosome (b) Ribosome
RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) Lysosomes are found predominantly in animal
cells. It was discovered by Christian de Duve in the year
1955. Its main function is the digestion of proteins and
other substances brought by endocytosis in the cell.
Lysosomes digest proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates in
the cytoplasm during food deprivation, this is why it is
known as suicidal bag.
21. What is the basic unit of life?
(a) Cell (b) Organ
(c) Tissue (d) Nucleus
RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) The basic unit of life is the cell. The cell was
discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665 AD. Synthesis of
proteins inside the cell occurs in the ribosome.
22. What type of cell division is used to repair
injury in the body?
(a) Mitosis only
(b) Meiosis only
(c) Both Mitosis and Meosis
(d) Neither Mitosis nor Meiosis
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) In Mitosis cell division, the mother cell divides
to form two identical new progeny cells, therefore this
type of division is naturally used to repair injury in the
body. It is also called indirect cell division. This type of
cell division occurs in somatic cells.
23. Match pairs: - All organisms are made up of cells and cell products.
1. Cell wall (A) Animal cell - All cells are made up of pre-existing cells.
(B) Plant cell Unicellular organisms such as viruses, viroids and
2. ATP (C) Mitochondria prions do not follow cell theory.
(D) genes 27. Match the following:
(a) 1–(a), 2–(a) (b) 1–(a), 2–(b) 1. Lysosome a. Power house
(c) 1–(b), 2–(a) (d) 1–(b), 2–(b) 2. D.N.A. b. Chromosome
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) 3. Mitochondria c. Suicide bag
Ans. (*)Cell wall is the structure found in plant cell. It Code:
is made of cellulose. On this basis, animal cell and plant (a) 1 – a, 2 – c, 3 – b (b) 1 – c, 2 – b, 3 – a
cell is differentiated. ATP is produced in mitochondria. (c) 1 – b, 2 – c, 3 – a (d) 1 – c, 2 – a, 3 – b
Mitochondria is found in both animal and plant cells. RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-08, Green paper)
Hence, it is clear that none of the given options is true. Ans. (b) The correct match is as follows:-
24. Which of the following is the largest cell in the 1. Lysosomes - Suicide bag
body of an animal? 2. DNA - Chromosome
(a) Osteocytes (b) Neuron 3. Mitochondria - Power House
(c) Chromatophores (d) Lymph cells
RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-09, Yellow paper) 28. Which regulates functional activities of the
Ans. (b) The largest cell in an animal body is the cell?
neuron (nerve cells). It is an excitable cell located in the (a) Cytoplasm (b) Nucleolus
nervous system. The function of this cell is to exchange (c) Mitochondria (d) Nucleus
and analyze information to the brain. No cellular RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper)
division takes place in the nerve cell, that is why it Ans. (d) Most of the genetic material of the cell
cannot be regenerated when destroyed once. But it can concentrated into the central part in the cell, called
only be obtained by stem cells.
nucleus. Nucleus regulates functional activities of the
25. Which of the following molecule is present in a cell. The cell nucleus contains several long linear DNA
cell abundantly?
molecules with a wide variety of proteins, such as
(a) Water (b) Carbohydrate
(c) Algae (d) Protein histones, to form chromosomes. The gene within these
RRB SSE 21.12.2014 chromosomes promote cell function. The nucleus
maintains the integrity of the gene and controls the
Ans. (a) The cell is the structural and functional unit of
activities of the cells by controlling the expression of
living organisms. The bodies of some living organisms,
such as bacteria, are made up of a single cell, called the gene. Hence, the nucleus is the controlling center of
unicellular organism, while some living organisms, the cell.
such as a human , are made up of many cells. They are 29. Name the phase of mitosis during which the
called multicellular organisms. The following structures chromosomes of the dividing cell lie on
are found within the cell: equatorial plate?
(1) Nucleus and nucleolus (2) Cytoplasm (a) Anaphase (b) Telophase
(3) Golgibodies (4) Mitochondria (c) Metaphase (d) Prophase
(5) Endoplasmic reticulum (6) Chromosomes RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-II)
(7) Ribosome and Centrosome
Ans. (c) Metaphase is a stage of the cell cycle occurring
The amount of water in the cytoplasm is about 80%, in both mitosis and meiosis cell division processes.
protein 15%, fats 3%, carbohydrate 1% and inorganic During metaphase in mitosis and meiosis, the
salts 1%. chromosomes condense and they become visible and
26. Which of the following does not follow cell distinguishable during alignment at the center of the
theory? dividing cell, to form a metaphase plate at the center of
(a) Bacteria (b) Fungi the cell.
(c) Algae (d) Virus 30. Who discovered a cell?
RRB SSE 21.12.2014 (a) Theodor Schwann
Ans. (d) Schleiden and Schwann jointly formulated the (b) Robert Hooke
cell theory. Although their theory failed to state that how (c) Matthias Schleiden
new cells are formed. Rudolf Virchow (1855) clarified (d) Rudolf Virchow
firstly that cells divide and new cells are formed from
RRB NTPC 30.12.2020 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
pre-existing cells (Omnis cellula-e-cellula). He
modified the hypothesis of Schleiden and Schwann to give Ans. (b) Cell was discovered by Robert Hooke in 1665.
the cell theory a final shape which is explained below: Cell is the structural and functional unit of living things.

(ii) Plant Cell
31. Plant cell walls are composed of:
(a) Cytosol (b) Cytoplasm
(c) Cellulose (d) Glucose
RRB NTPC 24.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Plant cell wall is composed of cellulose.
Cellulose is a structural carbohydrate and is considered
a complex sugar because it is used in both protection
and structure.
32. Chlorophyll contains which of the following
elements?
(a) Aluminium (b) Calcium
(c) Magnesium (d) Iron
RRB NTPC 28.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) Chlorophyll molecule consists of a central
magnesium atom surrounded by a nitrogen-containing
structure called a porphyrin ring, attached to the ring is
a long carbon- hydrogen side chain, known as a phytol
chain. Chlorophyll, any member of the most important
class of pigments involved in photosynthesis, the
process by which light energy is converted to chemical
energy through the synthesis of organic compounds.
33. Which of the following is called Yellow Pigmen
in Plant?
(a) Carotene (b) Achromatic reaper
(c) Xanthophyll (d) Creatinine
RPF Constable 16.02.2019 (Shift - III)
Ans. (c) : Xanthophylls are yellow pigment in plant,
that form one of two major divisions of carotenoid
group.
34. Which cell organelle utilizes light energy
during photosynthesis?
(a) Golgi body (b) Mitochondria
(c) Ribosome (d) Chloroplast
RRB NTPC 07.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans: (d) Chloroplast converts light energy into
chemical energy. During photosynthesis, green colour
of leaves is due to chlorophyll that helps in food
preparation. That is why chloroplast is called the
‘kitchen of the cell’.
35. Which of the following statements is FALSE?
(a) Plant cells have smaller vacuoles than those
of animal cells
(b) Plant cells are generally larger than animal
cells
(c) Animal cells do not have plastids
(d) Plant cells have cell wall, whereas animal
cells do not
RRB NTPC 09.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans: (a) Differences between plant cells and animal
cells–
In size- Plant cell is larger than animal cell.
In shape- Plant cells are square or rectangular in
shape whereas animal cells are irregular or round
shape.
A plant cell is surrounded by a rigid cell wall and
animal cell does not have any cell wall.
Presence of a large vacuole is seen in plant cells.
Whereas, there are very small vacuoles as
compared to plant cells are seen in animal cells.
Centrosomes are absent in plant cells but present in
animal cells.
Plant cells have plastids but animal cells do not
have plastids.
Lysosomes are very rare in plant cells but animal
cells have lysosomes.
36. Which of the following pigments are
responsible to determine the colours of fruits
and vegetables?
(a) Hemocyanin (b) Merocyanine
(c) Indocyanine (d) Anthocyanin
RRB NTPC 27.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Anthocyanins are the pigments that are
responsible for the colors, red, purple, and blue in fruits
and vegetables. Berries, currants, grapes and some
tropical fruits have high anthocyanins content.
Hemocyanin and hemoglobin are respiratory proteins
found in animal's blood.
37. Blue, violet or red flavonoid pigment found in
plants is due to the presence of:
(a) Carotene (b) Anthocyanin
(c) Xanthophiles (d) Chlorophyll
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) Blue, purple/violet or red flavonoid pigment
found in plants is due to the presence of anthocyanin.
Anthocyanin is found in berries, onion, pomegranate,
grapes, tomato, chocoberry etc.
38. Which of the following cell organelles is found
in plant cell but not in animal cell?
(a) Chloroplast
(b) Endoplasmic reticulum
(c) Mitocondria
(d) Ribosome
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) Chloroplast is cell organelle found in plant cell
but not in animal cell. Chlorophyll is the green
photosynthetic pigment found in plants, algae, and
cyanobacteria. ‘Chlorophyll a’ is a specific form of
chlorophyll used in oxygenic photosynthesis.
39. Which of the following components gives green
colour to leaves?
(a) Water (b) Nitrogen
(c) Chlorophyll (d) Urea
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Chlorophyll is the green photosynthetic
pigment found in plant cells, algae, and cyanobacteria
but it is absent in the animal cells. Chlorophyll is used
in oxygenic photosynthesis. It absorbs most energy from
wavelengths of violet-blue and orange-red light but it
reflects green light. So, the leaves appear green.
40. Name the pigment that gives plants their green Ans. (c) Blood is considered as connective tissue
colour. because it has a matrix. The living cell types are red
(a) Carotenoid (b) Chlorophyll blood cells, also called erythrocytes, and white blood
(c) Thiamin (d) Actin cells, also called leukocytes. The fluid portion of whole
RRB NTPC 10.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist blood, its matrix, is commonly called plasma. In blood
the proportion of blood plasma and blood is 55:45.
Ans. (b) See the explanation of above question. There are three types of blood cells corpuscles RBC,
41. Complex carbohydrates that make up cell wall WBC and platelets. RBC is responsible for
in plants are called : transportation of CO2 and O2. WBC act as defender of
(a) Maltose (b) Cellulose body and platelets are responsible for clotting of blood.
(c) Sucrose (d) Lactose 5. What is tissue?
RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-II) (a) Cells which are similar in origin, but
Ans. (b) The complex carbohydrates that make up the dissimilar in form and function.
cell wall in plants are called Cellulose. (b) Cells that are dissimilar in origin, but similar
in appearance and function.
(c) Cells which are dissimilar in form and
3. Tissues function.
(d) Cells which are similar in origin, form and
(i) Animal Tissue function.
RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-III)
1. Which fluid carries absorbed fat from intestine
Ans. (d) Tissue is a group of cells whose origin and
and drains excess fluid from extra cellular
functions are same. In human body tissue consists of
space back into the blood? groups of cells with a similar structure working together
(a) Platelets (b) Capillaries for a specific function. Study of tissues is known as
(c) Plasma (d) Lymph histology .
RRB NTPC 17.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Animal tissue - The structure of the cell varies
Ans. (d) Lymph is a fluid connective tissue which plays according to its function. Thus, the tissues are different
a major role in the process of transportation. Capillaries and classified broadly into the following four types.
contain pores through which small amount of plasma, 1. Epithelial tissue 2. Connective tissue
proteins and blood cells flow out into inter-cellular 3. Muscular tissue 4. Nerve tissue
spaces. Lymphatic vessels present in the intestinal villi 6. A group of cells similar in origin and are
absorb fatty acids and carries the digested food and fats specialized to perform a particular function
from the small intestine. It acts as a reservoir of (for example, Muscle cells in our body forms
digested food and water . the muscles that brings about body movement)
2. Which is the fat-accumulating tissue in our is called :
body? (a) Muscle (b) Tissue
(a) Epithelial tissue (b) Vascular tissue (c) Phloem (d) Fibres (Bast)
(c) Areolar tissue (d) Adipose tissue RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-I)
RRB NTPC 04.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (b) A group of cells similar in origin and are
specialized to perform a particular function is called
Ans. (d) Adipose tissue are the fat accumulating tissues tissue. They form all the parts of our body. The branch of
in human body. Tissues are formed from cells. Adipose biology that studies tissue is called Histology.
tissues are of two types:
7. Blood and bones are examples of ………….. .
1. White adipose tissue (WAT)
(a) Connective tissue (b) Epithelial tissue
2. Brown adipose tissue (BAT)
(c) Meristematic tissue (d) Nerve tissue
3. Which of the following is not a type of animal RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-II)
tissue?
Ans. (a) Such groups of cells in body that have similar
(a) Meristematic tissue (b) Epithelial tissue structure, and function together are called tissues. Cells
(c) Muscular tissue (d) Connective tissue combine to form tissue. Blood and bones are examples
RRB NTPC 03.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist of 'connective tissue'. The tissue covering the body of
Ans. (a) The plant tissue which replicates itself actively the animal or providing external defense is called
throughout its life, is called meristematic tissue. This 'Epithelial Tissue'. The brain, spinalcord and nerve are
tissue is responsible for plant growth. They are present all made up of nervous tissue.
at the tip of roots, stems and branches. 8. Blood is an example of .......... type of tissue.
4. Blood is a type of ........... tissue. (a) Epithelium (b) Connective
(a) Muscular (b) Neural (c) Nerve (d) Muscular
(c) Connective (d) Epithelial RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-I)
RRB NTPC 11.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
9. What is blood?
(a) A muscle tissue (b) A packing tissue
(c) A connective tissue (d) A supporting tissue
RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question.
10. The lining of the mouth is made up of
…………. .
(a) Cuboidal epithelium
(b) Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
(c) Squamous epithelium
(d) Columnar epithelium
RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) Epithelium tissue forms the outer thin layer of
organs and the inner layer of internal organs. It is composed
of four types cuboidal epithelium, pseudo-stratified
columnar epithelium, squamous epithelium and columnar
epithelium, in which squamous epithelium is found on
the outer layer of skin.
11. There are many organs in our body.
Which of the following organs is the largest?
(a) Stomach (b) Kidney
(c) Skin (d) Brain
RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) The largest organ of the human body is the
skin. It is the outer covering of the body called the
epidermis. The skin is made up of several layers of
epithelial tissue. The largest gland of the human body is
the liver.
12. ............ tissue is formed beneath the skin and
between internal organs.
(a) Nerve (b) Adipose
(c) Muscular (d) Epithelial
RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) There are three types of connective tissue - (1)
flexible connective tissue (2) condensed connective
tissue (3) specialized connective tissue. In loose
connective tissue, the cells and fibers are loosely
connected to each other by extracellular matrix, for
example adipose tissue is loose connective tissue, which
is predominantly found under the skin. The cells of this
tissue are specialized for adipose tissue. The substances
that are not in use, are converted into fat and stored in
this tissue.
13. Identify an example of a connective tissue in
humans -
(a) Muscles (b) Cells
(c) Bones (d) Fibres
RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans. (c) Connective tissue connects one organ to another
in the human body. The specific function of connective
tissues is to connect, cover the organs and keep them at
appropriate location. The connective tissues provide a
structure to the body.Types of connective tissues are:
• flexible connective tissue
• specialized connective tissue
• dense connective tissue
14. Which of the following is a connective tissue?
(a) Vascular bundle (b) Skin
(c) Bone (d) Epithelium
RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) Bone is a connective tissue. Connective tissue
is fibrous tissue. The main component of the connective
tissue of human is protein named as collagen.
Connective tissue serves to connect one organ to
another in the human body. It is found in every organ of
human body.
15. Which tissues are found in bones of our body?
(a) Parenchyma (b) Permanent tissue
(c) Connective (d) Epidermis
RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) See the explanation of above question.
16. Which of the following is not an animal tissue?
(a) Muscle tissue (b) Connective tissue
(c) Epithelial tissue (d) Nervous tissue
RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (*) Muscle tissue, connective tissue, nerve tissue
and epithelial- all four tissues are the animal tissues.
Nerves are the fibres in the body of an organism
through which signals are exchanged from one place to
another. The nerves in the human body connect almost
every part of the body to the brain or spinal cord and
maintain a mutual contact with them.
17. ............... tissue forms the inner lining of our
mouth.
(a) Ciliated columnar epithelium
(b) Simple squamous epithelium
(c) Stratified squamous epithelium
(d) Columnar epithelium
RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) In cells, there is flat epithelium tissue cells on
the blood vessel lining or follicle, where substances are
transported by ductile permeable membranes, these are
called simple squamous epithelium. It is very thin and
flat and forms a soft layer. The alimentary canal and the
lining of the mouth are covered with squamous
epithelium. The body's protective shield, that is, the
skin, is made up of these squamous epithelium. The
epithelium cells of the skin are arranged in many layers
to prevent them from cutting and bursting. Since they
are arranged in a pattern of many layers, these
epitheliums are called stratified squamous epithelium.
18. Stratified squamous epithelium is present in:
(a) Kidney (b) Respiratory system
(c) Esophagus (d) Skin
RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-III) Stage IInd
Ans. (d) Stratified squamous epithelium are found in
nearly every organ system where the body comes into
close contact with the outside environment – from the
skin to the respiratory, digestive, excretory and
reproductive systems. They also protect the body from
desiccation and water loss.
Stratified squamous epithelia consists of tissues formed
from multiple layers of cells resting on a basement
membrane, with the superficial layer(s) consisting of
squamous cells.
19. .......... tissue consists of matrix and cells are
embedded in matrix.
(a) Connective (b) Nerve
(c) Muscular (d) Epithelium
RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) Connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix.
The matrix usually includes a large amount of
extracellular material produced by the connective tissue
cells that are embedded within it. The matrix plays a
major role in the functioning of this tissue. Two major
components of the matrix are ground substance and
protein fibres. Connective tissues come in a vast variety
of forms.The major function of connective tissue is to
connect tissues and organs.The most common cell found
within connective tissue is the fibroblast.
20. ––––––––––––– is a connective tissue.
(a) Collenchyma (b) Blood
(c) Sclerenchyma (d) Parenchyma
RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) Blood is a connective tissue. Connective tissue
serves to connect one organ to another in the human
body. It is found in every organ. The specific function
of connective tissues is to connect, cover the organs and
fix them at the right place. The main component of
connective tissue in humans contains a protein called
collagen.
21. What are the types of muscle tissue?
(a) 2 (b) 4
(c) 3 (d) 5
RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Muscle tissues contains many elongated and
cylindrical myofilaments, arranged in a parallel row in
the cytoplasm. The myofilaments include thick
filaments mainly composed of myosin and thin
filaments mainly composed of actin. Muscles usually
play significant role in all movements of the body.
There are three types of muscle tissue:
(i) Striated muscle (ii) Smooth muscle (iii) Cardiac
muscle
22. The outermost layer of human body skin is
called:
(a) Sclera (b) Endodermis
(c) Epidermis (d) Hypodermis
RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-III) Stage IInd
Ans. (c) The outermost layer of the skin of the human
body is called the epidermis. It consists of several layers
of stratified epithelium of the skin. It contains different
thickness in different parts of the body. There are five
types of cells in the outer skin-
1. Stratum Corneum
2. Stratum Lucidum
3. Stratum Granulosum
4. Stratum Spinosum
5. Stratum Basale
23. Which of the following is the outermost part of
human skin?
(a) Epidermis (b) Dermis
(c) Hypodermis (d) Nerve fibres
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) See the explanation of above question.
24. Which of the following is not a connective
tissue?
(a) Nerve cell (b) Cartilage
(c) Bone (d) Blood
RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) Bone, cartilage and blood are the connective
tissues while nerve cell is a part of nerve tissue.
25. Squamous epithelium tissue is found in the
alveoli of the lungs and other parts of animals
where …… contraction and relaxation occur.
(a) Temporary (b) No
(c) One (d) Regular
RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) Simple squamous epithelium are tissues
formed from one layer of squamous cells that line
surfaces. Squamous cells are large, thin, and flat and
contain a rounded nucleus. Simple squamous epithelium
are found in walls of blood capillaries , alveoli of lungs
and nephrons of kidneys.They play significant role in
diffusion, osmosis and filtration.
26. Skin is made of which type of cell?
(a) Epidermal cell (b) Parenchyma
(c) Local tissue (d) Connective tissue
RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) The skin is composed of two main layers: the
epidermis, made of closely packed epithelial cells, and
the dermis, made of dense, irregular connective tissue
that houses blood vessels, hair follicles, sweat glands,
and other structures. Beneath the dermis lies the
hypodermis, which is composed mainly of loose
connective and fatty tissues.
27. ………type of tissues form the gland.
(a) Neural (b) Epithelium
(c) Muscle (d) Connective
RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Epithelium are the continuous sheets of cells
that cover the exterior surfaces of the body, line internal
closed cavities and body tubes that communicate with
the outside environment, make up the secretory portions
of glands and their ducts, and are found in the sensory
receptive regions of certain sensory organs.
28. To provide mechanical support to the kidney in
animal cells, ––––– epithelium forms its inner
layer.
(a) Cuboidal (b) Glandular
(c) Squamous (d) Columnar
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) To provide mechanical support to the kidney in
animal cells, simple cuboidal epithelium forms its inner
layer. These cells are cuboidal in shape. They are found
in the salivary glands, kidney tubules, sweat glands, etc.
Their main function includes absorption, secretion, and
excretion.
29. ............types of tissue make up the gland.
(a) Nerve (b) Epithelial
(c) Muscle (d) Connective
RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) Epithelial tissues are responsible for gland
formation.
30. Histamine-secreting cells are found in …….
(a) Connective tissues
(b) Lungs
(c) Nervous tissues
(d) Muscle tissues
RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) Histamine-secreting cells are found in
connective tissues. The main component in the
connective tissues of human is a protein called collagen.
This connective tissue usually consists of the fibrous
lobes (which give rise to the fibres), the macrophage
and the mast cells that secrete histamine.
31. Areolar tissues acts as a filler tissue between
……… .
(a) Skin and muscles
(b) Skin and bones
(c) Blood and skin
(d) Bones and muscles
RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) Areolar tissues are found in the skin that binds
the outer layers of the skin to the muscles.They are also
found in or around mucous membranes, around blood
vessels, nerves, and the organs of the body. Areolar
tissues are found more than other connective tissue in
body. Areolar tissues are a type of loose connective
tissues. They help in holding the organs in place and
attaches the epithelial tissues to other underlying
tissues.
32. Which of following is red connective tissue?
(a) Plasma
(b) White blood cells
(c) Blood
(d) Red blood cells
RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) Blood is a fluid connective tissue. Blood is
formed in red bone morrow in adult human and spleen
is the center of blood formation in fetus stage in human.
The pH value of blood is 7.4 (slightly alkaline). Blood
is an opaque red fluid, freely flowing but denser and
more viscous than water.
33. .......... tissue forms the glands.
(a) Muscle (b) Epithelial
(c) Connective (d) Nerve
RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) Epithelial tissues form the glands. It is a group
of gland cells that secretes and synthesizes the
hormones and proteins necessary for the growth of the
body.
(ii) Plant Tissue
34. Which part of the plant is responsible for
transporting water from the roots of the plant
to the rest of the plant?
(a) Collenchyma (b) Phloem tissue
(c) Parenchyma (d) Xylem tissue
RRB NTPC 09.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Xylem tissue of the plant is responsible for
transporting water from the roots of the plant to the rest
of the plant. Xylem tissue consists of a variety of
specialized, water conducting cells known as tracheids.
35. Parenchyma and collenchyma are the types of
_____tissues.
(a) Vascular (b) Mechanical
(c) Simple permanent (d) Nervous
RRB NTPC 23.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Simple permanent tissues are composed of
cells which are structurally and functionally similar.
These tissues are made up of one type of cells. A few
layers of cells beneath the epidermis are generally
simple permanent tissue. Simple tissues are of three
types, namely parenchyma, collenchyma and
sclerenchyma.
Parenchyma – They are living cells, soft in nature due
to the presence of thin-walled cells.
Collenchyma – These are characterized by uneven
thick-walled living cells.
Sclerenchyma – They have cells with thickened
lignified walls, providing them strength and making
them waterproof.
36. Which of the following statements about plant
tissue is INCORRECT?
(a) Xylem transports water and minerals.
(b) Xylem and phloem are complex tissues.
(c) Phloem transports food from leaves to other
parts of the plant.
(d) Materials can move in both directions in
xylem.
RRB NTPC 31.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Xylem (plant vascular tissue) conveys water
and dissolved minerals from the roots to the rest of the
plant and also provides physical support. The phloem
carries food downward from the leaves to the root.
Xylem and phloem are complex tissues.
37. ............. tissues form vascular pools.
(a) Xylem and Collenchyma
(b) Xylem and Parenchyma
(c) Xylem and Phloem
(d) Xylem and Sclerenchyma
RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) The group of cells in which all cells are similar
in size, shape, function, origin, is called tissue. Xylem
and phloem is a group of tissue cells in which more than
one type of cell acts as a vascular pool (like a unit).
38. In addition of––––––––––––, Phloem is made
up of all the following substances:
(a) Sieve tubes (b) Phloem vessels
(c) Companion cells (d) Phloem filaments
RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) : Phloem is a vascular tissue found in plants,
second vascular tissue is the xylem. Phloem is a
complex permanent tissue that is found inside the
vascular bundle. It is made up of four types of cells -
(1) Sieve tubes (2) Companion cells
(3) Phloem parenchyma (4) Phloem fibres.
39. Which permanent tissue makes a plant hard
and stiff?
(a) Collenchyma (b) Sclerenchyma
(c) Parenchyma (c) Aerenchyma
RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Sclerenchyma is a simple permanent tissue.
This tissue makes plants hard and stiff.
1. Collenchyma, like parenchyma, lack secondary cell
walls but have thicker primary cell walls than
parenchyma. They are long and thin cells that retain the
ability to stretch and elongate; this feature helps them
provide structural support in growing regions of the
shoot system. They are highly abundant in elongating
stems. The “stringy” bits of celery are primarily
collenchyma cells.
2. Parenchyma is simple permanent tissue.
Parenchyma cells contain a nucleus and dense
cytoplasm with several small vacuoles. It protects plants
as epidermis.
3. Aquatic plants have cavities to float, which are
found in the middle of Parenchyma. This type of
parenchyma is called Aerenchyma.
40. Which of the following is not a function of
epidermis of plants?
(a) Providing protection.
(b) Formation of insulation stationary air layer
with the help of hair.
(c) Regulation of transpiration.
(d) Performing photosynthesis.
RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (d) The main function of the epidermis to protect
the plant from drying (loss of water from the plant
body) and infection. The leaves have stomata located in
the outer skin and bark that help in the exchange of
gases and the action of transpiration. Photosynthesis in
plants occurs by green leaves in the presence of the
sunlight.
41. What is the process of adopting a permanent
structure, shape and action to form permanent
tissues?
(a) Differentiation (b) Integration
(c) Decomposition (d) Mitigation
RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans: (a) The process of adopting a permanent structure,
shape and action to form permanent tissue is called
differentiation. The body of an organism grows through
continuous differentiation process.
42. The cells of ……… are thick at the corners
irregularly.
(a) Collenchyma (b) Aerenchyma
(c) Sclerenchyma (d) Parenchyma
RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-III)
RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) Collenchyma tissue is composed of elongated
living cells of uneven primary thick walls, which
possess hemicellulose, cellulose, and pectic materials,
so their corners are thick. They do not have an
extracellular space. It provides support, structure,
mechanical strength, and flexibility to the petiole, leaf
veins, and stem of young plants, allowing for easy
bending without breakage. These cells are often found
under the epidermis, or the outer layer of cells in young
stems and in leaf veins.
43. Sieve tubes and companion cells are mainly
responsible for the transportation of:
(a) Water to leaf
(b) Food to human body
(c) Food to plants
(d) Sunlight to plant/tree
RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Sieve tubes and companion cells are mainly
responsible for the transportation of food to plants.
Through these, carbohydrates are transported
throughout the plant.
44. The cell walls of sclerenchyma are thick due to
the deposition of …………….
(a) Lignin (b) Cuticle
(c) Pectin (d) Suberin
RRB Group-D 13-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) Due to lignin deposition, the cell walls of the
sclerenchyma are thick. Lignin is a natural dark yellow
polymer. It is practically insoluble in water and organic
solvent. Its properties reduce water permeability of the
cell wall in plants.
45. Which of the following is found at the top of
the stem and roots?
(a) Apical meristem (b) Parenchyma
(c) Sclerenchyma (d) Lateral meristem
RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) The apical meristem is the growth region in
plants found within the root tips and the tips of the new
shoots and leaves. This apical meristem is responsible
for creating cells and growth to drive the plant into the
light and air, where it can photosynthesize and
exchange gases.
46. Which of the following tissues has hard cell
wall?
(a) Aerenchyma (b) Parenchyma
(c) Sclerenchyma (d) Collenchyma
RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) Sclerenchyma is a simple permanent tissue.
Sclerenchyma are found mainly in the cortex of stems
and in leaves. Mature cells of this tissue are generally
dead and have thick walls containing lignin. The major
function of sclerenchyma is to provide structural
support to plants.
47. The walls of sclerenchyma cells are thick due to
.......... .
(a) Pectin (b) Lignin
(c) Hemi-cellulose (d) Cellulose
RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of above question.
48. Which of the following plant tissues is not
simple permanent tissue?
(a) Parenchyma (b) Xylem
(c) Collenchyma (d) Sclerenchyma
RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-I)
RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Xylem is a complex permanent tissue. It is a
vascular tissue that is found inside the vascular bundle.
This tissue transports water in plants. It is notable that
phloem is another vascular tissue that carries function of
transporting food from the leaves of plants to different
parts.
49. Which part of the plant enables the transport
of water and minerals?
(a) Stem (b) Root
(c) Xylem (d) Stalk
RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Xylem is a vascular tissue found in plants that
enables the transportation of water and minerals in
plants. The other vascular tissue is phloem. The process
of aspiration takes place within the xylem tissue. In
addition to the circulation of water and minerals, the
xylem vessels strengthen the stem and keep it upward.
50. Which of the following tissues is mainly
composed of dead cells?
(a) Xylem (b) Parenchyma
(c) Collenchyma (d) Aerenchyma
RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans: (a) Xylem tissue is mainly composed of dead
cells. It is a vascular tissue. Its function is to transport
water and minerals absorbed by the roots to different
parts of the plants.
51. Which tissue in a plant carries water?
(a) Chlorophyll (b) Xylem
(c) Phloem (d) Stomata
RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of above question.
52. Which of the following is related to the
carrying of water in plants?
(a) Bark (b) Xylem
(c) Epidermis (d) Cambium
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans : (b) Xylem tissue is found in the root, stem and
leaves of plants. It is also called vascular tissue. It is
made up of four different types of elements. These are -
(a) Tracheids, (b) Vessels, (c) Xylem parenchyma and
(d) Xylem fibres
(a) Tracheids - They carry water from root to leaf
through stem.
(b) Vessels - They carry water and mineral salts from
the root of plants to the leaf.
(c) Xylem fibres- They mainly provide mechanical
support to plants.
(d) Xylem parenchyma- Radial conduction of water
takes place by xylem parenchymatous cell.
53. Which of these cells transport water from roots
to other parts of plants?
(a) Phloem (b) Vessel
(c) Sieve tubes (d) Xylem
RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-08, Green paper)
Ans : (d) See the explanation of the above question.
54. Which of the following tissues has the largest
intercellular space?
(a) Parenchyma (b) Collenchyma
(c) Sclerenchyma (d) Xylem
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) The total cells of parenchyma are isodiametric
or polyhedral in shape. They may be polygonal, oval,
round or elongated and these cells are tightly packed or
may have small intercellular space.
55. The………. tissue is the only plant tissue that
produces new cells by cell division.
(a) Parenchyma (b) Collenchyma
(c) Meristematic (d) Xylem
RRB Group-D 11-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans: (c) The meristematic tissue is the only plant tissue
that produces new cells by cell division. Apical
meristem and intercalary meristem increase the height
of the plant.
56. Tissues present around the edges in a lateral
manner and giving rise to growth in the girth
of the stem is called:
(a) Lateral meristematic tissue
(b) Cambium
(c) Apical meristematic tissue
(d) Vertical meristematic tissue
RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) Lateral meristematic tissue is found in the
lateral position of various parts in the plant. They are
cylindrical, due to which the thickness of the plants
increase. It is called secondary growth.
These are of two types:
1. Primary lateral meristematic
2. Secondary lateral meristematic
57. Which of the following tissues circulates
dissolved salt and water from the roots?
(a) Ground tissue (b) Xylem
(c) Phloem (d) Cambium
RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Xylem complex tissues are consist of more
than one type of cell. All cells perform a common
function together. Xylem carries water and dissolved
salts, while phloem circulates food made by leaves.
58. Cells of ……….. tissue make division to form
different types of permanent tissue.
(a) Collenchyma (b) Parenchyma
(c) Meristem (d) Sclerenchyma
RRB Group-D 10-12-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) Growth in plants occurs in certain parts due to
the meristem found in those parts. The cells of the
meristem divide and form different types of permanent
tissues. There are three types of permanent tissue - (1)
simple permanent tissue (2) complex permanent tissue
(3) specific tissue
59. The cells of the collenchyma tissue become
thicker at the corners than –––––––––.
(a) Pectin and chitin
(b) Suberin and cellulose
(c) Cellulose and pectin
(d) Lignin and cutin
RRB Group-D 10-12-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) Collenchyma is a simple permanent plant
tissue. Their cell walls are made up of pectin and
cellulose. Collenchyma is found in the marginal regions
of leaves and stems and offers flexibility with the
structural framework and mechanical support in plants.
The cells of this tissue are long and irregularly
thickened by cellulose and pectin at the corners of
different parts of the plant (stems, branches).
60. Which tissue is found in the root tip or shoot
tip?
(a) Sieve tube (b) Sclerenchyma
(c) Phloem tissue (d) Meristem tissue
RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) Meristematic tissue contains undifferentiated
cells which are the building blocks of the specialized
plant structures. The cells of the meristematic tissue
divide actively to form specialized structures such as
buds of leaves and flowers, tips of roots and shoots, etc.
These cells help to increase the length and girth of the
plant. On the basis of position, Meristematic tissue is of
three types:
1. Apical Meristem: These are present at the tips of
the roots and shoots and help to increase the height
of the plants.
2. Lateral Meristem: It is located in the stems and
roots on the lateral side.It increases the thickness of
the plant.
3. Intercalary Meristem: It is located in the leaves
and internodes at the intercalary position. They help
to increase the length of the internode.
61. The girth of root and stem rings increase due
to ………. .
(a) Parenchyma (b) Lateral meristem
(c) Intercalary meristem (d) Apical meristem
RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question.
62. What causes the stem or root circle of a plant
to grow:
(a) Lateral meristem
(b) Intercalary meristem
(c) Extra meristem
(d) Apical meristem
RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question.
63. The stem or root rings increases due to
................ .
(a) Calary meristem
(b) Lateral meristem
(c) Apical meristem
(d) Intercalary meristem
RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
64. The apical meristem is found at the apex
(growing tips) of the ……….
(a) Stem and roots (b) Branch and roots
(c) Leaf and root (d) Root
RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question.
65. Primary growth in plants occurs by:
A. Vertical meristem B. Lateral meristem
C. Intercalary meristem D. Apical meristem
(a) A, B, C and D (b) C and D
(c) B, C and D (d) A, B and D
RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (b) Growth in plants is mainly limited to specific
areas with active cell division. This region is called
meristem. Different types of meristems in plants occur
at the root and the apex of the stem. These make
primary tissue. These are called apical meristem. When
the meristem is present between permanent tissues, it is
called the intercalary meristem. Both intercalary
meristem and apical meristem are responsible for the
primary growth of plant.
66. Areolar tissue fills ........... space of organs,
supports ............ organs and repairs tissues.
(a) inside; internal (b) outside; external
(c) outside; internal (d) inside; external
RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) Areolar tissue fills the space inside organs,
supports internal organs and repairs tissues. Areolar tissues
classify under actual connective tissue. These tissues bring
strength and flexibility to the soft parts of plants.
67. In which of the following tissue, cells are alive,
elongated and irregular at the corners?
(a) Parenchyma (b) Sclerenchyma
(c) Aerenchyma (d) Collenchyma
RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (d): Collenchyma, in plants, support tissue of
living elongated cells with irregular cell walls.
Collenchyma cells have thick deposits of cellulose in
their cell walls. Collenchyma cells may be shaped,
elliptical, spherical or multicellular. They do not have
intercellular space. It provides mechanical support to
the growing parts of the plant such as newly stems and
leaf petiole.
68. Which of the following plant tissues is capable
of cell division?
(a) Parenchyma (b) Xylem
(c) Meristem (d) Sclerenchyma
RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-III)
RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Meristematic tissues have the capacity for cell
division. They are mainly found in growing parts of
plants. This includes groups of cells in which cells are
either dividing or had been divided or have the ability to
divide. Continuous division of meristematic tissue leads
to growth in plants.
69. Which of the following permanent tissues cells
are dead?
(a) Parenchyma (b) Collenchyma
(c) Sclerenchyma (d) Aerenchyma
RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans: (c) Sclerenchyma is a simple permanent tissue. It
makes the plants hard and strong. The cells of this tissue
are dead because they have cellulose, hemicellulose,
and lignin deposits on their edges. This tissue is present
near vascular bundle in stem, in the veins of the leaves
and in the hard covering of seeds and fruits. Example –
Coconut fibrous husk (pericarp).
70. ...............cells are dead.
(a) Aerenchyma (b) Sclerenchyma
(c) Collenchyma (d) Parenchyma
RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) See the explanation of above question.
71. ............ of plant tissue does not bear living
protoplasm at maturity.
(a) Bronchiole (b) Vertebral tissue
(c) Sclerenchyma (d) Collenchyma
RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) See the explanation of above question.
72. ............... tissue is composed of dead cells.
(a) Sclerenchyma (b) Aerenchyma
(c) Collenchyma (d) Parenchyma
RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) see the explanation of the above question.
73. Which of the following is not a simple
permanent tissue?
(a) Xylem (b) Parenchyma
(c) Sclerenchyma (d) Collenchyma
RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans : (a) Xylem and phloem are complex tissues.
Groups of different types of cells that perform the same
type of specialized function are called complex tissues.
This tissue is found in the root, stem and leaves of
plants. It is also called vascular tissue. Xylem transports
water to various parts of plants. Phloem carries food
produced by the leaves to different parts of the plants.
Xylem and phloem together form the vascular bundle.
Parenchyma, Collenchyma and Sclerenchyma are
simple permanent tissues.
74. Intercalary meristem is found:
(a) At the growing tips of stems.
(b) At the growing tips of roots.
(c) At the base of the leaves.
(d) At the growing tips of leaves.
RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) In monocots, the intercalary meristems are
present at the base of the leaf primordium. It allows the
petiole to extend the leaves above the water surface.
This increase in the length of the petiole due to the
activity of the intercalary meristems.
75. Meristematic tissue take up a specific role and
lose their ability to divide and then form a
……... .
(a) Permanent tissue (b) Companion cells
(c) Sieve tube cell (d) RBC
RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) Meristematic tissues are the group of tissues
with the ability of undifferentiated division. Their cells
are iso-diametric, their shape is rectangular or
multifaceted. They lose their dividing ability and form
permanent tissue.
76. What is the name of the tissue in plants that
carries water and minerals from the roots to
other parts of the plant?
(a) Cambium (b) Xylem
(c) Meristematic tissue (d) Phloem
RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) Tissues that carry water, mineral salts and
food to different parts of plants are called vascular
tissues which are of two types:
1. Xylem:- This tissue is found in root, stem and
leaves of plants. Water and minerals are supplied
from roots to various parts of the plant.
2. Phloem:- Like Xylem, it is also found in root, stem
and leaves. It carries the food produced by the
leaves to different parts of the plants.
77. Which of the following tissue -pairs constitute a
vascular bundle?
(a) Parenchyma and Collenchyma tissue
(b) Xylem and Phloem
(c) Sclerenchyma and Phloem
(d) Sclerenchyma and Xylem
RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Xylem and phloem together form the vascular
bundle. Parenchyma, Collenchyma and Sclerenchyma
are simple permanent tissues.
78. .............. is a complex permanent tissue.
(a) Xylem (b) Parenchyma
(c) Sclerenchyma (d) Collenchyma
RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) Xylem is a complex permanent tissue. There
are two types of permanent tissue - 1. Simple permanent
tissue, 2. Complex permanent tissue
1. Simple Permanent Tissue:- They are made up of
uniform cells. These are of three types -
(a) Parenchyma
(b) Collenchyma
(c) Sclerenchyma
79. ..........is not simple permanent tissue. Ans. (b) : The parenchyma is a living simple,
(a) Sclerenchyma (b) Parenchyma permanent tissue and consists of thin cell wall, made up
(c) Collenchyma (d) Xylem of cellulose. Generally a large central vacuole is found
RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-III) in its cytoplasm. Its cells are usually isodiametric and
Ans: (d) See the explanation of the above question. polyhedral in shape. These cells are tightly packed or
may have large intercellular space. Chloroplast is
80. There are three types of simple permanent present in the parenchyma cells that are specified to
tissues. perform photosynthesis. It usually stores water and
(a) Parenchyma, Companion cell and other substances.
Sclerenchyma 86. In ––––––, cells are loosely packed to provide
(b) Parenchyma; Collenchyma and meristem large intercellular spaces.
(c) Parenchyma, Collenchyma and Sclerenchyma (a) Parenchyma (b) Sclerenchyma
(d) Phloem, Collenchyma and Sclerenchyma (c) Tracheids (d) Collenchyma
RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-III) RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) See the explanation of the above question. Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
81. Which type of tissue has different types of cells 87. For more intracellular proliferation, …… cells
performing the same function? are structured sparsely.
(a) Epidermal tissue (b) Complex tissue (a) Phloem (b) Sclerenchyma
(c) Meristematic tissue (d) Neural tissue (c) Collenchyma (d) Parenchyma
RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-I) RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) Groups of different types of cells performing Ans. (d) : Some layers of cells form the basal packing
the same type of specialized function are called of tissue, called parenchyma tissue, which is a type of
complex tissues. Xylem and phloem are examples of permanent tissue. It is made up of simple cells with thin
complex tissue. cell walls. These cells are alive. Some parenchymal
82. From which of the substance the plant cell wall tissues contain chlorophyll due to which photosynthesis
is made of? takes place. The parenchyma tissue is sparsely
(a) Cellulose and Pectin (b) Only Pectin structured in its cells for large intercellular proliferation.
(c) Murein (d) Chitin In aquatic plants, there are large air cavities between the
RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-II) cells of the parenchyma which provide buoyancy for the
plants to float which is called Aerenchyma.
Ans. (a) Plant cell wall is made up of cellulose and
pectin. The study of a cell is called cytology. Cell wall 88. Permanent tissues are classified under ……
is found only in plant cell. (a) Sclerenchyma (b) Parenchyma
(c) Collenchyma (d) Meristematic
83. Phloem works in plants:
RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-II)
(a) Flow of food
(b) To support stem Ans: (d) Sclerenchyma, Parenchyma and Collenchyma
are types of meristematic tissue. Meristematic tissues
(c) Circulation of minerals
are usually found in the vegetative parts of plants. These
(d) Flow of water
include groups of cells that have the ability to divide.
RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-II) When the meristematic tissues lose their ability to
Ans : (a) Phloem or bast is found in root, stem and divide, they turn into permanent tissue.
leaves of plants. It carries the food prepared by the 89. The cells of –––– tissue are very active, they
leaves to different parts of the plants. It is storing tissue have a dense cytoplasm, thin cell wall, central
that provides mechanical storage to plants. nucleus and less vacuoles.
84. Phloem in plants is responsible for transport of (a) Meristematic (b) Collenchyma
.............. . (c) Parenchyma (d) Sclerenchyma
(a) Food (b) Oxygen Ans. (a) Meristematic tissues include groups of cells
(c) Water (d) Minerals that have the ability to divide. They are found in
RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-I) growing region of plants. Meristematic cells have some
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. distinctive features:-
85. –––––– consists of relatively unspecialized cells - They are usually isodiametric and compactly
with thin cell walls. arranged without leaving intercellular spaces.
(a) Phloem (b) Parenchyma - Cells have dense cytoplasm, very small vacuoles,
(c) Sclerenchyma (d) Collenchyma thin cell wall and prominent nucleus.
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-III) - Vacuoles possess cell sap and provide rigidity and
RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-III) turgidity to the cell.
90. The cells of ……..tissue are differentiated to
form different type of permanent tissues.
(a) Collenchyma (b) Parenchyma
(c) Sclerenchyma (d) Meristematic
RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) The cells of meristematic tissue are
differentiated to form different types of permanent
tissues
91. There are mainly two types of plant tissue ––––
–––– and –––––––––––
(a) Permanent tissue, complex permanent tissue
(b) Meristem tissue, simple permanent tissue
(c) Meristem tissue, permanent tissue
(d) Simple permanent tissue, complex permanent
tissue
RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) A group of cells is called tissue. Plant tissue is
of two types -
(1) Meristem tissue (2) Permanent tissue
Tissues that have the ability to divide are called
meristematic tissue. They are mainly found in the
growing parts of plants.
Permanent tissues are group of cells that lack the ability
to divide. Plants get mechanical support through
permanent tissues. They are mainly found in old plants.
92. Delivers food to all parts of plants:
(a) Parenchyma (b) Phloem
(c) Collenchyma (d) Xylem
RRB Group-D 01-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) Phloem is a vascular tissue found in plants. It
serves to transport food from the leaves of the plant to
different parts of the plant, while xylem acts to transport
water and mineral elements absorbed by the roots to the
leaves of the plants.
93. ................... is complex permanent tissue.
(a) Phloem (b) Parenchyma
(c) Sclerenchyma (d) Collenchyma
RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) Complex tissue consists of more than one type
of cell and it acts as single unit. Xylem and phloem are
examples of complex permanent tissue. Phloem is a
vascular tissue found in plants, another vascular tissue
is xylem. Phloem is a complex permanent tissue found
in vascular bundle. It is made up of four types of cells.
It serves to transport food from the leaves of the plant to
different parts of the plant.
94. Which of the following is an example of
permanent tissue?
(a) Blood (b) Xylem
(c) Bone (d) Skin
RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Xylem is a permanent complex tissue.
Generally, the cells of permanent tissue are not
differentiated. The tissues that are completely grown
and has lost the ability of division are known as
permanent tissues. Permanent tissue that contains
different types of cells is called complex tissue.
95. Which tissue forms Coconut husk?
(a) Aerenchyma (b) Collenchyma
(c) Parenchyma (d) Sclerenchyma
RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (d) Coconut husks are formed by Sclerenchyma
tissue. Sclerenchyma cells are present in roots and stems
of plants. It occurs in cells by cell wall, which is
composed of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin. These
cells provide support to the plant tissue. This tissue is
stiff and dead.
96. What type of tissue makes coconut husk?
(a) Collenchymatous
(b) Parenchyma
(c) Sclerenchymatous fibre
(d) Phloem parenchyma
RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question.
97. Which of the following is not a type of xylem?
(a) Tracheids (b) Sieve tube
(c) Xylem fibres (d) Vessels
RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) Xylem is a type of vascular tissue. Its main
function is to absorb water and minerals and transport it
to the leaves of plants. It consists of four major cells:
1. Tracheids
2. Vessels
3. Xylem Parenchyma
4. Xylem fibres
Sieve tube is different from others. It is found in
phloem. The main function of Phloem is to transport
food produced by the leaves to different parts of the
plants.
98. Which tissue helps in the transport of material
from the photosynthetic parts of plants?
(a) Phloem (b) Xylem vessels
(c) Ground tissue (d) Meristem tissue
RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) Two types of vascular tissue are found in
plants one of which is xylem and the other is phloem. The
basic function of Xylem tissue is to transport water and
nutrients, minerals, etc. from root to stem and leaves, while
phloem tissue carries food (sugars) from the
photosynthetic parts (leaves) of plants to all parts of plants.
99. Flexibility in plants is due to ……………tissue.
(a) Xylem (b) Sclerenchyma
(c) Collenchyma (d) Phloem
RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-I)
RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans:(c): Collenchyma is a type of simple permanent
tissue that causes flexibility in plants. These plants
provide mechanical support to the growing parts of
plants such as dicotyledonous plants, stem,petiole.
100. The permanent tissue that provides flexibility
in plants is called-
(a) Parenchyma (b) Aerenchyma
(c) Sclerenchyma (d) Collenchyma
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) See the explanation of the above question.
101. The …………. tissue is composed of dead cells.
(a) Parenchyma (b) Aerenchyma 4. Biomolecules (Lipids/ Proteins /
(c) Sclerenchyma (d) Collenchyma Nucleic Acids)
RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) Sclerenchyma is a type of simple permanent 1. Casein is a protein found in_____ .
tissue that makes plants hard and stiff. This tissue is (a) Meat (b) Carrot
present in the stem, near vascular bundle, in veins of the (c) Soyabean (d) Milk
leaves and in hard coat of seeds and fruits. For example: RRB NTPC 24.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
coconut husk.
This tissue has the following properties: Ans. (d) Casein is a protein found in milk that gives
(i) The cells of this tissue are dead. milk its white color. Cow's milk consists of around 80%
(ii) They are elongated and thin because the wall of casein protein. In addition to milk, casein protein is
this tissue is thick due to lignin. found in yogurt, cheese, and infant formulas, as well as
(iii) It strengthens parts of plant. in a variety of dietary supplements.
102. Sclerenchyma is made up of …………. . 2. Which of the following is milk protein?
(a) White blood cells (WBC) (a) Glycine (b) Galactose
(b) Dead cells (c) Renin (d) Casein
(c) Red blood cells (RBC) RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-III)
(d) Complex cells Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-II)
3. Which of the following elements is a versatile
Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question. element that forms the basis for all living
103. Epidermis of desert plants has a thick waxy organisms and many of the things we use?
coating of ..................... .
(a) Carbon (b) Antimony
(a) Pectin (b) Cutin
(c) Barium (d) Curium
(c) Cellulose (d) Lignin
RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC 03.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) The epidermis of desert plants has a thick Ans. (a) Carbon is a versatile element that forms the
waxy layer of cutin which reduces rate of evaporation basis for all living organism and many of living
so that plants maintain their water level and do not dry organism and many of living thing we use.
out. Cutin covers the outer coating of plants and works 4. Which is the most abundant element present in
as water resistant. plants?
104. Tissues that help in transport of materials in (a) Iron (b) Carbon
plants are called: (c) Nitrogen (d) Manganese
(a) Ground tissue (b) Vascular tissue RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-09, Yellow paper)
(c) Dermal tissue (d) Meristem tissue Ans : (b) Carbon is most abundant element present in
RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-III) plants and magnesium (Mg) is found in abundance in
Ans. (b) Plant tissue consists of two parts of permanent leaves. A very few elements are considered essential
tissue - simple tissue and complex tissue in which simple for the growth and metabolism of plants. Those are
tissue functions to produce food and provide mechanical divided into two categories:
support and complex tissue contains xylem and phloem tissue,
Macronutrients - This includes carbon, hydrogen,
which is called vascular tissue. Their function is to circulate
water and food to other parts of plants. oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen, sulphur, potassium,
calcium and magnesium.
105. The outer protective layer of a tree is:
Micronutrients - This includes iron, manganese,
(a) Cambium (b) Medullary rays
copper, molybdenum, zinc, boron, chlorine and nickel.
(c) Bark (d) Sap
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper) 5. What is the main part of human body made up
of?
Ans. (c) The outer protective layer of a tree is bark. The
(a) Plasma (b) Fat
sap is located between cambium and heart wood. The
(c) Protein (d) Water
pith is located at center of tree in which food of tree is
stored. RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) The main part of the human body is made up
of water.
6. Which one of the following is not a macro
nutrient?
(a) Vitamins (b) Fat
(c) Carbohydrate (d) Amino acid
RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) Vitamins do not come under macro nutrients.
Nutrients can be divided into carbohydrates, proteins,
lipids, nucleic acids, water, minerals and vitamins in
which water and mineral elements are inorganic and
rest are organic. Elements that are needed to the body in
very large quantity, are called macro-nutrients, such as
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids. Such elements which are
required in very small amount are called micronutrients.
For example: salts and vitamins.
7. A section of D.N.A which provides information
for one protein is called the ... . . . …
(a) Nucleus (b) Lysosomes
(c) Gene (d) Chromosome
RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans. (c) A section of DNA that provides information
for a protein is called a gene. Gene is a section or
sequence of DNA which is present in the chromosome.
Gene is responsible for determining specific traits of an
organism. It is passed from one generation to the next
generation. Therefore, it is also known as the unit of
hereditary. Gene is transcribed into mRNA (messenger
RNA) which is then translated to form specific proteins.
So, the sequence of a gene are very unique as they
provide information for the specific protein.
8. What is the full form of DNA in biology?
(a) Do not walk fast
(b) Deoxyribo nucleic acid
(c) Digital Network Architecture
(d) Designated National Authority
RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) In biology, the complete form of DNA is
deoxyribo nucleic acid which is made up of proteins.
DNA carries genetic traits from one generation to
another. At the time of cell division, the threads of the
chromatin are separated and converted into many shorter
and thicker rod-like structures. This is called a
chromosome. In the nucleus of a cell, DNA comprises a
code carrying all the instructions that the cell needs to live.
9. DNA in genetics refers to:
(a) Dye-neuro acid
(b) Daily News Analysis
(c) Detoxic neuro acids
(d) Deoxyribo Nucleic Acid
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
10. Hair colour is determined by ……….. .
(a) Peptin (b) Melanin
(c) Keratin (d) Carotene
RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) Hair colour is determined by the amount of a
pigment called melanin in hair.
11. One …….. is produced from base events in
protein synthesis.
(a) DNA copy (b) RNA copy
(c) mRNA copy (d) DNA and RNA copies
RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) One mRNA is formed from base events in
protein analysis. These are the functional molecules of
RNA in which the signal information for protein
synthesis is transferred from genes of DNA by
'Transcription'. The mRNA molecules were termed by
Francois Jacob and Monad in 1961. m-RNA is known
as messenger R.N.A .
12. Formation of a ………….. is basic function
during reproduction:
(a) m-RNA copy (b) DNA copy
(c) RNA copy (d) I-RNA copy
RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) The basic function is to produce a DNA copy
during reproduction, while maximum number of DNA’s
is present in the nucleus, although some of DNA also
found in mitochondria and chloroplasts. In 1953, J.D.
Watson and Crick formulated double helical model of
DNA. The amplification of recombinant DNA into a
host is called DNA cloning, Gene cloning or Genetic
engineering.
13. Which of the following statements is/are
incorrect?
A. The complete name of DNA is deoxyribo-
nucleic acid.
B. It is a chemical element present in a
chromosome that carries genetic properties.
C. DNA is a polynucleotide, the nucleotide is
the basic structural unit of DNA which
consists of two components.
(a) C and B (b) A and C
(c) Only C (d) Only A
RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is present in
nucleus primarily and its nucleotide molecules contain
pentose sugars deoxyribose, nitrogenous base Adenine,
Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine and phosphoric acid.
These are the three chemical elements present in the
DNA chromosome that carry genetic traits. Hence, it is
clear that the statement C is false and the statements A,
and B are correct.
14. The process of marking a gene in a DNA
sequence is called……….. .
(a) Gene expression (b) Sequence assembly
(c) Annotation (d) Proteomics
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-IV)
Ans. (c) The process of marking a gene in a DNA
sequence is called annotation.
15. The portion of DNA that provides protein
information is called ………….
(a) Chromosome (b) Nucleolus
(c) Nucleus (d) Gene
RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) The part of DNA that provides information
about a protein is called a gene. A gene is a sequence of
nucleotides of DNA which carried out the synthesis of
proteins from the encoded information. It is the
fundamental unit of heredity.
16. ................... is a part of DNA, which provides
information for a protein.
(a) Chromosome (b) Nucleus
(c) Traits (d) Gene
RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
17. What is the complete form of RNA?
(a) Robert Nuclear Acid
(b) Retinal Nucleic Sid
(c) Ribo nucleic acid
(d) Ribo nuclear acid
RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) The complete form of RNA is ribonucleic acid.
RNA is a polymeric molecule composed of one or more
nucleotides. A nucleotide contains one nitrogenous
base, a ribose sugar and a phosphate radical. It contains
uracil in place of pyrimidine thiamine.
18. Which is the most abundant element present in
the human body?
(a) Carbon (b) Oxygen
(c) Nitrogen (d) Calcium
RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) The most abundant element present in the
human body is oxygen. Six elements are found in the
human body in which oxygen is found in the highest
amount (65%). Other elements are carbon (18%),
hydrogen (10%), nitrogen (3%), calcium (2%)
phosphorus (1%).
19. Protein is an integral part of ………..
(a) Antibody (b) Cell membrane
(c) Enzymes (d) All of these
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) Protein is an integral part of antibodies,
enzymes and cell membranes.
20. How much salt is present in our body?
(a) 1% (b) 2%
(c) 0.4% (d) 0.6%
RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) The amount of salt present in our body is
0.4%. Salt is used to keep ice from melting. Sodium
chloride is found in human tears.
21. Which of the following is not a part of the
molecular structure of the human body?
(a) Hydrogen (b) Phosphorus
(c) Carbon (d) Lead
RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) Lead is not part of molecular structure of the
human body. At the chemical level, the human body is
an organizational and functional form of various
biochemicals, whereby the atoms of various elements
are organized as compounds and conduct biological
functions. Molecules combine to form cellular
organelles and organelles form the fundamental
structural and functional unit of life. Among these
elements, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen,
phosphorus and sulfur are the main ones.
22. Which one of the following is a biological
catalyst?
(a) Enzymes (b) Minerals
(c) Hormones (d) Radiation
RRB NTPC 23.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(a) Enzymes are the kind of biological catalyst
which increase the rate of biochemical processes. Enzymes
are proteins that help to speed up metabolism. The first
use of word 'enzyme' was made by Wilhelm Kuhne.
23. Enzymes are basically ………. .
(a) Protein (b) Vitamin
(c) Carbohydrate (d) Fat
RRB JE 27.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
5. Genetics
1. Which of the following sets of chromosomes
lead to birth of a girl child?
(a) XY (b) XZ
(c) YY (d) XX
RRB NTPC 27.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(d) Out of the 46 chromosomes that make up a
baby's genetic material, only two — one from the sperm
and one from the egg — determine the baby's sex.
Biological sex in healthy humans is determined by the
presence of the sex chromosomes in the genetic code:
two X chromosomes (XX) makes a girl, whereas a X
and a Y chromosome (XY) makes a boy.
2. Who is known as the 'Father of Modern
Genetics'?
(a) James Watson (b) Gregor Mendel
(c) Robert Brown (d) Rosalind Franklin
RRB NTPC 14.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Gregor Johann Mendel was an Austrian
scientist of German language. He is also termed as
'Father of Modern Genetics'. He discovered the
principles of heredity via experiments over green pea
plant.
3. ............. is the branch of science that aims at
improving the genetic quality of human
population.
(a) Epigenetics (b) Biotechnology
(c) Eugenics (d) Genetics
RRB NTPC 16.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Eugenics is the branch of science which aims
at improving the genetic quality of human population.
Epigenetics is the branch of science in which inheritable
changes in the organisms are caused by modification of
gene.
4. The approach based on the idea that
'organisms which are more distantly related
will accumulate a greater number of
differences in their DNA' is called?
 (a) Molecular phylogeny
(b) Morphological approach
(c) The DNA study
(d) Metamorphosis
RRB NTPC 04.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Molecular phylogeny is the technique used to
estimate and analyze evolutionary relationships at the
DNA level. The idea is that the organisms that are more
distantly related will accumulate a greater number of
differences in their DNA.
5. The laws of inheritance was discovered by:
(a) Charles Darwin (b) Hugo de Vries
(c) Archibald Garrod (d) Gregor Mendel
RRB NTPC 04.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Inheritance can be defined as the process of how
a child receives genetic information from the parent. The
whole process of heredity is dependent upon inheritance
and it is the reason that the offsprings are similar to the
parents. This simply means that due to inheritance, the
members of the same family possess similar
characteristics. This understanding of inheritance was
made possible by a scientist named Gregor Mendel, who
formulated certain laws to understand inheritance known
as Mendel’s laws of inheritance. Mendel is also known as
the ‘Father of Genetics’.
6. In sexual reproduction, a parent contributes:
(a) Half of genes
(b) Three fourth of genes
(c) All genes
(d) One fourth of genes
RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans: (a) The formation of offspring by sexual
reproduction involves a combination of two gametes,
which contain a group of haploid chromosomes. The
gametes are made up of specific diploid cells. This is a
specific type of cell division, by which half the number
of chromosomes in haploid progeny cells is formed.
This type of division is called meiosis. In the life cycle
of sexually reproducing organisms, the haploid state is
produced by meiosis and the diploid state is restored by
fertilization.
7. The numbers of chromosomes in a normal
human body is:
(a) 43 (b) 44
(c) 45 (d) 46
RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-07, Yellow paper)
Ans : (d). Chromosomes are filament like structure
found in the cells of all plants and animals which
determines all the genetic traits. In fact, each species of
plants and animals has a definite number of
chromosomes. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes,
for a total of 46 chromosomes in which 22 pairs of
chromosomes are same in male and female and
homologous to each other in pair. They are collectively
known as autosomes.The 23rd pair, the sex
chromosomes, differ between males and females.
Females have two copies of the X chromosome, while
males have one X and one Y chromosome.These
chromosomes determine sex.
8. How many chromosomes does a cell of human
body have?
(a) 46 (b) 43
(c) 45 (d) 44
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
9. What are chromosomes related to?
(a) Respiration
(b) Assimilation
(c) Transmission of genetic traits
(d) Nutrition
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper)
Ans : (c) Chromosomes are related to transmission of
genetic traits. Through the chromosome, the genetic
properties pass from one generation to the other i.e. the
chromosomes are carriers of genetic properties. The
chromosome is made up of DNA and proteins.
10. What is the name of the point at which the
chromatids are attached in chromosomes?
(a) Nucleosome (b) Centromere
(c) Centrosome (d) Gene
RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans. (b) A primary sequence is found in each
chromosome which is called a chromosomal point. In
chromosomes, chromatids bind at this point. The
centromere is the point of attachment of the
kinetochore, a structure to which the microtubules of
the mitotic spindle become anchored.The chromosomes
are divided into four types based on the kinetochore:
Metacentric- A metacentric chromosome is a
chromosome whose centromere is centrally located. As
a result, the chromosomal arms are almost equal in
length.
Sub-metacentric - A sub-metacentric chromosome is
a chromosome whose centromere is located near the
middle. As a result, the chromosomal arms (i.e. p and q
arms) are slightly unequal in length and may also form
an L-shape.
Acrocentric- A chromosome in which the centromere
is located quite near one end of the chromosome.
Humans normally have five pairs of acrocentric
Telocentric- A telocentric chromosome is a
chromosome whose centromere is located at one end.
The centromere is located very close to the end of
the chromosome.
11. Fill in the blank with the most appropriate
option:
If the genotype of a plant is ttRr, the symmetry
will be …………
(a) Dwarf and wrinkled
(b) Tall and wrinkled
(c) Dwarf and round
(d) Tall and round
RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans. (c) Mendel observed that the phenotype of the F1
heterozygous Rr is exactly the same as that of the RR
parent. He, therefore, proposed that one of the allele of
unidentical factors becomes dominant over each other,
named the one dominant and the other recessive. Based Ans : (a) Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a
on observations of dihybrid crosses (the cross of a plant total of 46 chromosomes in which 22 pairs of
in two different specifics), Mendel proposed a second chromosomes are same in all. Homologous
general law called "Mendel's law of independent chromosomes are similar in male and female. The
assortment". This rule states that when two alleles of unequal chromosomes of the 23rd pair in a male are
traits are taken in a hybrid, the symptom-disconnection called heterosomes or sex chromosomes. These are
of one allele is independent of the other allele. represented by XY. In women, the chromosomes of the
Therefore, if genotype of the plant is ttRr, the 23rd pair are also homologous. It is denoted as XX.
phenotype will be dwarf and round. Therefore, the cells of a newborn girl have a
12. Which of the following is not a quality found in combination of 44 chromosomes + XX.
pea plant? 16. Which of the following statements is true?
(a) Wrinkled seed (b) Green pods (a) In grosshoppers and some other insects, the
(c) Round pods (d) Round seeds male have only four sex chromosomes.
RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-I) (b) A male individual has one X chromosome
Ans : (c) Mendel considered the pea plant traits that and two Y chromosomes.
were opposites completely. (c) Humans have 46 chromosomes in which 42
Symptoms Dominant Recessive (21 pairs) are autosomes.
symptoms symptoms (d) In diploid organisms of separate sexes, a
Seeds wrinkled round specific pair of chromosomes in each diploid
Seed colour yellow green determines the sex of the individual; they are
Flower colour purple white called sex chromosomes.
Pod shape inflated constricted RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-III)
Pod colour green yellow Ans : (d) In diploid organisms of separate sexes, a
Flower axial terminal specific pair of chromosomes in each diploid
position determines the sex of the individual; they are called sex
Height of stem tall dwarf chromosomes. The number of chromosomes in humans
13. .......... are carriers of genetic material. is 46, of which 22 chromosomes are the same in
(a) Gametes (b) Genes females and males, these are called autosomes (single
(c) Genetics (d) Germ cell sex chromosomes), while chromosomes of the 23rd pair
RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-I) are unequal in females and males. It is called
heterosomes, by which sex is determined, so it is also
Ans : (b) Genes are carriers of transmission of genetic
called sex chromosome. The number of chromosomes is
traits in all organisms. In all organisms, genetic traits
22 + XY in males and 22 + XX in chromosomes in
are controlled and transmitted by genetic units. Mendel
females. In grasshopper and some insects (cockroaches)
called them ‘factors’, while Johannsen called them one sex chromosome is absent in the male, while the
genes. same sex chromosome is found in the female. This type
14. Reproducing new plants by cells instead of of sex determination is called Protenor type or XX
vegetative parts or seeds is called: female and XY male.
(a) Tissue culture 17. What determines the sex of a child?
(b) Regeneration (a) Chromosome
(c) Multiple fission (b) Blood group of Mother
(d) Binary fission (c) Rh factor of Parents
RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-I) (d) Blood group of Father
Ans : (a) Tissue culture or plant tissue culture is a RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-I)
technique in which any plant tissue, such as root, stem, Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
flower, etc., is grown on the nutrient medium under 18. Which of the following statements is true?
artificial conditions. It is based on the principle of (a) In human being, there are 43 chromosomes.
totipotency. According to this theory, every cell of the Of these, 42 (21 pairs) are autosomes and 4
plant is capable of forming a complete plant. In the year (two pairs) are sex chromosomes.
1902, Haberlandt gave concept of totipotency of the (b) The term 'Genetics' was coined by J.D.
cell, so he is called father of the tissue culture of plant. Watson in 1906.
15. What is the combination of chromosomes in (c) Mendel was the first scientist to visualise a
the cells of a newborn girl? gene as an inheritance in 1886.
(a) 44 Chromosome+ XX (d) One DNA molecule is made up of two long
(b) 22 Chromosome+ XX polynucleotide strands forming a double
(c) 44 Chromosome+ XY helical structure (double helix) just like spiral
(d) 22 Chromosome+ XY staircase.
RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-I) RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans. (d) DNA-deoxyribonucleotide is a long polymer.
The length of DNA is generally dependent on number
of nucleotides associated with it. Nucleotides have three
components – nitrogenous base, pentose sugars (de-
oxyribose) and phosphate groups. The special features
of double helical structure of DNA are:
1. DNA is a double helix of two anti-parallel,
complementary strands having a phosphate-sugar
backbone with nitrogenous bases stacked inside.
2. The nitrogenous base can be a purine such as
adenine (A) and guanine (G) and a pyrimidine such
as cytosine (C) and thymine (T), which are linked
by hydrogen bonds. In polynucleotides (the linear
polymers of nucleotides) the nucleotides are
connected to each other by covalent bonds known
as phosphodiester bonds or phosphodiester
linkages.
⇒ A human has 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of
sex chromosomes.
⇒ The term ‘Genetics’ was coined by William
Bateson.
⇒ Mendel proposed the Law of Inheritance.
19. Which of the following statements is/are true
or false?
Statement:
A. The pea plant was chosen by Mendel to
work upon.
B. Chromosome are carrier of factor.
C. Forelimb of human are the organ analogus
to wings of birds.
(a) Only statement A is true, B and C are false.
(b) Only statement B is true, C and A are false.
(c) Only the statements A and B are true, C is
false.
(d) Only statement C is true, B and A are false.
RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans : (c) Gregor Johann Mendel is considered as Father
of Modern Genetics. He set the rules of modern
genetics by performing his experiments on pea plants.
Similarly, discovery of organism chromosomes was
done by Strasburger. The chromosomes are clearly
visible at time of cell division. Genes present on
organism chromosomes carry the genetic traits of
organism from generation to generation, i.e,
chromosomes are carriers of the factor. The forelimb of
human are not the organ analogous to wings of birds.
Pea plants have 7 pairs of chromosomes, in onion 8
pairs, 23 pairs in humans and 12 pairs of chromosomes
in Frog are found. Thus, only statements A and B are
true, statement (C) is false.
20. Gene groups of genetic traits are known as:
(a) Alleles (b) Phenotype
(c) Genotype (d) Dominant gene
NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans: (c) Gene groups of genetic traits are known as
Genotype. The sum of an organism’s observable
characteristics is their phenotype. A key difference
between phenotype and genotype is that, whilst
genotype is inherited from an organism’s parents, the
phenotype is not. For example: tall or dwarf stem is
phenotype of length of plant and DD, Dd & dd are its
genotype.
21. Sexual reproduction include……. of……... .
(a) Same sex, two parents
(b) Opposite sexes, one parent
(c) Opposite sex, two parents
(d) Any gender, one parent
RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) The reproductive process is of two types
which is based on the involvement of one or two
organisms. Reproduction is called asexual reproduction
when the progeny originates with or in the absence of
gametes formation by a single parent. When two parents
(of opposite sex) participate in the reproductive process
and there is pairing between the male and female
gametes, it is called sexual reproduction.
22. A female gametes contains …………
chromosomes.
(a) 46 (b) 23
(c) 24 (d) 48
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) A female gametes contains 23 chromosomes.
Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46
chromosomes in which 22 pairs of chromosomes are
same in male and female and homologous to each other
in pair. They are collectively known as autosomes.The
23rd pair, the sex chromosomes, differ between males
and females.These chromosomes are known as
heterosomes.
23. Unfertilized eggs of human carry:
(a) XX Chromosomes
(b) One X Chromosomes
(c) XY Chromosomes
(d) OneY Chromosomes
RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) The number of chromosomes in humans is 46
(23 pairs), out of which 22 pairs are identical which is
called homologous chromosome (autosomes) and the
23rd pair is different in female and male which is called
heterosomal chromosomes (heterosomes). Sex is
determined by heterosome only in humans. It is XY in
males and XX in females. Unfertilized eggs and sperm
are haploid in humans. They are formed after meiosis,
so the number of chromosomes in them is half of the
progeny chromosomes. Therefore, unfertilized eggs of a
human have an X chromosome while an unfertilized
sperm has an X or Y chromosome.
24. What type of regeneration can provide more
diversity?
(a) Reproduction by ovule
(b) Regeneration
(c) Sexual
(d) Budding
RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) Sexual type of regeneration can provide more
diversity because two participative involved in
formation of zygote, come from different parents.
25. Traits seen in generation (F1) are-
(a) Mixed traits (b) Dominant
(c) Dominant & recessive (d) Recessive
RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) When hybridization takes place between two
pure contrast genetic traits, only dominant traits are
expressed in the offspring (plants) of first generation (F1)
but resegregation of mutual contrast traits in standard
ratio (3:1) occurs in progenies of second generation (F2).
26. Which of the following does NOT come under
Gregor Mendel's Law of Inheritance?
(a) Law of Segregation
(b) Law of Dominance
(c) Law of Independent Assortment
(d) Law of Biopics
RRB NTPC 01.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) Law of Biopics does not come under Gregor
Mendel's Law of Inheritance, Mendel's Laws of
Heredity. They are usually states as:
(i) The Law of Segregation: Each inherited trait is
defined by a gene pair.
(ii) The Law of Independent Assortment: Genes for
different traits are sorted separately from one
another.
(iii) The Law of Dominance: An organism with
alternate forms of a gene will express the form that is
dominant
27. ........... formulated the laws of inheritance.
(a) Gregor Mendel (b) Charles Darwin
(c) Stanley Miller (d) Harold Ray
RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) The traits inherit from one generation to
another in organisms are called hereditary. The laws of
inheritance were first given by Gregor Johann Mendel,
so Mendel is called the 'Father of Modern Genetics'.
Mendel formulated his rules from experiments
performed on garden peas. Regarding to heredity, three
Laws of Mendel : –
1. Law of Dominance
2. Law of Segregation
3. Law of Independent Assortment
28. A male of the human species gets his X
chromosomes from his / her ………….
(a) Either mother or father
(b) Mother
(c) Father
(d) Both parents
RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) : The male has the XY chromosome while the
female has XX. The mother always gives the X
chromosome when the embryo is developed as zygote
and X or Y chromosome of father can be pair with it .
The chromosome of the male is the sex determinant.
29. ………in species can provide survival
advantage or may contribute only to the
genetic sequences-
(a) Speciation (b) Pollination
(c) Change (c) Fertilization
RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (c) Changes in species may provide survival
advantage or may contribute only to the genetic
sequences.
30. The transmission of physical or mental traits
from parents to progeny is called ––––––––.
(a) Descent (b) Transformation
(c) Evolution (d) Heredity
RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d) The transmission of physical or mental
qualities / traits from parents to the offspring is called
heredity. The study of laws and mechanisms of heredity
is called Genetics.
31. Which one of the following diseases is a genetic
disorder?
(a) Thalassemia (b) Anaemia
(c) Night blindness (d) Cancer
RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) Thalassemia is a genetic disorder. It is a
genetically inherited blood disease of children.
Thalassemia is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder.
It inherites to offsprings through parents only when both
parents are gene carriers (heterozygous).
32. The sex of progeny will be determined by the
inherited chromosome of ……………. .
(a) Father (c) Nature
(c) Mother and father (d) Mother
RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) Sexual dimorphism in humans develops due
to the variation of chromosomes of 23rd pair, hence it
is called the 'sex chromosome'. The 'Y' chromosome of
a male is responsible for determination of sex of fetus
in human, because sperm containing Y and X
chromosomes are generated 1: 1 ratio in male.
33. Which of the following chromosomes is/are
carried by male gametes in humans?
(a) Only X chromosome
(b) Only Y chromosome
(c) Both X and Y chromosomes
(d) Either X or Y chromosome
RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) The male gamete carries either X or Y
chromosomes while female gamete carries only X
chromosome.
34. Gene mutation is caused by:
(a) Reproduction
(b) Changes in protein sequences.
(c) Changes in the sequence of nitrogenous bases.
(d) Secretion of hormones to enzymes.
RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) Gene mutations are caused by changes in the
sequence of nitrogenous bases.
35. Dihybrid cross have ……….. pairs of
contrasting traits. Pairs produced from
contrasting traits, behave independently. The
inheritance of one pair of characters is
independent of that of the other pair of
characters.
 (a) One (b) Three
(c) Two (d) Eight
RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) Dihybrid cross have two pairs of contrasting
traits. Pairs produced from contrasting traits, behave
independently. The inheritance of one pair of characters
is independent of that of the other pair of characters.
36. ......... mutation is not genetic.
(a) Deletion (b) Substitution
(c) Insertion (d) Somatic
RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) Mutations, at the level of DNA molecules are
genetic due to base substitutions, deletion and
insertion, whereas somatic mutations are not genetic.
37. If the number of chromosomes in humans is 46,
then how many chromosomes are present in
the somatic cells of humans?
(a) 23 (b) 46
(c) 24 (d) 48
RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) Each somatic cell, in a human, has 46
chromosomes, in pairs of 23. Of these, 22 chromosomes
are identical in male and female and homologous to
their respective pairs. These are collectively called
autosomes chromosomes. The chromosomes of 23rd
pair are not similar in male and female, which are called
as heterosomes.
38. How many chromosomes are present in human
sperm?
(a) 21 (b) 24
(c) 23 (d) 22
RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) Human sperm cells are haploid. They are
formed by meiosis. The number of chromosomes in the
human somatic cells is 46. Therefore, number of
chromosomes in human sperm is 23.
39. The number of chromosomes in the male
sperm are:
(a) 24 (b) 23
(c) 48 (d) 46
RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
40. ......... are found in the cells of the human body.
(a) 21 pair of chromosomes
(b) 22 pair of chromosomes
(c) 20 pair of chromosomes
(d) 23 pair of chromosomes
RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
41. The trait that influences F1 generation and are
visible clearly, it is . . . . . . . . .
(a) Dominant (b) Recessive
(c) Genetic (d) All of the above
RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) According to Mendel's Law of Dominance –
‘In a cross between two homozygous organisms
differing in a single pair of contrasting character, the
character which is expressed in the F1 generation is
called dominant character and the character which is
not expressed is recessive character’.
42. Mendel's law apply only when:
(a) Parents are pure breeding.
(b) Parents are codominant
(c) Character is recessive
(d) Characters are linked
RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) Mendel's laws apply only when the parents
are pure breeding. Mendelian inheritance is a type of
inheritance that follows the laws originally proposed by
Gregor Mendel. He started his crosses only with true
breeding plants. He only measured binary
characteristics such as colour, shape, and position of the
seed, etc. He expressed his results numerically and
subjected them to statistical analysis.
43. Mendel had obtained F2 generation from F1
generation plants through ……..process.
(a) Self -pollination
(b) Hybrid pollination
(c) Vegetative reproduction
(d) Asexual reproduction
RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) Gregor Johann Mendel is called the Father of
genetics. He used the pea plant for genetics. Mendel
obtained F2 generation from F1 generation plants by
self-pollination method.
Tall Dwarf
F1 generation after self pollination of the plant-
F2 generation genotype = 1: 2: 1
F2 generation phenotype = 3: 1
44. Which type of reproduction can bring more
diversity?
(a) Regeneration (b) Budding
(c) Sexual (d) Asexual
RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) Sexual type of reproduction can provide more
diversity because two gametes involved in formation of
zygote ,come from different progenies. The gametes are
formed by meiosis due to which more diversity can occur.
45. .......... are carriers of genetic properties.
(a) DNA (b) Pollen particles
(c) Spore (b) RNA
RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) The filamentous molecules found in
chromosomes of living cells is called DNA. DNA is a
double helix of two anti-parallel, complementary
strands having a phosphate-sugar backbone with
nitrogenous bases stacked inside. There is hereditary
code embedded in it.
46. ............. contributed to the formulation of the
principles of heredity of traits in living things.
(a) Stanley Miller (b) J.B. S. Haldane
(c) Charles Darwin (d) Gregor Mendel
RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d) Gregor Johann Mendel, Father of Genetics,
contributed to the formulation of the principles of
heredity of traits in living things. He first recognized
dominant and recessive traits in pea plants, while
Charles Darwin and Alfred Russell Wallace proposed
the principle of 'Natural Selection' or ‘Evolution’. His
theory is also known as ‘Theory of Evolution’. Charles
Darwin believed that nature develops through evolution.
47. .......... seeds are round and yellow in hybrid
cross of 556 green round and yellow wrinkled
seeds.
(a) 32 (b) 108
(c) 101 (d) 315
RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) For the dihybrid cross, Mendel conducted a
cross of plants reproduced from round and yellow seeds
(RRYY) and green and wrinkled seeds (rryy), round
and yellow seeds are dominant in it, i.e. 315 round
yellow seeds are highest in number in hybrid cross of
556 green round and yellow wrinkled seeds. Hence, the
phenotype ratio of F2 generation plants is 9: 3: 3: 1.
Suppose-
48. The F2 generation has a phenotypic ratio of
………….
(a) 1 : 2 : 3 (b) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
(c) 1 : 3 : 3 : 9 (d) 1 : 2 : 5
RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
49. Alleles are:
(a) Alternative form of enzymes.
(b) Alternative form of gene.
(c) Alternative form of chromosome.
(d) Form of incomplete dominance
RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) When two different traits are present in the
same gene, they are called alleles. This is an alternative
form of gene.
50. Who proposed ‘Law of Inheritence’?
(a) Thomas Robert Malthus
(b) John Maynard Keynes
(c) Gregor Mendel
(d) Donald Bear
RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) The Law of Inheritance was formulated by
Gregor Johann Mendel. Gregor Mendel laid the
foundation for modern genetics with his scientific
discoveries. Hence, he is known as the Father of
Genetics.
51. A collection of beliefs and practices aimed at
improving genetic qualitative traits of human
population in field of genetics is known as
…………... .
(a) Genetic engineering
(b) Cloning
(c) Embryo selection
(c) Eugenics
RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) A collection of beliefs and practices aimed at
improving the genetic quality of the human population,
is called eugenics in the field of genetics. Genetic
engineering facilitates in study and diagnosis of human
pathology. Har Gobind Khorana was awarded by the
Nobel Prize in 1967 for research on genetic code.
52. Who is considered the ‘Father of Modern
Genetics’?
(a) Charles Darwin
(b) Gregor Mendel
(c) Alexander Fleming
(d) Otto Hahn
RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) The traits that inherit from one generation to
another in organisms are called hereditary or genetic
traits. The process of passing traits from one generation
to another is called heredity. The laws of inheritance
were first coined by Gregor Johann Mendel, that is why
Mendel is called 'Father of Modern Genetics'. Mendel
formulated his laws from experiments performed on
garden peas.
53. Experiments of …………...... provides us
mechanism to carry the inheritance of traits
from one generation to next.
(a) Stanley Miller (b) Darwin
(c) Mendel (d) Harold Urey
RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) Gregor Johann Mendel first proved in 1866 as
the result of his experiments that how traits of parents
are transferred to their progeny, that's why Mendel is
considered as ‘ Father of Genetics’.
54. When did scientist G.J. Mendel die?
(a) 1884 (b) 1874
(c) 1879 (d) 1901
RRB Group-D 01-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) Gregor Johann Mendel was born in Austria on
20 July 1822 AD. He gave three laws related to
Heredity:
1. Law of Dominance 2. Law of Segregation
3. Law of Independent Assortment.
Law of Gregor Johann Mendel related to inheritance are
known as Mendelian law. He is called the father of
genetics. Mendel selected sweet pea plants for his
experiments. He died on 6 January 1884 in Berno,
Austria.
55. Which of the following statements is incorrect
about sex determination?
(a) A male has a X-chromosome and a Y-
chromosome.
(b) The sex of the child is determined at the time
of fertilization when the male and female
gametes form a zygote.
(c) A woman has two identical X-chromosomes
and XY
(d) Diploid organisms that have different sexes,
in each diploid cell, a specific pair of
chromosomes, called sex chromosomes,
determines the sex of the individual.
RRB Group-D 26-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (c) In sexual reproduction, fertilization of haploid
male and female gametes produces a diploid zygote.
The zygote grows and develops into a new organism.
Human has 23 pairs i.e 46 chromosomes. Of these, 22
pairs of chromosomes are similar in females and males
and are homologous to each other. The chromosomes of
23rd pair are not identical in females and males. The
23rd pair of chromosomes in females is XX while males
have XY. So a male has an X chromosome and a Y
chromosome. Therefore, it is clear that a woman has
two identical XX chromosomes. Women do not have
XY chromosomes.
56. …. group of chromosomes is present in male
sex chromosome in human.
(a) XY (b) YY
(c) XX (d) XXY
RRB Group-D 01-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) The male sex chromosome consists XY group
of chromosome which determine and transmit genetic
traits. The number of chromosomes remains constant in
each species. The number of chromosomes in a human
cells are 46.
57. What are commonly called Mendelian factors?
(a) Centrosome (b) Gene
(c) DNA (d) Chromosome
RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) Based on his observations, Mendel proposed
that an 'object' is forwarded from parent to progeny
through gametes to the next generations without change.
He called it ‘factor’. Wilhelm Johannsen coined the
word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity.
In other words, a gene is a unit of heredity.
58. Mendel selected pea plants because ––––––.
(a) They were cheap.
(b) They were easily available.
(c) They had contrast traits.
(d) All the above options
RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d) Mendel selected pea plant for his experiments
because the pea plant is an annual plant. It has age of 3-
7 months. Therefore, it is possible to study its many
generations. Male and female reproductive organs are
present on the same. Pea plants have many traits which
are contrast to each other.
59. Diversity is …………. .
(a) Difference between individuals of the same
species
(b) Difference between offsprings of same
parents
(c) Difference between parents and progeny
(d) All of the above
RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) Difference between individuals of the same
species, difference between offspring of the same parent
and difference between parents and progeny is called
'Genetic diversity'.
60. On which basis Mendel formulated purity of
gametes?
(a) Back cross
(b) Dihybrid cross
(c) Test cross
(d) Monohybrid cross
RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (d) When hybridization is done between two
plants on the basis of single trait, it is called
monohybrid cross. Mendel selected two sub-species of
pea plant in monohybrid cross which had group of
contrast traits(one tall and other dwarf) and observed
after cross that all plants produced by seeds are tall in
first generation (F1). A monohybrid ratio is the
phenotypic ratio of different types of individuals
occurring in the F2 generation of a monohybrid cross.
The Mendelian monohybrid ratio is 3:1.
61. The number of chromosomes in a female germ 66. Regeneration means ………… .
cell is- (a) Replacement of lost parts
(a) 23 (b) 46 (b) Formation of body by small portion of
(c) 48 (d) 24 organism.
RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Formation of buds
Ans : (a) The number of chromosomes in a female (d) All the above
germ cell is 23. RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-III)
62. ...... characters are recessive in pea plants. Ans : (b) Regeneration is one of the processes in which
(a) Yellow seed (b) Round seed if an organism is cut into several pieces, each of its
(c) Green pod (d) Wrinkled seed parts regrows to the original state. This process is
RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-II) carried out by specialized cells called stem cells.
Ans : (d) Mendel, Father of Genetics , selected seven
pairs of alternative inherited traits or comparative
visual forms that were dominant and recessive. It is as
6. Organic Evolution
follows:
S.No. Traits Dominant Recessive 1. Who gave the term 'Homo sapiens'?
1. Stem height Tall Dwarf (a) Darwin (b) Miller
2. Position of Axial Terminal (c) C. Linnaeus (d) G.J. Mendel
Flowers RRB NTPC 21.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
3. Flower colour Purple White Ans: (c) The name "Homo Sapiens" was given in 1758
4. Shape Inflated Constricted by the Father of Modern Biological Classification
5. Pod colour Green Yellow Carolus Linnaeus. Homo sapiens, (Latin: “wise man”)
6. Colour of Yellow Green the species to which all modern human beings belong.
seeds 2. A species that cannot be found after a
7. Shape of seeds Round Wrinkled prolonged search in its area of habitations is
63. Which of the following characteristics is said to be _____species.
recessive in a pea plant? (a) Endangered (b) Rare
(a) Green pod (b) Wrinkled seed (c) Extinct (d) Vulnerable
(c) Round seed (d) Yellow seed RRB NTPC 23.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c): A species that cannot be found after a
Ans. (b) : See the explanation of the above question. prolonged search in its area of habitations is said to be
64. Which of the following is found in male? extinct species.
(a) Y-Chromosome The IUCN Red List Categories define the extinction
(b) 2X-Chromosome risk of species assessed. Nine categories extend from
(c) X - Chromosome NE (Not Evaluated) to EX (Extinct) are:- Not
(d) XX Chromosome Evaluated, Data Deficient, Least Concern, Near
RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-I) Threatened, Vulnerable, Endangered, Critically
Ans : (a) The chromosome is XX in female and XY in Endangered, Extinct in the Wild and Extinct.
male. Therefore, all haploid gametes produced by a 3. ____ organs are those which have the same
female have the X sex chromosome while the male basic structural design and origin but have
gametes have either X or Y sex chromosome. different functions.
Therefore, 50 % of sperm have Y sex chromosomes and (a) Homogenous (b) Homologous
50% of sperms have X sex chromosomes. (c) Heterogeneous (d) Analogous
65. The unit of inheritance is: RRB NTPC 01.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
(a) Phenotype (b) RNA Ans. (b) : The organs that perform different functions
(c) Genotype (d) Gene but have the same basic structure are known as
RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-II) Homologous organs. For example, forelimbs of humans
Ans : (d) Micro structures made up of DNA present in and lizards are homologous.
chromosomes that carry genetic traits and transfer them 4. The earliest members of the human species,
from one generation to another are called genes. Genes Homo sapiens, can be traced back to:
are the fundamental unit of inheritance, which (a) North America (b) Antarctica
determines biological traits. The gene was first named (c) Asia (d) Africa
by Johannsen in 1909. RRB NTPC 01.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d): The earliest members of the human species,
Homo sapiens (a distinct species of the hominid
family) can be traced back to Africa. Two lines of
evidence suggest an African origin for hominids. First,
it is the group of African apes that are most closely
related to hominids. Second, the earliest hominid
fossils, which belong to the genus Australopithecus,
have been found in East Africa and date back to about.
5.6 million years ago. In contrast, fossils found outside
Africa are no older than 1.8 million years. It is likely
that hominids migrated from East Africa to southern
and northern Africa, to southern and north-eastern
Asia, and perhaps to Europe, some time between 2 and
1.5 million years ago.
5. Which one of the following factors does NOT
contribute to speciation (when new species
develop from the existing ones)?
(a) Divergent evolution
(b) Genetic drifting
(c) Geographic isolation
(d) Variation
RRB NTPC 01.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Divergent evolution refers to the process by
which interbreeding species diverged into two or more
evolutionary groups. Divergent evolution is one of the
three types of evolutionary patterns the other two are
convergent and parallel.
6. The human species have genetic roots in:
(a) Australia (b) Antarctica
(c) Africa (d) America
RRB NTPC 13.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) The human species have genetic roots in
Africa. According to the paleontological evidence, the
fossils of the earliest man, Homo naledi were found in
the regions of South Africa.
7. Who coined the phrase 'Survival of the fittest'?
(a) Charles Darwin (b) Albert Einstein
(c) Herbert Spencer (d) Archimedes
RRB NTPC 04.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) ‘The Principles of Biology’ by Herbert Spencer
(1864), looked at biology in terms of themes, such as
function, adaptation and variation. In this book, Spencer
introduced the expression 'survival of the fittest', in the
sense of 'the most appropriate to its environment'.
8. Kharai camels are known to mainly feed on:
(a) Cactus (b) Joshua tree
(c) Mangroves (d) Brittlebush
RRB NTPC 04.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Kharai Camels are the unique breed of the
camel found only in Kutch of Gujarat and feed on
mangroves on the island offshore. Kharai Camels can
swim up to three kilometres into the sea in search of
mangroves, its primary food. Hence, Kharai camels are
also known as swimming camels. There are four areas
in Kutch where Kharai camels are primarily located –
Abdasa, Bhachau, Lakhpat, and Mundra.
9. Oparin theory about the 'origin of life' is
related to:
(a) Chemical evolution
(b) Physical evolution
(c) Biological Evolution
(d) Artificial evolution
RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans. (a) Oparin theory about the 'origin of life' is
related to chemical development.
The Oparin-Haldane hypothesis suggests that life arose
gradually from inorganic molecules, with “building
blocks” like amino acids forming first and then
combining to make complex polymers.
Different views of the origin of life -
1. PanspermiaTheory
2. Theory of Spontaneous birth
3. Theory of Life biogenesis
4. Theory of chemical evolution
10. Which of the following is necessary to maintain
numbers of individuals of species and prevent
their extinction?
(a) Respiration (b) Reproduction
(c) Digestion (d) Diffusion
RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans. (b) Reproduction is necessary to maintain
numbers of individual of species and prevent their
extinction. If a species is not capable of reproduction, it
will gradually become extinct. The extinction of a
species causes instability in ecosystem.
11. The primitive atmosphere was reducing
because:
(a) Hydrogen atoms were few.
(b) Hydrogen atoms were active and in greater
number.
(c) Oxygen atoms were more
(d) Nitrogen atoms were more.
RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans : (b) The primitive atmosphere was reducing
because hydrogen atoms were active and in greater
number. Reducing atmosphere is a condition in the
atmosphere in which oxidation stops due to lack of
oxygen and oxidizing gases such as hydrogen, water
vapour are activated.
12. Which of the following is more likely to have
probability of evolution of new species in
organisms?
(a) Division of diploid cells.
(b) Fertilization
(c) Budding
(d) Regeneration
JMRC J.E. 23.12.2012
Ans. (a) As the result of mitosis, new alleles of genes
produce. Crossing over is the exchange of chromosome
segments between non-sister chromatids during the
production of gametes.Thus, new alleles are produced
by parental traits. The gametes produced by meiotic
division are not similar because new alleles of genes
occur that assists evolution of life.
13. The organs that have the same basic structure
but different functions are called:
(a) Fossils (b) Biogenetic law
(c) Homologous organ (d) Analogous organ
RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Homologous organs are the organs which have
same origin but perform dissimilar functions. The
homologous organs have similar origin but due to the
evolution, the organism undergoes developmental changes
in order to adjust in the changing environmental condition.
For example, the wings of bats and the arms of primates
have evolved to form different structure but they have
same ancestral tetrapod structure.
14. The study of human evolution indicates that all
of us belong to the single species that evolved in
………….
(a) West Asia (b) Central Asia
(c) Africa (d) America
RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans.(c) The African apes and humans have essentially
the same arrangement of internal organs, share all of the
same bones (though somewhat different in shape and
size), lack external tails, and have several important
blood type systems in common.
15. The book 'Origin of Species' was written by:
(a) Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck
(b) John Burdon Sanderson Haldane
(c) Charles Darwin
(d) Carl Linnaeus
RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) Charles Darwin's book 'Origin of Species',
published on 24 November 1859 AD, is considered as a
fundamental scientific concept in science and the
foundation of evolutionary biology. In this book, the
origin and development of organisms is explained by
evolution.
16. The most recently discovered link in human
evolution is the discovery of fossils of :
(a) Lucy (b) Homo naledi
(c) Homo sapiens (d) Australopithecine
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) The most recently discovered link in human
evolution is discovery of Homo naledi. Scientists have
discovered a human-like species in caves that were
found 30 million years ago in South Africa.
17. During which era did dinosaurs flourish?
(a) Proterozoic era (b) Paleozoic era
(c) Cenozoic era (d) Mesozoic era
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) The duration of the Mesozoic era ranges from
22.5 crore to 7 crore years. Reptiles were present in
majority. Dinosaurs flourished in this era. This era is
divided into three periods:
1. Triassic
2. Jurassic
3. Cretaceous
Dinosaurs were mainly active in the Jurassic period.
18. Which of the following is the idea that new
species evolved due to their defined change?
(a) Natural selection
(b) Mutation
(c) Recombination
(d) Non-random mating
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) According to modern neo-darwinists, new
organisms are formed after simple changes in the genes,
due to which variations are increased in them. These
changes are called mutation. These changes are
obviously hereditary and new species are formed
through selection over generations.
19. What is the process of creating a better
adapted environment for organisms to survive
and have more offspring?
(a) Natural selection
(b) Mutation
(c) Recombination
(d) Non-random matting
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans: (a) The process of creating a better adapted
environment for organisms to survive and have more
offspring is called natural selection. Changes that allow
an organism to better adapt to its environment will help
it survive and have more offspring. Charles Darwin
famously proposed the principle of natural selection to
explain the process of evolution. In the year 1859, he
described his conclusion in a book called ‘Origin of
Species’.
20. Who among the following is called 'Tyrant
Lizard King'?
(a) Protoceratops (b) Tyrannosaurus rex
(c) Diplodocus (d) Compsognathus
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) Tyrannosaurus is a species of the extinct
dinosaur, also known as the Tyrant Lizard King as it
was the largest living animal on the land. Its length was
12.80 m (42 ft). Depending on its characteristics, it was
found till 6.7–6.55 million years ago.
21. What is the meaning of the scientific name
Homo sapiens of humans?
(a) Erect hominid
(b) Large brend hominid
(c) Bipedal hominid
(d) Wise hominid
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans : (d): The meaning of scientific name of human
(Homo sapiens) is ‘wise hominids’. Human being is
named Homo sapiens based on the binomial
nomenclature of naming organisms. Homo sapiens is a
latin word where Homo means man, and sapiens
meaning wise.
22. What is the meaning of the scientific name
'Homo sapiens'?
(a) Straight man (b) Tall man
(c) Wise man (d) Working man
RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) See the explanation of the above question.
23. What is the scientific name of modern man?
(a) Homo habilis
(b) Homo erectus
(c) Homo sapiens
(d) Homo neanderthalensis
RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question.
24. The earliest hominoids classified as Homo
sapiens were …….
(a) Auguster line (b) Cro-Magnon
(c) Neanderthal (d) Proconsul
RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans: (b) The early hominids classified as Homo
sapiens were Cro-Magnon humans. It originated from
primitive Neanderthal about 35 to 50 thousand years
ago.
25. Heredity of human can be traced to:
(a) African origin (b) American origin
(c) South Asian origin (d) East Asian origin
RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I)
RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) Modern humans (Homo sapiens) originated
first in Africa continent . After this, they later reached
other continents. Therefore, the genetics of humans can
be traced to people of African origin.
26. Which of the following is necessary to maintain
the number of species and prevent their
extinction?
(a) Reproduction (b) Transmission
(c) Respiration (d) Digestion
RRB Group-D 13-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) By reproduction process any organism
maintains its existence on earth continuously. If an
organism is unable to reproduce, then its number
decreases with their death and after a time when all
organisms of concerned species die then that species
becomes extinct.
27. Evolution is defined as ……….
(a) Gene flow
(b) Inheritance of acquired traits
(c) Natural selection
(d) Genetic drift
RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) The process by which any biological trait is
reduced or increased in a population is called natural
selection. The theory of natural selection explains how
the environment affects development of species and
populations so that they can select the fittest.
28. ............is related to the theory of evolution.
(a) Miller
(b) Charles Darwin
(c) Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
(d) Gregor Mendel
RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) Charles Darwin is related to the theory of
evolution.The fundamental element of Darwin theory of
evolution is natural selection. Some organisms adapt
better to survive in reverse environments. The adaption
capacity varies.
29. In the nineteenth century, ……………………
had proposed the theory of evolution of species
by natural selection.
(a) Johann Mendel (b) Charles Darwin
(c) John Dalton (d) Johann Dobreiner
RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question.
30. The Theory of Evolution was proposed by:
(a) Charles Darwin (b) Charles Dickens
(c) Albert Einstein (d) Isaac Newton
RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III)
RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) The theory of evolution was proposed by
Charles Darwin. Charles Darwin explained evolution in
his book ‘The Origin of Species’ in English. The theory of
evolution is called ‘Origin of Species by Natural
Selection’ or ‘Darwinism’.
31. Which one of the following is not one of the
three superfamily of anthropoids?
(a) New world monkey (b) Old world monkey
(c) Hominoids (d) Anthropithecus
RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) Anthropithecus is not one of the three
superfamily of anthropoids. The primate order is
diverse, with hundreds of living species. Primates have
traditionally been classified into two major groups on
the basis of morphology: prosimians (lemurs, lorises,
and tarsiers) and anthropoids (monkeys, apes, and
humans). Modern prosimians are smaller and more
similar to early primates than the anthropoids are.
Primate phylogeny classifies primates on the basis of
their evolutionary history, according to molecular
similarities.
32. In 2015 ........ a new species of the genus Homo
was discovered in the Rising Star Cave system,
Dinaledi Chamber of the Cradle of
Humankide, South Africa.
(a) Homo naledi (b) Homo erectus
(c) Homo habilis (d) Homo rudolphensis
RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) In 2015, a new species of the genus Homo
naledi was discovered in the Rising Star Cave system,
Dinaledi Chamber of the Cradle of Humankide, South
Africa.
33. Tachyglossus is a connecting link between
………. .
(a) Amphibians and reptiles
(b) Birds and mammals
(c) Reptiles and birds
(d) Reptiles and mammals
RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (d) 'Tachyglossus' (Echidna) is a connective link
between reptiles and mammals. Echidna are mammals
that lay eggs. They are classified under Phylum Chordata.
The duck billed platypus possesses the characteristics of
mammals such as hair, mammary gland, and diaphragm
and the reproductive system consisting of cloaca is
similar to the reproductive system in reptiles, ability to
lay eggs etc make them more close to reptiles.
34. The basic source of biological diversity is ……
(a) Mutation
(b) Cosmic development
(c) Inheritance
(d) Enzyme
RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) Mutations are considered the fundamental
source of biological diversity. A sudden change in DNA
sequences of an organism is called mutation. Hugo de
Vries considered the mutation to be the basis of
evolution in organisms.
35. The study of evolution of humans indicates that
we all belong to the same species that evolved
in –––––– .
(a) Africa (b) America
(c) Central Asia (d) West Asia
RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) The first ancestors of humans started walking
on two legs in Africa 5 to 7 million years ago. Then
some of them migrate from Africa to Asia, Europe 2
million years ago.
36. ........ is a sequence of gradual changes in
primitive organisms over millions of years in
which the new species are produced -
(a) Analogous organ
(b) Homologous organ
(c) Fossils
(d) sequential Development
RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (d) Sequential Development is a sequence of
gradual changes in primitive organisms over millions of
years in which the new species are produce. Charles
Darwin first introduced this theory in his book ‘Origin
of Species’.
37. To whom can you relate the theory of
Evolution?
(a) Miller (b) Darwin
(c) Urey (d) Mendel
RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) Charles Darwin (1809 - 1882) gave the theory
of evolution. According to Darwin, all organisms have
abundant progeny. Therefore, due to the large
population, every organism has to struggle
homogeneous, inter-caste and environmental conflicts
for its needs.
38. ........ is an English environmentalist, geologist
and biologist known for his contributions to the
science related to evolution:
(a) Charles Robert Darwin
(b) H. Whittaker
(c) Mendeleev
(d) Linnaeus
RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question.
39. –––– theory of evolution tells us that how life
evolved from simple to more complex forms.
(a) Lamarck (b) Darwin
(c) Wallace (d) Mendel
RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) : See the explanation of the above question.
40. Which of the following is an egg laying
mammal?
(a) Rabbit (b) Kangaroo
(c) Duck (d) Platypus
RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) The Platypus is an egg-laying mammal that is
considered to be the connective link between reptiles
and mammals as platypus possesses the characteristics of
mammals, such as hair, mammary gland, and diaphragm
and the reproductive system consisting of cloaca is
similar to the reproductive system in reptiles, ability to
lay eggs etc make them more close to reptiles.
41. Who suggested that life evolved from simple
inorganic (abiotic) molecules?
(a) Murray (b) Darwin
(c) Haldane (d) Mendel
RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) Haldane suggested that life consists of simple
inorganic (abiotic) molecules.
42. .............provides evidence of evolutionary
relationships.
(a) River besin (b) Fossils
(c) Sea Bed (d) Rocks
RRB Group-D 01-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) Fossils are the preserved remains or traces of
animals, plants, and other organisms from the past.Their
study is called Paleontology. Fossils are important
evidence for evolution because they show that life on
earth was once different from life found on earth today.
Fossils show a progression of evolution.
43. According to one of the most widely accepted
theories, before the origin of life on Earth, the
Earth's atmosphere consisted of a mixture of
……….
(a) H2,CO2.NH3 and CH4
(b) H2S,CH4 and NH3
(c) O2, NH3, CH4 And water vapour
(d) Ozone, CH4, O2 And water vapour
RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) The atmosphere of earth before origin of life
was strongly reducing (without free oxygen). Water
vapour, methane, carbon dioxide and ammonia, etc.
were emitted from molten materials covering the
surface. The ultraviolet radiations of Sun also played
crucial role in spliting the water into Hydrogen and
Oxygen molecules and lightest Hydrogen (H2) become
free, which then took part in formation of molecules.
44. The atmosphere of the early Earth was mainly 51. Who gave the term 'Homo sapiens'?
composed of: (a) C. Linnaeus (b) Darwin
(a) NH3, CH4 and H2S (c) Miller (d) G.J. Mendel
(b) NH3, H2S and O2 RRB NTPC 20.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
(c) NH3, CH4 and O2 Ans.(a) The term 'Homo-sapiens' (Scientific name of
(d) CH4, H2S and O2 modern Human beings) was coined by Swedish botanist
RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-I) and taxonomist Carolus Linnaeus.
Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question. Common Names Scientific Names
45. –––––– gas was not present in its free state at Human beings Homo sapiens
the time when life was originated on Earth. Cat Felis catus
(a) Oxygen (b) Methane Mustard Brassica campestris
(c) Ammonia (d) Hydrogen Rice Oryza sativa
RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-II) Wheat Triticum aestivum
Ans. (a) Oxygen was not present in its free state at the Mango Mangifera indica
time when life was originated on Earth.
46. ……… are analogous organs. 7. Taxonomy
(a) Lobster tail and Whale flukes
(b) Wings of Bats and Flippers of Whales
(c) The foot of Dog and Flippers of Dolphin 1. Who is called the father of taxonomy?
(d) Human hands and Feet of Bull (a) Eichler
RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-II) (b) Engler
Ans : (a) Analogous organs are defined as the organs of (c) Carl Linnaeus
different animals that are having different structure but (d) Bentham and Hooker
perform the same functions. Example of analogous RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-I)
organs are wings of insect, lobster tail, fluke of whale RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-I)
and wings of the bird. RRB NTPC 28.12.2020 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
47. The organs which have different basic Ans. (c) : Carolus Linnaeus, the Swedish botanical
structure but are similar in appearance and taxonomist was the first person to formulate and adhere
have similar functions are called- to a uniform system for defining and naming the world's
(a) Biogenetic law plants and animals. Taxonomy is the study of naming,
(b) Fossil comparing and sorting organisms which involve all the
(c) Homologous organ plants, animals and microorganisms of the world.
(d) Analogous organ Carolus Linnaeus, who gave an organism classification,
named as ‘father of taxonomy’. He categorized the
RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-III)
organism on the basis of similarities and differences.
Ans: (d) See the explanation of the above question.
2. Who is the father of binomial nomenclature of
48. Which of the following scientists has suggested all species of living things?
a mechanism for evolution in his book "Origin (a) Louis Pasteur (b) Carolus Linnaeus
of Species"? (c) Charles Darwin (d) James Watson
(a) Carl Woese (b) Ernst Haeckel
RRB NTPC 08.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
(c) Robert Whittaker (d) Charles Darwin
Ans. (b) The Father of Binomial Nomenclature was
RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Carolus Linnaeus. In binomial nomenclature, the first
Ans. (d) Charles Darwin has suggested a mechanism word shows "genus" and the second depicts ''species".
for organic evolution in his book ‘Origin of Species’. Louis Pasteur → Rabies Vaccine
49. Which one of these organs is not a vestigial Charles Darwin → Theory of Evolution
organ?
James Watson → Father of DNA
(a) Brain (b) Wisdom tooth
(c) Appendix (d) Ear muscles 3. The father of modern botany is.
(a) G.J. Mendel (b) Louis Pasteur
RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-III)
(c) Carl Linnaeus (d) Edward Jenner
Ans. (a) The wisdom molar, appendix and ear muscles
RRB NTPC 03.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
are vestigial organs in humans, while the brain is not
vestigial organ in humans. Ans. (c) Carolus Linnaeus is known as the Father of
Modern Botany. He was a Swedish botanist, zoologist
50. Who wrote the book ‘Origin of Species’? taxonomist and physician who formalized binomial
(a) Lamarck (b) Weissman nomenclature. Louis Pasteur, a French chemist, known
(c) Darwin (d) Oparin for invention of Rabies vaccine and pasteurization of
RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-II) milk and Edward Jenner is renowned for creating small
Ans : (c) See the explanation of the above question. pox vaccine.
4. The system of scientific naming organism was
introduced by:
(a) Angel Cabrera
(b) George Caley
(c) Alexis Carrel
(d) Carolus Linnaeus
RRB NTPC 05.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) : In 1759, Carl Von Linnaeus proposed for
classifying organism. He published it in his book
'Systema Naturae'. In this system, each species is
assigned a two-part name. For this reason, the system is
known as binomial nomenclature. Carolus Linnaeus is
known as 'Father of Taxonomy'.
5. The system of scientific naming or
nomenclature of organism which we used today
was introduced by which of the following
scientist?
(a) Carolus Linnaeus
(b) Marie Curie
(c) George Washington Carver
(d) Charles Darwin
RRB NTPC 15.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) : Nomenclature, in biological classification, is
the system of naming organisms. The species to which
the organism belongs is indicated by two words, the
genus and species names, which are latinized words
derived from various sources. This system, which is
called the Linnaean system of binomial nomenclature,
was established in the 1750s by Carolus Linnaeus.
6. Carolus Linnaeus is known as:
(a) Father of Taxonomy
(b) Father of Plant
(c) Father of Atom
(d) Father of Animal Science
RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans: (a) The system of classification that Carl
Linnaeus introduced, laid foundation of modern
classification system, hence he is called the Father of
Modern Classification. In 1753 AD, he introduced
the binomial nomenclature system of organisms.
7. Carolus Linnaeus is regarded as the Father of :
(a) Embryology (b) Paleontology
(c) Evolution (d) Taxonomy
RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
8. In which Kingdom would you place all
organisms, which are multicellular eukaryotic
nucleus with cell walls?
(a) Protista (b) Plantae
(c) Monera (d) Animalia
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) Organisms which are multicellular well-
defined nucleus with cell walls are placed in Kingdom
Plantae. Kingdom Plantae includes algae, bryophytes,
pteridophytes, gymnosperms and angiosperms. These
plants make their food through photosynthesis.
9. Arrange the following in descending order of
the Linnaean hierarchy:
(a) Kingdom –Family –Genus –Species -Class-
Phylum -Order
(b) Kingdom-Order-Species-Genus -Class-
Family-Phylum
(c) Kingdom-Phylum-Class-Order-Family-
Genus-Species
(d) Species-Family-Genus-Order-Class-Phylum-
Kingdom
RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) The term ‘Taxonomy’ was first used by
Carolus Linnaeus in his book 'Systema Naturae'. This is
why, Carolus Linnaeus is called the Father of
Taxonomy. The basic unit of Taxonomy is species and
the broadest unit is Kingdom . All the units are arranged
in descending order of hierarchy which are as follows –
Kingdom-Phylum-Class-Order-Family-Genus-Species.
10. Which of the following is the hierarchy of
zoological classification?
(a) Phylum, Class, Family, Order, Species, Genus
(b) Phylum, Class, Family, Order, Genus, Species
(c) Phylum, Class,Order, Family, Genus, Species
(d) Phylum, Order, Family, Class, Genus, Species
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) See the explanation of the above question.
11. In which Kingdom would you put an organism
that is unicellular, eukaryotic and
photosynthetic?
(a) Fungi (b) Monera
(c) Protista (d) Plantae
RRB Group-D 13-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) The organisms of Kingdom Protista are
unicellular and eukaryotic in which all cell organelles
are present. The organisms of this kingdom consume
their food by photosynthesis, heterotrophism or
absorption. They reproduce both sexually and asexually.
Organisms like Chrysophytes, Dinoflagellates,
Euglenoids and Protozoan come under this kingdom.
12. Which of the following is the basic unit of
classification of living organisms?
(a) Genus (b) Order
(c) Species (d) Family
RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-I)
RRB NTPC 04.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Species is the basic unit of classification. A
group of organisms with similar characteristics are
categorized into species. Species are distinguished
based on morphological characters.
• A species is a basic unit of classification and a
taxonomic rank, as well as a unit of biodiversity.
• The term taxonomy was originally coined by
Augustin Pyramus de Candolle in 1813.
13. What is the basic unit of classification in
Taxonomy?
(a) Genus (b) Species
(c) Family (d) Order
RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans: (b) See the explanation of the above question.
14. According to Whittaker's classification,
organisms included in the ……….. kingdom do
not have well-defined nucleus.
(a) Fungi (b) Protista
(c) Plantae (d) Monera
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) In the year 1969, biologist R.H. Whittaker
divided all organism of the world into 5 kingdoms,
Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia. Of
which, organisms of kingdom Monera are unicellular
and prokaryotic. The organisms belong to this kingdom
do not contain a true nucleus. They are single-celled
organisms with no true nuclear membrane. The genetic
material in these organisms is the naked circular DNA.
A nuclear envelope is absent.
15. Who classified all living organisms in five
kingdom classification?
(a) Aristotle (b) Whittaker
(c) Linnaeus (d) Darwin
RRB Group-D 10-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
16. In the five kingdom classification, the main
basis of classification is . . . . . .. .
(a) Nutrition (b) Respiration
(c) Excretion (d) Circulation
RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) Among the five kingdom systems, the main,
and the most basic form of classification is considered
to be the classification according to the mode of
nutrition. This classification is specified as ‘Kingdoms’
i.e. Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae and Animalia by R.
H. Whittaker, who claimed that the simplest form of
unicellular organisms depict both autotrophic and
heterotrophic mode of nutrition.
17. Which of the following groups is not included
in the '5-Kingdom classification' propounded
by Whittaker?
(a) Animalia (b) Protista
(c) Fungi (d) Protozoa
RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) See the explanation of the above question.
18. Plants are divided into five groups. Which of
the following is not one?
(a) Pteridophytes (b) Bryophytes
(c) Protochordata (d) Gymnosperms
RRB NTPC 10.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) Plants are divided into five groups based on
differentiation, vascular structure and seed. These are:
Thallophyta, Bryophyta, Pteridophyta, Gymnosperm and
Angiosperm. "Protochordata is an informal category of
organism to describe the invertebrates that are closely
related to vertebrates."
19. Select the option that shows the correct
ascending order of the Linnaean Hierarchy.
(a) Kingdom- Order- Species- Genus- Class-
Family- Phylum
(b) Kingdom- Family- Genus- Species- Class-
Phylum- Order
(c) Kingdom- Phylum- Class- Order- Family-
Genus- Species
(d) Species- Genus- Family- Order- Class-
Phylum- Kingdom
RRB SSE 21.12.2014
Ans : (d) Swedish scientist Carolus Linnaeus is the
Father of the Binomial method. He is also known as the
Father of Modern Taxonomy (classification). The
ascending order of their classification is as follows:
Species–Genus–Family–Order–Class–Phylum–Kingdom.
20. Which level of classification of organisms
comes between 'Family' and 'Species'?
(a) Order (b) Phylum
(c) Genus (d) Class
RRB NTPC 09.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) The technique of classifying organisms is
known as Taxonomy. Taxonomy is made up of two
words i.e. ‘Taxis’ means ‘arrangement’ and ‘Nomos,’
means ‘method’. The principal ranks in modern use are
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus,
and species.
21. Which of the following is classified under
Kingdom Animalia ?
(a) Protozoa (b) Metazoa
(c) Choanozoa (d) Pipiens
RRB NTPC 30.12.2020 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) : All animals are member of the Kingdom
Animalia also called Metazoa. Amongst the five
kingdoms, the largest kingdom is the animal kingdom.
This kingdom does not contains prokaryotes or protists
22. Multicellular animals without cell walls can be
placed under which of the following groups?
(a) Animalia (b) Plantae
(c) Monera (d) Protista
RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans: (a) Multicellular organisms with no cell walls are
placed under kingdom Animalia . It is also called
metazoa. Cell wall is found only in kingdom Plantae.
Animalia is a kingdom of animals.
23. Cavalier-Smith classified organisms into …….
(a) 4 (b) 5
(c) 3 (d) 6
Ans : (d) The biological classification system of life
introduced by British zoologist Thomas Cavalier-Smith
involves systematic arrangements of all life forms on
earth. In 1998, Cavalier-Smith classified the organisms
into 6 parts –
(1) Animalia (2) Protozoa, (3) Fungus (4) Plantae (5)
Chromista (6) Bacteria.
24. In different hierarchies of classification, which
group has the highest number of organisms
with similar traits?
(a) Genus (b) Order
(c) Family (d) Kingdom
RRB Group-D 29-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans: (d) Among the various hierarchies of classification,
‘Kingdom’ group has the highest number of organisms
with the same traits.
25. By whom was "Systema Naturae" written?
(a) John Ray (b) Aristotle
(c) Carolus Linnaeus (c) Haeckel
RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) "Systema Naturae" was written by Carolus
Linnaeus in 1735.
26. Which of the following are called ‘the
amphibians of the plant kingdom’?
(a) Gymnosperm (b) Thallophytes
(c) Bryophytes (d) Pteridophytes
RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Bryophytes are known as ‘the amphibians of
the plant kingdom’ because they live in the soil but
need water to reproduce sexually. A bryophyte is a
non-vascular plant that is green seedless and belongs to
the mosses, liverworts or hornworts family.
27. Which of the following is a kingdom that
contains unicellular organism with a
prokaryotic cell organization (having no
nuclear memberane), such as bacteria?
(a) Fungi (b) Monera
(c) Protista (d) Plantae
RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) : Monera is a kingdom that contains
unicellular organism with a prokaryotic cell
organization (having no nuclear membrane), such as
bacteria. In kingdom Monera , unicellular organisms
such as bacteria and blue green algae(BGA) are
included.They are single-celled organisms with no true
nuclear membrane (prokaryotic organisms). They
contain genetic matter, but do not have a nucleus to
separate it from cytoplasm.
28. Which of the following shows multiple fission?
(a) Yeast (b) Hydra
(c) Plasmodium (d) Planaria
RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (c) Plasmodium exhibits multiple fission, a type
of asexual reproduction. In this type of reproduction,
the nucleus of the parent cell undergoes repeated
divisions followed by the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm
cleaves around each nucleus to form a number of
daughter cells or individuals inside a parent cell and
produces many new organisms at the same time, while
the new organisms are produced by budding in Hydra
and Yeast.
29. ........... reproduces by multiple-fission.
(a) Yeast (b) Plasmodium
(c) Planaria (d) Rhizopus
RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Plasmodium is unicellular eukaryotic protozoa.
It reproduces by multiple fission in which a single
parent cell is divided into many daughter cells.It
completes its life cycle in two vectors. Its primary host
is mammal (human) and secondary host is mosquito.
Yeast is unicellular while Rhizopus is multicellular
fungus in which asexual reproduction occurs by spore.
Planaria is an independent, freshwater flat worm
which reproduce asexually by binary fission and has
capability of regeneration.
8. Animal Kingdom
(i) Protista
1. A sexual reproduction as in the case of amoeba
in which an animal reproduces by dividing into
two individuals is called:
(a) Transverse fission (b) Longitudinal fission
(c) Simple fission (d) Binary fission
RRB NTPC 15.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Amoeba reproduces asexually by the process
called binary fission. Binary fission occurs in single-
celled organisms belonging to Kingdom Monera, and
Protista (Amoeba and Paramecium). In this process, the
parent organism divides into two halves, each half
forming an independent daughter organism.
2. Chlamydomonas belongs to which of these
kingdoms?
(a) Kingdom Plantae (b) Kingdom Protista
(c) Kingdom Fungi (d) Kingdom Monera
RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) The kingdom Protista consists mainly of
unicellular organisms and eukaryotic organisms. There
are various types of algae, slime molds and protozoa
etc. classified in this kingdom. Chlamydomonas,
Amoeba, Entamoeba, Plasmodium, Euglena and Diatom
etc. belong to the kingdom Protista.
3. …… is divided into multiple daughther cells
through multiple fission simultaneously.
(a) Planaria (b) Yeast
(c) Hydra (d) Plasmodium
RRB Group-D 29-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) Plasmodium divides into multiple daughter cells
through multiple fission simultaneously. Plasmodium is
a protozoan . Multiple fission is also a process of asexual
reproduction in which the parent cell divides to form many
new organisms.
4. Which of the following organisms reproduce by
multiple fission?
(a) Hydra (b) Planaria
(c) Plasmodium (d) Spirogyra
RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question.
5. .......... reproduces by multiple fission.
(a) Yeast (b) Hydra
(c) Planaria (d) Plasmodium
RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
6. Reproduction occurs in ……… through binary
fission.
(a) Planaria (b) Plasmodium
(c) Liver fluke (d) Amoeba
RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) New organism takes birth by binary fission in
unicellular animals. In binary fission, the parent cell
divides itself into two equal and identical daughter cells.
It is the most common form of reproduction in
prokaryotes such as bacteria and protozoan. In irregular
binary fission, the cell divides at any place in protozoans
like Amoeba, Paramecium. It was discoverd by August
Johann Rösel von Rosenhof in the year 1755.
7. What is the process of division between two
identical daughter cells of a cell?
(a) Multiple fission (b) Binary fission
(c) Regeneration (d) Spore formation
RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans: (b) See the explanation of the above question.
8. What type of asexual reproduction occurs in
Amoeba?
(a) Spore formation
(b) Binary fission
(c) Vegetative propagation
(d) Budding
RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-I)
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) See the explanation of above question.
9. Which of the following is an example of a
unicellular organism?
(a) Protozoa (b) Arthropods
(c) Echinoderms (d) Annelids
RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Protozoa are unicellular eukaryotic organisms
that belong to kingdom Protista. Arthropods,
Echinoderms and Annelids are multicellular eukaryotic.
Phylum Arthopoda is the largest phylum of kingdom
Animalia which includes insects. About two-third of the
species belong to Phylum Arthopoda on Earth. Phylum
Annelida consists of aquatic, terrestrial, independent
organisms and sometimes parasites.Earthworm belongs
to this phylum .Calcium-containing skeletons are found
in animals of Phylum Echinodermata. Hence, their
name is Echinodermata. They are marine animals.
10. Pseudopodia are finger-like extensions on:
(a) Hydra (b) Paramecium
(c) Amoeba (d) Earthworms
RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) Pseudopodia are finger like extensions on
Amoeba. The word ''pseudopodia'' means false feet, and
they help the amoeba move forward and to ingest food.
An amoeba extends its pseudopodia toward a food
particle and then surrounds it. An amoeba is a type of
unicellular organism which has the ability to alter its
shape, primarily by extending and refracting
Pseudopods.
11. Which of the following does not belong to the
kingdom Monera ?
(a) Bacteria (b) Diatom
(c) Cyanobacteria (d) Mycoplasma
RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) Diatom does not belong to the kingdom
Monera. All bacteria belong the kingdom Monera .
Archaebacteria, Eubacteria and Mycoplasma. All
unicellular prokaryotes are placed in kingdom Monera.
Diatom is unicellular eukaryote which is a member of
the kingdom Protista, not related to kingdom Monera.
(ii) Porifera
12. The organisms of Phylum …… are non- motile.
(a) Porifera (b) Coelenterata
(c) Platyhelminthes (d) Nematoda
RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) The organisms of Phylum Porifera are non-
motile. The word 'Porifera' is made up of two Greek
words 'Poros' meaning 'hole' and 'Ferre' meaning
'holding'. Therefore, Porifera means ‘organism holding
holes’. The body surface is perforated by numerous
pores, the Ostia, through which water enters the body
and one or more large openings, the oscula by which the
water exits,that is why they are known as sponge. The
sponges were incorporated into animals by Robert
Grant and named them 'Porifera'.
13. Which of the following are non- motile and are
attached with a solid substratum?
(a) Planaria (b) Sea Anemone
(c) Sycon (d) Ascaris
RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Poriferans have a spongy appearance and are
therefore called sponges. They are attached to the
substratum in colonial state and do not move. They have
the ability to absorb and withhold fluids.They were
initially regarded as plants due to the green colour and
their symbiotic relationship with algae.The scleroblast
secretes spicules while spongin fibres are secreted by
spongioblasts.The body surface is perforated by
numerous pores, the Ostia through which water enters
the body and one or more large openings, the oscula by
which the water exits. They reproduce asexually by
budding, and fragmentation. The exchange of
respiratory gases and nitrogenous wastes occur by the
process of diffusion. Sycon, Euplectella and Spongilla
are examples of Phylum Porifera.
14. ............ are devoid of respiratory, excretory
and circulatory organs.
(a) Sponge (b) Tapeworm
(c) Threadworm (d) Liver fluke
RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) Sponges are devoid of respiratory, excretory, 19. The body of ………. is made up of two layers of
and circulatory organs. Sponges are sessile and cell.
sedentary and grow like plants. Sponges live in an (a) Coelenterata (b) Nematoda
aquatic habitat as they have to have an intimate contact (c) Annelida (d) Platyhelminthes
with water. They are attached to the substratum in RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-II)
colonial state and do not move. They have the ability to Ans. (a) Coelenterates are the multicellular organisms.The
absorb and withhold fluids.
body wall is diploblastic. It is made up of two layers of
15. What is a sponge in biology? cells, namely the ectoderm and the endoderm with a non–
(a) A fungus (b) A fossil cellular layer called mesoglea in between. e.g. Hydra.
(c) A plant (d) An animal 20. Hydra, Starfish, Planaria are produced by
RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-I) which of the following processes?
Ans. (d) The sponge is an animal in biology. (a) Fission (b) Spore generation
(c) Budding (d) Regeneration
RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-II)
(iii) Coelenterata Ans : (d) If the living organism becomes deformed or
breaks into few pieces due to some reasons, then many
16. Which of the following organisms can pieces grow and develop into a new organism.
reproduce by regeneration and budding? Example: If simple beings like Hydra and Planaria are
(a) Yeast (b) Plasmodium cut into many pieces, then each piece can develop into
(c) Hydra (d) Planaria
new organism. This is called regeneration.
RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-II)
RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-II) 21. Hydra reproduces by -
RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-II) (a) Fission (b) Multiple fission
Ans : (c) (c) Budding (d) Binary fission
■ Hydra usually remains attached to submerged RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-II)
vegetation or with any solid object in the water of Ans. (c) Hydra reproduces by budding mainly.
ponds, lakes and pits etc. It is also occasionally Respiratory, excretory and circulatory system are
motile. It is the animal of Phylum Cnidaria or absent. It's length is 1 to 2 cm.
Coelenterata. 22. The new organism developed by bud is –––.
■ Hydra appears tubular and flexible .The hypostome (a) Germ (b) Paramecium
bears an aperture at its apex called mouth which (c) Hydra (d) Amoeba
opens into the gastro vascular cavity or enteron.The
hypostome is encircled by a circlet of 6-10 RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-I)
tentacles. Ans. (c) : See the explanation of the above question.
■ Tentacles help Hydra in locomotion and hunting. 23. Who among the following reproduce through
17. Which of the following body is made up of two budding?
layers of cells? (a) Hydra (b) Euglena
(a) Liver fluke (b) Planaria (c) Amoeba (d) Plasmodium
(c) Tapeworm (d) Hydra RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-III)
RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-III) Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question.
Ans. (d): Hydra is an organism of Phylum 24. Which one of the following animals is not
Coelenterata. The body of Hydra is radially triploblastic?
symmetrical and diploblastic, i.e the body is made up (a) Jellyfish (b) Ascaris
of two layers of cells- One layer makes up the cells (c) Earthworms (d) Planaria
outside the body (ectoderm), and the other forms the RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-II)
inner lining of the body (endoderm). They reproduce Ans : (a) Diploblastic animals have two germinal layers
sexually and asexually and have ability to regenerate. (ectoderm and endoderm) during embryonic
18. Reproduction may occur by budding in development, e.g., Poriferans. Triploblastic animals
............. . have three germinal layers (ectoderm, mesoderm and
(a) Lobster (b) Starfish
endoderm) during embryonic development, e.g.,
(c) Hydra (d) Earthworm
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I) Platyhelminthes. Jellyfish and Aurellia are the members
of Phylum Coelenterata which are diploblastic.
Ans : (c) Budding is a type of asexual reproduction,
which is most commonly associated in both Planaria, Ascaris and Earthworm are triploblastic.
multicellular and unicellular organism. Reproduction 25. Which of the following animals reproduce by
occurs in Hydra by budding in favourable budding and can perform regeneration?
conditions.Budding in hydra involves a small bud (a) Planaria (b) Hydra
which is developed from its parent hydra through the (c) Plasmodium (d) Yeast
repeated mitotic division of its cells. RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Hydra is the animal of Phylum Cnidaria. It is Ans. (a) An example of an endogenous parasite is Tape
microscopic in shape. Hydra usually reproduces worm.
asexually by budding, a process by which small 31. Named as................flat worm has very simple
portions of the adult structure become new, but eyes that are really eye spot which detect light.
genetically identical, individuals. This process is known (a) Ascaris (b) Planaria
as regeneration. All known Cnidaria can reproduce (c) Liver fluke (d) Tapeworm
asexually by various means, in addition to regenerating
RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-II)
after being fragmented.
Ans. (b) Planaria is flat parasitic tape worm. They have
26. Reproduction can occur through budding in
………. . bilateral symmetry and flattened dorsoventrally body.
(a) Lobster (b) Starfish Planaria has very simple eyes that are really eye spot
(c) Hydra (d) Earthworm (ocelli) which detect light.
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I) 32. The tapeworm is related to phylum ……………
Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. (a) Aschelminthes (b) Annelida
27. ...........uses regenerative cells for reproduction (c) Platyhelminthes (d) Nematoda
in the process of budding. RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-I)
(a) Yeast (b) Amoeba Ans. (c) The word ‘Platyhelminthes’ is made up of two
(c) Planaria (d) Hydra Greek words; Platy = Flat, and helminthes = Worm.
RRB Group-D 11-12-2018 (Shift-II) The term Platyhelminthes means flat worm, most of
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. which are parasites. Tapeworm belongs to the phylum
Platyhelminthes. They are protostomes but lack body
(iv) Platyhelminthes coelom.

28. Which phylum of animals is also called (v) Aschelminthes

flatworms?
(a) Coelenterate (b) Nematoda
(c) Porifera (d) Platyhelminthes 33. Which of the following systems is NOT found
RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-III) in nematodes?
Ans. (d) Animals of platyhelminthes is also called (a) Digestive system
flatworms. Prominent features of Phylum (b) Excretory system
Platyhelminthes are - (c) Respiratory system
(1) Body is triploblastic, acoelomate, and bilaterally (d) Reproductive system
symmetrical. RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
(2) Their body is dorsoventrally flattened without any Ans. (c) Nematodes are the worms of the large phylum
segments, this is why they are called flatworms. Nematoda, such as a roundworm or threadworm. They
(3) They do not have a digestive tract but excretes by
are mostly aquatic, free living or parasitic. They have
the flame cells
digestive system, excretory system, reproductive system
(4) They are devoid of skeletons, respiratory organs,
transport organs etc. but no respiratory or circulatory systems found.
(5) They are hermaphrodites, i.e., both male and 34. ............. is general name of Ascaris.
female organs are present in the same body. (a) Pin worm
Such as Planaria, Liver fluke, Tape worm, etc. (b) Earth worm
29. Which of the following animals have very (c) Round worm
simple eyes, in fact the only eye spot that (d) Tape worm
recognizes light? RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-II)
(a) Tape worm (b) Planaria Ans. (c) The round worm is general name of Ascaris.
(c) Round worm (d) Ascaris Ascaris is a monogenetic parasite present in small
RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-III) Intestine of mammals. Ascaris lumbricoides affects
Ans. (b) Planaria is a member of phylum humans and causes the disease ascariasis.
Platyhelminthes (flatworm) of the fauna. This is
grouped in class Turbellaria. Planarians have ocelli
(eyespots) that allows the presence and intensity of light (vi) Annelida
to be determined. These structures acts as
photoreceptors. They move away from light. 35. ........... does not belong to class Annelida.
30. Which of the following is an example of (a) Earthworm
endogenous parasite? (b) Nereis
(a) Tape worm (b) body lice (c) Leech
(c) Ticks (d) Hair lice (d) Ascaris
RRB JE 01.06.2019 (Shift-I) RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d) Class Annelida is also known as ring worms or
segmented worms. It is a large phylum containing more
than 1000 known species, including ring worm,
earthworms, nereis, leeches, etc. They are mostly
aquatic; marine or freshwater, some terrestrial,
burrowing or tubicolous, sedentary or free-living, some
commensal and parasitic. Their circulation system is
closed type. Excretion is by metamerically disposed
coiled tubes; nephridia. Ascaris belong to class
chromadorea.
36. Leech belongs to which phylum?
(a) Annelida (b) Platyhelminthes
(c) Mollusca (d) Protochordata
RRB NTPC 06.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Annelida is the phylum that includes
earthworm and leech. Body of these organisms are
metamerically segmented and hence the name Annelida.
37. Earthworm is related to which of these animal
species?
(a) Porifera (b) Annelida
(c) Mollusca (d) Arthropoda
RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-07, Yellow paper)
Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question.
38. Which one of the following organisms does not
reproduce by budding?
(a) Coral (b) Hydra
(c) Sponge (d) Annelida
RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) An earthworm is a segmented worm; a
terrestrial invertebrate belonging to the phylum
Annelida. They are the common inhabitants of moist
soil and feed on organic matter. It can not reproduce
through budding. Coral and Hydra are members of
family Cnidaria, reproduce asexually by budding.
Sponge is member of phylum Porifera; reproduce
asexually by budding or fission. Earthworm reproduces
sexually only.
39. Earthworms belong to which of the following
phylum?
(a) Arthropoda (b) Mollusca
(c) Annelida (d) Protozoa
RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Red Paper)
Ans. (c) : Earthworms belong to phylum Annelida.
Phylum Arthropoda - Cockroach, lobster, insects,
spiders, ants, bees, crabs, shrimps, millipedes, centipedes
etc.
Phylum Mollusca – Snails, octopuses, squid, clams,
scallops, oysters, and chitons
Phylum Protozoa – Amoebozoa, Giardia lamblia,
Leishmania, Plasmodium falciparum, Entamoeba
histolytica etc.
40. Cutaneous respiration occurs in ……….
(a) Bird (b) Human
(c) Earthworm (d) Fish
RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) Cutaneous respiration occurs in Earthworm.
(vii) Arthropoda
41. Plant kingdom is divided into groups. Which of
the following options is not one of them?
(a) Arthopoda (b) Thallophytes
(c) Angiosperms (d) Gymnosperms
RRB NTPC 24.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Arthropoda is not related to plant kingdom.
Arthropoda is probably the largest group of animals.
These animals are bilaterally symmetrical and
segmented. Some familiar examples are prawns,
butterflies, houseflies, spiders, scorpions and crabs.
Biologists, such as Ernst Haeckel (1894), Robert
Whittaker (1959) and Carl Woese (1977) have tried to
classify all living organisms into broad categories,
called kingdom. Whittaker proposed an elaborate five
kingdom classification Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae
and Animalia.
42. Which of the following phyla of animals have
jointed legs?
(a) Nematode (b) Echinodermata
(c) Annelida (d) Arthropod
RRB NTPC 27.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) The word arthropod is a combination of two
Greek words - arthron meaning 'joint' and pod meaning
'foot'. All arthropods have jointed legs, claws, and body
segments. Arthropods have segmented bodies. Each
body segment usually has a pair of appendages. Their
body has three segments called the head, thorax, and
abdomen.
43. Insects breathe through:
(a) lungs (b) skin
(c) gills (d) spiracles
RRB NTPC 04.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) : For insects, respiration is separate from the
circulatory system. Oxygen and carbon dioxide gases
are exchanged through a network of tubes called
trachea. Instead of nostrils, insects breathe through
openings in the thorax and abdomen called spiracles.
44. The respiratory organ in a cockroach is ____ .
(a) Lungs (b) Gills
(c) Skin (d) Respiratory senses
RRB NTPC 26.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) In Cockroach, respiration occurs through
spiracles respiratory sense, a small opening on the sides
of its body. When air through external openings, enters
into its respiratory system, spiracles serve as muscular
valves paving way to the internal respiratory system.
The respiratory organ of cockroach is referred to as
trachea.
45. The correct order of the four states of lifecycle
of mosquitoes is:
(a) egg, larva, imago, pupa
(b) imago, egg, larva, pupa
(c) egg, larva, pupa, imago
(d) egg, pupa, imago, larva
RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) : The life cycle of a mosquito is of 21 days.
Within 24 hours the developed egg became larva and
then after 4-5 days it gets converted into pupa. Hence
correct order will be:
Egg → Larva → Pupa → Imago
46. Organisms belonging to phylum…………….
have jointed legs.
(a) Porifera (b) Mollusca
(c) Arthropoda (d) Annelida
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Phylum Arthropoda is the largest phylum of
the animal kingdom. They can be found in all types of
habitats – land, water and soil. The body is segmented
into three regions – Head, Thorax and Abdomen. The
exoskeleton is hardened and is made of chitin, which is
a waterproof tough polysaccharide. They have joint
appendages for locomotion. Some arthopods have one
pair of wings.
47. ...................... is the largest group of animals.
(a) Nematoda (b) Arthropoda
(c) Annelida (d) Mollusca
RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-III)
RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-I)
RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-II)
RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) Phylum Arthropoda is the largest phylum of
the animal kingdom. It aptly describes the enormous
number of invertebrates included in this phylum.
Arthropoda dominate the animal kingdom with an
estimated 85 percent of known species included in this
phylum. Their body has joint appendages which help in
locomotion. They have a chitinous exo-skeleton and
head bears a pair of compound eyes. They are unisexual
and fertilization is either external or internal. They
contain sensory organs like hairs, antennae, simple and
compound eyes, auditory organs, and statocysts. Ex.-
Cockroach, Crab, Butterfly, Lobster etc.
48. Which of the following is the largest phylum of
animal?
(a) Nematoda (b) Porifera
(c) Arthropoda (d) Mollusca
RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question.
49. Which of the following has maximum legs?
(a) Spider (b) Millipede
(c) Centipede (d) Hunting moth
RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans: (b) Millipedes are arthropod with thousand-legged
invertebrates with an exoskeleton, a segmented body
and joint appendages. Arthropods also have a hemocoel,
an open body cavity in which blood flows and bathes
the tissues and organs. Spider belongs to phylum
Arthopoda.
50. Which of the following organisms cannot be
called a 'social insect'?
(a) Bee (b) Beetle
(c) Termite (d) Ant
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) Beetle cannot be called social insect. Beetles
are member of phylum Arthopoda and are winged
insects that have tough outer wings like a shield. All
beetles have two sets of wings – their body is covered
by a hard shell (called an elytra) that protects the thin
wings underneath that are used for flying.
51. ...............is the largest group of animals
probably.
(a) Mollusca (b) Annelida
(c) Echinodermata (d) Arthropoda
RRB Group-D 01-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d) Arthropods have what is referred to as an open
circulatory system. Trachea, gills and book lungs act as
respiratory organ in Arthropods. Examples- Cockroach,
Lobster, Bedbug, Housefly, Mosquito etc.
52. Which of the following is the excretory organ of
cockroaches and other insects?
(a) Antennary glands (b) Malpighian tubules
(c) Nephridia (d) Trachea
RRB NTPC 11.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Malpighian tubules constitute the excretory
organs of cockroach and other insects. Nephridia are
found as excretory organs in earthworms. Flame cells
are known as excretory organs of Platyhelminth.
53. The zoological name of the common housefly
is:
(a) Musca domestica (b) Triticum aestivum
(c) Fannia (d) Homo sapiens
RRB NTPC 07.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) The scientific name of the house fly is Musca
domestica. Other than this, Triticum aestivum is the
scientific name of wheat. Homo sapiens is the scientific
name of human.
54. How many pair of eyes do spiders have?
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 4 (d) 8
RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) 4 pairs of eyes are found in spiders, but they
don't have very clear vision. Spider belongs to phylum
Arthopoda. The body of a spider is divided into two
regions, cephalothorax and abdomen, attached by a
narrow pedicel. There are around 40,000 species of
spiders identified in the world and the diversity of
species is truly incredible.
55. Which of these insects has teeth?
(a) Bee
(b) Housefly
(c) Butterfly
(d) Wasp and Bumble bee
RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) Wasps and Bumble bee have teeth.
 61. What is an Abalone?
(viii) Mollusca (a) A big star
(b) Asmall fighter plane
56. Which of the following is not related to Phylum (c) An underground city
Mollusca?
(d) An edible sea snail
(a) Snail (b) Antedon
(c) Octopus (d) Chiton RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-II) Ans : (d) Abalone is an edible sea snail. Snail, Pila,
Ans : (b) The animals belonging to the phylum Dentalium, Octopus, Squid, Chiton etc. belong to
Mollusca have soft-bodies, triploblastic and bilaterally phylum Mollusca. Molluscs are protected by shell
symmetrical. The most universal feature of molluscs is usually. The scientific study of mollusca is called
that they use single organ for many functions. Snail, Malacology.
Octopus and Chiton belong to phylum Mollusca but
Antedon belongs to phylum Echinodermata.
(ix) Echinodermata
57. Which of the following animals is NOT an
example of Mollusca?
62. Which group of animals are exclusively free-
(a) Scolopendra (b) Unio
living marine animals?
(c) Octopus (d) Snail
(a) Arthropoda (b) Echinodermata
RRB NTPC 23.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
(c) Mollusca (d) Nematoda
Ans. (a) Mollusca are soft unsegmented body with a
hard calcareous shell to protect the soft body. They have RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-III)
a muscular foot to help in locomotion and also to act as Ans. (b) Phylum echinodermata animals are
a weapon in some cases, for eg - Oyster, Snail, Slug, exclusively free living marine animal.The Echinoderms
Pila etc. Octopus, Snail, Unio belongs to phylum are found in sea-depths as well as in the intertidal zones.
mollusca whereas Scolopendra belongs to Arthropoda. They have a star-like appearance and are spherical or
58. Which of the following organism belongs to elongated. Phylum Arthropoda, mollusca and nematoda
Phylum Mollusca? organisms belong to freshwater or marine both aquatic
(a) Cockroach (b) Snail habitat.
(c) Earthworm (d) Starfish 63. ........... are completely free-living sea
RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist organisms.
Ans : (b) Snail belongs to phylum Mollusca. It is found (a) Mollusca (b) Arthropoda
on the banks of ponds, lakes and rivers. Conch shell
used in temple, is calcerous exoskeleton shell of snail. (c) Echinodermata (d) Nematoda
Organisms - Phylum RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Earthworm – Annelida Ans. (c) Echinodermata are exclusively marine
Cockroach – Arthropoda organisms. Sea stars, sea cucumbers, sea urchins, sand
Starfish - Echinodermata dollars, and brittle stars are all examples of
59. What is the colour of Octopus blood? echinoderms.Echinodermata are bilateral symmetric,
(a) Red (b) Blue deuterostomic eucoelomates which have hard, spiny and
(c) Pink (d) Black calcareous skin. The body surface is covered with
RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist calcareous spicules.
Ans : (b) Octopus belongs to Phylum Mollusca. 64. The members of phylum ...... are exclusively
Octopus contains respiratory pigment Hemocyanin, due free-living marine animals.
to which the colour of blood is blue. Copper metal is
(a) Echinodermata (b) Arthropoda
found in Hemocyanin.
(c) Nematoda (d) Mollusca
60. Which of the following animals can change
their sex? RRB NTPC 03.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
(a) Planaria (b) Snail Ans.(a) The members of phylum Echinodermata are
(c) Ascaris (d) Neris exclusively free-living marine animals and
RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-III) characterised by a hard, spiny covering or skin. Sea
Ans : (b) Some species may change their sex . Some cucumbers are elongated, soft- bodied ehinoderms,
species exhibit sequential hermaphroditism. In these while sea urchins are globular and spiny. Examples: Sea
species, such as many species of coral reef fishes, sex lilies, starfishes, basket stars and serpent stars.
change is a normal anatomical process. Clownfish, 65. Water vascular system is found in ––––––––––.
wrasses, moray eels, gobies and other fish species are (a) Sea cucumber (b) Sea anemone
known to change sex, including reproductive (c) Sea pen (d) Sea horse
functions.Snail also can change its sex. RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) Water vascular system is found in Sea
cucumber; member of phylum Echinodermata. Water
vascular system is salient feature of Ecinoderms due to
which they conduct vital activities such as respiration,
locomotion etc.
66. Starfish belongs to phylum ........... .
(a) Echinodermata (b) Annelida
(c) Porifera (d) Nematoda
RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) The organisms belonging to the phylum
Echinodermata are exclusively marine which are spiny-
skinned. Body cavity has the distinguishing water
vascular system. These unisexual organism body is
divided in five armed structure and triploblastic.
Starfish is organism of phylum Echinodermata. Sea
Urchin, Sea cucumber are example of phylum
Echinodermata.
67. Phylum ………. are exclusively free living
marine organisms.
(a) Nematoda (b) Mollusca
(c) Arthropoda (d) Echinodermata
RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
68. ............ the only fish found in the sea is -
(a) Jelly fish (b) Silver fish
(c) Dog fish (d) Star fish
RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) The calcareous spiny exo-skeleton is found in
the animals of phylum Echinodermata, hence they are
named Echinodermata (spiny body). They all are
marine.
Asterias, star fish, sea urchins, sea lilies etc. are
members of this phylum. Jelly fish (Aurelia) is a
member of the phylum Cnidaria; Silver Fish is a
member of the Arthropoda, Dog Fish (Scolidon) is a
member of the class Chondrichthyes of phylum
Chordata.These are found in freshwater and marine
both.
(x) Chordata
69. Which of the following is not a characteristic
feature of vertebrates?
(a) Notocord (b) Radial symmetry
(c) Endoskeleton (d) Bilateral symmetry
RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) The notochord, endoskeleton and bilateral
symmetry etc. are characteristic features of vertebrates.
Vertebrates are the animals that possess a vertebral
column or notochord at any point in their lives. Radial
symmetry is found in the class Ecinodermata in which
the body of an organism could be divided into two
equal halves by cutting through any place passing
through the central axis. Animals belonging to phylum
Echinodermata can be equally divided by cutting
through specific radii.
70. Which of the following is not a vertebrate
organism?
(a) Earthworm (b) Lizard
(c) Fish (d) Frog
RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) Vertebrates are the animals that possess a
vertebral column or notochord at any point in their
lives.They have vertebral column made by bones and
cartilages which collectively made endoskeleton.. They
belong to phylum Chordata. Fish, lizards, frogs,
humans, etc. are vertebrates. Earthworm is an
invertebrate which are classified as phylum annelida.
71. Which of the following statements is incorrect?
All Chordata …………. .
(a) have dorsal nerve cord.
(b) are diploblastic.
(c) are coelomates.
(d) have notochord.
RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Phylum Chordata is the most modified group
of animal kingdom. This phylum has three basic
characteristic features–
(i) Dorsal nervous system.
(ii) Notocord.
(iii) Pharyngeal slits.
All vertebrates are triploblastic.
72. Which of the following is NOT a vertebrate
class?
(a) Annelida (b) Cyclostomata
(c) Pisces (d) Reptilia
RRB NTPC 09.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(a) Phylum Annelida also called segmented worm,
any member of phylum of invertebrate animals that are
characterized the possession of a body cavity, movable
bristles, and their body is divided into segments by
transverse rings/annulation from which they take their
name. Cyclostomata, Pisces and Reptiles are belonged
to class vertebrate.
73. Which of the following is not a feature of
vertebrates?
(a) They possess notochord at any point in their
lives.
(b) They are asymmetric.
(c) They are triploblastic.
(d) They are coelomate.
RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) The three fundamental features of vertebrates
are notochord, hollow dorsal nerve cord and pharyngeal
slits. They are bilaterally symmetrical, triploblastic and
coelomate. Post anal tail is an extension of the body
beyond the anus. In some chordates, the tail has skeletal
muscles, which help in locomotion.The heart is ventral,
with a closed circulatory system. Chordates show an
organ system level of organisation.

(i) Amphibia
74. ……….. occurs in amphibians and most
reptiles.
(a) Single chambered heart
(b) Three chambered heart
(c) Double chambered heart
(d) Four chambered heart
RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) Amphibians and reptiles have three
chambered hearts, which have two atria and one
ventricle. Fishes have two chambered heart (one atrium
and one ventricle). Similarly, crocodiles (reptiles), birds
and mammals have four chambered heart (two atria and
two ventricles).
75. Which of the following is also known as the
'tree frog'?
(a) Rana Tigrina (b) Toad
(c) Salamander (d) Hyla
RRB NTPC 21.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) : Hyla is known as the ‘Tree frog’. It belongs
to the order Anura. Hyla is an arboreal animal. The tree
frogs belong to the genus Hyla. They are mainly found
in Europe, Asia, Africa and across the America. They
can change their colour from green to grey or yellow for
better camouflage.
76. Rana tigrina is the scientific name of which
animal?
(a) Wolf (b) Asian Frog
(c) Tiger (d) Leopard
RRB NTPC 27.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Rana tigrina is the scientific name of Asian
frog.
Some animal with their scientific name are as follow-
1) Wolf Canis lupus
2) Tiger Panthera tigris
3) Leopard Panthera pardus
77. Amphibians have ……………. .
(a) Dry and non-glandular skin with scales.
(b) Dry and non-glandular skin with feathers.
(c) Glandular skin with hair.
(d) Glandular skin without feathers.
RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d) Amphibians falls between class pisces and
reptiles. Amphibians are aquatic and terrestrial
vertebrates. They are ectotherms. 3000 species are
found in this class. They do not have scales, hair or
feathers on their body, but their skin is smooth due to
mucus glands. The frog is a representative organism of
class Amphibia.
78. In which of the following class, animals lacks
scales and have mucus glands in the skin?
(a) Reptile (b) Fish
(c) Amphibians (d) Aves
RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question.
79. Respiration occurs by gills or lungs in animals
of class………….. .
(a) Pisces (b) Reptile
(c) Aves (d) Amphibian
RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) In amphibians, gills or lungs are the organs
that help in receiving oxygen from water.
80. Which of the following comes under the
'amphibia' class of animals?
(a) Toad (b) Pigeon
(c) Cat (d) Turtle
RRB NTPC 04.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Amphibia is a class in the sub-phylum
Vertebrata of the Phylum Chordata, so they have all of
the characteristics of both of these groups. Class
Amphibia includes the Gymnophiona (caecilians),
Urodela (newts and salamanders) and Anura (frogs and
toads).
81. Which of the following is not an amphibian?
(a) Hyla (b) Crocodile
(c) Toad (d) Salamander
RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) Hyla, Toad, Salamander proteus and Necturus
etc. are amphibian animals. Their body is adapted to
live in both water and land whereas the crocodile
belongs to class Reptilia. All animals of this class crawl
on the ground, walls, trees etc., but some species also
live in water.
(ii) Reptiles
82. Class Reptilia has…………. .
(a) Dry and non-glandular skin with scales.
(b) Glandular skin with hair.
(c) Dry and non-glandular skin with feathers.
(d) Dry and non-glandular skin with hair.
RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) All organisms of class Reptilia crawl on the
ground walls and trees etc. They are cold-blooded
animal. Their skin have epidermal horny scales. Their
internal skeleton is made of bone. Their skin is dry
because they do not have glands.
83. Which class of animals have dry and non-
glandular skin?
(a) Amphibian (b) Mammalia
(c) Aves (d) Reptilia
RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
84. Most reptiles have a ––––––––.
(a) Four-chambered heart.
(b) Incomplete three-chambered heart.
(c) Three-chambered heart
(d) Double- chambered heart
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) Most reptiles have a three-chambered heart.
Reptile hearts have three chambers two atria and one
ventricle.
85. Egg laying organisms are known as ……… . 92. Class Aves has ………………. .
(a) Rhizome organism (a) Dry and non-glandular skin without hair.
(b) Viviparous (b) Dry and non-glandular skin with wings.
(c) Oviparous (c) Dry and non-glandular skin without wings.
(d) Regenerative organisms (d) Dry and non-glandular skin with hair.
RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-II) RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) Egg-laying animals are called oviparous. All Ans : (b) Birds are warm-blooded animals.There is no
the animals of this class crawl on the ground, walls and skin gland except the oil gland present in birds.Their
trees, etc. that is why they are classified in class forelimbs are modified into wings. The hind limbs are
Reptilia . Many types of lizards, snakes, crocodiles, adapted for walking, perching, and swimming.The heart
turtles and pythons belong to this class. is four-chambered. There are epidermal scales on their
86. What kind of animals are called Oviparous? one paired legs.
(a) Newborn baby (b) Newborn
93. What is the speed of Falcon bird?
(c) Egg-laying (d) Starfish
(a) 215 km/h (b) 105 km/h
RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-II)
(c) 410 km/h (d) 320 km/h
Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question.
RRB NTPC 26.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
87. Egg laying animals are called:
(a) Unicellular (b) Viviparous Ans. (d) Peregrine Falcon is best known for its diving
(c) Mitosis (d) Oviparous speed during flight which can reach more than 300
RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-III) km/hour. Peregrine has been listed as a species of least
Ans. (d) Egg laying animals are called Oviparous . concern by IUCN since 2015.
88. Youngones of crocodile is called: 94. Which is only bird that can fly backwards?
(a) Codling (b) Gosling (a) Hummingbird (b) Kiwi
(c) Fingerlings (d) Hatchling (c) Albatross (d) Eagle
RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) A crocodile baby is called a hatchling. A Ans : (a) Hummingbirds are the only birds that can fly
codfish baby is called codling, a goose baby is called backwards and upside down , belongs to family
gosling while a fish baby is called fingerling. Trochilidae(family of smallest birds) . They are the
89. Which one of the following animal is not smallest migrating bird, measuring 7.5–13 centimeters
related to class Reptilia? in length and weight less than 2.5 gm, generally.With
(a) Tortoise (b) Crocodile rapid metabolism, hummingbirds have a long lifespan.
(c) Toad (d) Snake 95. Which of the following bird has the smallest
RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-II) egg?
Ans : (c) Reptiles are a group of creatures that move (a) Sparrow (b) Nightingale
on the earth by crawling . Snakes, lizards, crocodiles etc (c) Martin (d) Hummingbird
belong to this group. Toads are generally like frogs are RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I)
amphibians. Ans. (d) The hummingbird has the smallest egg.
90. Crocodiles have ............. in the heart. 96. Which of the following is a body cavity filled
(a) Two chamber (b) Four chamber with air?
(c) One chamber (d) Six chamber (a) Sinus (b) Bone
RRB NTPC 23.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Cartilage (d) Tendon
Ans. (b) Crocodiles are the only reptiles which have a RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III)
four-chambered heart (two atrium and two ventricles) Ans. (a) Sinus is an air-filled body cavity.
because of most complicated blood circulation of all 97. What is specific feature about Sword-billed
vertebrates. hummingbird?
(a) It is the smallest bird in the world.
(iii) Aves (b) Its beak is longer than rest of its body.
(c) It lives only in Antarctica.
91. Aves include: (d) It can not fly.
(a) Bird (b) Aquatic RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
(c) Mammals (d) Pisces Ans : (b) The sword-billed hummingbird is a
RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-I) neotropical species of hummingbird from the Andean
Ans. (a) All the birds come in the class Aves. Members regions of South America (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador,
of this class exhibit one of the most beautiful and visually Peru, Venezuela). Its most prominent feature is that its
stunning features such as bright and contrasting colours, beak is longer than rest of its body.
unique patterns and a wide variety of striking poses . 98. Which of the following is a vertebrate?
They have plumage of soft feathers on their skin. Birds (a) Kiwi (b) Sponges
are warm-blooded animals. Their forelimbs are modified (c) Starfish (d) Threadworm
into wings. RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Kiwi is a bird found in New Zealand in which
vertebra is found. This is the national bird of New
Zealand. Kiwi prefer to live in burrows they make in
forested areas. They either make their burrows in the
ground between the roots of trees, or in hidden sheltered
places such as hollow logs. Kiwi line their burrows with
leaves to make them more comfortable and warm.
99. The study of birds is called__________.
(a) Herpetology
(b) Ophthalmology
(c) Anthropology
(d) Ornithology
RRB NTPC 18.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) The study of birds is called Ornithology. The
clinical study of eyes is called Ophthalmology. The
study of human evolution is called Anthropology.The
study of ambhibians (frogs, toads and salamanders) is
called Herpetology.
100. Aves has
(a) Two chambered heart
(b) Four chambered heart
(c) Three chambered heart
(d) Single chambered heart
RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) Aves belong to the phylum Chordata of the
animal kingdom. It has about 9,000 species. Aves are
adapted to fly. All the birds come in the class Aves.
Birds are warm-blooded animals i.e., they are able to
maintain a constant body temperature. Body is boat
shaped. It is divided into head, neck, trunk and tail. A
cover of soft feathers is present all over the body of all
the birds, that is called "plumage". Heart is four
chambered.
101. Which of the following birds is a critically
endangered species?
(a) Great Indian Bustard
(b) Cuckoo
(c) Peacock
(d) Crow
RRB NTPC 27.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Great Indian Bustard (Ardeotis nigriceps) is a
bustard found on the Indian subcontinent. Once
common on the dry plains of the Indian subcontinent,
as few as 150 individuals were estimated to survive in
2018 and the species is critically endangered by
hunting and loss of its habitat. It is protected under
Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 of India.
102. Name the only bird that can fly backwards.
(a) Penguin (b) Hummingbird
(c) Sparrow (d) Wood pecker
RRB NTPC 18.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Humming-bird is the only bird that can fly
backwards. It has unique ball and socket on its
shoulders that makes it capable to move its wings 180º
direction.
103. Animals from class ........... are warm-blooded
animals.
(a) Aves (b) Reptilia
(c) Amphibian (d) Pisces
RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) Warm-blooded animals are defined as the
animals which can regulate and maintain constant
internal body temperature.They can survive in any
temperature range as they can adapt to it easily. They
are known as Homoiothermous.
104. Which of the following class of animals are
warm blooded?
(a) Amphibian (b) Aves
(c) Reptilia (d) Pisces
RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) see the explanation of the above question.
105. Which one of the following animal is warm
blooded?
(a) Pigeon (b) Fish
(c) Frog (b) Crocodile
RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) Warm-blooded animals are defined as the
animals which can regulate and maintain constant
internal body temperature. They can survive in any
temperature range as they can adapt to it easily. Aves,
mammals are the best examples of warm-blooded
animals. Cold-blooded animals can be defined as the
animals which cannot regulate their internal body
temperature with the change in the environment. They
cannot survive in extreme temperature conditions.
Examples of cold-blooded animals are reptiles, fish, etc.
106. Which one of the following animals does not
usually lay eggs in its nest?
(a) Sparrow (b) Nightingale
(c) Pigeon (d) Parrot
RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) Common Nightingale usually does not lay
eggs in its nest.
(iv) Mammalia
107. Which of the following statements regarding
mammals is incorrect?
(a) Usually mammals have hair
(b) To feed the children, mammary glands are
present in them
(c) There are three chambers in their heart
(d) Some mammals lay eggs
RRB NTPC 06.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Class Mammalia is the group of vertebrate
animals in which young ones are nourished with milk
from special mammary glands of the mother. Mammals
have the following characteristics:
 1. The presence of hair or fur.
2. Sweat glands.
3. Glands specialized to produce milk, known as
mammary glands.
4. Three middle ear bones.
5. A neo-cortex region in the brain, which specializes
in seeing and hearing.
6. Specialized teeth.
7. A four-chambered heart.
8. Only 2 mammal lay eggs.
108. Which of the following option is an example of
marsupials?
(a) Kangaroo (b) Whale
(c) Giraffe (d) Rooster
RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Marsupial mammals are non-placental
mammals. They belong to infraclass Metatheria or
Marsupialia. Female marsupial generally posses
external pouch called as marsupium. Most common
example of marsupial mammal is Kangaroo. Other
examples include Wallaby, Koala, Wombat, Bilby, etc.
The young one of Kangaroo is known as Joey.
109. One humped camel is known as:
(a) Okapi (b) Ibex
(c) Dromedary (d) Elk
RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) One humped camel is known as Dromedary.
Bactrian camels have two humps. Camel is also called
‘ships of the desert’. Camels' humps consist of stored
fat, which they can metabolize when food and water is
scarce. It can travel for three weeks without drinking
water in sandy hot plains. It is used for riding and
carrying luggage.
110. What is the sound made by Seal called?
(a) Bark (b) Moo
(c) Screech (d) Growl
RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) The sound made by the seal fish is called
Bark.
111. Which is the largest mammal?
(a) Africa Elephant
(b) Male Hippopotamus
(c) Blue Whale
(d) Male Hammerhead Shark
RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) The largest mammal is Blue Whale. The fastest
land animal is Cheetah. The largest land animal is Africa
elephant. The tallest animal is Giraffe.
112. What is group of Dolphins called?
(a) Gang (b) Pod
(c) Colony (d) Sleuth
RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans :(b) The group of Dolphins are called Pod.
113. What is Lemur?
(a) A bone in the human body
(b) One type of developed cancer
(c) A simple machine
(d) An animal found in Madagascar
RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) Lemur is a member of the Primates group
found only on the island of Madagascar. Of the 101
species of Lemurs, 80 percent are on the verge of
extinction.
114. What is Vivipara?
(a) Vertebrates that are born alive
(b) Type of Cactus
(c) Type of Algae
(d) A mollusc
RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Vivipara animals are members of class
Vertebrate who give birth to fully developed offspring.
Mammals like humans, apes, cow and other mammals
are included in it. The circulatory system is fully
developed in vivipara.
115. Which one does not belong to the group?
(a) Panda Global (b) Rabbit
(c) Avast (d) Kaspersky
RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) The rabbit is a small mammal of family
Leporidae that is found in many places in the world.
Rabbits live in groups in forests, grasslands, deserts and
aquatic areas. Angora wool is obtained from rabbits.
Panda Global - is a professional ESOPS organization
based in the United States America.
Avast - is a software company headquartered in Prague,
Czech Republic.
Kaspersky - a Russian multi-national cyber security and
antivirus provider company.
116. Mammalian animals have ………. .
(a) One chambered heart
(b) Four chambered heart
(c) Two chambered heart
(d) Three chambered heart
RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Class Mammalia animals have four chambered
hearts in which two atria and two ventricles are present.
Blood enters the right atrium and passes through the
right ventricle. The right ventricle pumps the blood to
the lungs where it becomes oxygenated. Oxygenated
blood is brought back to the heart by the pulmonary
veins which enter the left atrium. The left ventricle
pumps the blood to the aorta which distributes the
oxygenated blood to all parts of the body.
Pisces have two chambered heart (one atrium and one
ventricle) while crocodile has three chambered heart
(two atria and one ventricle).
117. Warm-blooded organisms with four
chambered heart are ………….. .
(a) Reptiles (b) Mammals
(c) Pisces (d) Amphibian
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
118. How many heart chambers do mammals have?
(a) Four (b) Three
(c) Two (d) One
RRB NTPC 31.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
119. Mammals have ……… .
(a) Dry and glandular skin with wings.
(b) Glandular skin with hair.
(c) Dry and non-glandular skin with scales.
(d) Dry and non-glandular skin with wings.
RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) Mammals are a group of animals whose skin is
covered with sweat glands, sebaceous glands and hair
follicles.They have four chambered heart.
120. Complete the following statement.
Monoestrous occur :
(a) Two eggs.
(b) Twice ovulation in a day.
(c) Reproduction twice in a year.
(d) One breeding session in a year.
RRB Group-D 13-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d)Monoestrous organisms occur one breeding
session in a year. Such as - dog, cat, frog etc.
121. ....... gives birth to highly underdeveloped
offsprings-
(a) Cats (b) Kangaroo
(c) Bats (d) Mice
RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-II)
RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Kangaroos give birth to highly
underdeveloped offspring. Kangaroo is a mammal
found in Australia. It is also the national animal of
Australia. They were firstly seen by Captain James
Cook in 1770 AD and since then they introduced to
world. Kangaroo are marsupial mammals i.e non-
placental mammals. They belong to infraclass
Metatheria or Marsupialia. Female marsupial generally
posses external pouch called as marsupium.
As marsupials , kangaroos have pouches
called marsupiums that provide nourishment and
protection for their undeveloped young ones. Of these,
the largest, Red Giant Kangaroo is smaller than a horse
and the smallest, Musky rat Kangaroo is smaller than a
rabbit.
122. In the context of the wildlife of India, the flying
fox is ………… .
(a) A stork (b) A heron
(c) An eagle (d) A bat
RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) In the context of Indian wildlife, a flying fox
is a type of megabats without a tail, which head looks
like a fox. Its body is 20 to 25 cms long and hair is
black. It is found almost all over India.
123. Which of the following animals has the smallest
intestine?
(a) Cow (b) Rabbit
(c) Lion (d) Goat
RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Carnivores have smaller intestine than
herbivores. Herbivores have longer small intestine to
allow the cellulose to be digested completely. The
intestine would host many small bacteria that process
and breakdown cellulose into glucose.
124. Find a word that does not belong to this group.
(a) Reindeer (b) Snake
(c) Cow (d) Elephant
RRB Group-D 01-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) Reindeer, Cow and Elephant all three belong
to class Mammalia of Phylum Chordata while Snake
belongs to class Reptilia of Phylum Chordata.
125. Which one of the following animals can
produce ultrasonic sound?
(a) Elephant (b) Porpoise
(c) Shark (d) Moth
RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Porpoises can produce ultrasound. Bats, mice,
dolphins etc, can also produce ultrasaound. Harbour
porpoises are shy, elusive sea mammals; found
throughout the temperate coastal waters of the Northern
Hemisphere. The Harbour porpoise has been assessed
by IUCN as ‘Critically Endangered’.
126. Elephant, Bear, and Rhinoceros are organisms
of which species?
(a) Aves (b) Mammal
(c) Amphibian (d) Snake
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 19.01.2017 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) Elephant, Bear and Rhinoceros belong to
class Mammalia. Mammals are a group of animals that
produce young ones and feed their milk. These
organisms are vertebrate and warm blooded.
127. Human belongs to the class Mammalia which
does not contain one of the following. Which
one is that?
(a) Rat (b) Lizard
(c) Cat (d) Pig
RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans:(b) Mice, cats and pigs belong to class Mammalia,
while lizards belong to class Reptilia.
128. .......... is the most intelligent mammal on Earth.
(a) Dolphin (b) Elephant
(c) Deer (d) Hippos
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) The most intelligent mammal on earth is
Dolphin. The Ganges dolphin has been declared as the
national aquatic animal of India on 05 October 2009.
The Ganges dolphin found in the Ganges river is a blind
aquatic organism.
129. Which is the fastest land animal in the world?
(a) Dog (b) Cheetah
(c) Tiger d) Horse
RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) The fastest land animal is cheetah in the
world. Its scientific name is Acinonyx jubatus. It can
cover a distance of up to 460 meters in one jump and
gets speed up to 103 km per hour in just 3 seconds.
130. The animals that eat both plants and animals
are called
(a) Carnivores
(b) Herbivores
(c) Omnivores
(d) Neither carnivores, omnivores or herbivores
RRB NTPC 03.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Animals that eat plants are called herbivores
and animals that eat only meat are called carnivores
whereas animals who eat both plant and meat are called
omnivores. Some example of omnivores animals are
crow, human beings, dogs etc.
(v) Pisces
131. Fishes have ………. chambered heart.
(a) Three (b) Two
(c) One (d) Four
RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) Vertebrate fishes classified as lower vertebrate
in which two chambered heart is present. Fishes are the
aquatic and cold-blooded animals with a two-chambered
heart. Two chambered heart has one auricle and one
ventricle is found in fishes.
132. Fishes have -
(a) One chambered heart
(b) Two chambered heart
(c) Three chambered heart
(d) Four chambered heart
RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
133. Class Pisces are completely aquatic animals.
Which of the following is not a characteristic of
Pisces?
(a) Their skin is covered with scales
(b) They are warm blooded creatures
(c) Their hearts have only two chambers
(d) They obtain oxygen dissolved in water by
using their gills
RRB NTPC 24.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Pisces are fish. They are exclusively aquatic
animals. Their skin is covered with scales/plates. They
obtain oxygen dissolved in water by using gills. The
body is streamlined, and a muscular tail is used for
movements. They are cold-blooded and their hearts
have only two chambers.
134. Which of the following statements is NOT
TRUE about fishes?
(a) Blood is pumped through the fishes' gills and
gets oxygenated.
(b) Fishes have only two chambers to their
hearts.
(c) Fishes have double circulation.
(d) Blood goes only once in one cycle through
the heart of a fish.
RRB NTPC 16.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Fish have a closed circulatory system with a
heart that pumps blood around the body in a single loop
from the heart to the gills, from the gills to the rest of
the body, and then back to the heart. All the above
option is correct about fishes but option (c) is not
correct.
135. Which of the following is not a characterstic of
Pisces?
(a) Presence of pseudocoelom
(b) Endoskeleton of bone / cartilage
(c) Breathing through gills
(d) Exoskeleton of scales
RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) Salient features of class Pisces:
(i) The body is covered with thick-seated scales,
which helps by providing protection to the internal
organelles.
(ii) They contain gills for respiration in which
dissolved oxygen (O2) in water used.
(iii) These are cold-blooded organisms and their heart is
two chambered.
(iv) They lays eggs.
(v) Their internal skeleton is made of bone / cartilage
136. Fill in the blank for following statement by
using correct option among given below.
......... is a true fish.
(a) Cattle fish (b) Jelly fish
(c) Dog fish (d) Snake
RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c)
Animal Name Related phylum/Class
Cattle Fish – Mollusca
Aurelia or Jelly Fish – Cnidaria
Dog Fish – Chordata (class- Chondrichthyes)
Snake – Chordata (class- Reptilia)
137. Which of the following is a cartilaginous fish?
(a) Tuna (b) Shark
(c) Salmon (d) Rohu
RRB NTPC 03.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(b) Sharks are a group of elasmobranch fish
characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton, five to seven
gill slits on the sides of the head, and pectoral fins that
are not fused to the head. This is put in class
Chondrichthyes.
138. Which of the following organisms belongs to
class Pisces?
(a) Jellyfish (b) Dog fish
(c) Silverfish (d) Starfish
RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) Dog fish is also known as Scoliodon. It
belongs to class Pisces of phylum Chordata, while the
Jellyfish belongs to phylum Cnidaria, Silver Fish
belongs to phylum Arthropoda and Star Fish belongs to
phylum Echinodermata.
139. Which of the following has only two chambers Ans. (a) Bile juice is a yellowish fluid that is secreted
in the heart? by the liver. This juice is then stored in the gallbladder.
(a) Salamander (b) Cobra Bile juice helps in digestion of food.
(c) Frog (d) Rohu
3. After digestion, protein is converted into:
RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-I)
(a) Small globules (b) Starch
Ans. (d) Rohu fish (Pisces) have two chambered heart.
The body of the fish is streamlined and boat shaped. (c) Carbohydrates (d) Amino acids
Paired fins are present for floating instead of limbs . RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Respiration is done by gills. Impure blood is found in Ans. (d) In the stomach, protein digestion occurs with
them. They lack extra-embryonic membranes.The the aid of protease enzymes and pepsin enzymes, that
organisms belonging to this class are poikilotherms, break down proteins into amino acids. Amino acids are
meaning that they cannot regulate their own body responsible for the breaking down of food and they are
temperature. known as the building blocks of life. There are 20
140. Which among the following animal is different amino acids obtained after digestion of proteins.
from the other three?
4. What can humans NOT digest?
(a) Crocodile (b) Sea horse
(c) Tortoise (d) Frog (a) Cellulose (b) Starch
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 19.01.2017 (Shift-II) (c) Amino Acids (d) Glycogen
Ans : (b) Crocodiles, tortoises and frogs belong to sub RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
class Tetrapoda, while Sea horse is classified in class Ans (a). The digestive system of human has many
Pisces. enzyme, and acids to break down and digest all kinds of
141. How many chambers are present in heart of a different foods (carbohydrates, proteins and fats), but do
fish? not have the enzymes needed to break down cellulose.
(a) One (b) Three Cellulose is a complex carbohydrate, or polysaccharide,
(c) Four (d) Two consisting of 3000 or more glucose units. It forms the
RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-II) Stage IInd cell walls of all plants and trees and is used in making
Ans : (d) The fish has two chambered heart. Fish’s plastics, paper, etc. Animals like cows, goats, sheep and
heart pumps only impure blood. Respiration takes place other animals that graze, have the enzymes needed to
through gills and they are cold blooded animals. digest cellulose. So, human are unable to digest
142. Which is the most poisonous fish? cellulose due to the absence of appropriate enzymes.
(a) Puffer fish (b) Porcupine fish 5. Lactose intolerance is :
(c) Piranhas (d) Angler fish (a) a condition where small intestines are unable
RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist to break down gluten
Ans : (a) Puffer fish is the most poisonous fish. (b) a condition where fructose isn't efficiently
absorbed into the blood
9. Human Body (c) characterized by adverse reactions to gluten
(d) a condition in which the small intestines are
(i) Digestive System unable to break down the sugars found in
dairy products
1. Which of the following enzymes is secreted by RRB NTPC 15.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
the pancreas? Ans.(d) Lactose intolerance is the inability to break down
(a) Maltase (b) Lactase a type of natural sugar called lactose. Lactose is commonly
(c) Trypsin (d) Sucrase found in dairy products, such as milk and yogurt.Too little
RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-III) of an enzyme produced in small intestine (lactase) is
Ans : (c) The pancreas is the second major gland of the usually responsible for lactose intolerance.
human body. It produces pancreatic juice, which is 6. Which of the following has largest size in the
responsible for digestion. There are three types of
enzymes found in pancreatic juice – human body?
1. Trypsin: It converts proteins and peptones into (a) Thyroid (b) Liver
polypeptides and amino acids. (c) Spleen (d) Pancreas
2. Amylase: It converts starch into soluble sugars. RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper)
3. Lipase: It converts emulsified fats into glycerin and Ans.(b) The liver is the largest gland in the human
fatty acids. body. It weighs between 1.5 to 2.0 kg. It is situated in
2. Which of the following organs secretes bile the abdominal cavity, just below the diaphragm and has
juice? four lobes. The bile juice secreted by the liver is stored
(a) Liver (b) Heart in the gall bladder. This bile catalyzes the action of
(c) Kidney (d) Brain enzymes present in the intestine and protects body by
RRB NTPC 21.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist neutralizing toxins produced in the body.
7. Which among the following is the largest gland
in the human body?
(a) Esophageal glands (b) Mammary gland
(c) Liver (d) Sweat glands
RRB NTPC 21.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) See the explanation of the above question.
8. Which is the largest internal organ of human
body?
(a) Liver (b) Heart
(c) Pancreas (d) Kidney
RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
9. Sight of delicious food usually makes mouth
watery, it is a -
(a) Hormonal reaction
(b) Neurological reaction
(c) Visual response
(d) Olfactory reaction
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans. (b) Sight of delicious food usually makes mouth
watery, it is a neurological reaction. Mouth watering at
the sight of tasty food is called salivation. Salivation is a
nerve-mediated reflex. On the sight of food, how much
saliva produced in mouth is depends upon the intensity
and type of taste and also on tactile stimulation.
Moreover , a reflex action is defined as an involuntary
response shown by body in response to a sudden
stimuli.
10. A protruding part of the throat that is
responsible for growing voice box in boys is
called:
(a) Larynx (b) Testosterone
(c) Pharynx (d) Adam's apple
RRB NTPC 11.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) A protruding part of the throat that is
responsible for growing voice box in boys is called
Adam's apple. At puberty, the voice box or the larynx
begins to grow. Boys develop larger voice boxes. The
growing voice box in boys can be seen as a protruding
part of the throat called Adam's apple. The larynx,
commonly called the voice box or glottis, is the
passageway for air between the pharynx above and the
trachea below. The larynx plays an essential role in
human speech. The thyroid cartilage is the Adam's
apple. The epiglottis acts like a trap door to keep food
and other particles from entering the larynx.
11. The secretion of bile in human occurs in -
(a) Pancreas (b) Small intestine
(c) Oesophagus (d) Liver
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans. (d) Bile secreted by the hepatic cells of liver,
passes through the hepatic ducts and is stored and
concentrated in a thin muscular sac called gall bladder.
Bile is made up of essential acids for digestion,
absorption and the breaking down of fats. Bile secretion
in stomach is caused due to reflex actions.
12. Which of the following acids does our stomach
produce that helps in digestion?
(a) Nitric acid (b) Perchloric acid
(c) Hydrochloric acid (d) Sulphuric acid
RRB NTPC 23.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Hydrochloric acid is produced in the stomach
which help in he digestion of food. The hydrochloric
acid in the gastric juice breaks down the food and the
digestive enzymes split up the proteins. Hydrochloric
acid contributes to protein digestion by supplying HCl
which activates pepsinogen, the precursor to pepsin.
HCl activates the enzyme pepsin which aids in the
digestion of proteins by breaking amio acid bonds and it
breaks up connective tissues and plant cell walls.
13. Bile is secreted from:
(a) Stomach (b) Liver
(c) Large intestine (d) Gall bladder
RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-08, Green paper)
Ans : (b) Bile releases through the liver. Bile kills
harmful germs present in food. The organic salts present
in the bile alkaline the food coming from the stomach,
so that the pancreatic juice can function.
14. Which of the following animals has a
comparatively long intestine?
(a) Fox (b) Tiger
(c) Dog (d) Rabbit
RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans. (d) The rabbit has a comparatively long intestine
among given animals. Herbivores animals have small
intestine larger than that of carnivorous animals because
herbivores digest cellulose completely and cellulose
digestion takes longer time.
15. Tooth decay starts when pH of the mouth is
lower than ………. .
(a) 5.7 (b) 5.5
(c) 5.6 (d) 5.4
RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans : (b) When the pH of the mouth falls below 5.5,
tooth decay starts. Bacteria present in the mouth
produce acid by degradation of sugar and food particles
which remain in the mouth after eating. The acid
produced in the mouth attack the enamel thereby,
creating tooth decay.
16. What are the receptors for detecting taste
called?
(a) Sensory receptor (b) Chemical receptor
(c) Olfactory receptor (d) Gustatory receptor
RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans: (d) The receptors for detecting taste are called
Gustatory receptors. Taste buds contain the taste
receptor cells, which are also known as gustatory cells.
17. Among the following, ............. generate
maximum amount of energy on oxidation.
(a) Glucose (b) Fat
(c) Alkali (d) Protein
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans. (b) Fat is the main food that provides energy to
the body. Fats are the slowest source of energy but the
most energy-efficient form of food. Fats are complex
molecules composed of fatty acids and glycerol. Each
gram of fat supplies the body with about 9.3 grams of
energy after complete oxidation. An adult should attain
20 - 30% energy from fat.
18. Complete digestion of carbohydrates, proteins
and fats takes place in :
(a) Oesophagus (b) Stomach
(c) Small intestine (d) Large intestine
RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (c) Small intestinal wall have digestive glands
which secrete intestinal juice. There are some digestive
enzymes present in intestinal juices, such as erepsin,
enterokinase, lipase, sucrose, maltase, lactase etc.
Carbohydrates, fats, proteins and other nutrients are
digested completely in small intestine through these
digestive enzymes. The intestinal epithelial cells also
have finger-like projections, which are known as
microvilli that absorb digested food.
19. Which of the following is NOT a correct
statement?
(a) The stomach receives the secretion of the
liver and pancreas.
(b) Gastric glands release hydrochloric acid and
the enzyme pepsin and mucus in the
stomach.
(c) Mucus protects the inner lining of the
stomach from the acid.
(d) Hydrochloric acid creates an acidic medium
to facilitate the action of this enzyme pepsin.
RRB NTPC 06.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(a) Cells of liver secretes bile juice which is
collected in gall bladder. Islets of Langerhans of
pancreas help in the secretion of insulin from beta cells.
It controls and regulates the metabolism of
carbohydrates.
20. Which organ in the human body produces bile
juice?
(a) Liver (b) Pancreas
(c) Stomach (d) Small intestine
RRB NTPC 04.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(a) Liver produces a digestive juice called bile.
The gallbladder stores bile. When a person eat meals,
the gallbladder squeezes bile through the bile ducts,
which connect the gallbladder and liver to the small
intestine
21. The presence of Coliform in drinking water
supply is a symptom of ……….
(a) Fluoride contamination
(b) Phosphorus contamination
(c) Salinity of water source
(d) Contamination from human waste
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans : (d) The presence of Coliform in the drinking
water supply is a symptom of contamination from
human waste (faeces-urine), which is specifically
determined by the presence of E. coli. When polluted
water is used for drinking or cooking, it can cause
waterborne diseases such as cholera, diarrhea, typhoid,
amoebiasis and jaundice.
22. Metabolism is related to -
(I) All chemical reactions involved in the body
(II) Synthesis of complex molecules from simple
molecules
(III) Anabolism and catabolism
(a) Only I (b) Only II
(c) Both I and II (d) I, II and III
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) : Metabolism is the set of chemical reactions
that occur in living organisms. These processes help
organisms to grow and reproduce, maintain their
homeostasis and respond to their environment changes.
It involves the synthesis of complex molecules from
simple molecules. Metabolism is the sum of all of the
chemical reactions that are involved in catabolism and
anabolism. The reactions governing the breakdown of
food to obtain energy are called catabolic reactions,
while anabolic reactions involve the joining of smaller
molecules into larger ones in contrast of catabolic
reactions.
23. In which part of the body is bile juice
produced?
(a) Heart (b) Lungs
(c) Kidney (d) Liver
RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) Bile juice is produced from the liver and it is
stored in the gall bladder.
24. Which substance is stored and concentrated in
the gall bladder?
(a) Lymph (b) Water
(c) Blood (d) Bile
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
25. The instrument used to examine human
digestive system is called -
(a) Oscilloscope (b) Microscope
(c) Endoscope (d) Radiograph
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) The endoscope instrument is used to examine
the internal organs of the body. An oscilloscope is an
electronic device that displays a voltage in the form of a
graph relative to time or voltage.In fact, an oscilloscope
is a sophisticated diagnostic instrument that draws a
graph of an electrical signal. A microscope is an
instrument used to see micro objects that are too small
to be seen by the naked eye. Radiography is an imaging
technique using X-rays, gamma rays, or similar ionizing
radiation and non-ionizing radiation to view the internal
form of an object.
26. Which of the following is NOT a part of the
alimentary canal of the human body?
(a) Rectum (b) Oesophagus
(c) Trachea (d) Pharynx
RRB NTPC 27.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) The alimentary canal is mainly referred to as
the pathway by which food enters our body and moves
out through the anus after digestion. The alimentary
tract of the digestive system is composed of the mouth,
pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small and large
intestines, rectum and anus. The trachea, commonly
known as the windpipe, is a part of the airway system
that connects the larynx to the bronchi of the lungs.
27. Which of the following is not a part of the
digestive system?
(a) Liver (b) Heart
(c) Stomach (d) Mouth
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-IV)
Ans. (b) The heart is not a part of the digestive system.
28. Which of the following has homodont teeth?
(a) Fish (b) Human
(c) Leopard (d) Horse
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) In mammals, teeth are diphyodont, thecodont
and heterodont while fishes have acrodont and
homodont teeth.
29. Duodenum is part of……… .
(a) Small intestine (b) Large intestine
(c) Gall bladder (d) Ovary
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans: (a) The duodenum is a U-shaped or horseshoe-
shaped structure that lies in the upper abdomen near the
midline. The small intestine is made up of the
duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Duodenum is about 25
cm (10 inches) long; the jejunum is about 2.5 m (8 feet)
long and the ileum is about 3.6 m (12 feet) long. The
small intestine is the largest part of the alimentary
canal. Complete digestion takes place in this section of
alimentary canal. It is about 6.5 metres long and 2.5
meters wide in an adult man.
30. Which of the following organs of the digestive
system has the similar shape to the English
alphabet "J"?
(a) Mouth (b) Stomach
(c) Intestine (d) Liver
RRB NTPC 13.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(b) The stomach is a J-shaped organ in the upper
belly (abdomen). It's part of the digestive system. It is
between the end of the food pipe (esophagus) and the
start of the first part of the small intestine of bowel
(duodenum).
31. The inner walls of the small intestine have
thousands of finger-like out growth. These are
called:
(a) Lumps (b) Bronchi
(c) Villi (d) Myomas
RRB NTPC 07.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
RRB NTPC 12.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) Villi are the tiny projections on the inner
surface of the small intestine which help in absorbing
the digested food. These villi help to increase the
surface area of intestinal walls. Many blood vessels are
present within these villi, that help in the absorption of
digested food and carry it to the bloodstream. Later,
from the bloodstream, the absorbed food is delivered to
each and every cell of the body.
32. Where in the body is villi found?
(a) Small intestine (b) Large intestine
(c) Stomach (d) Liver
RRB NTPC 09.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans (a) See the explanation of the above question.
33. The gastric juice present in digestive system,
includes ……… .
(a) HCl (b) NaCl
(c) HNO3 (d) KCl
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans: (a) Gastric glands are located in the mucosa of the
stomach.There are mainly three types of cells in gastric
glands:
(a) Mucous neck cells secrete mucous.
(b) Chief cells are responsible for secretion of
proenzyme Pepsinogen and prore nin
(c) Parietal or oxyntic cells are responsible for the
production of hydrochloric acid, which is necessary
to activate the other enzymes.
34. Which acid is produced by human's stomach?
(a) Lactic acid (b) Hydrochloric acid
(c) Citric acid (d) Sulphuric acid
RRB NTPC 17.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(b) Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) is produced by the
parietal cells of the stomach. To begin with, water
(H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) combine within the
parietal cell cytoplasm to produce carbonic acid
(H2CO3). The stomach is a gastrointestinal organ that is
responsible for preliminary digestion.
35. What is the tooth enamel made of?
(a) Calcium chloride (b) Calcium sulphate
(c) Calcium carbonate (d) Calcium phosphate
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-III)
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans:(d) The tooth enamel is made of calcium phosphate.
All teeth have three layers: enamel, dentine, and pulp.
The enamel is the outermost layer and is primarily made
of calcium phosphate minerals. Enamel is the hardest
substance in the human body, but it does not grow back
once it’s lost.
36. What is a tooth enamel made of?
(a) Potassium phosphate (b) Calcium phosphate
(c) Ferrous sulfate (d) Sodium phosphate
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question.
37. Our enamel is made of .............. .
(a) Calcium phosphate (b) Calcium sulphate
(c) Calcium oxide (d) Calcium carbonate
Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question.
38. Which acid is used to aid digestion in the body?
(a) Boric acid (b) Acetic acid
(c) Sulphuric acid (d) Hydrochloric acid
RRB NTPC 10.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) Hydrochloric acid is used to aid digestion in
the body. Hydrochloric acid combines with other gastric
juices in the stomach to aid digestion as well as protect
us from disease by killing germs found in foods.
39. Which one of the following is the largest
compartment of stomach in hoofed animals?
(a) Rumen (b) Reticulum
(c) Abomasum (d) Omasum
RRB NTPC 13.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(a) Rumen (on the left side of the animal) is the
largest stomach compartment and consists of several
sacs in hoofed animals.
40. Name an enzyme used for the conversion of
proteins into a peptide.
(a) Invertase (b) Pepsin
(c) Lactase (d) Zymase
RRB NTPC 15.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) When digestive system of body fails to
produce enough of enzymes for digestion process, then
in this case "pepsin" enzyme helps in the process of
digestion. It is a type of enzyme released by the main
cells in the stomach. Its main function is to convert
protein into peptide.
41. What protects the inner lining of the stomach
from the action of acid, under normal
conditions?
(a) Mucus (b) Gastric Glands
(c) Enzymes (d) Villi
RRB NTPC 05.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Mucus protects the inner lining of the stomach
from the action of the acid under normal conditions.
The digestion in stomach is taken care of by the gastric
glands present in the wall of the stomach. They release
hydrochloric acid, a protein digesting enzyme called
pepsin, and mucus.
42. How is energy measured obtained by food?
(a) Calories (b) Calvin
(c) Font (d) Amperes
RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Energy obtained from food is measured in
terms of calories. First of all, Professor Nicholas
Clement defined calorie as a unit of energy in 1824 AD.
To increase the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1
degree Celsius, 1 calorie of heat is required.
43. The only part of the human body that can be
re-developed / regenerated?
(a) Spleen (b) Brain
(c) Liver (d) Pancreas
RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) The only part of the human body that can be
re-developed and regenerated, is liver . The liver is the
largest gland in the body, weighing from 1.5–2.0 kg.
Bile is secreted by the liver.
44. In the human body, what is called a throat?
(a) Resonant filament (b) Flammable filament
(c) Voice box (d) Thyroarytenoid
RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans (c) The throat is known as voice box in human
body.The throat is a ring-like muscular tube that acts as
the passageway for air, food and liquid. It is located
behind the nose and mouth and connects the mouth
(oral cavity) and nose to the breathing passages (trachea
and lungs) and the esophagus.
45. On average, how many taste buds are present
in an human tongue?
(a) 2000 to 8000
(b) 50000 to 100000
(c) 1 million to 10 million
(d) More than 10 million
RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Tounge is an essential part of the body of
most animals. The taste buds are embedded in the
epithelium of the tongue and make contact with the
outside environment through a taste pore. On average,
the human tongue has 2,000–8,000 taste buds, implying
that there are hundreds of thousands of receptor cells.
46. The entire digestive system of an adult human
is ………….. meter long from mouth to anus.
(a) 8 (b) 7
(c) 10 (d) 9
RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) The complete digestive system of an adult
human is 9 meters long from mouth to anus.
47. Which receptors are located on our tongue?
(a) Photoreceptors (b) Thermo-receptors
(c) Gustatory (d) Olfactory
RRB NTPC 10.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) Gustatory receptors are preseent on the tongue
which spread evenly across the taste buds. Their main
function is to provide a sense of taste. It is significant
that, olfactory receptors are present on the surface of the
olfactory neurons. Their main function is to sense smell.
48. Which one of the following is the correct
sequence of steps in Digestive System?
(a) Egestion, Ingestion, Absorption, Digestion
(b) Absorption, Egestion, Digestion, Ingestion
(c) Ingestion, Absorption, Egestion, Digestion
(d) Ingestion, Digestion, Absorption, Egestion
RRB NTPC 18.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Ingestion is the process by which food enters
in the esophagus. The process of food digestion
involves five stages-
1. Ingestion
2. Digestion
3. Absorption
4. Assimilation
5. Defecation (Egestion)
49. By which process does food enters in the
esophagus?
(a) Ingestion (b) Digestion
(c) Assimilation (d) Defecation
RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans (a) See the explanation of the above question.
50. The process of digestion of food in the humans
begins in ______ and is completed in ______.
(a) Stomach; Large intestine
(b) Mouth; Small intestine
(c) Food pipe; Large intestine
(d) Food pipe; Small intestine
RRB NTPC 13.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Digestion begins in the mouth with chewing
and ends in the small intestine. As food passes through
the gastrointestinal tract, it mixes with digestive juices,
causing large molecules of food to break down into
smaller molecules.
51. In reference of food, which among the
following statement is false?
(a) It is an abiotic substance.
(b) It gives chemical reactions.
(c) It is a biotic substance.
(d) It gives us energy.
RRB NTPC 17.01.2017 (Shift-III) Stage IIst
Ans : (a) Food is an abiotic substance, this statement is
false. Food performs chemical reactions, it is a
biological substance and provides us energy. Food is a
beneficial substance for almost all organisms.
52. The contraction and expansion movements of
the walls of the food pipe is called ………
motion.
(a) Peristalsis (b) Gastric
(c) Oscillatory (d) Diastolic
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 19.01.2017 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) The contraction and expansion movements of
the walls of the food pipe is called peristalsis motion.
The teeth cut and crush food, and the pieces are mixed
with saliva to form a ball of food called a bolus. This is
then swallowed and is carried down the esophagus by
peristalsis, as muscles work together to produce wave-
like contractions.
53. In the human body, the digestion of fats mainly
occurs in :
(a) Kidney (b) Lungs
(c) Small intestine (d) Large intestine
RRB NTPC 03.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) The majority of fat digestion happens once it
reaches the small intestine. This is also where the
majority of nutrients are absorbed. Pancreas produces
enzymes that break down fats, carbohydrates, and
proteins. Liver produces bile that helps digest fats and
certain vitamins.
54. Which of the following is not a part of human
alimentary canal?
(a) Oral cavity (b) Alveoli
(c) Gall bladder (d) Large intestine
RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) The oral cavity, gall bladder, large intestine,
liver, pancreas are part of the human alimentary canal,
while alveoli are found in the lungs and part of the
respiratory system.
55. Saliva contains ……………. enzyme.
(a) Ligase (b) Protease
(c) Amylase (d) Lipase
RRB Group-D 25-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) Human saliva contains about 99% water and
the remaining 1% enzymes, mainly of two types
:Ptyolin and Lysozyme. Ptyalin is also known as
amylase that decomposes starch (present in the food)
into maltose sugars. An enzyme called lysozyme works
by destroying harmful bacteria present in food.
56. Enzyme Ptyalin is found in ………… .
(a) Saliva (b) Pancreatic juice
(c) Gastric juice (d) Intestinal juice
RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
57. After digestion, carbohydrate is converted into -
(a) Glycogen (b) Glucose
(c) Amino acids (d) Fatty acids
RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) Digestion of food in humans starts from the
mouth. Mouth cavity, alimentary canal, esophagus,
stomach etc. take part in digestion. Intestinal juice
contains a variety of enzymes that convert complex
carbohydrates into glucose, proteins into amino acids,
and fats into fatty acids.
58. The function of bile. . . . . . can be called:
(a) Emulsification (b) Reduction
(c) Oxidation (d) Calcination
RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) The liver is a supportive digestive gland that
produces bile. Bile is an alkaline compound, which
helps in the breakdown of fats. During emulsification of
lipids, bile attaches to lipids indigestion.
59. The ……….. enzyme present in pancreatic
juice, converts proteins into amino acids.
(a) Trypsin (b) Pepsin
(c) Amylase (d) Lipase
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) All enzymes present in pancreatic juice are in
inactive state. Trypsinogen, chymotrypsinogen,
procarboxy peptidase, amylase, lipase, and nuclease.
Trypsinogen enzyme are activated by enterokinase which
is secreted by intestinal mucosa and converts trypsinogen
to active trypsin. Trypsin activates all enzymes present in
pancreatic juice.
Trypsin
Proteins, peptones, proteases, → dipeptides
60. During digestion, the role of bile is…….. .
(a) Absorption of fat
(b) Emulsification of fat
(c) Excretion of fat
(d) Digestion of fat
RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) During digestion, the role of bile is
emulsification of fat.
61. Which acid is excreted in the digestive system
of humans?
(a) Sulphuric acid (b) Nitric acid
(c) Antacid (d) Hydrochloric acid
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d) Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is excreted in the
digestive system of human. Oxyntic cells of the
stomach secrete HCl which inhibits the action of ptyalin
and makes food acidic. It kills the harmful bacteria of
food and stimulates enzymes to act on food.
62. .................rings are present in throat.
(a) Cartilage (b) Joint
(c) Areolar (d) Muscle
RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue found
in the human body and other animals. It is made up of
chondrocytes cells present in our marrow. Ear bone,
nose bone, throat bone, joints of bones etc. are made of
cartilages. Cartilages strengthen the tissues of the body.
It also makes our body joints flexible. Due to its
presence, many parts of our body work smoothly.
63. ........ enzyme is secreted from the salivary
gland.
(a) Trypsin (b) Lipase
(c) Pepsin (d) Amylase
RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) Saliva secretes from salivary glands of the
mouth. Saliva contains amylase enzyme that breaks
down starch into sugars. Thus, the digestion of food
starts from the mouth.
64. The bile juice is secreted from ……… in
human digestive system. -
(a) Liver (b) Small intestine
(c) Stomach (d) Pancreas
RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) The liver is the largest gland in the human
body. The liver secretes bile juice. It is alkaline in
nature. It contains water, bile salts, cholesterol, pigment
cells. Its pH is 7.7.
65. Describe the type of energy conversion that
occurs during the process of digestion of food.
(a) Heat energy from Chemical energy
(b) Heat energy from Mechanical energy
(c) Light energy from Chemical energy
(d) Chemical energy from Light energy
RRB Group-D 28-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) The energy conversion that occurs during the
process of food digestion, is from chemical energy to
heat energy.
66. Herbivore requires longer small intestine to
digest .......
(a) Chloroplast (b) Cellulose
(c) Carbohydrate (d) Protein
RRB Group-D 28-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Herbivore needs longer small intestine called
cecum to digest cellulose. Cellulose is an organic
compound in which monomers combine to form a
polymer of thousand molecules. The cell walls of many
green plants are made up of cellulose. 90 percent
portion of the cotton fibre is cellulose.
67. The common track for food and air in humans:
(a) Larynx (b) Nasal cavity
(c) Esophagus (d) Pharynx
RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) : The pharynx is the common track for both
food and air. The pharynx opens into the trachea by the
throat. The throat is a cartilaginous box that helps in
voice production. Hence, it is also called voice box.
68. Tooth enamel, made of ………., is degraded by
acid, causing tooth decay.
(a) Ammonium sulfate (b) Calcium phosphate
(c) Potassium nitrate (d) Sodium chloride
RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) : Tooth enamel, made of calcium phosphate, is
degraded by acid, causing tooth decay. Low pH levels
can cause tooth decay. Teeth begin to decay, when the
pH value of enamel is less than 5.5.
69. The liver performs……… functions.
(a) Respiration (b) Excretion
(c) Circulation (d) Digestion
RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) The liver is the largest gland in the human
body, which produces bile. Bile enters into duodenum
and gallbladder by the hepatic duct system and the bile
duct. This is the main place of metabolism of the
intestinal juice absorbed in the digestive system. The
liver performs digestive functions. The liver performs
more than 300 different functions of the human body;
storing glycogen (fuel for the body) made from glucose,
helping to translocate fats and proteins from digested
food. The liver also functions to make blood in the
fetus, converts carbohydrates and proteins into fat.
70. Herbivore requires longer small intestine to
digest .............. .
(a) Fat (b) Cellulose
(c) Protein (d) Vitamin
RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) The small intestine is an important part of
human digestive system that starts from stomach and
completes at large intestine. Digestion and absorption
of food takes place in the small intestine . Cellulose is a
component of plants that is non- digestable compoenent
for human body. Cellulose is an insoluble fibre that
needs longer small intestine for digestion in herbivores
71. What is the unit of measurement used for
measuring the energy requirements of the
human body?
 (a) Calories (b) Erg
(c) Ohm (d) Joule
RRB NTPC 09.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) A calorie is a unit of measurement of energy.
Very specifically, it is the amount of energy that is
required to raise the temperature of one ml, (which is
also one gram), of water by one degree celsius. The
word calorie was actually coined by the great French
Chemist Nicolas Clement who used it to refer to the
body’s internal heat. A food calorie is actually a
“kilocalorie”. In other words it is the amount of energy
needed to raise the temperature of one litre of water by
one degree. Originally, the calorie content of a food was
measured in a calorimeter.
72. Which is the only muscle found in human body
that is not connected at both ends?
(a) Triceps (b) Tongue
(c) Biceps (d) Ducts
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-IV)
Ans. (b) Tongue is the only muscle found in the human
body that is not connected at both ends.
73. The energy released at the end of digestion is in
the form of:
(a) Electric energy (b) Kinetic energy
(c) Thermal energy (d) Chemical energy
RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans : (d) Our body cannot use the biochemicals
available in food in their original form. Therefore, the
complex biomolecules are broken into simple
molecules and converted into simple molecules in
digestive system and complex nutrients are absorbed.
This process of converting complex nutrients into
absorbable simple forms is called digestion. As a result
of digestion, energy is collected in the form of chemical
energy as ATP.
(ii) Blood Circulatory System
74. Which of the following plasma protein is
involved in blood coagulation?
(a) Serum amylase (b) A globulin
(c) Fibrinogen (d) An albumin
RRB SSE 21.12.2014
Ans : (c) Prothromboplastin reacts with the calcium ion
of blood to form thromboplastin. Thromboplastin, by
reacting with an enzyme called calcium ion (Ca ++) and
tryptase, converts inactive prothrombin into a substance
called active thrombin. This active thrombin acts on the
blood protein fibrinogen and converts it into fibrin.
Fibrin makes a mesh of fine and soft fibres. This mesh
is so fine and microfilamentous that particles of blood
(especially RBC) get trapped in it and form a red solid
body, called a blood clot.
75. A conventional blood pressure measuring
device in which the physician observes
fluctuations in mercury column, the manually
operated air pump is connected to:
(a) Isobar
(b) Transducer
(c) Sphygmo Manometer
(d) Mercury column
RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-08, Green paper)
Ans : (d) A conventional blood pressure measuring
device is called a sphygmomanometer. It is the most
conventional form of blood pressure apparatus . This
device consists of a pump that has a rubber tube. This
tube subsequently divides into two parts. It consists of
manually inflatable cuffs that are attached to the
mercury-infused tubes. This instrument was invented by
Samuel Siegfried Karl Ritter von Basch in the year
1881. But in the year 1896, Scipione Riva-Rocci
introduced a simple version of the sphygmomanometer.
76. Which among the following blood group is
considered as universal donor?
(a) AB (b) O
(c) A (d) B
RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-07, Yellow paper)
Ans : (b) The blood group was discovered by
Landsteiner. Blood is of four types A, B, AB, and O.
Blood group AB is an universal receiver i.e it can
receive blood of any person. Blood group O is universal
donor i.e it can donate blood to person of any blood
group but it can receive blood only from person with O
group.
77. Which of the following is not a blood group?
(a) A (b) AB
(c) C (d) O
RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-IV)
Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question.
78. The normal systolic pressure of human blood is:
(a) 110 mm Hg
(b) 130 mm Hg
(c) 80 mm Hg
(d) 120 mm Hg
RRB NTPC 05.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) When the heart beats, it contracts and pumps
blood through the arteries to the rest of body. This force
creates pressure on the arteries. This is called systolic
blood pressure. A normal systolic pressure is 120 mm
Hg. The diastolic blood pressure indicates the pressure
in the arteries when the heart rests between beats. A
normal diastolic blood pressure is 80 mm/Hg.
79. Select the option that is not true regarding the
circulatory system.
(a) Red blood is fluid connective tissue.
(b) The life span of human RBCs is 115–120
days.
(c) An adult person has about 6.8 liters of blood.
(d) It is about 1.7–1.8% of body weight.
RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) Red blood is an example of fluid connective
tissue. The amount of blood in the human body is about
7 to 8% of the body weight. Therefore, an average 5 to
6 liters of blood is present in a human body of 70 kg.
RBC surrounds 1 / 13th part of human body. Its lifespan
is about 120 days.
80. Which of the following options is not correct
about the circulatory system?
(a) The circulatory system is 7-8% of the total
weight of human.
(b) The lifespan of red blood cells is 115-120
days.
(c) The amount of blood in an adult human body
is 6.8 liters.
(d) Only blood is white fluid connective tissue.
RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d) Blood is fluid connective tissue which
constitutes 7-8% of the total weight of human body.
Three types of blood cells are found in the blood as
RBC, WBC and platelets. Red blood cells have lifespan
115-120 days. A healthy human body has about 6.8
liters of blood. Hence option (d) is not correct about the
circulatory system.
81. Normal human blood is:
(a) Neutral
(b) Slightly acidic
(c) Variable in acid or base
(d) Slightly alkaline
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans. (d) Human blood is a bodily fluid that flows
continuously in various organs inside the blood vessels.
This thicks, lightly alkaline and reddish fluid, which is
circulated in the blood capillaries, is a living connective
tissue. It consists of plasma and blood platelets. There is
about five liters of blood in the human body. Its pH
value is between 7.35 to 7.45. It has slightly alkaline
nature due to a pH greater than 7.
82. Blood pressure is the force:
(a) Inside the artery during ventricular diastole
(b) Inside the artery during ventricular systole
(c) Inside the veins
(d) That blood exerts against the wall of a vessel
RRB NTPC 08.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(d) Blood pressure is the force of the blood
pushing against the artery walls. The force is made with
each heartbeat as blood is pumped from the heart into
the blood vessels. This is called systolic blood pressure.
• The components of blood pressure include systolic
pressure, which results from ventricular contraction
and diastolic pressure which results from ventricular
relaxation.
83. Blood has a fluid matrix called ____, in which
RBCs, WBCs, and platelets are suspended.
(a) Saliva (b) Plasma
(c) Lymph (d) Cerebrospinal fluid
RRB NTPC 23.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) The liquid part of the blood, called plasma, is
made of water, salts, and protein. Over half of our blood
is plasma. The solid part of our blood contains red
blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Red Blood
Cells (RBC) deliver oxygen from our lungs to our
tissues and organs. It is basic in nature and its pH value
is 7.4 . WBCs are a part of Immune system. They help
fight infection and defend the body against other foreign
materials.
84. The blood pressure of a healthy man is:
(a) 90/60 (b) 200/110
(c) 120/80 (d) 140/60
RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Set-2, Red Paper)
Ans. (c) Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of
circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels on
contraction of heart. This phenomenon is expressed
using two values known as the systolic pressure and the
diastolic pressure (in mm Hg).The normal resting blood
pressure for adults is 120/80. The systolic pressure is
the measurement of pressure when the heart contracts .
On the contrary, the diastolic pressure is the
measurement of pressure when the heart refills with
blood between beats. Blood pressure is measured by
sphygmomanometer.
150/90 mm Hg → suffers from high pressure.
(Hypertension)
100/50 mm Hg → suffers from low pressure.
(Hypotension)
85. The technology that uses the reflection of
ultrasound waves to produce images of the
heart is known as:
(a) Sonography (b) Ultrasonography
(c) Echocardiography (d) Echocardiogram
RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Echocardiography is a test that uses
soundwaves to produce live images of heart. This test
allows doctor to monitor the functioning of heart and its
valves. The images can help to get information about
blood clots in the heart chambers.
86. Which component of the blood transports
food, CO2 and nitrogenous waste?
(a) White blood cells (b) Blood platelets
(c) Red blood cells (d) Plasma
RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (d) Plasma is the yellowish fluid component of
blood, in which blood cells of whole blood are normally
suspended. It accounts for about 55% of the total blood
volume.It consists water as major portion and proteins,
sugars, coagulation factors, mineral ions, hormones and
carbon dioxide are soluble in it . Plasma transports
food, CO2 and nitrogenous wastes in human body.
87. The pH level of the human body is:
(a) 7.0 to 7.8 (b) 6.0 to 6.8
(c) 6.0 to 7.0 (d) 7.0 to 8.6
RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (a) The pH value is the measure of the acidicity
and alkalinity of substances. Its value is equal to the
inverse logarithm of the concentration of hydrogen ion
(H+). The pH value is between 0 to 14. A substance
whose pH value is less than 7 is acidic, alkaline when
greater than 7, and neutral when it is equal to 7. The
human body needs a controlled pH level of 7.0 to 7.8
(alkaline) to survive. The pH value of human urine is
5.5 to 7.5, the pH value of human saliva is 6.5 to 7.5
and the pH value of human blood is from 7.3 to 7.5.
88. The pH range of a human body is:
(a) 8.35 - 9.45 (b) 2.35-4.45
(c) 5.35-6.45 (d) 7.35-7.45
RRB NTPC 04.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(d) The pH value of the human body lies in a tight
range between 7.35-7.45 and the pH of other body
fluids are different. pH indicates the level of H+ ions
where low pH indicates too many OH– ions.
89. ..............found in blood, is responsible for
oxygen transportation.
(a) White blood cells (b) Platelets
(c) Red blood cells (d) Plasma
RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans : (c) Red blood cells are formed in red bone
marrow in adults but it is formed in the spleen and liver
in embryonic stage. Each hemoglobin molecule
contains four iron-binding haem groups which are the
site of oxygen binding. Oxygen-bound hemoglobin is
called oxyhemoglobin. Cell carries oxyhemoglobin
through blood circulation. This cell does not have a
nucleus. Its average life span is 120 days.
90. Which among these component of blood
transports oxygen?
(a) Platelets (b) WBC
(c) Plasma (d) RBC
RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-IV)
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
91. Which is the largest artery in the human body?
(a) Vena cava (b) Renal
(c) Aorta (d) Pulmonary
RRB NTPC 10.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) The aorta is the largest artery in the human
body that carries oxygen-rich blood from the left
ventricle of the heart to other parts of the body. The
aorta breaks into arteries and finally to a very fine
structure known as arterioles.
92. The average weight of an adult human heart is
about
(a) 240 gm (b) 300 gm
(c) 255 gm (d) 390 gm
RRB NTPC 03.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) The adult human heart weights around 250-
350g. It accounts for approximately 0.45% of the total
body weight. According to option, correct answer will
be option (b).
93. .........tissue changes the diameter of the blood
vessel.
(a) Heart (b) Muscle
(c) Epithelium (d) Bone
RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (b) Muscles are important for making various
interfaces of the body to generate power to contract and
relax inside the body. The thin, elongated and
contractile muscle cells, also called muscle fibres, are
called muscle tissue. These muscle tissues are helpful in
changing the diameter of blood vessels in the body.
94. ........ is part of the blood that contains 92%
water and the remaining 8% contains protein,
minerals, hormones, enzymes and other
substances.
(a) Red blood cells (b) White blood cells
(c) Blood platelets (d) Plasma
RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans. (d) Plasma is a yellowish, clear , viscous ,
transparent and basic fluid component of blood . Plasma
is the liquid portion of blood. About 55% of blood is
plasma, and the remaining 45% are red blood cells,
white blood cells and platelets that are suspended in the
plasma.Plasma is about 92% water. It also contains 7%
vital proteins such as albumin, gamma globulin and
anti-hemophilic factor, and 1% mineral salts, sugars,
fats, hormones and vitamins.
95. What is the function of RBC in the human
body?
(a) To provide oxygen to the body cells
(b) To extract carbon dioxide from the body cells
(c) To remove nitrogenous wastes in dissolved
form
(d) To provide digested food to the body cells
RRB NTPC 02.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Red blood cells are responsible for transporting
oxygen from lungs to body’s tissues. Our tissues
produce energy with the oxygen and release a waste,
identified as carbon dioxide. Our red blood cells take
the carbon dioxide (CO2) waste to lungs for exhale.
96. Why is pulse rate of the human body
examined?
(a) To check the functioning of the heart.
(b) To check the functioning of the brain.
(c) To check blood volume.
(d) To check the condition of lungs.
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) The pulse rate of the human body is used to
check the functioning of the heart. Pulse is the rate at
which the heart beats. As the blood pumps from the
heart, it can feel pulsation in some blood vessels close
to the surface of the skin. The normal pulse rate for an
adult beats 60 to 100 beats per minutes.
97. The normal human heart beat on an average is
………. . . .per minute.
(a) 50–100 (b) 100–120
(c) 60–100 (d) 90–100
RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question.
98. On which organ of human body is angioplasty Ans : (a) Human blood platelets release prothrombin
performed? which helps blood clotting. Vitamin K also assists in
(a) Kidney (b) Lungs blood clotting.
(c) Heart (d) Stomach 105. White blood cells in the blood. . . . . .
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III) (a) Carry hemoglobin protein.
Ans. (c) Angioplasty is performed on heart in human (b) Carry nutrients.
body. (c) Protect the body from infection.
(d) Help in blood clotting.
99. Which of the following is a pigment present in
human blood that carries oxygen out from RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-I)
lungs to all parts of the body? Ans : (c) The shape and size of white blood cells or
(a) Platelets (b) White Blood cells leukocytes is not fixed, but it changes like amoeba. The
number of WBCs in an adult human is 6–11 thousand
(c) Lymph (d) Haemoglobin per cubic mm. The immune function of the body is
RRB NTPC 16.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist conducted by white blood cells. Immunity is the
Ans. (d) Haemoglobin is the iron-containing pigment balanced state of multicellular organisms having
that enables red blood cells to carry high concentration adequate biological defenses to fight infection, disease,
of oxygen to the tissues. It carries oxygen out from or other unwanted biological invasion, while having
lungs to all parts of the body. adequate tolerance to avoid allergy, and autoimmune
diseases.
100. In human beings, which of the following has a
high affinity for oxygen? 106. Normal human bleeding time and clotting time
are ……… and ………. respectively .
(a) Carbon dioxide (b) Haemoglobin (a) 2–3 and 4–6 minutes
(c) Melanin (d) White blood cells (b) 2–10 and 5–15 seconds
RRB NTPC 12.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) 2–7 and 3–10 minutes
Ans.(b) Respiratory pigments like haemoglobin, (d) 5–15 and 10–20 seconds
myoglobin have high affinity with oxygen. RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Haemoglobin functions as oxygen carrier in blood from Ans. (c) Normal human bleeding time and clotting time
the lung to the rest of the body. are 2-7 and 3-10 minutes respectively. Blood plasma
releases prothrombin and fibrinogen with the help of
101. Which of the following metals is present in
vitamin K in the liver. Vitamin K helps in blood clotting.
hemoglobin?
107. In which of the following cells present in
(a) Nickel (b) Iron human body, mitochondria are not found?
(c) Copper (d) Zinc (a) Red blood cell (b) Liver cell
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-I) (c) Muscle cell (d) White blood cell
Ans : (b) Hemoglobin is made up of a protein called RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
globin and a compound called heme. Heme consists of Ans : (a) RBCs (red blood cells), present in the human
iron and a pigment called porphyrin, which gives blood body, do not contain mitochondria. RBCs are formed in
its red colour while iron rich globin protein have the bone marrow. RBCs contain protein named as
tremendous capacity to bind with oxygen and carbon Hemoglobin. The nucleus is absent in RBCs. Its
dioxide. Normal adult has average amount of hemoglobin average life span is 120 days.
is 15 gm/100 ml. 108. Which of the following circulates impure
blood?
102. Hemoglobin is found in …………………. . (a) Pulmonary vein (b) Alveoli
(a) Bone (b) Blood (c) Pulmonary artery (d) Aorta
(c) Sweat (d) Bile fluid RRB NTPC 10.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-III) Ans : (c) The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. blood from the right ventricle into the lungs for
oxygenation. It contains impure blood.The left half of
103. The protein in hemoglobin is .
the heart collects and pumps pure (oxygenated) blood
(a) Albumin (b) Globin from the lungs to all parts of the body.The right half of
(c) Globulin (d) Heme the heart carries impure (CO2 containing) blood.The pH
RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-III) value of blood is 7.4.
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question. 109. Which of the following does not refer to
104. Human blood platelets release .............. which Cholesterol?
helps in blood clotting. (a) Low - density lipoprotein
(b) High- density lipoprotein
(a) Prothrombin (b) Fibrin (c) Rhesus factor
(c) Fructose (d) Sucrose (d) Canned Protein Kate
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC 11.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
 Ans: (c) An antigen is obtained from research related to
Rhesus monkey.The Rh factor is a protein that can be
found on the surface of red blood cells in most
human(85%). Anomaly between Rh factors may cause
severe disorder for mother and her fetus, while Rhesus
factor does not refer to Cholesterol.
110. Which of the following organs of human body
has sinoatrial node?
(a) Brain (b) Heart
(c) Kidney (d) Liver
RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Sinoatrial node is located in heart of human
body. The main function of the sinoatrial node is to act
as the normal pacemaker of the heart. It initiates an
action potential that results in an electrical impulse
travelling through the heart's electrical conduction
system to cause myocardial contraction. Internal body
temperature is regulated by a part of brain called the
hypothalamus, while external body temperature is
regulated by ear.
111. Who invented the A, B and O blood group
system?
(a) Karl Kollar (b) Maurice Hilleman
(c) Karl Landsteiner (d) Edward Jenner
RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) The blood group was first discovered by
Nobel laureate Karl Landsteiner in 1900. He discovered
that factors related to blood group are found in RBCs
and plasma of blood. Landsteiner discovered only three
blood groups A, B and O. Later De Castello and Sturli
invented the fourth blood group AB.
112. How many litres of blood does an adult human
have?
(a) 3 (b) 4
(c) 5 (d) 6
RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) In a normal adult human , the amount of blood
is 1/10 part of its weight, i.e, 4.5–5 litres. The blood is
composed of red coloured connective tissue consisting
of 55% of the plasma and 45% of the blood cells (RBC,
WBC and platelets). The pH value of blood is 7.4 and it
is responsible for the circulation of oxygen and
nutrients in the body.
113. Which of the following describes heart
functioning more appropriately?
(a) Electrocardiogram (b) Echocardiogram
(c) Stethoscope (d) Lipid profile
RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) An echocardiogram is an ultrasound image of
the heart that describes cardiac functioning more
appropriately. Echocardiograms are used to diagnose
heart problems. An electrocardiogram (ECG) is a test
which measures the electrical activity of heart to show
whether or not it is working normally.
114. What is the approximate value of pH of
'human blood'?
(a) 7.4 (b) 8.1
(c) 6.7 (d) 7.9
RPF SI 24.12.2018 (Shift - I)
RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-III) Stage IInd
Ans : (a) The pH of human blood is 7.4. pH value
(power of Hydrogen) is the concentration of hydrogen
ions in the substances.
115. What should be the pH limit in blood for
normal health?
(a) 6.35 to 6.45 (b) 5.35 to 5.45
(c) 7.35 to 7.45 (d) 8.35 to 8.45
RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) See the explanation of above question.
116. A person with AB blood group -
(a) Can donate blood to A,B and O blood group.
(b) Is called universal blood donor.
(c) Blood can be receive from any blood group.
(d) is neither a universal recipient, nor a universal
donor.
RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) A person with AB blood group can receive
blood from any blood group. Blood group 'AB' is called
universal recipient, because it has no antibody and
blood group 'O' is called universal donar , because it
does not contain any antigen.
117. The arteries carry blood, are filled with:
(a) Oxygen (b) Carbon dioxide
(c) Toxin (d) Lipids
RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) The arteries carry pure blood, which is filled
with oxygen (except pulmonary artery). Arteries are the
blood vessels of the body that carry blood away from
the heart and to the organs and tissues of the body while
veins carry deoxygenated blood from the tissues back to
the heart; exceptions are the pulmonary and umbilical
veins, both of which carry oxygenated blood to the heart.
118. Plasma, a constituent of blood, is a -
(a) Cell (b) Muscle
(c) Fluid (d) Tissue
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 19.01.2017 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) Plasma is the fundamental matrix of blood,
which is 55-60% of the blood. Plasma contains 90-92%
water and 8-10 % proteins, organic and inorganic
substances. Generally, it is a type of fluid.
There are mainly two substances found in plasma.
(1) In Organic substances - sodium chloride and
sodium bicarbonate are found in it. Alkalinity of
plasma is maintained by organic substance .
(2) Organic substances - Plasma proteins, digested
nutrients, excretory substances, hormones, antigens
etc.
The main function of plasma is to circulate digested
food and hormones in the body.
119. Which of the following options is not true
about red blood cells?
(a) Work-Transport of oxygen and carbon
dioxide
(b) Shape - circular and biconcave.
(c) Length - 5.7µm
(d) Hemoglobin - present
RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) Red blood cells are also called erythrocytes.
These corpuscles are formed in the bone marrow. The
mature human red blood cell is small, round, and
biconcave; it appears dumbbell-shaped in profile. RBC
contains iron-rich protein called hemoglobin.
Hemoglobin participates in the transport of oxygen and
carbon dioxide. Their life span is about 120 days. The
length of the RBC is 7.0 micrometers.
120. Which of the following vein collects blood from
the anterior parts of the body?
(a) Ventricle (b) Aorta
(c) Superior Vena Cava (d) Inferior Vena Cava
RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) Superior Vena Cava collects blood from the
anterior parts of the body. Blood is returned in heart
through two paired pulmonary veins, Superior Vena
Cava and Inferior Vena Cava.
121. Choose the option that is not true about the
ciculatory system.
(a) Blood is red vascular connective tissue.
(b) There is about 6.8 liters of blood in an adult
person.
(c) Life span of human RBCs is 115-120 days.
(d) It forms about 17-18% of the body weight.
RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-II)
RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) The circulatory system or vascular system is a
set of organs that transports nutrients between the body's
cells. It protects the body from diseases and keeps the
body temperature and pH constant. This system is usually
7% to 8% of the total body weight.
122. Which of the following is NOT found in human
blood?
(a) Leucocyte (b) Chondrocyte
(c) Lymphocyte (d) Monocyte
RRB NTPC 14.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(b) Blood is a specialized body fluid. It has four
main components: Plasma, Red blood cells
(Erythrocytes), White blood cells (Leucocytes), and
Platelets. Types of white blood cells are granulocytes
(neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils), monocytes,
and lymphocytes (T-cells and B- cells). Blood performs
different functions. The chondrocyte is the resident cell
of cartilage that is a prominent tissue in the embryo. It is
not found in human blood.
123. Which of the following cells, present in the
human body, does not have nucleus?
(a) Erythrocytes (b) Nerve cells
(c) Nonlinear nerve fibres (d) White cells
RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) Erythrocytes (Red Blood Corpuscles) do not
have a nucleus. RBCs are formed in the bone marrow.
Protein, iron, vitamin B12 and folic acid are helpful in
the formation of RBCs. RBCs have a life span of 115 to
120 days.
124. Choose the option that is not true about the
vascular system -
(a) It is about 7-8% of body weight.
(b) Blood flows at high pressure, jerks and faster
in them.
(c) Blood is commonly called ‘river of life’.
(d) The size of human heart is like a closed fist.
RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-II)
RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) The human heart originates from the
mesoderm, which is the size of a closed fist. The
circulatory system is about 7-8% of body weight. Blood
is commonly called ‘river of life’. Blood flows at high
pressures, jerks, and faster in arteries while blood flows
slowly, at low pressure in veins.
125. Choose the option that is not true about the
circulatory system:
(a) Blood flows at high pressure, jerks and faster
in them.
(b) It is about 7-8% of body weight.
(c) Blood is commonly called 'river of life'.
(d) Human RBCs have lifespan of 15-20 days.
RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) Blood is thick, opaque and alkaline fluid. The
amount of blood in human body is about 7-8% of body
weight. The amount of blood in an adult human is 5-6
litres. Red blood cells (RBCs) located in the blood are
the most important cells of the blood. RBC has an
average lifespan of 120 days. Blood is a fluid
connective tissue that helps the cells of the body to
transport essential substances , nutrients and oxygen.
Hence, it is called the 'River of Life'.
126. Blood is . . .. ... . tissue.
(a) Muscle (b) Vessel
(c) Connective (d) Nerve
RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) Blood is a fluid connective tissue in which blood
cells, plasma, hemoglobin, protein etc. are present. The
colour of blood is red due to the presence of a pigment
called heme in hemoglobin.
127. The largest corpuscles in human blood is …… .
(a) Lymphatic cells
(b) Cells coloured with alkali colour
(c) Red cells
(d) White cells
RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (d) The largest corpuscles in human blood are
white blood corpuscles. Their diameter is about 12 to 15
micrometers. It is larger than the red blood corpuscles
(about 8.0 micrometers) in size but is tiny, colourless,
nucleated and less in number. The shape of a WBC is
irregular like Amoeba.
128. ........ does not have collagen.
(a) Kidney (b) Blood
(c) Heart (d) Liver
RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) Connective tissue ranges from soft tissue to
special types of tissue such as cartilage, bone, fatty
tissue, and blood. In all connective tissues except
blood, the cells secrete fibres of structural proteins
called collagen or elastin. They provide strength,
elasticity and flexibility to the tissue. Collagen is found
in liver, kidney and heart. It is slightly sticky, red
coloured and a living tissue. It consists of plasma and
blood particles. There are three types of blood
corpuscles –
(1) Red blood corpuscles
(2) White blood corpuscles
(3) Platelets
129. Which of the following metals is present in
hemoglobin?
(a) Fe (b) Ca
(c) K (d) Al
RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) Hemoglobin is a type of protein found in
blood cells. Hemoglobin is made up of two words -
heme + globin. Human blood is red due to heme and
globin is an iron-containing protein, which has
tremendous ability to combine oxygen and carbon
dioxide.
130. Cardiac muscle cells are:
(a) Cylindrical, branched and multinucleated.
(b) Cylindrical, branched and uninucleated.
(c) Cylindrical, unbranched and uninucleated.
(d) Elongated, branched and multinucleated.
RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) Cardiac muscle cells are a type of involuntary
muscle cells. These muscle cells are cylindrical,
branched and uninucleated. They contract and relax
rapidly, rhythmically and tirelessly throughout life.
Relaxation and contraction of cardiac muscles help to
pump blood and distribute blood in various part of
body.
131. Cardiac muscles are ………….
(a) Fusiform, unbranched multinucleated and
uninucleated
(b) Cylindrical, branched and uninucleated.
(c) Cylindrical, unbranched and uninucleated.
(d) Fusiform, unbranched and uninucleated.
RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
132. Which of the following is the duct that
originates from the heart and transports blood
to various organs in the body?
(a) Veins
(b) Blood cells leading to the lungs
(c) Artery
(d) Pulmonary arteries
RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) The ducts that originate from the heart and
distribute the blood to different parts of the body, are
called arteries. They usually carry pure blood, but
impure blood flows from the heart to the lungs in the
pulmonary artery.
133. What is cardiac cycle?
(a) One pulsation and one pulse rate
(b) A nervous and a pleural cycle
(c) A cycle of systole and diastole of the heart
(d) Opening of atrioventricular valve twice
RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) The cardiac cycle is defined as a cycle which
includes all the events associated with one heart beat.
Cardiac cycle consist of contraction (systole) and
relaxation (diastole) of both atria and ventricles. The
average adult person has 65 to 75 heartbeats (cardiac
cycles) per minute. One complete cardiac cycle takes
about 0.8 seconds.
134. The smallest blood vessel is called:
(a) Artery (b) Capillary
(c) Vena Cava (d) Vein
RRB NTPC 03.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(d) Capillaries, the smallest and most numerous of
the blood vessels, form the connection between the
vessels that carry blood away from the heart (arteries)
and the vessels that return blood to the heart (veins).
The primary function of capillaries is the exchange of
materials between the blood and tissue cells.
135. ............. is divided into four parts.
(a) Lung (b) Kidney
(c) Stomach (d) Heart
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) The heart is divided into four parts. Two atria
and two ventricles.
136. Exchange of respiratory gases occurs through. .
. . . in lungs.
(a) Bronchiole (b) Bronchi
(c) Alveoli (d) Trachea
RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Gas exchange takes place in the millions of
alveoli in the lungs and the capillaries that envelope them.
137. Which of the following can be compared to
soldiers?
(a) Red blood cells (b) Plasma
(c) Blood platelets (d) White blood cells
RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-I)
RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) White blood cells are important component of
the innate immune system in the human body. These are
also called leukocytes. Their number is about 7,500 in
one cubic mm of blood of human. It is colourless or
white in colour. These are immune cells protecting the
body from infectious diseases and foreign invader
substances, so they are compared as soldiers fighting
diseases in the body.
138. The wall of the ventricle is …… than the wall
of the atrium.
(a) thicker (b) shorter
(c) thinner (d) larger
RRB JE 2014
Ans : (a) The human heart is a muscular organ, which 143. The heart is covered by two layers of
is shaped like our fist. Our heart is four chambered, membranes. What are these membranes
consisting of two atrium and two ventricles. The called?
ventricles are larger than the atrium and their walls are (a) Pulmonary membrane
also thicker than the atria because they have to pump (b) Pericardial membrane
blood out of the heart. (c) Prequel membrane
139. Karl Landsteiner is known for: (d) Systematic membrane
(a) Isolated the DNA RRB Group-D 01-11-2018 (Shift-II)
(b) Discovery of blood group classification Ans : (b) The heart is covered by two layers of
(c) Identified the Zika Virus membranes. These membranes are called pericardial
membranes. It acts like a thin sac or a cover for the
(d) Studied the nervous system.
heart. The heart wall composed of three layers;
RRB NTPC 07.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Epicardium, Myocardium and Endocardium. It contains
Ans. (b) Karl Landsteiner, Austrian-American pericardial fluid, which protects the heart from the
immunologist and pathologist received Nobel Prize for effects of contraction and expansion of the diaphragm
Physiology or Medicine in the year 1930 for his of the lungs.
discovery of the major blood groups and development 144. What are the micro-tubules called through
of the ABO system of blood. which blood flows from the arteries into the
140. Which of the following is not true about WBC? veins?
(a) Size -18-24 µm (a) Corpuscles (b) Cells
(b) Shape – Amoebic or circular (c) Capillaries (d) Calories
(c) They act as ‘soldiers’ and kill pathogens. RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-II)
(d) Nucleus - nucleated Ans. (c) The micro tubules through which blood flows
RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-II) from the arteries into the veins are called capillaries.
Ans : (a) White Blood Cells (WBC) size is 12-17µm. 145. Which of the following is NOT a part of the
Its shape and composition is amoebic or circular. They circulatory system?
mainly act as soldiers in the body; kill germs and (a) Large intestine (b) Heart
protect them from infection of diseases. The nuclei is (c) Blood (d) Arteries
found in their nucleus whereas it has no fixed shape. RRB NTPC 28.12.2020 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
141. Which of the following statements is Ans. (a) Large intestine is not a part of circulatory
INCORRECT?
system. The circulatory system consists of three
(a) Blood protects the body from disease
independent systems that work together: the heart
(b) Blood carries carbon dioxide from the body
(cardiovascular), lungs (pulmonary), and arteries,
cells to the lungs
veins, coronary and portal vessels (systemic). The
(c) Blood helps in sensory inputs
system is responsible for the flow of blood, nutrients,
(d) Blood carries oxygen from the lungs to the
oxygen and other gases, and as well as hormones to
other parts of the body
and from cells.
RRB NTPC 18.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Blood brings oxygen and nutrients to all the 146. Purkinje fibres areas specialized as:
parts of the body so they can keep working. Blood (a) Neurons in the brain
carries carbon dioxide and other waste materials to the (b) Cells in blood
lungs, kidneys and digestive system to be removed (c) Glandular cells in the skin
from the body. Blood fights infections and also carries (d) Nerve fibres in the heart
hormones around the body. RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-I)
142. Which of the following is not true about the Ans. (d) Purkinje fibers are specialized in nerve fibres
vascular system? in the heart.
(a) An adult person has about 6.8 litres of blood 147. What is the normal pulse rate of humans?
(b) Vascular system forms about 7-8% of body (a) 80–90 beats per minute
weight. (b) 97 beats per minute
(c) The life span of human RBC is 115–120 days (c) 70 - 80 beats per minute
(d) Blood is white or red vascular connective (d) 2 beats per minute
tissue. RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I)
RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) The normal pulse rate of humans is 70–80
Ans : (d) Blood is a type of fluid connective tissue. beats per minute.
Plasma is the basic liquid part of the blood. Red blood
cells (RBC), White blood cells (WBC) and platelets are 148. What are the small blood vessels under our
suspended in Plasma. Plasma also contains proteins, skin called?
salts and hormones. Blood carries gases, digested food, (a) Nerve (b) Cell
hormones and excretory substances from one part of the (c) Vein (d) Capillary
body to another. RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) The small blood vessels under our skin are process is similar in anaerobic respiration and aerobic
called capillaries. respiration. This entire process takes place in
cytoplasm. The discovery of glycolysis was carried out
149. Which among devices controls the heart rate of
by three German biologists, Gustav Embden, Otto
patients?
Meyerhof, and Jakub Karol Parnas. It is also called the
(a) Respirator (b) Pacemaker EMP path.
(c) CATH scanner (d) ECG machine
154. Trachea is part of which of the following
RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-IV) human systems?
Ans. (b) The pacemaker device controls the heart rate (a) Circulatory system (b) Digestive system
of patients. (c) Excretory system (d) Respiratory system
150. Which of the following carries blood from the RRB NTPC 31.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
heart to the kidneys? Ans. (d) The trachea is part of the lower respiratory
(a) Renal vein (b) Coronary artery tract, along with the lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, and
(c) Renal artery (d) Vena cava alveoli.
RRB NTPC 22.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist 155. Trachea is a part of the ______ system of the
Ans. (c) Blood vessel is a vessel in the human or human body.
animal body in which blood circulates. The vesseles (a) Cardiac (b) Respiratory
that carry blood away from the heart are called arteries (c) Excretory (d) Digestive
and their small branches are arterioles. The Renal RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
arteries are the part of circulatory system. They carry Ans. (b) Trachea is a part of the respiratory system of
large amounts of blood from the aorta (hearts main the human body. Trachea, commonly known as the
artery) to the kidneys. windpipe, is a tube about 4 inches long and less than
151. Pulse beat is measured by ………. an inch in diameter in most people. The trachea begins
just under the larynx (voice box) and runs down
(a) Nerve (b) Capillary
behind the breastbone (sternum). The trachea then
(c) Vein (d) Artery divides into two smaller tubes called bronchi: one
RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-IV) bronchus for each lung. The trachea is composed of
Ans. (d) Pulse beat is measured by artery. about 20 rings of tough cartilage. The back part of
each ring is made of muscle and connective tissue.
Moist, smooth tissue called mucosa lines the inside of
(iii) Respiratory System the trachea. The trachea widens and lengthens slightly
with each breath in, returning to its resting size with
152. In humans, respiratory pigments are: each breath out.
(a) Chlorophyll (b) Melanin 156. The maximum amount of air that can be
(c) Rhodopsin (d) Hemoglobin exhaled after maximal inspiration, is called ...
RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-I) ... ... .
Ans : (d) The respiratory pigment found in humans is (a) Residual volume (b) Tidal volume
hemoglobin. It is a metal protein transporting iron- (c) Basal volume (d) Lung volume
containing oxygen found in the red blood cells (RBCs) RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-I)
of the human body. The hemoglobin present in the Ans. (d) The maximum amount of air that can be
blood, transports oxygen from the lungs to the rest of exhaled after the maximal inspiration, is called lung
the body. The red colour of RBCs is due to a pigment volume.
called 'heme' of hemoglobin. 157. Our lungs contain …… cells.
153. The breakdown of glucose to pyruvate takes (a) 100 million (b) 200 million
place in the …………… during energy (c) 400 million (d) 300 million
production. RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-II)
(a) Nucleus Ans : (d) There are 300 million cells in our lungs. As
(b) Endoplasmic reticulum the bronchial tubes pass through lungs, they divide into
(c) Cytoplasm smaller air passages called bronchioles. The bronchioles
(d) Mitochondria end in tiny balloon-like air sacs called alveoli. Human
RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-III) lungs have about 600 million alveoli.Thus, about 400–
800 ft2 surface area is available for the exchange of
Ans : (c) The breakdown of glucose to pyruvate takes
respiratory gases in human lungs.
place in the cytoplasm during energy production.The
process of glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasm. 158. Which of the following is included in exhale?
Glycolysis- In this process, two molecules of pyruvic (a) Hydrogen (b) Helium
acid are formed from one molecule of glucose. This (c) Water vapour (d) Nitrogen
reaction does not require oxygen. Therefore, this RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) Nitrogen gas is included in the exhale. The
main function of the lungs is to perform the exchange of
oxygen and carbon dioxide with air from the
atmosphere.
159. Inflammation of the mucous membrane is
called ………
(a) Bronchitis (b) Hepatitis
(c) Iritis (d) Gastritis
RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Inflammation of the mucous membrane is
called bronchitis. It is related to respiratory inflammation.
It causes inflammation in the respiratory tract, which
causes breathing problems.
Hepatitis - Hepatitis is inflammation of the liver tissue.
Iritis- Relates to inflammation of the eye.
Gastritis- is associated with inflammation of the
stomach.
160. When respiration takes place even in the
absence of oxygen, it is called
______respiration.
(a) Circulatory (b) Anaerobic
(c) Aerobic (d) Contracted
RRB NTPC 23.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(b) Anaerobic respiration is the type of
respiration through which cells can break down sugars
to generate energy in the absence of oxygen.
Aerobic respiration is the process by which organisms
use oxygen to turn fuel, such as fats and sugars, into
chemical energy.
161. In the respiration process, complex organic
compounds such as glucose are broken down to
provide energy in the form of______ .
(a) CAL (b) ATP
(c) NAC (d) PTA
RRB NTPC 09.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(b) During the process of respiration, the complex
carbon compounds usually break into the form of ATP
(Adenosine - Tri Phosphate). ATP is the energy
currency of cell. It is a organic compound composed of
the phosphate groups, adenine and the sugar ribose.
162. When does aerobic respiration take place?
(a) Breakdown of food in the cell with the release
of energy
(b) Breakdown of glucose without the use of
oxygen
(c) Breakdown of food without using oxygen
(d) Breakdown of glucose with the use of oxygen
RRB NTPC 02.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Respiration releases energy stored in glucose
and without it these cells would die. There are two
types of respiration:
Aerobic respiration occurs in the presence of oxygen
and in most cells most of the time.
Anaerobic respiration occurs without oxygen and
much less frequently than aerobic respiration.
163. Diffusion is a process by which:
(a) Organisms can breathe
(b) Oxygen can move across the WBC
(c) Oxygen can move across the plasma
membrane
(d) Organisms can breed
RRB NTPC 03.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) Diffusion is the movement of molecules from
higher concentration to lower concentration. This is due
to the random movement of the molecules. This process
occurs throughout the plasma membrane. Some
examples of diffusion are, on opening the old drink
bottles the CO2 diffuses in the air, sugar gets dissolved
evenly and sweetens the water when dissolved in it etc.
164. What is exhaled in human respiration?
(a) Mixture of gases (b) Carbon monoxide
(c) Oxygen (d) Carbon dioxide
RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) The gas exhaled by humans into respiration is
carbon dioxide.
165. What is the function of alveoli?
(a) To aid in absorption of food
(b) To purify blood
(c) To help digest food
(d) To provide a surface where exchange of gases
take place
RRB NTPC 04.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Alveoli are tiny sacs within our lungs that
provide a surface where exchange of gases take place,
allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to move between the
lungs and bloodstream. There are three overall
processes involved in breathing:
- moving air in and out of lungs (ventilation)
- oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange (diffusion)
- pumping blood through lungs (perfusion)
Alveoli are the center of respiratory system’s gas
exchange. The alveoli pick up the incoming energy
(oxygen) breathe in and release the outgoing waste
product (carbon dioxide) breathe out.
166. Which life process converts chemical energy
into heat energy?
(a) Circulation (b) Nutrition
(c) Respiration (d) Excretion
RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) Respiration takes place inside the cell of
organisms, in which nutrients are used to obtain
biochemical energy. There are two types of respiration:
Anaerobic respiration and Aerobic respiration
1. Aerobic respiration - Aerobic respiration uses
oxygen. Respiration takes place in the presence of
oxygen is called Aerobic respiration. In this
respiration, there is complete oxidation of food and
CO2 and H2O are produced as well as energy
consequently.
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + 686 K.Cal
2. Anaerobic Respiration - Anaerobic respiration is
respiration without oxygen. Respiration takes place
in the absence of oxygen is called anaerobic
respiration. There is incomplete oxidation of
glucose by anaerobic respiration and as a result,
two molecules of CO2 and ethyl alcohol are
produced from one molecule of glucose.
C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + 56 K.Cal energy
167. What is aerobic respiration?
(a) Respiration without molecular oxygen
(b) Respiration in the presence of oxygen
(c) Respiration through the skin
(d) Respiration through gills
RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of above question.
168. Where does breakdown of pyruvic acid occur,
using energy?
(a) Pancreas (b) Liver
(c) Mitochondria (d) Nucleus
RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) Using energy, breakdown of pyruvic acid
occurs in mitochondria. This process takes place in
Krebs cycle. Krebs cycle is also called the tricarboxylic
acid cycle. Krebs cycle was discovered by British
scientist Hans Krebs in 1937 AD. Mitochondria stores
energy in the form of ATP, hence it is also called
‘Power House of the Cell’.
169. The incomplete breakdown of the substance in
the absence of oxygen is called ……….
(a) Difference respiration
(b) Anaerobic respiration
(c) Aerobic respiration
(d) Vascular respiration
RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) Respiration in the absence of oxygen is called
anaerobic respiration. There is incomplete oxidation of
glucose done by anaerobic respiration and as a result,
two molecules of CO2 and ethyl alcohol are produced
from one molecule of glucose.
C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2 + 56 K.Cal energy
This process occurs in the presence of bacteria or yeast
cells.
170. When our muscle cells lack oxygen during
energy production, the 6-carbon molecule is
converted into ............. carbon molecule.
(a) 5 (b) 2
(c) 3 (d) 1
RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) During energy production, when our muscle
cells are deficient in oxygen, the 6-carbon molecule is
converted into a 3-carbon molecule.
171. During inhalation, lungs are filled with air due
to…
(a) Lung failure (b) Lung contraction
(c) Lung inflation (d) Lungs relaxation
RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) Upon inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and
flattens and the chest cavity enlarges. This contraction
creates vaccum, which pulls air into the lungs upon
exhalation, the diaphragm relaxes and return to its
original shape, and air is forced out of the lungs.
172. Exhalation occurs by ………….
(a) Lung inflation
(b) Lung deflation
(c) Inhalation of air
(d) Breakdown of diaphragm
RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) Exhalation occurs by lung deflation
(contraction). Mammals have a pair of flexible and
spongy lungs, through which air is inhaled and exhaled
at a fixed rate, which is called breathing. Breathing
takes place in two parts viz., inhalation and exhalation.
173. The breathing process involves –––––.
(a) Inspiration and Expiration
(b) Cellular respiration and Fermentation
(c) Inflation and Expansion
(d) Access and Incorporation
RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) The breathing process involves inspiration and
expiration.
174. In the human body, inspiration respiratory and
expiratory pigment is. . . .
(a) Pheomelanin (b) Hemoglobin
(c) Melanin (d) Eumelanin
RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) All the cells of RBCs in the human body are
filled with hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is made up of the
pigment called 'heme' and the iron-rich protein globin.
The blood is red in colour due to ‘heme’ pigment, while
iron-rich protein globin has the unique ability to
combine oxygen and carbon dioxide, that is why blood
circulates respiratory gases in the body.
175. Which one of the following connects O2 to
provide energy in our body?
(a) Glycogen (b) Fatty acid
(c) Amino acids (d) Glucose
RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) Glucose binds O2 to provide energy in our
body. Glucose is the simplest carbohydrate. It is soluble
in water and its chemical formula is C6H12O6. It is sweet
in taste and is the primary source of energy for living
cells.
176. Anaerobic respiration occurs in the absence
of……….. .
(a) Oxygen (b) Ozone
(c) Carbon monoxide (d) Carbon dioxide
RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) Anaerobic respiration is the metabolic
process in which oxygen is absent, and only the stage of
glycolysis is completed. This occurs in micro-
organisms, but is also a temporary response to oxygen-
less condition in the cells of multicellular organisms,
such as humans.The respiratory process of pneumatic
organisms uses molecular oxygen, which is a very
powerful oxidizing agent.

(iv) Excretory System
177. In human beings, excretory products in the
form of soluble nitrogen compounds are
removed by the _______ in the kidneys.
(a) Mitochondria (b) Nutrition
(c) Nephrons (d) Nucleus
RRB NTPC 21.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) In human beings, excretory products in the
form of soluble nitrogen compounds are removed by the
nephrons in the kidneys. Each of our kidney is made up
of about a million filtering units called nephrons. Each
nephron includes a filter, called the glomerulus and a
renal tubule. The nephrons work through a two-step
process : the glomerulus filters blood, and the tubule
returns needed substances to our blood and removes
wastes.
178. The kidneys are not only the excretory
organs but also complementary to …….. .
(a) Liver (b) Heart
(c) Large intestine (d) Skin
RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-09, Yellow paper)
Ans : (a) The kidneys are complementary to the liver
along with excretory organs. The ornithine cycle is a
cycle in the liver during which urea is produced from
ammonia. It is a mechanism that occurs in ureotelic
animals. Kidneys also act to excrete urea.
179. Each kidney has a large number of filtration
units called:
(a) Neurons (b) Nerves
(c) Nephrons (d) Nucleus
RRB NTPC 10.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) Each kidney is made up of about a million
filtering units called nephrons. Each nephron filters a
small amount of blood. Nephron filters all the blood in
the body from 20 to 25 times per day, and in doing so
keep the blood components stable.
180. Nephron is associated with -
(a) Respiratory system (b) Nervous system
(c) Circulatory system (d) Excretory system
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans.(d) Nephron is associated with excretory system.
Each nephron is made up of a malpighian body, which
is made up of a Bowman capsule and network of blood
cells. Nephron is known as structural and functional
unit of the kidney.
181. ............. converts ammonia (i.e. toxic) into urea
in humans?
(a) Kidney (b) Liver
(c) Pancreas (d) large intestine
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) Urea formation naturally occurs during the
breakdown process of proteins. This process leads to the
release of amino groups from the amino acids present in
the protein. These amino groups are converted into
highly toxic ammonia (NH3) and this ammonia i.e
produced is eventually converted to urea by the liver.
Urea is formed by the ornithine cycle, in which
ammonia is converted into urea.
182. Where is urea formed?
(a) Pancreas (b) Liver
(c) Small intestine (d) Kidney
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question.
183. ............ are fleshy tubes that allow to move
urine from the kidneys towards the bladder.
(a) Uterus (b) Ureter
(c) Renal pelvis (d) Bile ducts
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) Each ureter is a muscular tube that drains
into the bladder. Smooth muscle contractions in the
walls of the ureters, over time, send the urine in small
spurts into the bladder.The bladder is a hollow
muscular organ shaped like a balloon. The renal pelvis
functions as a funnel for urine flowing to the ureter.
184. Whose primary function is to eliminate the
waste material from the blood by urine
formation?
(a) Kidney (b) Liver
(c) Pancreas (d) Small intestine
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) : The kidney is the excretory organ of humans.
There are two kidneys in the body. Their shape is like
bean seeds. Its outer part is called cortex and inner part
is called medulla. Each kidney is made up of about 10
lakh micro-tubes called renal tubules or Nephrons.
Nephron is the functional unit of kidney. Its main
function is to eliminate toxic excretory substances from
the blood.
185. The filtration units of human kidneys are
called ........ .
(a) Neutrons (b) Nephron
(c) Neurons (d) Protons
RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question.
186. The structural unit of kidney is
(a) Neuron (b) Cytone
(c) Ketone (d) Nephron
RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (d) See the explanation of the above question.
187. Which of the following is not a part of the
human excretory system?
(a) Kidney (b) Urinary duct
(c) Uterus (d) Urethra
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) Kidney, urinary duct and urethra are organs
related to the human excretory system, while the uterus
is the organ related to reproduction.
188. Which of the following compounds is the most
common compound that forms kidney stones?
(a) Calcium oxalate (b) Magnesium oxide
(c) Sodium bicarbonate (d) Magnesium citrate
RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Most kidney stones are calcium stones,
usually in the form of calcium oxalate ( CaC2O4).
Oxalate is a naturally occurring substance found in
food.
189. Which human body organ is involved in the
purification of blood?
(a) Heart (b) Gall bladder
(c) Kidney (d) Spleen
RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans(c) : Kidney is an organ involved in the purification
of blood because the process of filtration takes place in
the glomeruli of Nephron, the structural unit of the
kidney. Respiratory system consists of nasal cavity,
trachea, pharynx, lungs etc. Through inhalation, oxygen
reaches each part of the body and carbon dioxide is
released. The vein carries impure blood and the arteries
carry pure blood to various organs of the body.
190. Nephrology is associated with ..............
(a) Liver (b) Lung
(c) Kidney (d) Duodenum
RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) Nephrology is related to kidney.
191. Kidney failure is treated periodically on a
kidney machine. The process is known as
______.
(a) Hemodialysis (b) Metabolism
(c) Circulation (d) Excretion
RRB NTPC 16.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(a) Hemodialysis is the process of cleaning the
blood of toxins, extra salt and fluids through a dialysis
machine. It helps to maintain proper chemical balance
such as potassium, sodium and chloride and keeps
blood pressure under control.
192. A dialyser, a machine used to clean a patient's
blood, is also known as an artificial:
(a) Intestine (b) Heart
(c) Kidney (d) Lung
RRB NTPC 08.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) Hemodialysis is a treatment to filter wastes and
water from blood, as kidneys did when they were
healthy. Hemodialysis helps control blood pressure and
balance important minerals, such as potassium, sodium,
and calcium, in blood. During hemodialysis, blood goes
through a filter, called a dialyzer, outside body. A
dialyzer is also called as ‘artificial kidney’.
193. Which of the following is not a part of human
excretory system?
(a) Collecting duct (b) Glomerulus
(c) Bowman's capsule (d) Bronchiole
RRB NTPC 08.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(d) Bronchiole is not a part of human excretory
system. It is a part of lungs which carries air to the
lungs. Collecting duct, Glomerulus and Bowman's
Capsule are the parts of kidney.
194. In which disease treatment, dialysis is
involved?
(a) Cancer (b) Astigmatism
(c) Renal failure (d) Arthritis
RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) Uremia is a major symptom of renal failure.It
is a dangerous condition that occurs when the kidneys
no longer filter properly. Dialysis is the main treatment
option for uremia. Dialysis is when the removal of
wastes, extra fluids, and toxins from bloodstream is
handled artificially instead of by kidneys through
Hemodialysis. Hemodialysis is a procedure where a
dialysis machine and a special filter called an artificial
kidney, or a dialyzer, are used to clean blood. This
process is boon for uremic patients in the world.
195. The process of dialysis is related to-
(a) Liver (b) Lungs
(c) Stomach (d) Kidney
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) See explanation of above question.
196. Dialysis is used when a patient has a serious
trouble with -
(a) Lungs (b) Heart
(c) Liver (d) Kidney
RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-IV)
Ans. (d) Dialysis is used when a patient has severe
renal problem.
197. Ultrafiltration is related to:
(a) Respiration (b) Digestion
(c) Excretion (d) Expansion
RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) Ultrafiltration is related to excretion. This
ultrafiltration occurs in the kidney. The human kidney
purify the blood through ultrafiltration.
198. Vas deferens unites with the tube coming from
...to form a common passage called the urethra.
(a) Scrotum
(b) Testis
(c) Prostate gland
(d) Bladder
RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (d) The bladder is the internal organ that collects
urine produced by the kidneys before urinary excretion.
Vas deferens diffusely unites with the tube coming from
the bladder to form a common passage.
199. We can control the stimulation of urination:
(a) When the muscular bladder is under nerve
control.
(b) When the sphincter muscle is present between
the bladder and urethra.
(c) When there is less water in the bladder.
(d) Bladder not filling easily.
RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) The mechanism, by which regulation of
various organs and homeostasis are maintained with
environment is called nervous system. The nervous
system is composed of the brain, spinal cord and the
nerves arising from it. Stimulation of urination is an
involuntary action that is controlled by the nervous
control of the muscular bladder.
200. Find odd one out:
(a) Nissl's granules
(b) Proximal convoluted tubule
(c) Distal convoluted tubule
(d) Bowman Capsule
RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) Nissl's granules are found in neurons while
other terms in the options are related to kidney. Nissl's
granules are of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
with rosettes of free ribosomes, and are the site of
protein synthesis.
201. Which of these organs is not related to the
excretory system?
(a) Coronary artery (b) Renal artery
(c) Hepatic vein (d) Pulmonary vein
RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) The coronary artery carries oxygenated blood
to the heart. It is part of the circulatory system. The
hepatic vein, renal artery and pulmonary vein are part of
the excretory system. The major function of the
excretory system is to eliminate nitrogenous wastes
from the body. Excretion is the process of excreting
toxic and waste substances produced as a result of
metabolic activities.
202. ............... is present in the lining of the renal
tubule.
(a) Columnar epithelium
(b) Parenchyma
(c) Cuboidal epithelium
(d) Squamous epithelium
RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) : Cuboidal epithelium is present in the lining
of the renal tubule. These cuboidal cells have large,
spherical and central nuclei. Simple cuboidal epithelia
are found on the surface of ovaries, the lining of
nephrons, the walls of the renal tubules, and parts of the
eye and thyroid. On these surfaces, the cells perform
secretion and absorption.
203. In humans, which of the following is the
function of the nephrons?
(a) Nutrition (b) Excretion
(c) Transport (d) Respiration
RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) The function of the nephrons in the human
body is excretion. Excretion is the process of excreting
toxic and waste substances produced as a result of
metabolic activities. Other major functions of the
kidney include purification of blood, balance of water in
the body, balance of acid and alkali, aid in the
production of blood particles, etc.
204. –––––– is a 20 cm long tube, which carries
urine from the bladder.
(a) Scrotum (b) Urethra
(c) Penis (d) Testis
RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) The urethra is a tube extending from the
internal urethral orifice located in the bladder to the
external urethral orifice through which urine passes out.
In men, the urethra is about 20 cm. There is a long tube
(8 inches) which acts as an aperture for both urine and
semen. Urethra in women is about 4 cm. (1.5 inches)
long, which serves only the urinary system.
(v) Nervous System
205. Which part of the brain regulates breathing?
(a) Mid brain (b) Fore brain
(c) Medulla (b) Cerebellum
RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (c) The medulla is the lowest part of the brain
column. It is situated between the pons on the top and
the spinal cord on the bottom. The medulla has
coordination centres of heart pulsation rate and
intensity, diameter of blood vessels, breathing rate, food
ingestion, coughing, sneezing, hiccups, tongue
movements, etc. that regulate these responses of human.
206. Name the structure of the eye that acts to
refract light rays and focus on the retina?
(a) Cornea (b) Pupil
(c) Lens (b) Iris
RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) The structure of the eye, which acts to refract
light rays and focus on the retina, is called a lens.
207. Nodes of Ranvier are microscopic gaps found
within ………. .
(a) Myelinated axons (b) Osteoblasts
(c) Glandular cells (d) Chondroblasts
RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans. (a) Nodes of Ranvier are microscopic gaps found
within myelinated axons. The Nodes of Ranvier are the
gaps between the myelin insulation of Schwann cells
which insulate the axon of neuron. These refract the
neuron's axis. Schwann cells are also called glial cells.
208. Which of the following is the main thinking
part of the human brain?
(a) Hind-brain (b) Cerebellum
(c) Mid- brain (d) Fore- brain
RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans : (d) Forebrain is highly developed in humans and
is the centre of all intelligence, consciousness,
willpower, knowledge, memory, speech, thinking and
thought collection. Therefore, it provides the ability to
read, write, speak, think, future planning, etc.
The human brain has three parts: (A) Fore-brain, (B)
Mid-brain (C) Hind-brain.
The forebrain also controls reflex actions like laughing,
crying, excretion. It also serves as the center of
transmission of sensory responses, which contains
information about hearing, sight, taste, touch,
temperature, pressure, etc.
209. In which of these organs is the thermostat of
the human body contained?
(a) Pineal gland (v) Pituitary gland
(c) Thyroid (d) Hypothalamus
RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-07, Yellow paper)
Ans. (d) The hypothalamus is a part of the brain which
has many small nuclei with different functions. One of
the important functions of the hypothalamus is to
connect the nervous system to the endocrine system
through the pituitary gland (hypophysis). All vertebrate
brains have hypothalamus. In humans, it is shaped like a
pea shape.
Pineal gland - The pineal gland (also called the pineal
body) is called epiphysis or third eye. It is tiny
endocrine gland present in veretebrate brain. It produces
serotonin derived melatonin which helps maintain
circadian rhythm and regulate reproductive hormones.
210. What is Cyton called?
(a) Perikaryon cell
(b) Neurofibril
(c) Stimulation
(d) Olfactory receptors
RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) Cyton is also known as perikaryon cell.
Cyton is the central spherical part or cell body of a
neuron containing the nucleus and excluding its
processes. It mainly contains nucleus connecting the
dendrites. Its cytoplasm shows characteristic Nissl's
granules. Cyton receives electrical impulses from other
neurons through dendrites. It also brings information on
the neuron, the axon that would send the information to
other neurons. Main function of cell body is to control
all functions of cell in the body to work properly.
211. Which of the following is a basic structural and
functional unit of the nervous system?
(a) Nasopalatine (b) Nephron
(c) Neurons (d) Nephric
RRB NTPC 02.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) A neuron or nerve cell is an electrically
excitable cell that communicates with other cells via
specialized connections called synapses. It is the main
component of nervous tissue in all animals except
sponges and placozoa. It is a basic structural and
functional unit of the nervous system. Neurons are the
longest tissue of a human body.
212. Dendrites and synapses are associated with:
(a) Bark (b) Epithelium
(c) Retina (d) Nerve cell
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans. (d) Nerve cells are structural and functional units
of the nervous system. Their number in the human body
is about 100 billion (1010). Most of nerve cells are
present in the brain. It is made up of neuro blast cells of
the embryo. They are responsible for the electrical
excitability of muscle cells, and they mediate most
forms of electrical signaling in the nervous system.
They are specialized for signal transmission.
213. Which of the following is not a voluntary
action?
(a) Moving a chair
(b) Beating of heart
(c) Closing of fist
(d) Taking an object
RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans : (b) When an action is produced with the
involvement of thoughts, they are called the voluntary
action. It involves actions like walking, eating, jumping,
moving a chair, closing a fist, taking an object and
running etc. These actions are produced consciously.
Both spinal cord and brain are involved and these
coordinate with PNS to generate necessary movements.
Actions which take place without consciousness or
willingness of an individual are called the involuntary
action. Digestion, heart beating, sneezing, etc are few
examples of involuntary actions.
214. The ECG senses the electric forces generated
by ………. .
(a) Stomach (b) Kidney
(c) Brain (d) Heart
RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) The ECG senses the electrical forces generated
by the heart.
215. Which of the following helps to diagnose heart
problems?
(a) BCG (b) EEG
(c) ECG (d) ECT
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) ECG helps diagnose heart problems.
216. Which body part is tested by ECG?
(a) Heart (b) Brain
(c) Small intestine (d) Kidney
RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) ECG tests heart mechanism.
217. Involuntary actions in humans such as blood
pressure, salivation and vomiting are
controlled by the:
(a) Medulla (b) Spinal cord
(c) Pons (d) Hypothalamus
RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (a) Involuntary actions takes place without the
conscious choice of an organism. Involuntary action is
the set of muscle movement which does not require
thinking but it is controlled by brain for example
beating of heart. These actions are controlled by the
medulla. Medulla directly controls certain ANS
responses, such as heart rate, breathing, blood vessel
dilation, digestion, sneezing, swallowing and vomiting.
218. The ……….. is responsible for precision of
voluntary actions and maintaining the posture
and balance of the body.
(a) Mid brain (b) Cerebellum
(c) Cerebrum (d) Spinal cord
RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans. (b) The cerebellum is responsible for precision of
voluntary actions and maintaining the posture and
balance of the body.
219. Thermoregulation in humans is controlled by
…………. .
(a) Liver (b) Hypothalamus
(c) Heart (d) Lungs
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) The hypothalamus gland is a part of the brain.
The secretion of the pituitary gland is regulated by this
gland that controls many bodily functions of hunger,
thirst, heat, anger, happiness, sexual intercourse.
220. Which part of the human brain is the center of
intelligence, memory and emotions?
(a) Hypothalamus (b) Cerebrum
(c) Corpus (d) Mid brain
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) The Cerebrum is the part of the brain which is
the center of intelligence, memory and emotions.
Embryologically, the cerebrum is derived from the
prosencephalon. It controls posture coordination, balance,
movements of voluntary muscles, etc. Its main function is
to maintain the balance of the body. It controls the
contraction of the voluntary muscles of the body.
221. The function of the lens in our eyes is to -
(a) Cover the eyes.
(b) Send message of images to the brain.
(c) Change the focal distance of the eye.
(d) Protects eyes from injury.
RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) The function of the lens in our eyes is to
change the focal distance of the eye. When the rays of
light moving from an object reach the cornea, it is
refracted and enters the eye.This makes an inverse
image of the object on the retina, then the object gives
us straight apperance.
222. The area of the retina where the vision is
highest is
(a) Vitreous body (b) Blind spot
(c) Fovea (d) Choroid
RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) The area of the retina, where the vision is
highest, is called fovea.
223. Which of the following parts allows light to
enter into the human eye?
(a) Retina (b) Iris
(c) Cornea (d) Pupil
RRB NTPC 02.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) Light rays enter the eye through the cornea, the
clear front “window” of the eye. The cornea's refractive
power bends the light rays in such a way that they pass
freely through the pupil, the opening in the centre of the
iris through which light enters the eye.
224. In which part of body is cornea and retina
found?
(a) Ear (b) Eye
(c) Palm (d) Nose
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) The cornea and retina are found in the eye of
the human body.
225. On which of the following principle does the
human eye work?
(a) Scattering of light (b) Dispersion of light
(c) Refraction of light (d) Reflection of light
RRB JE 01.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) The human eye works on principle ‘ refraction
of light’.
226. What is called feature of adaptation of human
eyes to see near and distant objects?
(a) Myopia (b) Accomodation
(c) Veteren (d) Reform
RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Accomodation is feature of adaptation of
human eyes to see near and distant objects.
Myopia is the term used to define being shortsighted.
A myopic person has clear vision when looking at
objects close to them, but distant objects will appear
blurred. Hypermetropia, sometimes called hyperopia, is
the term used to define being longsighted. If a person is
hypermetropic, the image of a nearby object is formed
behind the retina. This means that light is focused too
far back in the eye, causing things which are close up to
appear blurred. Hypermetropia and Myopia, both are
refractive defects in vision.
227. Which of the following is NOT a part of the
human eye?
(a) Iris (b) Ciliary muscles
(c) Cornea (d) Cochlea
RRB NTPC 21.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(d) Cornea, Retina, Iris, Pupil, Aqueous humour,
Crystalline lens, Ciliary muscles, Optic nerve, Vitreous
humour are the parts of the human eye; whereas
Cochlea (the coiled portion of the labyrinth), Pinna,
Temporal bone, Malleus, Incus, Stapes in oval window,
Cochlear nerve, Eustachian tube, Tympanic membrane
are the parts of the human ear.
228. Least distance of distinct vision for normal eye
is …… .
(a) 15 cm (b) 20 cm
(c) 25 cm (d) 30 cm
RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) Least distance of distinct vision for the normal
eye is 25 cm. The ability of the eye lens to adjust its
focal length is called power of accommodation. This is
done by the ciliary muscles by changing the focal length
of eye lens.
229. When a person can see only nearby objects, the
condition is called?
(a) Hypermetropia (b) Astigmatism
(c) Myopia (d) Retinopathy
RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) When a person can see only nearby objects,
this condition is called myopia. This is because light is
focused in front of the retina and, being too far forward
in the eye, things at the distance look blurred.
Shortsightedness is corrected using a concave (curved
inwards) lens which is placed in front of a myopic eye,
moving the image back to the retina and making it
clearer.
230. Which of the following is an eye disorder?
(a) Sinus (d) Arthritis
(c) Jaundice (d) Myopia
RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
231. How many muscles are used to control the
eyeball?
(a) Five (b) Four
(c) Six (d) Seven
RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) There are six muscles involved in the control
of the eyeball. They can be divided into two groups; the
four recti muscles (Superior Rectus, Inferior Rectus,
Medial Rectus and Lateral Rectus) and the two oblique
muscles(Superior Oblique, Inferior Oblique).
232. How much does the human brain weigh?
(a) About 2% of total body weight
(b) About 8% of total body weight
(c) About 12% of total body weight
(d) About 15% of total body weight
RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) The human brain is a group of nerve cells,
which are closed in a bone called the cranium of the
head. The number of cells in brain remains almost same
throughout life. The human brain weighs about 2%
(about 1400 grams) of its total body weight.
233. Pons is a part of human:
(a) Kidney (b) Adrenal gland
(c) Brain (d) Heart
RRB NTPC 13.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) Pons is a portion of the brain stem. It is located
above the medulla oblongata and below the midbrain. It
is approximately 2.5 cm long, it serves several
important functions. It is a bridge between various parts
of the nervous system, including the cerebellum and
cerebrum.
234. Which of the following is true?
(a) The image formed on the retina is inverted.
(b) The image formed on the retina is twice the
original image.
(c) The shape of the image formed on the retina
is similar to the object.
(d) The reflection formed on the retina is a
semicircle.
RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) The image formed on the retina is inverted
and real. The real and inverted image formed on the
retina is carried to the brain by the optic nerve in the
form of electrical signals. The brain interprets these
signals and processes the information such that we see
the objects erect.
235. Which of the following is not true about
cerebellum?
(a) It is a part of the hindbrain.
(b) It is located in the posterior region of the
brain.
(c) It is a very small part of the brain, about 25%.
(d) It consists of three parts, two lateral cerebellar
hemispheres and a central vermix.
RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) The cerebellum is the upper part of the
hindbrain. It is about 11% of the brain which is made of
pons and medulla oblongata . The cerebellum is
responsible for maintaining equilibrium, transfer of
information, fine adjustments to motor actions,
coordinating eye movements etc. Coordination and
body balance, posture during walking, riding, standing,
swimming, running, are all maintained by the
cerebellum.
236. For how long does the sensation of sound
persist in the human brain?
(a) 0.1 s (b) 0.001 s
(c) 10 s (d) 0.2 s
RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) The sensation of sound remains in our brain
for about 0.1 second. Due to the refraction of the sound,
it is heard far away in the night than in the day.
237. 'I pulled my hand back from the flame
reflexly'. Which organ is responsible for such
an action?
(a) Cerebrum (b) Spinal cord
(c) Pons (d) Cerebellum
RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) The spinal cord of our body is responsible for
pulling the hand back from the flame. Sensory reflexes
transmitted into motor neurons through synapses in grey
matter of spinal cord i.e they become motor inductions.
These receive sensory information from the body,
including fine touch, proprioception, and vibration. The
signals originate in nerves found in the skin, bones, or
joints and travel through interneurons for immediate
responses and through the dorsal column-medial
lemniscus tract for more involved movement. Grey
column is responsible for regulating the autonomic
nervous system through its role in activating the
sympathetic nervous system.
238. The brain is also the coordinating center of the
body:
(a) Main (b) Vestigial
(c) Secondary (d) Optional
RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) The brain is an essential part of the body of
most animals. Human brain is well- developed. The
weight of an adult human brain is about 1350–1400
grams. It is protected within the skull and
coordinates muscle movements, maintain posture, and
balance of the body etc. There are three parts of human
brain - 1. Fore-brain, 2. Mid-brain, 3. Hind-brain
239. EEG (electroencephalogram) test is conducted
for diagnosing ailments of which of the
following organs?
(a) Brain (b) Heart
(c) Stomach (d) Lungs
RRB NTPC 31.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a test that
detects electrical activity in brain using small, metal
disc (electrodes) attached to scalp. Brain cells
communicate via electrical impulses and are active all
the time, even during sleeping. An EEG might also be
helpful for diagnosing or treating the following
disorders.
• Brain tumor.
• Brain damage from head injury
• Inflammation of the brain (Encephalitis)
• Encephalopathy
• Stroke
• Sleep disorders
240. Which of the following is composed of nerve
fibres that mediate reflex actions and that
transmit impulses to and from the brain?
(a) Muscles (b) Rib cage
(c) Heart (d) Spinal Cord
RRB NTPC 30.12.2020 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Spinal cord, major nerve tract of vertebrates,
extending from the base of the brain through the canal
of nerve fibres that mediate reflex actions and that
transmit impulses to and from the brain.
241. Which of these is associated with colour vision?
(a) Optic disc (b) Rods
(c) Cones (d) Iris
RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Cone cells are related to colour vision.
242. How much does the human brain weigh in
grams?
(a) 1800-2000 (b) 120-140
(c) 1200-1400 (d) 250-300
RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) The weight of human brain in grams is 1200 -
1400 grams. The brain is the central information and
transmission organ of the human body. It performs the
functions of movement, balance, heat control, hunger
and thirst, transportation, activities of many endocrine
glands and control of human behavior. It is also the site
of seeing, hearing, speaking, recollection, sharpness,
feelings and thoughts.
243. The cerebellum is related to-
(a) Memory and hunger
(b) Thinking
(c) All involuntary actions
(d) Rotation and control of muscles
RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d) The cerebellum, part of the posterior brain, is
also called mesencephalon. It controls coordination,
balance, movements of voluntary muscles, etc. Its main
function is to maintain the balance of the body and
control the contraction of the voluntary muscles.
244. .......... helps the eye to adjust the focal length of
the lens.
(a) Retina (b) Entire eye ball
(c) Lens (d) Ciliary body
RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) The ciliary body helps eye to adjust the focal
length of the lens. The ciliary body is the part of the eye
that includes the ciliary muscle, which controls the
shape of the lens, and the ciliary epithelium, which
produces the aqueous humor. The aqueous humor is the
thin, clear, watery fluid between cornea and lens in
eyeball of eye.
245. ……….. tissue is made up of neurons, which
receive and transmit impulses.
(a) Epithelial (b) Connective
(c) Nervous (d) Muscular
RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) The control and coordination of motion in
animals is done by the nervous and muscular tissues.
Nervous tissue is made up of an organized network of
neurons and is capable of transmiting information from
one part of the body to another by electrical impulses.
246. Which of these is a nerve cell?
(a) Neuron (b) Orion
(c) Nucleus (d) Beon
RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-IV)
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
247. The nature of nerve impulse is:
(a) Electrical (b) Chemical
(c) Physical (d) Electrochemical
RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) The nervous system is made up of sensory
organs, nerves, brain, spinal cord and nerve cells. The
unit of the nervous system is a neuron. A nerve impulse
can be defined as an electrical signal which generates
along the length of the axon due to differential
distribution and permeability to the sodium and
potassium ions. It is caused due to the activities of
pumps and channel proteins. At the axon terminal, the
electrical impulse is changed into the chemical form via
the release of the neurotransmitters like acetylcholine
into the synapse or the end plate. So, the nature of nerve
impulse is electrochemical.
248. The amount of light entering the eye is
controlled by:
(a) Pupil (b) Cornea
(c) Retina (d) Sclera
RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) The amount of light entering the eye is
controlled by pupil. The iris opens and closes to control
the amount of light entering the eye through the pupil.
The pupil is the opening in the center of the iris where
light enters the eye.
249. The pupil is a part of …………. .
(a) Bone marrow (b) Eye
(c) Gall bladder (d) Kidney
RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
250. ............ controls involuntary actions such as
coughing and sneezing?
(a) Medulla (b) Brain
(c) Pons (d) Cerebellum
RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) The medulla oblongata is responsible for
regulating several basic functions of the autonomic
nervous system, including respiration, cardiac function,
vasodilation, and reflexes like vomiting, coughing,
sneezing, and swallowing.
251. ............is the space between two neurons.
(a) Dendrite (b) Synapse
(c) Axon (d) Cerebrospinal fluid
RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) Synapse is the space between two
neurons.The transmission of nerve impulses from one
neuron to another neuron is completed by synapse.
Neuron is the structural and functional unit of nervous
system. It consists of dendrites, axon and soma.
Dendrites are the small extension of nerve cells that
receives signals from sensory receptors or other
neurons.The long extension of cell body of nerve cell is
called as axon that serves to conduct the nerve impulse
away from the cell body.
252. Synapse is the point at which a nervous impulse
passes from:
(a) One epithelial cell to another
(b) One neuron to another
(c) One endocrine gland to another
(d) The brain to the spinal cord
RRB NTPC 15.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
253. The junction between two neurons is called:
(a) Nodes of Ranvier (b) Motor end plate
(c) Synapse (d) Gap junction
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) The junction between two neurons is called
synapse.
254. The main thinking part of the brain is
(a) Medulla (b) Forebrain
(c) Spinal cord (d) Mid-brain
RRB Group-D 29-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) Cerebrum(a major part of forebrain) is the main
thinking part of brain. It has sensory, motor and association
areas. The forebrain is main thinking part of the brain. It
is considered to be the largest of the brain and the major
part of the central nervous system.
255. The branch like structure of neurons is called
……….. .
(a) End bulb (b) Axon
(c) Dendrite (d) Cell
RRB NTPC 03.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Dendrites are projections of a neuron (nerve
cell) that receive signals (information) from other
neurons. The transfer of information from one neuron
to another is achieved through chemical signals and
electric impulses, i.e. electrochemical signals.
256. Each neuron is formed of a cytone (cell body),
from which arises a number of small branched
processes called-
(a) Axon
(b) Sympathetic division
(c) Reflex action
(d) Dendrites
RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) Each neuron is formed of a cytone (cell body),
from which arises a number of small branched processes
called dendrites.These are branch-like structures that
receive messages from other neurons and allow the
transmission of messages to the cell body. Neurons are
the building blocks of the nervous system. They receive
and transmit signals to different parts of the body. This is
carried out in both physical and electrical forms. There
are several different types of neurons that facilitate the
transmission of information.
Axon is a tube-like structure that carries electrical
impulse from the cell body to the axon terminals that
passes the impulse to another neuron.
Synapse is the chemical junction between the terminal of
one neuron and dendrites of another neuron.
257. In which part of a neuron is information
acquired?
(a) Cell body (b) Nerve ending
(c) Dendrite (d) Axon
RRB NTPC 05.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) The part of neuron that acquires information is
dendrite and the part of neuron through which
information travels as an electrical impulse is axon. The
transfer of information from neuron to neuron takes
place through the release of chemical substance into the
space between the axon and the dendrites.
258. Involuntary actions such as breathing,
salivation and peristalsis are controlled by:
(a) Medulla oblongata (b) Cerebellum
(c) Cerebrum (d) Hypothalamus
RRB NTPC 15.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(a) Involuntary actions such as breathing,
salivation and peristalsis are controlled by Medulla
oblongata. Medulla oblangata is a part of the brain
which regulates functions like respiration, sneezing and
blood circulation.
259. Which of the following is not true for
cerebellum?
(a) It maintains equilibrium of the body.
(b) It controls activities like speaking, seeing,
smelling, tasting, listening, intelligence etc.
(c) It is located in posterior region behind the
brain
(d) It is a part of hind-brain.
RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) The cerebellum is a part of hind-brain. It
maintains equilibrium of body and controls contraction
of voluntary muscles. It does not control activities like
speaking, seeing, smelling, tasting, hearing and
intelligence etc. They are controlled by the cerebrum.
260. The image , formed on the retina of the human
eye is:
(a) Real and inverted (b) Virtual and inverted
(c) Real and erect (d) Virtual and erect
RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) Human eye forms a real but inverted image on
the retina. The human eye is part of the body that reacts
to light to detect the objects.
261. The aperture controlling the light entering in
the eye is called:
(a) Blind point (b) Iris
(c) Pupil (d) Sclerotic Layer
RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) The pupil is the aperture controlling the light
entering in the eye.
262. Which one of the following is not correct about
cerebrum?
(a) It consists of two parts, which are called
cerebral hemispheres.
(b) It is the largest part constituting 80% of the
brain.
(c) It forms the front, superior and lateral side of
the brain.
(d) The cerebrum coordinates muscle activity.
RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-II)
RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-III)
RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) The brain is the central information and
transmission organ of the human body. The brain is
mainly divided into three parts, such as the forebrain,
mid-brain and hind- brain. The cerebrum is the part of
the anterior brain which is about 80% of the brain and it
forms the frontal, superior and lateral part of the brain.
Thinking, understanding, remembrance, love, hatred,
fear etc. are controlled and coordinated by the fore brain
while the movements of muscles are controlled by hind-
brain.
263. Which among the following activities voluntary
muscles are involved?
A. Jumping of frog
B. Movement of food in the stomach
C. Pumping of heart
D. Writing in hand
(a) B and C (b) A, B and C
(c) A and D (d) Only C
RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) Voluntary muscles are made of striated
muscle tissues and contract under conscious control. It
comprises skeletal muscles, head and thoracic muscles.
Jumping of frog and writing in hand are examples of
voluntary muscle action.An involuntary action is one
which occurs without the conscious choice of an
organism. Movement of food in the stomach,
contraction - expansion of blood vessels and pumping
of heart are examples of involuntary muscle action.
Involuntary actions are opposite of voluntary actions
that occur because of choice.
264. How many spinal nerves are there in human
body?
(a) 31 pairs (b) 30 pairs
(c) 33 pairs (d) 32 pairs
RRB NTPC 03.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) The part of the body which helps in
consideration, understanding, memorizing and
controlling voluntary and involuntary actions of human
body is termed as nervous system. It is of two types:
1– Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)
2– Central Nervous System (CNS)
CNS is constituted by spinal and cranial nerves. The
human body has 12 pairs of cranial nerves and 31 pairs
of spinal nerves.
265. Pinna is the outer part of ……… .
(a) Nose (b) Fingers
(c) Ear (d) Eye
RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) Pinna is the outer part of the ear. The ear is the
main part of the auditory system in humans and other
mammals. Pinna collects sound waves and sends them
to external auditory meatus. It is found in the external
ear.
266. Which part of the human ear collects sound
from the surroundings?
(a) Pinna (b) Anvil
(c) Stirrup (d) Hammer
R.R.B. JE. Stage - II 30-08-2019 (Shift - III)
Ans. (a) : See the explanation of the above question.
267. Rod and cone are found:
(a) Heart (b) Lungs
(c) Eye (d) Nose
RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-III)
RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) The retina is the innermost layer of the eye, in
which two types of photoreceptors are found:
1. Rod cells - Rods are responsible for peripheral
vision, and are located outside of the central part of
the retina. They are responsible for night vision,
because they are highly sensitive to low-intensity
light. They are completely blind to high-intensity
light, so they are not important for daytime vision or
for visual acuity. Because they are not able to
distinguish colours, they produce achromatic vision.
2. Cone cells- They are responsible for the visual
acuity of the human eye (the ability of the eye to
resolve and to pick up the minor details on an
object) and for distinguishing colours.
268. Which cells present in the retina are sensitive
to normal and bright light and give colour
sensation?
(a) Bright cells
(b) Rods or rod-shaped cells
(c) Cones and cone-shaped cells
(d) Blind cells
RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question.
269. Which of the following is not correct about
cerebellum?
(a) It consists of two parts called cerebral
hemispheres.
(b) It lies in the posterior region of the brain.
(c) It is a part of hind brain.
(d) It is much smaller constituting, 12% of the
brain.
RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) The cerebellum has three parts. There are two
lateral lobes and one vermis. Both lateral lobes grow to
form a circular shape, called the Cerebellar
hemisphere. The upper part of the brain is located in the
cerebral cranium, the two small hemispheres of the
cerebellum appear to be connected at the bottom of their
posterior part. The cerebrum and cerebellum are
covered with membranes, which are called meninges.
270. The organ of Corti is concerned with:
(a) Hearing (b) Lactic acid
(c) Seeing (d) Balancing
RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) Corti-organ is related to hearing.
271. 'Auditory’sense refers to:
(a) Hearing (d) Taste
(c) Smell (d) Vision
RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) 'Auditory' is related to hearing.
272. What is another name for eardrum?
(a) Pinna (b) Eustachian Tube
(c) Tympanic membrane (d) cochlea
RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) Another name for eardrum is Trympanic
membrane.
273. Which part of the ear turns sound vibrations to
electrical signals?
(a) Cochlea
(b) Tympanic membrane
(c) Auditory canal
(d) Pinna
RRB JE 01.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) The cochlea of the ear converts sound
vibrations into electrical signals.
274. Which part of the human ear vibrates
according to the sound received?
(a) Hammer (b) Pinna
(c) Auditory nerve (d) Tympanic membrane
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) Vibration occurs in Tympanic membrane of
the human ear according to the sound received.
275. With which of the following is the term
'Olfactory' related?
(a) Hear (b) See
(c) Feel (d) Smell
RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) The word 'olfactory' is related to smell.
276. The cell body of a neuron is called:
(a) Perikaryon (b) Schwann cells
(c) Dendron (b) Soma
RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) The cell body of a neuron is called soma.
(vi) Skeleton System
277. Which one of the following statement is NOT
correct?
(a) The stapes in the middle ear is the smallest
bone of the human skeleton.
(b) Appendix is a vestigial organ present in the
human body.
(c) Bone marrow produces red blood cells in the
human body.
(d) The human vertebral column has 33
vertebrae.
RRB NTPC 15.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(d) In the given statements, option (d) is incorrect
because our vertebral column is formed by 26 serially
arranged units called vertebrae and is dorsally placed. It
extends from the base of the skull and constitutes the
main framework of the trunk. The vertebral column is
differentiated into cervical (7), thoracic (12), lumbar
(5), sacral (1-fused) and coccygeal (1-fused) regions
starting from the skull. Point to be noted is that there are
33 small vertebrae in the vertebral column of the child.
278. In humans, the tissue that connects the muscles
to bones is called:
(a) Tendon (b) Fiber
(c) Axon (d) Femur
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans. (a) A tendon is a fibrous connective tissue which
attaches muscle to bone. Both tendons & ligaments are
made of collagen. The tendon is equivalent to the
ligaments. A ligament is a fibrous connective tissue
which attaches bone to bone, and usually serves to hold
structures together and keep them stable.
279. A tendon made of:
(a) Collagen fiber only
(b) Elastic connective tissue fibers
(c) Inelastic connective tissue fibers
(d) Elastic & inelastic connective tissue fibers
RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans. (a) The end of muscles is called tendon. It 286. The number of bones in an adult human body
connects muscles to bones or cartilage. A tendon is a is:
tough band of fibrous connective tissue that usually (a) 156 (b) 16
connects muscle to bone and is capable of withstanding (c) 206 (d) 296
tension. These are made up of long bands of collagen. RRB NTPC 09.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
The collagen portion is made up of 97–98% type I
collagen, with small amounts of other types of collagen. Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question.
280. Which acid causes pain in our muscles? 287. Select the wrong pair of bone and related part
(a) Lactic acid (b) Sulphuric acid of the human body from the given alternatives.
(c) Hydrochloric acid (d) Acetic acid (a) Maxilla - Jaw (b) Patella bone - Leg
RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Set-2, Red Paper) (c) Carpal bone - Neck (d) Ulna bone - Hand
Ans. (a) Lactic acid causes pain in our muscles. Due to RRB NTPC 23.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
accumulation of lactic acid in the muscles, body feels Ans. (c) The correct answer is as follows:
fatigue more and persists pain.
Bones in Human body Related Part
281. Muscle fatigue occurs due to accumulation of: Maxilla Jaw
(a) Lactic acid (b) Carbon dioxide Patella bone Leg
(c) Creatine phosphate (d) CO Carpal bone Wrist
RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-I) Ulna bone Hand
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. 288. Approximately, how many bones are there in a
282. What is the total number of bones in the child's body at the time of birth?
skeleton of an average adult human? (a) 200 Bones (b) 300 Bones
(a) 350 (b) 206 (c) 275 Bones (d) 250 Bones
(c) 115 (d) 540 RRB NTPC 30.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Red Paper) Ans.(b) A boy's body has about 300 bones at birth.
Ans. (b) The structure of the human body is made up of They eventually fuse to form the 206 bones that adults
bones. All bones are connected to each other. There are have. Some of a baby's bones are made entirely of a
muscles above the bones, which helps joints of bones in special material called cartilage. Other bones in a baby
movement. Bones and muscles protect the internal are partly made of cartilage.
organs of the body. There are 206 bones are found in
human body. The organ forming the structure of the 289. How many bones does a new born human baby
human body is called the skeletal system. have?
(a) 208 (b) 234
283. The ……… has abundant white fibres.
(c) 270 (d) 354
(a) Ligaments (b) Tendons
RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
(c) Cartilages (d) Bones
RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans. (c) The human baby has 270 bones (about 350) in
Ans : (b) Abundant white fibres are found in tendons. its body, while 206 bones are found in adult. 29 bones
The end of muscles is called tendon. These connect are found in human skull. The largest bone in the body
muscles to bones or cartilages. These are strong band-
is the femur (in the thigh) and the smallest bone in the
like structures of connective tissues made of dense
human body is the stapes (in the ear). The total number
collagen fibers.
of muscles in the body is 639.
284. In human body,vertebrae is part of:
(a) Intestine (b) Liver 290. Which part of the muscular system attaches
(c) Spinal cord (d) Brain bone to bone?
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-II) (a) Tendon (b) Cartilage
Ans. (c) The vertebrae is a part of the spinal cord in the (c) Muscle (d) Ligament
human body. The vertebrate is the largest sub-phylum RRB NTPC 25.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
of phylum Chordata of kingdom Animalia in which all Ans. (d) Ligament is a connective tissue which joints
members consist backbone /spinal cord. one bone to another bone. Tendon is also a connective
285. Which is the longest bone in the human body? tissue which joints muscles to bones.
(a) Patella (b) Sternum 291. Two bones are connected in human body by:
(c) Tibia (d) Femur (a) Joints (b) Ligaments
RRB NTPC 21.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Muscles (d) Small bones
Ans. (d) There are total 206 bones in human body, in RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
which the longest bone is the femur which is found in Ans : (b) In the human body, two bones are connected to
the thigh. Whereas the smallest bone is the stapes, each other by ligament. An adult human body has 206
found in the ear. The hardest part of the body is the bones. While there are 270 bones in the body of the
enamel of the tooth. infant. Osteology is the scientific study of bones.
292. ................ connects bones. Ans. (c) Stapes, or stirrup is the smallest bone found
(a) Cartilage (b) Alveolar in inner ear.
(c) Nerves (d) Ligaments
300. In which part of the human body would you
RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-II)
RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-III) find the smallest bone?
Ans : (d) See the explanation of the above question. (a) Knees (b) Nose
(c) Ears (d) Fingers
293. The two bones can be connected to each other
by another connective tissue that is called RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I)
(a) Ligament (b) Cartilage Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question.
(c) Matrix (d) Muscle 301. Which is the hardest substance in the human
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I) body?
Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question. (a) Finger nail (b) Skull bones
294. ................... is not a human bone joint. (c) Knee cap (d) Tooth enamel
(a) Ball and socket (b) Gliding RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-I)
(c) Macro (d) Saddle Ans. (d) Tooth enamel is the hardest substance in the
RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist human body. Tooth enamel protects teeth from decay
Ans.(c) Macro is not a human bone joint, rather it is and cavities. When it is damaged or destroyed, teeth
used to record and operate macro records in computer and gums are more susceptible to oral health issues
application software whereas ball and socket, gliding more serious disease.
and saddle is the joint of human bone, which is a type of
synovial joint. 302. There are 29 bones in the human head. Which
295. Which is the smallest bone of the human body? of the following classifications is correct?
(a) Humerus (b) Femur (a) Forehead-8, Facial-14, Ear-4, Hyoid-3
(c) Malleus (d) Stapes (b) Forehead-8, Facial-14, Ear-6, Hyoid-1
RRB NTPC 08.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Forehead-8, Facial-12, Ear-6, Hyoid-3
Ans. (d) Our body comprises of 206 bones. (d) Forehead-8, Facial-12, Ear-8, Hyoid-1
* The smallest bone in the human body is called RRB NTPC 03.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
stapes, located in the middle ear. There are three Ans.(b) The 29 head bones consist of 8 cranial bones,14
bones in the middle ear- malleus, stapes and incus. facial bones, 1 hyoid bones and 6 auditory bones(Ear).
* Femur or thigh bone is the largest and heaviest bone The 8 cranial bones are the frontal, 2 parietal, occipital,
in the human body. 2 temporal, sphenoid and ethmoid bones.
296. What is the smallest bone in the human body? 303. Which part of the human body is formed by
(a) Tibia (b) Trapezium the fusing of the ilium, ischium and the pubis?
(c) Stapes (d) Femur
(a) Jaw (b) Hip bone
RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
(c) Cranium (d) Feet
Ans : (c) The smallest bone in the human body is
RRB NTPC 22.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
stapes, the ear bone.The trapezium is an irregular-
shaped carpal bone found within the hand. The largest Ans. (b) The hip bone of the human body is formed by
bone in the body is the femur ( thigh bone). Mandible fusing of the illium, ischium and pubis. It lies in the hip
or jawbone is strongest and hardest bone of human of the human body. At the end of the teenage the illium,
body. ischium and pubis converge and form hip bone.
297. Where is the longest bone found in human 304. Which is the strongest bone of the human
body? body?
(a) Arm (b) Upper arm (a) Ankle (b) Shin bone
(c) Foot (d) Thigh (c) Spinal cord (d) Thigh bone
RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-III) RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. Ans. (d) The strongest bone in the human body is the
298. The longest bone in the body is the: thigh bone(femur).
(a) Spine (b) Humerus 305. What are the bones around the chest called?
(c) Scapula (d) Femur (a) Frontal (b) Femur
RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-I) (c) Ribs (d) Ankle
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
299. Which is the smallest bone of human body? Ans. (c) Ribs are the long curved bones which form the
(a) Hip bone (b) Rib rib cage, part of the axial skeleton.The ribs are the bony
(c) Stirrup (d) Fore arm bone framework of the thoracic cavity that help in protection
RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-I) of it.
306. Which one of the following is not an axial
bone?
(a) Skull (b) Spinal cord
(c) Scapula (b) Rib
RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) The axial skeleton is the part of the skeleton
that consists of the bones of the head,skull,spinal cord
and trunk of a vertebrate.The axial skeleton supports the
head, neck, back, and chest and thus forms the vertical
axis of the body, while scapula is not the axial bone.
307. Spine is also called ……. .
(a) Femur (b) Ribcage
(c) Spinal cord (d) Ribs
RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) The spine is also called the spinal cord.
308. What is the lubricating fluid found between the
two bones at a movable joint called?
(a) Synovial fluid (b) Amniotic fluid
(c) Interstitial fluid (d) Cerebrospinal fluid
RRB NTPC 22.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Synovial fluid also known as joint fluid is a
thick liquid located between two joints. The fluid
cushions the ends of bones and reduces friction when
we move our joints. It is on all of two joints, including
in our knee, shoulders, hips, hands and feet.
309. Where are involuntary muscles located in a
human body?
(a) Limb (b) Brain
(c) Heart (d) Tongue
RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) The involuntary muscles are located in heart
of a human body. On the basis of structure and
function, there are three types of muscle tissue
recognized in vertebrates:
(1) Voluntary muscles: They anchored to bone by
tendons,that is why they are also called Skeletal
muscles. They are used to effect skeletal movement
in activities such as locomotion and maintaining
posture. These muscles are responsible to react to
conscious control of human, so they are known as
voluntary muscles.
(2) Involuntary muscles: Involuntary muscles
include all muscles whose activity is independent
and not affected by voluntary nerve activity.
(3) Cardiac muscles: Cardiac muscles are striated
muscles that is present only in the walls of heart
under involuntary action.
310. ..........connects muscles to bones.
(a) Cartilage (b) Tendon
(c) Areoler (d) Ligaments
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-III)
RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) The tendon serves to connect the muscles to
the bones. The ends of muscles are known as tendon.
Tendon connects the muscles to the bones or cartilage.
These are strong band-like structures of connective
tissue composed of dense collagen fibers, which are
extensions of the Epimysium surrounding the muscle.
There is also no contraction due to lack of flexibility in
tendon.
311. Bone cells are embedded in a hard matrix that
is composed of-
(a) Ca and F (b) Ca and Na
(c) P and Na (d) Ca and P
RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d) Bone cells are embedded in a hard matrix that
is composed of Calcium (Ca) and Phosphorus (P). The
body of all organisms is made up of cell. The living
cells found in bones, are called bone cells.
312. The force generated by the action of muscles, is
called....
(a) Chemical force (b) Physical force
(c) Muscular force (d) Mechanical force
RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) The force generated by the action of muscles is
called muscular force. When we lift an object with our
hands or kick an object with our feet, we apply
muscular force because this force is exerted pressure in
our muscle.
313. Voluntary muscles are contained in the …….. .
(a) Liver (b) Hand
(c) Heart (d) Lung
RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) Voluntary or linear muscles are formed by
multinucleated fibers. This type of muscles found in
the hands, feet, neck etc., while involuntary muscles or
non-linear muscles are found in the iris, testis,
alimentary canal , bladder and heart etc.
314. The………….. make soft the surface of the
bone at the joint.
(a) Cartilage (b) Areolar
(c) Tendon (d) Ligament
RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) The cartilage softens the surface of the bone
at the joint. Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue
found in the human body and other animals. It is made
up of chondrocytes cells, located in our bone marrow.
Ear bone, nose bone, joints of bones etc. are made of
cartilages.
315. Bone cells are embedded in a hard matrix,
which is made of …………. .
(a) Calcium and Phosphorus
(b) Calcium and Platinum
(c) Calcium and Magnesium
(d) Calcium and Potassium
RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) Phosphorus is essential for the formation of
bones and teeth in the human body. It combines with
calcium to form calcium phosphate. Calcium phosphate
is an insoluble salt, which is important for the formation
of bones and teeth. Calcium phosphate is stored in
bones and teeth, which gives them firmness, strength
and stability.
316. Which mineral is essential for bones?
(a) Zinc (b) Iron
(d) Sulphate (d) Calcium
RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) Calcium is essential mineral for bones.
317............muscles are also called skeletal muscles.
(a) Involuntary (b) Linear
(c) Cardiac (d) Voluntary
RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) Voluntary muscles are attached to bones, so
they are also called skeletal muscles. These muscles are
under the control of human conscious, hence they are
also called voluntary muscles. Each muscle cell is
multinucleated. Excessive exercise or work causes
lactic acid to build up, causing fatigue. These muscles
are mainly found in hands, feet, neck, eyes etc.
Voluntary muscles work in the control of the brain or
spinal cord.
318. What is the smallest muscle of human body?
(a) Muscle (b) Stapedius
(c) Tibialis (d) Heart
RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Stapedius is the smallest muscle in the human
body.
319. –––––– connects muscles to bones.
(a) Sebaceous (b) Tendon
(c) Cartilage (d) Muscle
RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) The tendon connects muscles to bones.
Ligament connects bones to bones.
320. The muscles help the heart to pump blood to
all parts of the body, which requires rhythmic
contraction and relaxation.
(a) Tricep (b) Bicep
(c) Cardiac (d) Solace
RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Cardiac muscles help the heart to pump blood
to all parts of the body, requiring rhythmic contraction
and relaxation. Heart muscle is the involuntary muscles
found in the heart walls. This muscle fibers are
branching and monocular. The heart muscle continuous
to contraction and relax with a non-stop, weary rhythm
throughout life, resulting in continuous blood
circulation in the body.
321. ...............is a connective tissue with a minimal
matrix.
(a) Blood (b) Muscle
(c) Bone (d) Plasma
RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) The cells of the connective tissue are less
interconnected and are embedded in the intercellular
adipose. The connective tissue connecting two bones is
called a ligament. This tissue is very flexible and strong.
It has a minimal matrix.
322. Striped muscles fibres are . ... . . . . . :
(a) One nucleus (b) Two nuclei
(b) Many nuclei (d) No nuclei
RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (c) Striped muscles are also called skeletal muscles
because they are attached to vertebral skeletons. Striated
muscle are skeletal muscle cells like muscle fibers. These
are elongated or tubular and they have multiple nuclei
which are located on the periphery of the cell. Striated
muscles bring voluntary contractions that is why hand,
feet and other organ move smoothly.
323. Which of the following hormones makes the
heart beat faster in order to supply more
oxygen to our muscles?
(a) Insulin (b) Animal hormone
(c) Thyroxine (d) Adrenaline
RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (d) Adrenaline is a hormone secreted from the
adrenal gland that secretes when the body is stimulated.
That is why it is also called 'fight and flight' hormone. It
increases the blood flow in our muscles at the time of
crisis and makes the heart beat faster in order to supply
more oxygen to our muscles (due to stimulation).
324. The two bones can be connected to each other
by another connective tissue , is called ………. .
(a) Ligaments (b) Cartilage
(c) Matrix (d) Muscle
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) The ligament is a fibrous connective tissue,
which attaches bone to bone and usually serves to hold
structures together and keep them stable. This tissue is
very elastic. It has considerable strength. It provides a
structural framework to the body.
325. Vibrations inside the ear is amplified by three
bones, namly the ………… in the middle ear.
(a) Hammer, Cochlea and Stirrup
(b) Auditory Bone, Anvil and Stirrup
(c) Hammer, Anvil and Stirrup
(d) Hammer, Anvil and Pinna
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) The vibration inside the ear is amplified by
three bones:
(i) Hammer: Its outer end is connected to the ear
screen and the inner wide end is attached to the
incus. It is similar to a hammer. Its length is 8-
9mm.
(ii) Anvil: Its outer end is attached to the malleus and
the inner end is connected to the stirrup. Due to its
shape like an anvil, it is called an anvil. Its length is
7 mm.
(iii) Stirrup: This bone is like the stirrup of riding
saddle of horse. A hole is found in its middle.
326. Due to the presence of ........ in our ear, which is 333. The knee cap is called as:
a type of connective tissue, the ears can be (a) Fibula (b) Patella
folded - (c) Malus (d) Scapula
(a) Tendon (b) Bone RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-I)
(c) Cartilage (d) Ligament Ans. (b) The knee cap is called as Patella.
RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-II) 334. Which of the following are connected by the
Ans : (c) Cartilage is the flexible connective tissue ligament?
(a) Muscle to bone (b) Bone to bone
found in the human body and other animals. It is made
(c) Skin to muscle (b) Nerve to muscle
up of chondrocytes cells present in our marrow. Ear
RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-II)
bone, nose bone, joints of bones around the spine are
Ans. (b) Bones are connected to the bone by the
made of cartilage. The ears can be folded due to its
ligament.
elasticity.
327. What are the name of the three bones in the (vii) Endocrine System
middle ear?
(a) Femur, hammer, tibia
(b) Hammer, anvil, stirrup 335. Which of the following glands produces insulin
hormone?
(c) Humerus, clavicle, stearup
(a) Adrenal (b) Thymus
(d) Radius, ulna, hammer
(c) Parathyroid (d) Pancreas
RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-II)
RRB NTPC 31.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) The names of the three bones present in the
middle ear are hammer, anvil, stirrup. Ans.(d) Insulin is a hormone which is made by beta
cells in our pancreas, which allows glucose to enter the
328. The part of the muscle which shortens to create body’s cells to provide energy.
contraction is the:
336. What is the function of insulin in the human
(a) Myosin (b) Fasciculli
body?
(c) Epimysium (d) Actin
(a) It regulates how the body uses and stores
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-I) glucose and fat.
Ans. (d) The part of the muscle that shrinks to (b) It supplies filtered blood to the heart
produce contraction is called actin. (c) It supplies oxygen to the lungs.
329. Where are biceps muscles located in the human (d) It regulates the flow of blood.
body? RRB NTPC 22.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
(a) Arm (b) Stomach RRB NTPC 22.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
(c) Hip (d) Thigh
Ans.(a) Insulin is an essential hormone produced by the
RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I) pancreas. Its main role is to control glucose levels in our
Ans. (a) The biceps muscles are located in the arm in the bodies.
human body. 337. Which element is essential for the synthesis of
330. What are myosin and actin? thyroxine?
(a) Muscular protein (a) Manganese (b) Iodine
(b) Muscular carbohydrate (c) Iron (d) Zinc
(c) Muscular fat RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-II)
(d) Muscular enzymes RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-III)
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC 01.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Myosin and actin are musclar proteins. Ans. (b) Thyroxine is neutral chemical compound.
331. Sarcolemma is the membrane that covers: Kidney and liver alongwith their mutual action,
(a) Spinal cord (b) Nerve fibers converts it into an active compound known as Tri-
(c) Muscle fibers (b) Visceral fibers iodothyronine. Micro nutrients like Iodine and Selenium
RRB JE 27.06.2019 (Shift-I) are responsible for the synthesis of Thyroxine.
Ans. (c) Sarcolemma is the membrane and covers the 338. Iodine is essential for the synthesis of ______.
muscle fibers. (a) Oestrogen (b) Insulin
332. Which of the following is not a bone in the (c) Cytokinin (d) Thyroxine
human body? RRB NTPC 13.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
(a) Stirrup (b) Hammer Ans.(d) See the explanation of the above question.
(c) Anvil (d) Axe 339. Which part of the male human body is called
RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-III) 'Adam's Apple’?
Ans. (d) Axe is not a bone found in the human body (a) Palate (b) Lungs
while Stirrup, Hammer and Anvil bones are found in (c) Tongue (d) Larynx
human ear. RRB NTPC 19.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Adam’s apple, also known as the laryngeal 345. ............. is not an endocrine glands in humans.
prominence, is the cartilage that wraps around the front (a) The pineal gland
of larynx or voice box. (b) The adrenal gland
340. Which hormone is released from the testes? (c) The pituitary gland
(a) Testosterone (b) Thyroxine (d) The liver
(c) Insulin (d) Estrogen RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-III)
RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-III) Ans. (d) Thomas Addison is known as the 'Father of
Ans : (a) Endocrine System'. The study of endocrine system is
Hormone Secretion called endocrinology. Pineal, adrenal, pituitary glands
1. Testosterone - Testis (a pair of testes are are endocrine glands. The liver is a digestive gland. It is
found in men) the largest gland of the body that acts as endocrine and
2. Thyroxine - Thyroid gland (trachea T4) exocrine gland.
3. Insulin - Pancreas (beta cell) 346. What does the Adrenal gland secretes?
4. Estrogen - Graafian follicle (a) Thyroxine (b) estrogen
341. Which hormone protects the body glucose from (c) Cortisol (d) THS
going too low? RPF SI 24.12.2018 (Shift - I)
(a) Oxytocin (b) Glucagon Ans. (c) : The key hormones produced by the adrenal
(c) Vasopressin (d) Insulin gland includes–
RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I) Cortisol, Aldosterone, DHEA, Adrenaline, etc.
Ans. (b) Glucagon is a peptide hormone secreted 347. Secretion of insulin hormone is caused by
from the alpha cells of the pancreatic islets of ………….
Langerhans. It protects the body glucose from going (a) Thyroid gland (b) Pituitary
too low. (c) Adrenal (d) Pancreas
342. What is the most important function of RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Red Paper)
sweating? Ans. (d) Insulin is an endocrine hormone secreted by
(a) To regulate body temperature. the pancreas.. Beta cells produce insulin which is
(b) To get rid of body waste material. responsible for reducing blood glucose levels and
(c) To regulate the supply of water in the body. increasing protein formation. Alpha cells that produce
(d) To lubricate epithelial tissue. glucagon help to increase glucose levels in the blood.
RRB JE 27.06.2019 (Shift-I) Delta cells produces somatostatin, which maintains a
Ans. (a) The most important function of sweating is to balance between the release of insulin and glucagon.
regulate body temperature. Thyroid gland - The thyroid is an endocrine gland in
the throat. The thyroid gland releases thyroid hormones,
343. Human growth hormone is secreted by which which mainly affect metabolic rate and protein
gland?
synthesis.
(a) Posterior lobe of pituitary gland Adrenal gland - The adrenal gland is an endocrine
(b) Anterior lobe of pituitary gland gland found in vertebrates. It is situated above the
(c) Thyroid gland kidney.
(d) Pancreas Pituitary gland - Pituitary gland is an endocrine gland,
RRB NTPC 19.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist that is pea - shaped and weighs 0.5 gm. (0.02 oz). It is
Ans.(b) Pituitary gland is an endocrine gland, which a protrusion off the bottom of the hypothalamus at the
secretes pituitary hormones. It is divided into two parts base of the brain.
adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis. 348. Which part of the human body consists sweat
Adenohypophysis is composed of pars distalis and pars glands?
intermedia. The pars distalis is also known as the (a) Kidney (b) Liver
anterior pituitary gland which secrets growth hormone (c) Pancreas (d) Skin
and hormones like somatotropin, prolactin etc. RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
344. Which of the following pigments is mainly Ans. (d) : Sweat glands are present in the skin of
responsible for the colour of our hair, skin and human body. Sweat is released from the sweat glands
eyes? found in the skin. These are called eccrine sweat gland.
(a) Myoglobin (b) Chlorophyll Sweat contains 99% water and a small amount of salt,
(c) Melanin (d) Xanthophyll protein and urea.
RRB NTPC 24.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
349. The endocrine glands are also called ––––––.
Ans. (c) : Melanin is a natural skin pigment. Hair, Skin, (a) Pituitary gland (b) Ductless gland
and Eye color in people and animals mostly depends on (c) Thyroid gland (d) Liver gland
the type and amount of melanin they have. RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) The endocrine glands do not have ducts, so Ans : (a) Oversecretion of thyroid hormones
they are called ductless glands. Endocrine glands and (hyperthyroidism) causes Graves disease which is
hormone-secreting cells located in different parts of the characterized by formation of exophthalmic goitre.
human body, form the endocrine system. The pituitary Weight loss, eyes bulging from eye sockets,growth in
gland, pineal gland, thyroid, adrenal, pancreatic, thyroid gland and basic metabolic rate etc are
characterstics of exophthalmic goitre. It is known as
parathyroid, thymus and reproductive glands are the
Graves disease .
well-organized endocrine organs of our body.
356. Which of the following hormones is not
350. In which part of the body is the thyroid gland
secreted by the pituitary gland?
located? (a) Thyroid stimulating hormone
(a) Chest (b) Head
(b) Prolactin
(c) Throat (d) Abdomen
(c) Vasopressin
RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-III)
(d) Somatostatin
Ans. (c) The thyroid gland is located to the front of the RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-I)
neck just below the larynx.
Ans : (d) A part in the pancreas is called the ‘Islets of
351. What disease is treated by insulin? Langerhans’. A hormone called ‘somatostatin’ is
(a) Cancer (b) Tuberculosis (TB) released from the delta cell of the Islets of Langerhans.
(c) Anemia (d) Diabetes Insulin acts to determine blood sugar levels. Low
RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-IV) secretion of insulin results Diabetes . This hormone is
Ans. (d) Diabetes is treated by insulin. not secreted by the pituitary gland.
352. Which of the following chemical substance is 357. Which human organ contains the 'Islets of
secreted by the pancreas? Langerhans'?
(a) Protein (b) Insulin (a) Brain (b) Gall bladder
(c) Vitamin C (d) Fatty acid (c) Liver (d) Pancreas
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-II) RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) The pancreatic islet cell include alpha cells, Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
which produce glucagon ; beta cells, which produce 358. Which among the following is not digestive
insulin; delta cells, which produce somatostatin; and PP enzyme?
cells, which produce pancreatic polypeptide. (a) Proteus (Protease)
353. Where is insulin produced in the human body? (b) Amylase
(a) Liver (b) Spleen (c) Lipase
(c) Pancreas (d) Bile duct (d) Superoxide dismutase
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. Ans : (d) Proteases, amylases and lipases are digestive
enzymes, while superoxide dismutase is an enzyme that
354. Match the following in the correct order: helps break down potentially harmful oxygen molecules
Hormone Secretory gland in cells.
(P) Hormones of Colip a. Adrenal gland 359. Which acid is secreted by certain glandular
(Q) Aldosterone b. Pineal gland cells of the stomach lining?
(R) Prolactin c. Parathyroid (a) Hydrochloric (b) Ethanoic
gland (c) Formic (d) Nitric
(S) Melatonin d. Pituitary gland RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-II)
(a) P-a, Q-b, R-c, S-d (b) P-b, Q-d, R-c, S-a
Ans : (a) Certain glandular cells in the stomach lining
(c) P-c, Q-a, R-d, S-b (d) P-d, Q-c, R-b, S-a secrete hydrochloric acid. The digestive glands that are
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-II) present in the wall of the alimentary canal are called
Ans : (c)Hormones Secretory glands internal digestive glands. It consists all mucous glands,
Hormones of Collip : Parathyroid gland intestinal glands and Brunner's glands, predominantly
Aldosterone : Adrenal gland located in the duodenal submucosa. Formic acid is
Prolactin : Pituitary gland found in ants. Nitric acid is corrosive acid.
Melatonin : Pineal gland 360. Which organ is not a gland?
355. Graves (Exophthalmic Goitre) disease is (a) Adrenal (b) Liver
caused by over-secretion of .............. due to (c) Pituitary (d) Gall bladder
increase in thyroid. RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
(a) Thyroid hormone (b) Parathormone Ans : (d) Adrenal, liver and pituitary gland are three
(c) Aldosterone (d) Testosterone endocrine glands whereas the gall bladder is a bile
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-I) collecting organ.
361. Our skin becomes dark as soon as it is exposed
to sunlight, this occurs due to presence of :
(a) Carotyl (b) Oxylophyte
(c) Melanin (d) Flavoxanthine
RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) Our skin becomes dark as soon as it is
exposed to sunlight, this occurs due to presence of
melanin. In animals, melanin is made from an amino
acid called tyrosine. The most commonly found form of
melanin in organisms is called eumelanin and is dark
brown colour. In humans, this pigment gives colour to
skin and eye. 99.9% of the ultraviolet radiation that falls
on our body is prevented by melanin.
362. Human hypothalamus gland is ……………….
(a) just below the abdomen
(b) in the lower part of the neck
(c) present in the brain
(d) attached to the windpipe
RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-I) Stage IInd
Ans. (c) The hypothalamus is the gland present in the
brain, which connects the nervous system with the
endocrine system through the pituitary gland. It regulates
body temperature, food, water balance etc. associated
with visceral and other physical activities.
363. The gland of human body that secretes both
enzymes and hormones:
(a) Liver
(b) Pancreatic / digestive gland
(c) Salivary gland
(d) Pituitary gland
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) Pancreatic gland of human body that secretes
both enzymes and hormones. Pancreatic juice is
secreted by pancreatic cells. It contains 98% water and
the remaining 2% contains salts and enzymes. It is an
alkaline fluid. Pancreatic juice contains three types of
digestive juices, also called absolute digestive juices,
the main five enzymes being trypsin, amylase,
carboxypeptidase, lipase and maltase.
364. Where are the Islets of Langerhans found in
the human body?
(a) Small intestine (b) Pancreas
(c) Stomach (d) Heart
RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Islets of Langerhans are found in the
pancreas in the human body. Langerhans was
discovered by a medical practitioner named
Langerhans. Its alpha-cell emits glucagon, beta-cell
form insulin and gamma-cell release somatostatin.
Increase in blood sugar levels is called Diabetes.
365. In the human body, the pancreas is a part
of……..:
(a) Excretory system (b) Respiratory system
(c) Digestive system (d) Nervous system
RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) The pancreas is a part of the digestive system
in the human body. It is the second largest gland of the
human body. Its main feature is that it acts as endocrine
and exocrine gland. It is located in the 'U' shaped part of
the small intestine.
366. Which of the following is responsible for
dwarfism in humans?
(a) Thyroxine (b) Pituitary
(c) Adrenaline (d) Pancreas
RRB NTPC 18.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Dwarfism is caused by problems arising from
the pituitary gland or Growth Hormone Dificiency
(GHD). The pea-sized pituitary gland is located at the
base of brain. It makes hormones that control many
functions in body.
367. Which among the following hormones is not
secreted by the thyroid gland?
(a) Thyroxine (b) Calcitonin
(c) Triiodothyronine (d) Thymosin
RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) The thymus gland plays significant role in the
development of the immune system. This gland secretes
a peptide hormone called thymosin. Synthesis of
thyroxine or T4, triiodothyronine or T3 and
Thyrocalcitonin hormones is accomplished by the
thyroid gland.
368. Which gland is active only till puberty?
(a) Pineal (b) Thymus
(c) Pituitary (d) Hypothalamus
RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) The thymus gland, located behind sternum
and between lungs, is only active till puberty. After
puberty, the thymus starts to slowly shrink and
become replaced by fat. Thymosin is the hormone of
the thymus, and it stimulates the development of
disease-fighting T cells..
369. What is full name of A.D.H.?
(a) Anti-diuretic hormone
(b) Acidic diuretic hormone
(c) Adhesive diuretic hormone
(d) Adhesive double hormone
RRB NTPC 10.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) The full form of ADH is antidiuretic hormone.
It is released by the posterior part of the pituitary gland
and also known as vasopressin. It mainly increases the
permeability of distal convoluted tubule (DCT) and
collecting duct (CD) due to which reabsorption of water
increases and maintains osmoregulation in human
kidney.
370. Hydrochloric acid secreted by gastric glands,
eases the action of enzyme............
(a) Pepsin (b) Amylase
(c) Lipase (d) Trypsin
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) Digestive functions are accomplished by
gastric glands present in the wall of the stomach. They
secrete hydrochloric acid, a protein digestive enzyme,
pepsin and mucus. Hydrochloric acid forms an acidic
medium which is helpful in the action of the pepsin
enzyme. The stomach food is acidic and is made
alkaline for the action of pancreatic enzymes. The
pancreas secrete pancreatic juice which contains the
trypsin enzyme for digestion of proteins.
371. ............. is an enzyme found in gastric juice.
(a) Amylase (b) Pepsin
(c) Trypsin (d) Ptyalin
RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
372. Pepsin is an enzyme secreted in ............
(a) Liver (b) Stomach
(c) Mouth (d) Kidney
RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
373. …….. brings about the changes in appearance
seen in boys at the time of puberty.
(a) Animal hormone (b) Thyroxine
(c) Testosterone (d) Insulin
RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) Testosterone is a male sex hormone that is
important for sexual and reproductive development.
The production of testosterone in men is mainly in the
testes. The hypothalamus and pituitary gland of the
brain regulate testosterone production. Due to
testosterone secretion, changes are seen in appearence
of boys only during puberty, such as voice becomes
heavy, enlargement of the testicles and sprouting of
pubic hair etc.
374. During puberty, secretion of sweat glands and
sebaceous glands increases. Which element get
secreted during this time through these
glands?
(a) Sweat and oil (b) Sweat and salt
(c) Oil and water (d) Water and minerals
RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) During puberty, the secretion increases in the
sweat glands and adipose glands, then sweat and oil
secrete at that time. Sweat glands are a type of exocrine
gland, which are glands that produce and secrete
substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a duct.
Its coiled part releases sweat. Sebaceous glands are
usually attached to hair follicles and release a fatty
substance, sebum, into the follicular duct and thence to
the surface of the skin.
375. Oestrogen, the female hormone, is secreted by
the …….in females.
(a) Oviduct (b) Uterus
(c) Cervix (d) Ovary
RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) Estrogen is important for reproductive and
sexual development in women, hence it is also called
the female sex hormone.Estrogen plays significant role
in the physiological changes of women and that is why,
it is also called female growth hormone.
Following changes are observed in women due to
estrogen -
• Development of breast in girls
• Starting of menstrual cycle or period
• Pubic hair growth in the genitals.
The production of estrogen hormone in the body of
women is mainly in the ovaries as well as by the adrenal
gland and to some extent by the fetus and placenta.
376. ...........is not an enzyme.
(a) Insulin (b) Pepsin
(c) Amylase (d) Lipase
RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) Insulin is the hormone, form in the beta cells
of the pancreatic gland that stimulates the accumulation
of glucose in the liver as glycogen and controls the
proper usage of glucose by tissue cells.
377. Which among the following micronutrients is
essential for the normal functioning of the
thyroid gland?
(a) Iodine (b) Potassium
(c) Iron (d) Calcium
RRB NTPC 07.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(a) Iodine is an essential micronutrient used by the
thyroid gland to make thyroid hormones that control
many functions in the body including growth and
development. Because our body does not produce
iodine, it needs to be supplied in the diet. When iodine
intake is poor, the body cannot produce enough thyroid
hormones. Deficiency of iodine can cause endemic
goitre, hypothyroidism, cretinism, decreased fertility
rate, increased infant mortality, and mental retardation.
378. Rise in sugar level in blood is detected by the
cells of:
(a) Kidney (b) Pancreas
(c) Gall bladder (d) Liver
RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) The pancreas is a mixed gland. The pancreas
has specific type of cells, called the Islets of
Langerhans. They were discovered by Langerhans in
1869 AD. These cells are of three types: (a) Alpha (b)
Beta and (c) Gamma cells, in which beta cells are of
large size, secrete insulin hormone that regulates blood
sugar levels.
379. Which hormone regulates the blood sugar level
in the body?
(a) Thyroid (b) Adrenaline
(c) Insulin (d) Testosterone
RRB NTPC 01.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Pancreas is a composite gland which acts as
both exocrine and endocrine gland. The endocrine
pancreas consists of 'Islets of Langerhans'. The two
main types of cells in the Islet of Langerhans are called
α-cells and β-cells. The α-cells secrete a hormone
called glucagon, while the β-cells secrete insulin. Both
hormones work in balance to play a vital role in
regulating blood sugar levels. If the level of one
hormone is higher or lower than the ideal range, blood
sugar levels may spike or drop.
380. What does insulin regulate?
(a) Reproduction
(b) Heart beat
(c) Physical growth
(d) Blood sugar level
RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
381. Which of these hormones regulates human
blood sugar levels?
(a) Estrogen (b) Insulin
(c) Parathormone (d) Testosterone
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-IV)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
382. Which of following is NOT an endocrine gland?
(a) Pineal (b) Thyroid
(c) Adrenal (d) Salivary
RRB NTPC 27.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Endocrine glands are the glands which not
have a duct and secrete the contents directly in the
blood stream. Pancreas, Adrenal and Thyroid gland are
the examples of the endocrine glands. Salivary gland is
an exocrine gland. The gland contains many lobules
which pour the saliva in the common salivary duct.The
salivary duct empties saliva in the mouth.
383. Secretion from Prostate gland enters into ……
(a) Testis (b) Urethra
(c) Ureter (d) Renal
RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) Prostate is a small gland found only in men
that located between the penis and the bladder.
Secretion from the prostate gland enters into urethra.
384. The release of which hormone causes
simultaneous increase in heartbeat and
breathing rate?
(a) Adrenaline (b) Serotonin
(c) Estrogen (d) Thyroxine
RRB NTPC 31.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(a) The release of Adrenaline hormone causes
simultaneous increase in heartbeat and breathing rate.
Adrenaline is normally produced both by the adrenal
glands and by a small number of neurons in the medulla
oblongata.
385. Which hormone is released from the testis?
(a) Insulin (b) Adrenaline
(c) thyroxine (d) Testosterone
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) Testosterone is the hormone secreted by the
testes. Testosterone is the steroid hormone of the
androgen group that secretes from testicles of men. It
helps in the development of sexual characterstics in
men.
386. Testosterone, a male sex hormone, is
synthesized in
(a) Scrotum (b) Testes
(c) Seminal vesicle (d) Prostate gland
RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
387. .............. gland is also known as master gland.
(a) Pancreas (b) Hypothalamus
(c) Pituitary (d) Adrenal
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) The pituitary gland is an endocrine gland
located in the sphenoid bone of the cranium. It is called
sella turcica. Its weight is about 0.6 grams. It is also
known as the master gland. Hypothalamus is known as
the'master of master gland'.
388. Where is the pituitary gland located in the
human body?
(a) Near the spleen
(b) At the base of the brain
(c) On the top of the kidneys
(d) In the intestine
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
389. Pituitary gland, one of the most important
glands of our body, is located:
(a) Inside the chest.
(b) Inside the stomach.
(c) Inside the skull.
(d) Near the lower end of the backbone.
RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question.
390. Which of these hormones stimulates uterine
contractions and dilation of the cervix?
(a) Thyroxine (b) ADH
(c) Oxytocin (d) Progesterone
RRB NTPC 27.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Oxytocin plays a key role in uterine contraction.
Often called the 'love hormone', oxytocin is associated
with feelings of bonding and motherhood. The another
hormone released during labour called 'prolactin'. It helps
us feel good, and it triggers nurturing feelings and
behaviors. Receptor cells allow body to respond to
oxytocin increase gradually in pregnancy and then increase
a lot during labour. Oxytocin stimulates powerful
contractions that help to thin and open (dilate) the cervix,
moves the body down and out of the birth canal, pushes
out the placenta, and limits bleeding at the site of the
placenta.
391. Which of the following glands is an endocrine
gland in the human body?
(a) Pituitary (b) Salivary
(c) Sweat (d) Prostate
RRB NTPC 26.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(a) Pituitary gland is an endocrine gland. It is also
called master gland. In endocrine glands ducts are not
found so they are also called ductless glands. They
release hormones directly into the blood, such as
thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, testicular gland etc.
392. Which of the following hormones stimulates
milk production after childbirth?
(a) Estrogen (b) Prolactin
(c) Androgen (c) Progestin
RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I)
 Ans. (b) Prolactin hormone stimulates the process of
milk production after childbirth.
393. Which hormone is released during emergency
situtation?
(a) Corticotropin (b) Adrenaline
(c) Norepinephrine (d) Cortisol
RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Adrenaline hormone is released during
emergency situation.
394. What is the basic function of estrogen?
(a) To balance the mood
(b) To regulate the menstrual cycle
(c) To develop male reproductive tissues
(d) To maintain a pregnancy
RRB NTPC 24.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) The primary function of estrogens is
development of female secondary sexual characteristics.
These include breasts, endometrium, regulation of the
menstrual cycle etc. Estrogens are present in significant
amounts in both men and women. They are present in
significantly higher amounts in women. In males
estrogen helps in maturation of the sperm and
maintenance of a healthy libido.
395. Which hormone promotes RBC production in
bone marrow?
(a) Serotonin (b) Somatostatin
(c) Erythropoietin (d) Cholecystokinine
RRB JE 01.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) Erythropoietin hormone promotes RBC
production in bone marrow.
396. Hormones are normally absent in:
(a) Monkeys (b) Cats
(d) Bacteria (d) Rats
RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) Hormones are normally absent in bacteria.
397. Bile secreted by the liver helps in :
(a) Digestion (b) Purificaton of blood
(c) Excretion (d) Respiration
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) Bile is secreted by the liver which helps in
digestion.
398. The _____ gland, which hangs by a thin stalk
from the hypothalamus, is called the master
gland of the human body.
(a) Thyroid (b) Adrenal
(c) Pituitary (d) Pancreas
RRB NTPC 16.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) The pituitary gland, also known as the
hypophysis, is a pea-sized endocrine gland situated at
the base of our brain. It is often referred to as the
'Master Gland' because it controls the functions of many
other endocrine glands. The pituitary gland is divided
into three parts, also called lobes:
• Anterior pituitary
• Intermediate pituitary
• Posterior pituitary
399. Pheromone, released by an animal:
(a) Affects the behavior of animals of the same
species.
(b) Protects from predators.
(c) Attracts prey for its food
(d) None of the above
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans. (a) Pheromone is an excretory chemical factor that
triggers a social response in members of the same
species. Pheromones are chemicals capable of acting
like hormones outside the body of the secreting
individual, to impact the behavior of the receiving
individuals.
(viii) Reproductive System
400. Fertilization in human beings take place in –––
(a) Fallopian tube (b) Ovary
(c) Vagina (d) Uterus
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-II)
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-I)
RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) In normal pregnancy, the fetus develops in the
uterus. The woman body has ovaries on both sides of
the uterus which are connected to the uterus by
fallopian tube. The process of fertilization occurs in
fallopian tube.
401. Where does the process of fertilization takes
place in the human body?
(a) Vagina (b) Ovary
(c) Fallopian tube (d) Uterus
RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) See the explanation of above question.
402. Which of the following is main women sex
hormone?
(a) Chromatin (b) Nucleosome
(c) Estrogen (d) Testosterone
RRB NTPC 25.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) Estrogen is the main women sex hormones. It
helps develop and maintain both the reproductive system
and female characteristics such as breasts and pubic hair.
The woman's ovaries make most estrogen hormones, Men
have estrogen, too, but in smaller amounts.
403. ………. forms a common passage for both
urine and sperms in human males.
(a) Oviduct (b) Ureter
(c) Urethra (d) Vas deferens
RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans : (c) Urethra forms a common passage for both
urine and sperms in human males. Male urethra is long
about 20 cm which starts from the urinary meatus or
external urethral orifice and opens out through the
urogenital cavity at end of penis. In females, the urethra
helps in the discharge of urine from the urinary bladder.
The urinary tract connects to the urinary muscle above
the vulva, while the urethra of the female empties into
the urogenital sinus.
404. Identify the part of the male reproductive Ans : (c) Differences in asexual and sexual
system that forms a common passage for both reproduction:
sperm and urine. Asexual reproduction Sexual reproduction
(a) Uterus (b) Vas deferens
(c) Scrotum (d) Urethra 1. Single organism 1. Two organisms, male
RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-II) participates in it. and female,
Ans : (d) See the explanation of above question. participate in it.
405. A motile germ cell is called a/an- 2. Diversity is not found 2. Diversity is found in
(a) Gamete (b) Male gamete in the organisms the organisms
(c) Female gamete (d) Isogamete produced by this produced by this
RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-III) process. process.
Ans. (b) An embryonic cell that has the ability to 3. The gamete is not 3. Male and female
develop gametes is called a germ cell. It is of two types formed. gametes are formed
in humans - 4. There is complete 4. In this, only the
1. Spermatogonia (Male germ cell) - This causes the similarity present parents and the
formation of motile cell ‘sperm’. between parent and offspring are to be
2. Oogonia (Female germ cell) - This produces non- child. genetically identical,
motile cell ‘egg’. while physical
406. If...............is involved, even greater diversity variations occur.
will be generated. 410. Syngamy is defined as:
(a) Sexual reproduction (a) The fission of one egg.
(b) Binary fission
(c) Vegetative propagation (b) The fission of one sperm.
(d) Asexual reproduction (c) The fusion of one of the sperm with an egg.
RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-II) (d) The fusion of one of the sperm with a
Ans : (a): Greater diversity in species can be synergid.
generated only through the sexual reproduction because RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-II)
two different individuals take part in it and provide Ans. (c) The process of fusion between the haploid
genetic matter. male nucleus and egg nucleus is known as amphimixis.
407. What of the following is primary sex organ in It is also known as syngamy or fertilization which leads
man? to the formation of a diploid zygote. It leads to the
(a) Prostate (b) Testis recombination of character which causes variation. It is
(c) Vas deferens (d) Seminal vesicles a mode of sexual reproduction.
RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-II) 411. A baby receives its nutrition in the mother's
Ans. (b) The pair of testis (testicles) is the primary sex womb through the .......... .
organ in man. The male reproductive system includes (a) Fallopian tube (b) Uterus
the penis, scrotum, epididymis, vas deferens, prostate, (c) Hormones (d) Placenta
cowper's gland and seminal vesicles.
RRB NTPC 25.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
408. How many testicles does a male have?
(a) Two (b) One Ans. (d) Placenta is a temporary organ that connects a
(c) Three (d) Eight growing baby to mother's uterus in womb. It attaches to
RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-I) the wall of mother's uterus, usually on the top or side
and acts as a lifeline that gives nutrients and oxygen to
Ans : (a) The testes are oval organs about the size of
very large olives that lie in the scrotum, secured at baby through the umbilical cord.
either end by a structure called the spermatic cord. Most 412. Which part of the female reproductive system
men have two testes. The testes are responsible for prepares itself every month to receive and
making testosterone, the primary male sex hormone, nurture the growing child?
and for producing sperm. Within the testes are coiled (a) Cervix (b) Uterus
masses of tubes called seminiferous tubules. These (c) Vagina (d) Ovary
tubules are responsible for producing the sperm cells RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-III)
through a process called spermatogenesis. Ans. (b) The uterus is the female reproductive part that
409. Asexual reproduction differs from sexual prepares itself every month to receive the male germ
reproduction in that in asexual reproduction, cell and nurture a growing child by menstruation.
(a) The gametes are produced in reproduction. Uterus, an inverted pear-shaped muscular organ of the
(b) The offsprings show variations. female reproductive system, located between the
(c) The new organisms are genetically identical bladder and the rectum.Its lowest section, the cervix,
to parent. opens into the vagina.The inner linings of the uterus
(d) The nuclei of gametes fuse. thicken, and a plentiful supply of blood is flown to
RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-I) nourish the embryo.
413. Implantation is the process of:
(a) The development of a child inside the
mother's body.
(b) Attachment of zygote to the lining of uterus.
(c) Nutrition from mother's blood through
placenta.
(d) Developing an embryo and its nourishment.
RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans : (b) Implantation is defined as the process by
which the embryo attaches to the endometrial surface of
the uterus and invades the epithelium and then the
maternal circulation to form the placenta.
414. Prostate gland is present below:
(a) Bladder (b) Kidney
(c) Scrotum (d) Penis
RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (a) The prostate is a walnut-sized gland located
between the bladder and the penis. It is important for
reproduction, because it supplies the seminal fluid,
which mixes with sperm from the testes. It is rich in
fructose (source of energy), citrate, prostaglandins, calcium
and certain enzymes. Seminal fluid along with the sperms
is called semen or seminal fluid. It also maintains the
viability and motility of sperms as it provides proper pH
(approximately pH 7.5) and ionic strength.
415. In human body,prostate is a………… .
(a) Connective tissue (b) Gland
(c) Membrane (d) Muscle
RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question.
416. The embryo gets nutrition from the mother's
blood with the help of a special tissue called:
(a) Uterus (b) Placenta
(c) Cervix (d) Fallopian tubes
RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (b) The embryo gets nutrition from the mother’s
blood with the help of a special tissue called placenta.
During pregnancy, the placenta develops in the uterus
that has main function to provide oxygen and nutrition
to the unborn child. This nutrition is obtained from the
mother's blood.
(a) The placenta itself stimulates the development of
the baby.
(b) The placenta helps in the formation of lactogen in
the body.
(c) The placenta connects the mother and child.
417. Which part of the human reproductive system
helps the embryo to get its nutrition from the
mother's blood?
(a) Placenta (b) Fallopian tube
(c) Uterus (d) Cervix
RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
418. The egg is carried from the ovary to the womb
through:
(a) Cervix (b) Vas deferens
(c) Oviduct (d) Uterus
RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans. (c) As a result of ovulation from the graafian
follicle of the ovary, the oocytes into the fallopian tube.
The wave motion of the fallopian tube wall and the cilia
of mucosa pull oocytes down into the tube. In human
(woman), the process of fertilization occurs in the upper
1/3 part of the ovarian duct.
419. Name the organ where the embryo develops:
(a) Uterus (b) Fallopian tube
(c) Ureter (d) Cervix
RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans. (a) The organ, where the embryo develops is
called the uterus. The uterus is an organ of the female
reproductive system, which is responsible for many
reproductive functions including menstruation,
conception and delivery etc. The uterus, also commonly
known as the womb, is a hollow muscular organ of the
female reproductive system that is responsible for the
development of the embryo and fetus during pregnancy.
420. Testis are located outside the abdominal cavity
in the ……….. .
(a) Urinary Bladder (b) Ovary
(c) Vagina (d) Scrotum
RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (d) The testes are located outside of the
abdominal cavity in the scrotum. The testes are also
called reproductive glands of the male, they produce
sperm. Sperm formation requires a lower temperature
than the normal body temperature that is why testes are
located in scrotum outside the abdominal cavity, while
the temperature in the abdominal cavity is relatively
high.
421. Fertilization results in the formation of a/an :
(a) Ovary (b) Germ cell
(c) Gamete (d) Zygote
RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans : (d) Fertilization results in the formation of a
zygote. Fertilization is the process in which haploid
gametes fuse to form a diploid cell called a zygote.
Fertilization is the process of formation of zygotes by
insertion of male gametes (sperm) and female gametes
(ovum). Internal fertilization occurs in human. In
human, fertilization takes place in fallopian tube of the
female.
422. Which of the following is a reproductive cell?
(a) Gamete (b) WBC
(c) RBC (d) Lymphocyte
RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) The gamete is a reproductive cell.
423. What marks the onset of puberty in females?
(a) Menopause (b) Adolescence
(c) Menarche (d) Menstruation
RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans : (d) The reproductive cycle in the female primates
(monkey, apes and human) is called menstrual cycle or
menstruation. Menarche defines the onset of
menstruation, which is a normal physiological process
that occurs at regular monthly intervals in females. This
menstrual cycle is repeated after a period of 28/29 days.
That is why, the regular interval from one menstrual
cycle to another is called menstrual cycle. Ovulation
typically happens around day 14 i.e mid of a 28-day
menstrual cycle.
424. What is the process of production of ovum in
females called ?
(a) Oogenesis (b) Menarche
(c) Adolescence (d) Menstruation
RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans. (a) The process of production of ovum in females
is called oogenesis. In females, the process of
fertilization occurs in the fallopian tube. The haploid
male sperm gets fuse with the haploid female ovum in
fallopian tube and form a diploid structure called the
zygote. It contains half of the genes of male and female
parent.
425. A newborn baby is fed with the first secretion
called colostrum from the mammary
gland.What does colostrum impart?
(a) Factors for growth
(b) Immunity
(c) Sleepiness
(d) Nutrition for development
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) The first secretion from the mammary gland
of a human that fed to newborn, is called colostrum.
Colostrum imparts immunity. Colostrum is a form of
milk produced by the mammals. Colostrum contains
various types of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, minerals
and antibodies.
426. Birth control pills contain :
(a) Progesterone only
(b) Estrogen only
(c) Mixture of progesterone and estrogen
derivatives
(d) Neither progesterone nor estrogen
RRB NTPC 11.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) Birth control pills contain mixture of
progesterone and estrogen derivatives. The birth control
pills are the derivatives of estrogen and progesterone.
These pills are still the safest and recognized worldwide
for unwanted pregnancy and family planning.Estrogen
and progesterone are the female hormones that are
associated with ovulation and menstruation in females
while Testosterone is a hormone that is responsible for
many of the physical characteristics specific to adult
males.
427. Being started maturation of reproductive
tissues, body growth generally decreases. This
state of adolescence is called –––––––.
(a) Independence (b) Maturity
(c) Puberty (d) Menstruation
RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) When the body undergoes changes, leading to
reproductive maturity, generally body growth decreases.
This state of adolescence is called puberty. Puberty is a
period of psychosocial and social changes between
adolescence and adulthood.
428. The tissue that provides nourishment to the
embryo in the uterus is-
(a) Villi (b) Oviduct
(c) Fallopian tube (d) Placenta
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) Placenta is the tissue that provides nutrition to
the embryo in the uterus. It acts as an intermediary
between the infant and the mother.
429. ––––– is the name of the age during which the
reproductive organs of human males and
females become functional, the gonads start
producing gametes and sex hormones, and
become mature towards human sex.
(a) Sexual reproduction
(b) Gametes
(c) Parthenogenesis
(d) Adolescence
RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) Adolescence is the name of the age during
which the reproductive organs of human males and
females become functional, the gonads start producing
gametes and sex hormones, and become sexually
mature . The period of life, when the body undergoes
changes, leading to reproductive maturity, is called
adolescence. Adolescence begins around the age of 11
and lasts upto 18 or 19 years of age.
430. Which process of fusion sperm and ova results
in the formation of a single structure called
zygote?
(a) Fragmentation
(b) Fertilization
(c) Tissue culture
(b) Sexual reproduction
RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Fertilization is the process of fusion sperm and
ova results in the formation of a single structure called
zygote. The gamete is an eukaryotic type germ cell
which is formed as a result of mitosis cell division in
the process of gametes production. The reproductive
cell of males is called sperm and the reproductive cell of
females is called as ova.
431. Sperms are produced in ––––.
(a) Ureter (b) Testis
(c) Prostate gland (d) Scrotum
RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-I)
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) The organs producing the reproductive cells Ans : (b) In mammals, sperm cells are produced in the
and carrying them to the place of fertilization, seminiferous tubules of each testis. These sperm cells
collectively form the male reproductive system. Sperm leave the testes and pass into a larger coiled tube known
are produced in the testis. They are located in the as the epididymis. The sperm cells attain maturity in the
testicles within a system of tiny tubes called the epididymis. The sperm cells are stored in this structure
seminiferous tubules, outside the abdominal cavity. The till they are ejaculated. Here, they live for about 30
reason for this is that the heat required for sperm days. During ejaculation, the sperms pass from the
formation is less than the body temperature, so they are epididymis into the vas deferens and are ejaculated with
found outside the body.
the semen through the penis.
432. Why do men have testicles outside the body?
436. Which of the following is a male reproductive
(a) Due to presence of spermatheca
part in human beings?
(b) Sperm formation requires a lower
temperature than normal body temperature. (a) Vas deferens (b) Uterus
(c) Sperm formation requires higher temperature (c) Fallopian tube (d) Ovary
than normal body temperature. RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-II)
(d) Due to the special tissues found in parts of the RRB Group-D 25-10-2018 (Shift-II)
stomach. Ans : (a) The process by which organisms increase
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-III) their numbers is called reproduction. The organs that
Ans. (b) The testes — also called testicles — are two participate in the reproduction of organisms are called
oval-shaped organs in the male reproductive system. reproductive organs.
They're contained in a sac of skin called the scrotum. (Reproductive Organ)
The scrotum hangs outside the body in the front of the
pelvic region near the upper thighs. Sperm formation
requires a lower temperature than normal body
temperature,this is why men have testicles outside the (Male) (Female)
body. Each testis is an oval-shaped structure wrapped in -Testes and Scrotal sac - Ovaries
a double layer of peritoneum known as the tunica -Vas deferens - Fallopian Tube
vaginalis. The testicular tissue consists of numerous -Seminal Vesicles - Uterus
blind-ending tubules known as seminiferous tubules.
-Penis - Vagina
Interstitial cells are found between the seminiferous
tubules, which secrete hormones called testosterone. 437. The child is born as a result of rhythmic
433. ........ serves as a nutritive tissue for growing contraction of muscles in ....
embryo . (a) Cervix (b) Oviduct
(a) Ovule (b) Ovary (c) Uterus (d) Vagina
(c) Endosperm (d) zygote RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-III)
RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-II) RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) Endosperm serves as nutritive tissue for Ans : (c) The main function of the uterus is to provide
growing embryos. Embryonic development is called space for its development until the fertilized egg is
embryogenesis. This embryonic stage lasts until the end converted into a embryo. Along with, the baby is born
of eight weeks. as a result of rhythmic contractions in the uterine
434. Name the tube that originates from male testis muscles.
and carries sperm into the body? 438. Uterus opens into the vagina through:
(a) Epididymis (a) Fallopian tube (b) Vas deferens
(b) Seminiferous tubules (c) Urethra (d) Cervix
(c) Urethra RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-III)
(d) Vas deferens
Ans : (d) The uterus is a hollow, pear-shaped organ in
RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-III)
a woman's lower stomach between the bladder and the
Ans : (d) Vas deferens is the tube that originates from
rectum.The cervix is the lower part of the uterus that
the male testis and carries the sperm into the body. The
opens into the vagina. The vagina is a tube that
vas deferens transports mature sperm to the urethra in
preparation for ejaculation. connects the uterus to the outside of the body.
435. Sperms are temporarily stored in the ……… . 439. Female germ cells or eggs are made in the:
(a) Vas efferens (b) Epididymis (a) Cervix (b) Vagina
(c) Bladder (d) Vas deferens (c) Ovary (d) Uterus
RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-II) RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) Female germ cells form in the ovaries.
Female reproductive hormones also produce estrogen
and progesterone. These cells are found in the immature
state of the ovaries from the time of birth of the girl,
which begin to mature as soon as puberty begins.
440. The cavity of the graafian follicle is called
(a) Antrum
(b) Amniotic cavity
(c) Liquor folliculi
(d) Discus proligerous
RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) The cavity of the graafian follicle is called
antrum. Graafian follicle is marked by the formation of
a fluid-filled cavity adjacent to the oocyte, called the
antrum.
441. The germ cells that store food for the fetus are
called ………….
(a) Oocyte (b) Zoogamete
(c) Spermatocyte (d) Homozygous
RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) The initial stage of organism development is
called embryo. The embryo receives its nutrition in the
early stages from the nutritive substances brought by
oocytes.
442. …………… carries sperms out of the testes.
(a) Vas deferens (b) Oviduct
(c) Urethra (d) Ureter
RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) The sperms are carried out of the testes
through vas deferens. The name of the male genital
organ in a human is testes and it is located in the
testicles. Its function is to produce sperm, secretes a
hormone called testosterone and nourishes it.
443. Which of the following is not a male
reproductive organ?
(a) Scrotum (b) Cervix
(c) Prostate gland (d) Testes
RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) The male reproductive organ is located in the
pelvic region of the body. Male reproductive organs are
included prostate gland , vas deferens,seminal vesicles,
epididymis, scrotum, etc. while female reproductive
components are cervix , ovary , uterus etc.
444. The vas deferens joins a tube coming from the
bladder to form a comman passage, called the
––––––––––.
(a) Testes (b) Seminal vesicles
(c) Ureter (d) Urethra
RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d) The vas deferens joins a tube coming from the
bladder to form a common passage, called the urethra.
445. The embryo receives nutrition from the
mother's blood with the help of a special cord,
is called ………
(a) Cervix (b) Placenta
(c) Uterus (d) Ovary
Ans : (b) The embryo gets nourishment inside the
mother body through a special tissue called placenta.
The embryo grows inside the mother's womb and gets
nourishment from mother's blood through the tissue
called placenta. The placenta is a temporary organ that
develops in the uterus during pregnancy. It attaches the
fetus to the uterine wall. It also provides nutrients to the
fetus and also allows the fetus to transfer waste products
to the mother's blood.
446. The egg is carried from the ovary to the womb
through the:
(a) Oviduct (b) Ureter
(c) Vas deferens (d) Cervix
RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) The egg is carried from the ovary to the womb
by the oviduct. The fallopian tube is the tubular part of
the female reproductive organ, located on both sides of
the uterus. They carry the eggs, i.e. it is the passageway
for the eggs to reach the uterus.
447. Which of the following is not a part of the
female reproductive system?
(a) Ovary (b) Uterus
(c) Vagina (d) Vas deferens
RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (d) Vas deferens is not a female but a male
reproductive organ. The sperms are carried by vas
deferens into the seminal vesicles. The sperm migrate
from the seminiferous tubules to the epididymis.
448. Which human body part carry eggs from ovary
to uterus?
(a) Ovaries (b) Fallopian tube
(c) Vagina (d) Penis
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) The sperm and the ovum together form
embryo in the fallopian tube, that is the first stage of
pregnancy. The uterine tubes, also known as oviducts or
fallopian tubes, are the female structures that transport
the ova from the ovary to the uterus each month. In the
presence of sperm and fertilization, the uterine tubes
transport the fertilized egg to the uterus for
implantation.
449. What is the method in which Copper-T is
placed in the uterus called?
(a) Copulation (b) Contraception
(c) Conception (d) Fertilization
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) Copper-T is used for contraception. It is
placed into the uterus of women. Once copper-T is
properly implanted, it acts as a barrier between the
zygote and the uterine walls, preventing the woman
from conceiving.
450. In which part of the male reproductive system
is the main genetic material found?
(a) Ureter (b) Sperm
(c) Prostate gland (d) Scrotum
RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) In human beings,the main genetic material is
found in the sperm of the male reproductive system.
Sperm or sperm cells are male reproductive cells whose
main function is to form the zygote by fusion with the
female reproductive cells.
451. Labor pain is caused due to contractions in
walls of ………. .
(a) Gene release (b) Ovary
(c) Uterus (d) Lower abdomen
RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (c) Labor pain is caused due to contractions in the
walls of the uterus. Pain during labor is caused by
contractions of the muscles of the uterus and by
pressure on the cervix.
452. In the development of the child (in the case of
humans) takes months approx ………… inside
the mother's body.
(a) 9 (b) 7
(c) 10 (d) 8
RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) Generally, period of 9 months from the date
of conception is suitable for the development of the
child, but this period may increase or decrease in
exceptional circumstances.
453. ………..results in the formation of zygote.
(a) Photosynthesis (b) Transpiration
(c) Fertilization (d) Pollination
RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) The cell that forms by two gamete cells through
sexual reproduction, are called zygote. This fusion of
germ cells is known as fertilization. The zygote is formed
by fertilization of sperm and ovum.
454. In humans, the fertilized egg is implanted into
the lining of ……….
(a) Vagina (b) Uterus
(c) Cervix (d) Ovary
RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) In humans, the fertilized egg is implanted into
the lining of the uterus. The process of fertilization
takes place in the oviduct. After fertilization, the zygote
attaches the uterine wall, that is called implantation.
455. Where does the fertilized egg, zygote, implant?
(a) Ovary (b) Uterus
(c) Vagina (d) Cervix
RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) See the explanation of above question.
456. Variations that occur during the reproductive
process can be –––––––.
(a) Inherited (b) Changed
(c) Modified (d) Less
RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) Variations that occur during the process of
reproduction can be inherited. Traits that are transferred
from one generation to another, they are called inherited
traits. In spite of inheriting traits from parents to
children, there are some traits which are completely
different from parents, these are called variations.
457. Male reproductive cells are produced in
……….
(a) Testis (b) Vas deferens
(c) Scrotum (d) Prostate
RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) Sperm, the male reproductive cells are
produced in the testis.
458. Which of the following is a work done by
placenta tissue found in humans?
(a) Support the embryo.
(b) Provide the nutrition to the embryo.
(c) Removes waste matter from the embryo and
provide nutrition to the embryo.
(d) Remove of waste matter from embryo.
RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) The placenta is located in the uterus of
women.The placenta is a large organ that develops
during pregnancy. It is attached to the wall of the
uterus, usually at the top or side. The umbilical cord
connects the placenta to embryo. Blood from the mother
passes through the placenta, filtering oxygen, glucose
and other nutrients to embryo through the umbilical
cord. One end of the placenta is attached to the
umbilical cord and the other end is connected to the
navel of the children.The placenta provides oxygen and
nutrients to the uterus while excluding carbon dioxide
and other waste matters.
459. Which of the following is not a female
reproductive organ?
(a) Uterus (b) Vas deferens
(c) Ovary (d) Fallopian tube
RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) The uterus, ovaries and fallopian tubes are
part of the female reproductive system while vas
deferens is part of the male reproductive system that
connects the male genitals and testicles from both sides.
460. Male and female gametes fuse together to form
....
(a) Zygote (b) Egg
(c) Womb (d) Sperm
RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) During sexual reproduction, a male and
female gametes merge together to form a new organism.
The two haploid cells fuse together to form a diploid
cell called a zygote. The process of coupling of male
and female gametes to form zygote is called
fertilization. Embryo develop by fertilization.
461. Which of the following statement is true
regarding cleavage?
(a) The size of embryo decreases.
(b) The size of embryo increases.
(c) The size of daughter cell increases.
(d) The size of daughter cell decreases.
RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) The action of cleavage occurs in zygotes. The
term cleavage refers to a series of rapid mitotic division
of the zygote following fertilization, celled structure
forming a many celled blastula. The cleavage follows
fertilization and ends with the formation of a 32-celled
stage. In cleavage, there is no growth phase. The size of
the embryo remains same while size of the daughter
cells decreases.The interphase is very little in it. Only
DNA is synthesized at the interphase. Cytoplasm of each
daughter cells decreases and the blastomeres remain
together till the completion of this stage. Consumption of
oxygen increases as number of cells increases. Nuclear
cytoplasmic ratio increases in cleavage.
462. The secretion from the prostate gland enters
into the:
(a) Kidney (b) Testis
(c) Ureter (d) Urethra
RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (d) The prostate gland is found only in men, is a
part of male reproductive system. The prostate gland is
located around the urethra. The urethra excretes urine from
the bladder through the penis.
463. ........ changes the appearance seen in boys
during puberty:
(a) Prolactin (b) Adrenaline
(c) Estrogen (d) Testosterone
RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (d) Testosterone is a steroid hormone found
mainly in the testicles and adrenal glands of men. High
levels of testosterone are related to sexual functionality,
reproductive functions, muscular weight, hair growth,
excitement and competitive behavior. Testosterone
changes the appearance seen in men at the time of
puberty. Testosterone levels reaches its peak at the age
of 40 and gradually decreases after that.
464. Menstruation is indicated by the bleeding
through vagina due to :
(a) Bursting of sperm
(b) Bursting of ovum
(c) Breaking of the lining of the uterus
(d) Breaking of the walls of the vagina
RRB Group-D 16-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) The ovaries of a girl between 10 and 15 years
of age, start producing a developed ovum every month.
The egg goes down through fallopian tube that connects
the ovary to the uterus. When the egg reaches the
uterus, its linings become thick with blood and fluid.
This is so that if the egg is fertilized, it can grow and
develop its lining for the birth of the baby. If the egg is
not fused with male sperm, the uterine lining breaks
down into a bloody substance. It then passes down
through the cervix and exits through the vagina. This
secretion is called menstrual period or menstruation.
465. Fertilized egg, zygote,is implanted in the layer of:
(a) Oviduct (b) Vagina
(c) Cervix (d) Uterus
RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) Fertilized egg, zygote,is implanted in the
layer of Uterus. Successful fusion of male sperm and
female egg is called fertilization.
466. Identify the part where the germ cells are
formed in the male reproductive organ .
(a) Testicles (b) Penis
(c) Ureter (d) Testis
RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) The testes in the body are located in a pouch
outside the abdominal cavity, called scrotum. The
testicle is helpful in lowering the temperature of the
testis (2–2.5C), that is necessary for spermatogenesis.
467. Vas deferens is attached to the tube through
the bladder to form a common passage, called
the –––––––.
(a) Seminal vesicles (b) Urethra
(c) Testis (d) Ureter
RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Vas deferens is attached to the tube through
bladder to form a common passage, called Urethra.
468. In some females, due to some problem,
fertilization cannot take place. In such cases,
freshly released eggs and sperms are kept
together for few hours for fertilization to occur
outside the body. This is called:
(a) Regeneration
(b) Fertilization
(c) Vegetative reproduction
(d) In vitro fertilization
RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (d) Test tube or In vitro fertilization is an
artificial process of fertilization in which eggs (ovum)
are extracted from female ovaries and fused with sperm
in the test tube. The fertilized egg is then placed in the
woman's uterus. Test tube baby develops in the uterus.
It is considered the most effective technique of artificial
insemination in women. This method is adopted when a
woman does not conceive due to some problem.
469. What is a test tube baby?
(a) Fertilization of the ovum occurs in the uterus,
but develops in the test tube.
(b) Fertilization takes place in the uterus and
embryo develops in the uterus .
(c) Fertilization of ovum takes place in the test
tube and develops in the test tube itself.
(d) Fertilization of ovum takes place in the test
tube, but it develops in the uterus.
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) See the explanation of above question.
470. In sexual reproduction, the parents
contributes:
(a) Three-fourth of its genes
(b) Half of its genes
(c) One-fourth of its genes
(d) All of its genes
RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) The gametes are also called germ cells. They
carry only half number of chromosomes/DNA present ,
compared to somatic cells of an organism.
471. What is the name of female reproductive cell?
(a) Egg (b) Sperm
(c) Ovule (d) Ovary
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) The female reproductive cell is named Egg.

10. Proteins, Vitamins and Minerals
1. What is the common name of E300?
(a) Vitamin B (b) Vitamin C
(c) Vitamin B (d) Vitamin A
RRB NTPC 27.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) E300 is the common name for vitamin C. Its
chemical name is ascorbic acid. Ascorbic acid is
commonly found in citrus fruit such as oranges,
tomatoes, brussels sprouts, cauliflower, broccoli etc.
Deficiency of vitamin C causes scurvy disease.
2. If a person is suffering from rickets, the person
has deficiency of …………
(a) Vitamin K (b) Vitamin D
(c) Vitamin A (d) Vitamin B
RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Deficiency of vitamin D causes rickets.
Rickets is a disease of bones that usually occurs in
children. It causes softening and weakening of bone and
curved legs. Lack of vitamin D results in reduced
absorption of calcium and phosphorus. Difficulty
maintaining proper calcium and phosphorus levels in
bones can cause rickets.
3. Which vitamin promotes the absorption of
calcium in the body?
(a) A (b) D
(c) B (d) B6
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of above question.
4. Non-clotting of blood occurs because of the
deficiency of :
(a) Vitamin D (b) Vitamin K
(c) Vitamin A (d) Vitamin B
RRB NTPC 28.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Non-clotting of blood occurs because of the
deficiency of vitamin K. The main symptoms of vitamin
K deficiency is excessive bleeding caused by an
inability to form blood clots. It can also make bones
weaker and increase a person's chances of breaking
them.
5. Which vitamin activates proteins and calcium
essential for blood clotting?
(a) Vitamin B1 (b) Vitamin K
(c) Vitamin D (d) Vitamin C
RRB NTPC 11.01.12021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(b) Deficiency of vitamin K leads to a decrease in
blood clotting. Its deficiency also weakens the bones.
Vitamin K activates the protein and calcium required
for blood clotting.
6. Identify the water-soluble vitamin from the
following.
(a) Vitamin D (b) Vitamin E
(c) Vitamin B1 (d) Vitamin A
RRB NTPC 07.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) Vitamins were discovered by Funk in 1911
AD. It is a kind of organic compound. No calories are
obtained from them, but they are very necessary for the
regulation of chemical reactions in metabolism in the
body. It is also called protective substance. On the basis
of solubility, vitamins are of two types –
• Water soluble vitamins -B, C
• Fat soluble vitamins -A, D, E, K
7. Deficiency of which of the following causes
colour blindness and poor vision?
(a) Calcium (b) Vitamin A
(c) Vitamin K (d) Vitamin C
RRB NTPC 02.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Deficiency of Vitamin A causes colour
blindness and poor vision. Vitamin A (retinol, retinoic
acid) is a nutrient important to vision, growth, cell
division, reproduction and immunity. Vitamin A also
has antioxidant properties.
8. Which of the following vitamins is rich in
yeast?
(a) Vitamin B (b) Vitamin C
(c) Vitamin K (d) Vitamin A
RRB NTPC 01.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Yeast extract naturally contains vitamin B12
which is not derived from animals. It contains all the
ingredients that are present in fresh yeast as well as
proteins, amino acids, carbohydrates, vitamins and
minerals.
9. Which of the following is the highest source of
zinc?
(a) Legumes (b) Brinjal
(c) Radish (d) Milk
RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Zinc is an essential mineral that plays an
important role in more than 100 enzymic reactions in
the body. The highest source of zinc are legumes.
10. Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are given below.
Assertion (A): Beriberi is a viral infection.
Reason (R): Vitamin deficiency causes diseases.
choose the right option-
(a) A is false but R is true.
(b) A is true but R is false.
(c) Both A and R are false.
(d) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Beriberi disease is caused by vitamin B1
(thiamine) deficiency, so given assertion is false. While
the reason is true, because vitamin deficiency causes
diseases.
11. Which of the following is a good source of
vitamin A?
(a) Cabbage (b) Carrot
(c) Potato (d) Strawberry
RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) The chemical name for vitamin A is retinol.
Its source is all kinds of green vegetables and fruits
such as carrots, papaya etc. Due to its deficiency, there
is a disease called night blindness and xerophthalmia.
Vitamin A is also known as anti- infection vitamin as it
helps the body to fight with bacterial, parasitic, and
viral infections.
12. Which of the following is the highest source of 21. Deficiency of Vitamin C causes:
Vitamin 'A'? (a) Goiter (b) Scurvy
(a) Orange (b) Cauliflower (c) Loss of vision (d) Beriberi
(c) Carrot (d) Sugarcane RRB NTPC 04.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-II) Ans. (b) : Scurvy is a condition caused by a severe
Ans : (c) See the explanation of the above question. lack of vitamin C in the diet. Vitamin C is found in
13. Vitamin A is related to: citrus fruits and vegetables.
(a) Cobalamin (b) Retinol Vitamin/Mi Deficiency Symptoms
(c) Ascorbic acid (d) Amino acid neral diseases/dis
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-I) order
Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question. Vitamin A Loss of Poor vision, loss of vision
14. Night blindness is caused due to deficiency of vision in darkness (night),
………. sometimes complete loss of
(a) Vitamin A (b) Vitamin B vision
(c) Vitamin C (d) Vitamin D Vitamin B1 Beriberi Weak muscles and very
RRB JE 01.06.2019 (Shift-I) little energy to work
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
Vitamin C Scurvy Bleeding gums, wounds
15. Which vitamin deficiency causes scurvy? take longer time to heal
(a) Vitamin A (b) Vitamin B6
(c) Vitamin K (d) Vitamin C Vitamin D Rickets Bones become soft and
weak or brittle
RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy. The Calcium Bone and Weak bones, tooth decay
chemical name of vitamin C is ascorbic acid. Good tooth decay
sources of vitamin C are juicy citrus fruits such as Iodine Goiter Glands in the neck appear
Indian gooseberry, orange, grape, tomato, orange, swollen, mental disability
lemon, mint, green coriander, spinach etc. in children
16. Which of the following diseases is mostly Iron Anaemia Weakness
caused by deficiency of vitamin 'C'? 22. Which disease is caused by vitamin C
(a) Scurvy (b) Kidney failure deficiency?
(c) Arthritis (d) Respiratory disease (a) Rickets (b) Beri Beri
RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III) (c) Scurvy (d) Night blindness
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
17. Scurvy disease, the symptom of which include Ans : (c) Scurvy is a disease caused by vitamin C
bleeding gums, may be prevented by adding deficiency. Due to its deficiency, the gums become
………… to the diet. swollen and the teeth begin to fall. The chemical name
(a) Vitamin-A (b) Cholesterol of vitamin C is ascorbic acid. Vitamin 'C' is found in
(c) Vitamin-C (d) Protein oranges, lemon, amla and tomatoes etc.
RRB JE 28.06.2019 (Shift-III) 23. Banana is a good source of which vitamin?
Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. (a) A (b) C
(c) D (d) B
18. Citrus fruits are considered a rich source of:
(a) Vitamin A (b) Vitamin D RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
(c) Vitamin B (d) Vitamin C Ans. (d) : Banana has the highest amount of Vitamin B6
RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-I) (33%). Banana is also a good source of vitamin 'C'.
Along with this, vitamin 'A', iron, phosphorus etc are also
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
found in bananas.
19. Scurvy is caused by the deficiency of ............
24. Name the vitamin which deficiency causes
(a) Vitamin-A (b) Vitamin-B1
excessive bleeding?
(c) Vitamin-B2 (d) Vitamin-C
(a) Vitamin A (b) Vitamin B
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-II)
(c) Vitamin K (d) Vitamin C
RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-III)
RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
Ans. (c) Due to deficiency of Vitamin K, excessive
20. Which of the following vitamins is not a fat bleeding occurs. The chemical name of vitamin K is
soluble? ‘Phylloquinone’. It is an anti-hemorrhagic vitamin
(a) Vitamin-K (b) Vitamin-A which is responsible for prothrombin formation in the
(c) Vitamin-D (d) Vitamin-C liver. Due to deficiency of vitamin K in the human
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-I) body, blood clot does not form and excessive bleeding
Ans. (d) Vitamins C and B are not soluble in fat, while occurs from wounds. It is found in green leafy
they are soluble in water. vegetables, tomatoes etc.
The chemical name of vitamin A is ‘Retinol’. Its Ans. (a) Fructose is a natural simple sugar found in
deficiency causes disease called night blindness. fruits, honey, and vegetables. In its pure form, fructose
Vitamin B : Its chemical name is ‘Thiamine’. Its has been used as a sweetener since the mid 1850s.
deficiency causes disease called beri-beri. Types of sugar:
The chemical name of Vitamin C is ‘Ascorbic acid’. Fructose: found in fruits and honey.
Scurvy disease occurs due to its deficiency. Galactose: found in milk and dairy products.
25. Which is the vitamin required for blood Lactose: found in milk, made from glucose and
coagulation? galactose.
(a) E (b) D Maltose: found in barley.
(c) K (d) C Sucrose: made up of glucose and fructose and found in
RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-09, Yellow paper) plant.
Ans : (c) See the explanation of the above question. 30. Retinol is mainly related to ……… .
26. Which of the following deficiency causes rickets (a) Vitamin A (b) Vitamin B
disease? (c) Vitamin D (d) Vitamin E
(a) Vitamin D (b) Vitamin A RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
(c) Vitamin B (d) Vitamin C Ans : (a) Retinol (with a formula: C20H30O) is a form
RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-III) of vitamin A that is yellow in colour and typically
Ans : (a) occurs in tissues in a form of retinyl ester. It may also
Vitamin Deficiency diseases be available commercially as retinyl acetate or
Vitamin D - Rickets (in children) palmitate. Retinol can be obtained from food such as
fish oils and green vegetables.
Vitamin A - Night blindness
The chemical names and deficiency effects of
Vitamin B - Beriberi
vitamins are as follows:
Vitamin C - Scurvy
Sr. Vitamin Chemical name Deficiency
27. Which vitamin activates proteins and calcium No.
essential for blood clotting? 1. Vitamin-A Retinol Night
(a) Vitamin K (b) Vitamin B1 blindness
(c) Vitamin D (d) Vitamin C 2. Vitamin-B1 Thiamine Beriberi
RRB NTPC 06.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Disease
Ans. (a) : Vitamin-K is soluble in fats and helps in 3. Vitamin-C Ascorbic acid Scurvy
clotting of blood. The chemical name of vitamin-K is Disease
Phylloquinone. Deficiency of vitamin K- 4. Vitamin-D Calcipherol Rickets
* prevents clotting of blood 5. Vitamin-E Tocopherol Impotence
* causing pain in bones 6. Vitamin-K Naphthoquinone Blood
* affects digestive system clotting
31. Which disease is caused by vitamin A
Vitamins Scientific Name Deficiency deficiency?
Vitamin D Calciferol Rickets and (a) Night blindness (b) Beriberi
osteomalacia (c) Anemia (d) Tuberculosis (TB)
Vitamin C Ascorbic acid Scurvy RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Vitamin B1 Thiamine Beri-beri Ans :(a) See the explanation of the above question.
32. What does Vitamin K deficiency leads to:
• Only four of the vitamins A, D, E, K are Fat soluble.
(a) Problem in blood clotting
• Other 9 Vitamins are water soluble. (b) Problem in calcium metabolism
28. Which vitamin keeps our eyes and skin (c) Problem in digestion
healthy? (d) All of the options
(a) Vitamin D (b) Vitamin A RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-II)
(c) Vitamin B (d) Vitamin E Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 33. Which of the following vitamins helps in the
normal clotting of blood in human beings?
Ans. (b) Vitamin-A is also called Retinol. Vitamin-A
(a) Vitamin-C (b) Vitamin-A
helps in growing and maintenance of epithelial tissues (c) Vitamin-D (d) Vitamin-K
and prevents drying of skin. Vitamin-A is also needed RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-II)
for night vision.
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
29. Which type of sugar is responsible for 34. Vitamin B1 is also called as:
sweetening in fruits? (a) Thiamine (b) Ascorbic acid
(a) Fructose (b) Maltose (c) Biotin (d) Niacin
(c) Sucrose (d) Lactose RRB JE 01.06.2019 (Shift-I)
RRB NTPC 17.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
35. Vitamin C is also called as ………. 42. Which vitamin among the following is crucial
(a) Acetic acid (b) Ascorbic acid for blood clotting?
(c) Riboflavin (d) Folic acid (a) Vitamin B12 (b) Vitamin D
RRB JE 27.06.2019 (Shift-I) (c) Vitamin A (d) Vitamin E
Ans. (b) Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy. The RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
chemical name of vitamin C is ascorbic acid. Juicy Ans : (a) Vitamin B12 is crucial for blood clotting.
citrus fruits such as gooseberry, lemon, orange, spinach Vitamin B12 is also known as cyanocobalamin. It is a
etc. are good source of vitamin C. cobalt- containing vitamin important for body health
36. The main function of vitamin K is in: and homeostasis. Vitamin B12 is crucial to the normal
(a) Immune system (b) Blood clotting function of the brain and the nervous system.
(c) Calcium absorption (d) Skin health 43. Which of the following vitamin contains a
RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-III) mineral called cobalt?
(a) Vitamin B3 (b) Vitamin B2
Ans. (b) In 1934, Danish scientist, Dr. Henrik Dam
(c) Vitamin B12 (d) Vitamin B6
discovered vitamin K and approved as fat–soluble
RRB JE 27.06.2019 (Shift-I)
vitamin. It helps in clotting of blood.
Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question.
37. Which of the following occurs due to
deficiency of vitamin K? 44. Cobalamin is present in which vitamin?
(a) Failure of clotting of blood (a) Vitamin B12 (b) Vitamin B5
(b) Blastocyst formation in uterus (c) Vitamin B3 (d) Vitamin B1
(c) Non maturation of ovum. RRB NTPC 15.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
(d) Neuritis
Ans. (a) Cobalt forms part of the structure of vitamin
RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-I) B12. Vitamin B12 has several important functions
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. including making red blood cells and releasing energy
38. What causes Beriberi? from the food.
(a) Excess of vitamin B1 45. Cobalmin is also called as:
(b) Deficiency vitamin B1 (a) Vitamin-D (b) Vitamin-B12
(c) Excess of Vitamin C (d) Vitamin-A (d) Vitamin-C
(d) Deficiency of Vitamin C RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I)
RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-IV) Ans. (b) Cobalamin is also called as vitamin B12.
Ans. (b) Beriberi is caused by vitamin B1 deficiency. 46. Niacin is a form of :
39. The richest source of Vitamin-D from food is : (a) Vitamin B3 (b) Vitamin B4
(a) Cottonseed oil (b) Olive oil (c) Vitamin B1 (d) Vitamin B2
(c) Cod liver oil (d) Sunflower oil RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III)
RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist Ans. (a) Niacin is a form of vitamin B3. Its deficiency
Ans. (c) The richest source of vitamin-D from food is causes pellagra disease.
cod liver oil(fish oil). Fish oil contains omega-3 fatty 47. Which vitamin is used for treatment of
acids that reduce body inflammation. Fish oil is also common cold?
beneficial in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, (a) Vitamin D (b) Vitamin A
high cholesterol, depression, anxiety, weak immune (c) Vitamin C (d) Vitamin B
system, cancer, diabetes, inflammation, arthritis, AIDS, RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Alzheimer's disease, eye disorders and ulcers. Ans. (c) Vitamin C is used for treatment of common
40. The liver oil of fish is rich in : cold.
(a) Vitamin-A 48. Which of the following is the most abundant
(b) Both Vitamin-A and Vitamin-D source of iron?
(c) Vitamin-E (a) Green vegetables (b) Beans
(d) Vitamin-D (c) Eggs (d) Milk
RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-II) RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) The liver oil of fish is rich in both vitamin- A Ans. (a) Green vegetables are the most abundant source
and vitamin - D. of iron.
41. Which one of the following is not a rich source 49. Pellagra is caused through deficiency of:
of calcium? (a) Riboflavin (b) Ascorbic acid
(a) Cheese (b) Collard Greens (c) Folic acid (d) Niacin
(c) Fig (d) Carrot RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) Pellagra is caused by deficiency of niacin.
RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
50. Vitamin K is produced through bacteria
Ans : (d) The amount of calcium in cheese is 721mg naturally found in:
(per 100 grams). Calcium is found to be 35mg (per (a) Pancreas (b) Kidney
100g) in figs while calcium is present less in carrots. (c) Heart (d) Intestine
Therefore, it is not considered a rich source of calcium. RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) Vitamin K is produced through bacteria,
naturally found in intestine. 11. Human Diseases : Symptoms and
51. What is riboflavin? Treatments
(a) antibiotic (b) dye material
(c) vitamin (d) plant 1. Which of the following diseases is not caused by
RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III) water pollution?
Ans. (c) Riboflavin is a vitamin. It is the chemical (a) Typhoid (b) Cholera
name of vitamin B2. It participates in metabolism of (c) Diarrhoea (d) Plague
carbohydrates and other substances. Due to its RRB NTPC 31.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
deficiency, the weight of the body decreases. Ans. (d) Plague is an infectious bacterial disease that
52. Megaloblastic anaemia is caused by the affects animals and humans. It is caused by bacterium
deficiency of which vitamin Yersinia pestis. Symptoms may include-headache,
(a) Vitamin B2 (b) Vitamin C fever, fatigue, diarrhoea, nausea or vomiting and muscle
(c) Vitamin B9 (d) Vitamin A aches etc.
RRB NTPC 15.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 2. Which disease is caused by the deficiency of
Ans. (c) Vitamins Diseases (deficiency) protein in our body?
Vitamin B9 Megaloblastic anaemia (a) Scurvy (b) Beri-beri
Vitamin B2 Redish Eyes, dry skin (c) Rickets (d) Kwashiorkor
Vitamin C Scurvy RRB NTPC 21.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Vitamin A Night blindness Ans. (d) The most common diseases as a result of
53. Identify the protein deficient disease: protein deficiency are kwashiorkor and marasmus.
(a) Scurvy (b) Beri beri Kwashiorkor is a protein deficiency disease that is
(c) Night blindness (d) Kwashiorkor manifested as edema and liver enlargement. Fatty
J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Red Paper) infiltrations are also present. The disease is caused by
Ans. (d) Deficiency of protein leads to Kwashiorkor deficiency caused due to less protein intake.
Deficiency of vitamin C causes scurvy. 3. Deficiency of ______ induces a disorder known
as kwashiorkor.
Source: → All fruits, chillies, etc. but are found most
(a) Protein (b) Fats
in Indian gooseberries.
Night blindness occurs due to deficiency of vitamin A. (c) Carbohydrates (d) Minerals
RRB NTPC 09.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Source: → Carrots, Spinach, Papaya etc.
Ans.(a) See the explanation of above question.
Deficiency of vitamin B causes a disease called Beri-
beri. 4. Asthma is a disorder of the _____ in the human
body.
54. The disease caused by deficiency of protein in
(a) Respiratory system (b) Circulatory system
children is called?
(a) Kwashiorkor (b) Pellagra (c) Digestive system (d) Locomotor system
(c) Beri-beri (d) Rickets RRB NTPC 31.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-III) Ans.(a) Asthma, emphysema, are the disorders of
Ans. (a) The disease caused by deficiency of protein in respiratory system. Asthma is a difficulty in breathing
causing wheezing due to inflammation of bronchi and
children is called Kwashiorkor.
bronchioles. The most effective drugs for long-term
55. Which deficiency causes anemia? asthma control are known as inhaled corticosteroids
(a) Folic acid (b) Vitamin B12
5. Which of the following disease does NOT
(c) Iron (d) All of the above
spread through the air?
RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Set-2, Red Paper) (a) Common cold (b) Pneumonia
Ans. (d) Anemia is due to deficiency of Vitamin B9 (c) Tuberculosis (d) Cholera
(Folic acid), Vitamin B12 and iron. RRB NTPC 13.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Folic Acid - Macrocytic Anemia
Ans.(d) Common-cold, pneumonia and tuberculosis are
Vitamin B12 - Pernicious Anemia
diseases spread through air whereas cholera is spread by
Iron (Fe) - Anemia contaminated water, contaminated food items and flies.
56. Cod liver oil obtained from fish, is a rich The cause of cholera is a bacterium called Vibrio
source of which vitamin? cholerae. Vomiting, diarrhoea, lack of water in the body
(a) Vitamin C (b) Vitamin B12 are the main symptoms of cholera disease.
(c) Vitamin D (d) Vitamin B1 6. Peptic ulcer is caused by which of the following
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper) organisms?
Ans : (c) Cod liver oil obtained from fish, is a rich (a) Worm (b) Virus
source of Vitamin-D. Fish oil contains omega-3 fatty (c) Bacterium (d) Protozoa
acids (EPA and DHA). RRB NTPC 11.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) The most common causes of peptic ulcers are 10. Which of the following is INCORRECT
infection with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori(H. regarding a disease and its causative organism?
pylori). Peptic ulcers are open sores that develop on the (a) AIDS-HIV
inside linings of stomach and the upper portion of small (b) Malaria-Plasmodium
intestine. The most common symptom of a peptic ulcer (c) TB-Mycobacterium
is stomach pain. (d) Cholera-Influenza
7. An international treaty, designed to protect RRB NTPC 10.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
human health and phase out the use of Ans.(d) The correct answer is as follows:
mercury, was signed in 2013 at _______.
Name of disease Caused by
(a) Tianjin, China
(b) Minamata, Japan AIDS Human Immunodeficiency
(c) Betio, Kiribati Virus (HIV)
(d) The Hague, Netherlands Malaria Plasmodium Parasite
RRB NTPC 22.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Tuberculosis (TB) Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Ans. (b) Minamata Convention on Mercury is an Cholera Bacterium Vibrio cholerae
international treaty designed to protect human health 11. Which of the following is not an eye disease?
and the environment from anthropogenic emissions and (a) Cataract (b) Dry eye
releases of mercury and mercury-based compounds. It
(c) Goiter (d) Glaucoma
was signed on 6 November, 2013. Minamata
Convention is named after the Japanese city of RRB NTPC 08.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Minamata, which experienced a severe, decades-long Ans.(c) Cataract, dry eye and glaucoma are the diseases
incidence of mercury poisoning after industrial associated with eye, while goiter caused due to
wastewater from a chemical factory was discharged into deficiency of iodine.
Minamata Bay. 12. What causes Bird Flu?
8. If a person has difficulty in seeing distant (a) HPV Virus
objects clearly, what condition him suffering (b) H5N1 Virus
from and how can it is corrected? (c) Tsetse fly
(a) Myopia, using convex lens (d) Anopheles mosquito
(b) Myopia, using concave lens RRB NTPC 30.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
(c) Hypermetropia, using convex lens Ans.(b) Bird flu is caused by a type of influenza virus
(d) Hypermetropia, using concave lens (H5N1) that rarely infects humans. H5N1 occurs
RRB NTPC 12.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist naturally in wild waterflow, but this can spread very
Ans.(b) A person with myopia (near-sightedness) can easily to humans domestic poultry. This disease is
see nearby objects clearly but cannot see distant objects directly transmitted to humans through contact with
distinctly. A person with this defect has the far point infected bird feces, and secretions from the mouth and
nearer than infinity. Such a person may see clearly upto eyes.
a distance of a few metres. In a myopic eye, the image
13. Which of the following option is not correctly
of a distant object is formed in front of the retina and
matched?
not at the retina itself. This defect may arise due to
excessive curvature of the eye lens, or elongation of the (a) Malaria : Protozoa (b) Measles : Bacteria
eyeball. This defect can be corrected by using a concave (c) Tetanus : Bacteria (d) Typhoid : Bacteria
lens of suitable power. RRB NTPC 28.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
9. Which of the following type of medicine is used Ans.(b) The correct match is as follows:
to treat indigestion? Disease Caused by
(a) Sulfa drug (b) Antihistamine Malaria - Protozoa (Plasmodium)
(c) Antibiotic (d) Antacid Measles - Virus (Rubella)
RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-I)
Tetanus - Bacteria (Clostridium tetani)
Ans. (d) Antacid is used to treat indigestion. Antacids
are medicines that counteract (neutralise) the acid in Typhoid- Bacteria (Salmonella typhi)
stomach to relieve indigestion and heartburn. Excess 14. Which of these diseases is caused by virus?
production of acid in the stomach causes heartburn and (a) Measles (b) Tuberculosis
pain. In severe condition, stomach occur wounds called (c) Typhoid (d) Diphtheria
ulcers. Metal hydroxide is a better antacid because RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III)
being insoluble it does not allow the pH to increase
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
above neutral. Ranitidine (Zantac) is an antacid.
Anti histamines - They are used primarily for the 15. Which of the following is viral disease?
prevention of allergies. (a) Rickets (b) Syphilis
Sulfa drug – It is used in bacterial infections. (c) Measles (d) Beriberi
Antimicrobial - is mainly used to prevent infection of RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-I)
diseases, bacteria, and fungi in humans and organisms. Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question.
16. Which of the following statements is NOT
correct about antibiotics?
(a) Side effects of antibiotics can include
smallpox, filaria and diphtheria.
(b) Antibiotics are not effective against cold and
flu.
(c) Antibiotics are not effective against viruses.
(d) Antibiotics are effective against bacterial
diseases.
RRB NTPC 28.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Antibiotics are chemicals that interfere with
metabolic processes that inhibit the growth of or kill
microbes, especially bacteria. Antibiotics are used to
treat infections caused by bacteria, fungi and protozoa.
The side effects of antibiotics can be runny nose, itching
in the eyes difficulty in breathing etc. Side effects of
antibiotics may not include chickenpox, filariasis and
diphtheria.
17. Which one of the following diseases is NOT
caused by a virus?
(a) Chicken Pox (b) Tuberculosis
(c) Influenza (d) Measles
RRB NTPC 23.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(b) Diseases that are caused by the virus are called
the viral diseases and diseases caused by bacteria are
called bacterial diseases. For example–
Viral diseases:–
AIDS, Dengue fever, Small Pox, Chicken Pox, Polio,
Measles, Rabies, Jaundice etc.
Bacterial diseases:–
Tuberculosis, Typhoid, Plague, Pneumonia etc.
18. Aedes mosquito is a carrier of:
(a) Cholera (b) Dengue
(c) Malaria (d) Typhoid
RRB NTPC 11.01.12021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(b) Aedes mosquito (Aedes aegypti) is the yellow
fever mosquito that carries dengue virus, chikungunya
and zika virus. Aedes is a genus of mosquitoes. The
genus that cannot fly very high. Malaria is spread by the
bite of the Anopheles mosquito. Cholera is caused by
the consumption of contaminated food or water. It is an
intestinal disease caused by bacterium Vibrio cholerae.
19. Sleeping sickness is caused by:
(a) House fly (b) Mosquito
(c) Tsetse fly (d) Sand fly
RRB NTPC 08.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) Sleeping sickness is caused by Tsetse fly. It is a
kind of insect which is mainly found in Sahara and
Kalahari desert.
20. Which of the following diseases is NOT caused
by a virus?
(a) Dengue fever (b) Cold
(c) Cholera (d) AIDS
RRB NTPC 14.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) Cholera is a bacterial disease causing severe
diarrhoea and dehydration, usually spread by
contaminated water. It spreads through ingestion of
food or water contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio
cholerae.
21. Hay fever is caused by the presence of which of
the following in polluted air?
(a) Carbon monoxide (b) Ozone
(c) Particulate matter (d) Pollen
RRB NTPC 01.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Hay fever is caused by an allergic response to
outdoor or indoor allergens, such as pollen, dust mites
or tiny flecks of skin and saliva shed by cats, dogs and
other animals with fur or feathers.
22. Which of the following unicellular organism
causes Kala-azar?
(a) Ascaris (b) Leishmania
(c) Liver fluke (d) Tapeworm
RRB NTPC 18.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(b) Kala-Azar is a slow progressing indigenous
disease caused by a protozoan parasite of the genus
Leishmania. The parasite primarily infects the reticulo-
endothelial system and may be found in abundance in
bone marrow, spleen and liver.
23. The female Anopheles mosquito is a
transmitter of:
(a) Typhoid (b) Cholera
(c) Dengue (d) Malaria
RRB NTPC 09.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Malaria is an acute febrile illness caused by
Plasmodium parasites, which are spread to people
through the bites of infected female Anopheles
mosquitoes. It is preventable and curable. Symptoms
are fever, headache and chills etc.
24. Which of the following is not an infectious
disease?
(a) Cholera (b) Measles
(c) Malaria (d) Diabetes
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
25. What is the full form of AIDS?
(a) Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
(b) Acute Immune Deficit Syndrome
(c) Acute Immune Deficiency Syndrome
(d) Acquired Immune Deficit Syndrome
RRB NTPC 22.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
(AIDS) is a chronic potentially life threatening
condition, caused by the Human Immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV). It can also be spread by contact with
infected blood etc. HIV is a virus that attacks the
immune system, the body's natural defense against
illness.
26. What is meant by dental caries?
(a) Whitening to the tooth
(b) Inflammation of the tooth
(c) Tooth decay
(d) Sticking of food particles to the tooth
RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Dental caries of cavities are more commonly
known as tooth decay are caused by a breakdown of the
tooth enamel. This breakdown is the result of bacteria
on teeth which break foods and produce acid that
destroys tooth enamel.
27. Tuberculosis is caused by: Ans : (b) DPT, triplet viral vaccine is included in the
(a) Protozoa (b) Virus list of mandatory vaccines issued by the Government of
(c) Bacterium (d) Fungus India.This vaccine is applied to infants under 6 months
RRB NTPC 12.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist of age. This vaccine is given to the child to avoid three
Ans.(c) Tuberculosis (TB) is potentially serious fatal diseases - diphtheria, whooping cough (Pertussis)
infectious disease that mainly effects the lungs. It can
and tetanus.
also spread to other parts of body, like brain and spine.
33. Whooping cough is also called as:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacteria causes it. This (a) Pertussis (b) Mumps
bacterium is spread from person to person through tiny (c) Variola (d) Rubella
droplets released into the air via coughs and sneezes. RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-II)
28. Which of the following diseases is caused by a Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
virus?
34. Which of the following disease is not
(a) Typhoid (b) Tuberculosis
immunized by triple antigen?
(c) Cholera (d) Chicken Pox (a) Typhoid (b) Diphtheria
RRB NTPC 28.12.2020 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Tetanus (d) Whooping cough
Ans. (d) Diseases caused by: RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-II)
Virus → Chicken pox, Small pox, AIDS, Polio, Rabies, Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
Herpes
35. The use of DPT prevents:
Bacteria→ Tuberculosis, Whooping cough, Diphtheria,
(a) Tuberculosis (b) Diphtheria
Typhoid, Pneumonia
(c) Polio (d) All of the above
Fungi →Athletes’ foot, Baldness
RRBJE 2014 (14.12.2014 Set -2 Red Paper)
29. Sonography is very useful in detecting
Ans. (b) The use of DPT prevents diphtheria.
abnormal deficiencies in gall bladder stones
Diphtheria - Diphtheria is a serious infection caused
and tumors. ........... is used in this technique.
(a) Light wave (b) Sound wave by strains of bacteria called Corynebacterium diphtheria
(c) Transverse wave that make a toxin. Due to this disease, a membrane is
(d) Longitudinal wave
RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-III)formed in the throat and breathing becomes blocked. It
is contagious disease. Diphtheria bacteria usually spread
Ans. (b) Sonography is very useful in detecting
from person to person through respiratory droplets, like
abnormal deficiencies in gall bladder stones and tumors.
Sound waves are used in this technique. from coughing or sneezing.
Treatment - Infectious diseases like diphtheria,
30. What type of pollution causes various diseases pertussis and tetanus can be prevented by DPT triplet
related to the respiratory system? viral vaccine.
(a) Air Pollution (b) Land Pollution
36. An ophthalmologist is one who treats:
(c) Water Pollution (d) Noise Pollution
(a) Skin (b) Bones
RRB NTPC 07.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Limbs (d) Eyes
Ans. (a) Air pollution causes various diseases related to RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-III)
the respiratory system. Ans. (d) Ophthalmologist treats the eyes. and vision
Air pollutant Diseases problems.
* Sulphur dioxide Asthma, Coughing, Chronic
37. Which causative agent is responsible for
bronchitis spreading swine flu ?
* Nitrogen dioxide Wheezing, Asthma, Lung (a) Parasite (b) Virus
Cancer (c) Fungi (d) Bacteria
* Lead Neurological Disease RRB NTPC 13.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
31. Ring worm is a type of disease. Ans. (b) : This is a respiratory disease of pigs caused by
(a) Bacterial (b) Fungal type A influenza viruses that regularly cause outbreaks
of influenza in pigs. Antiviral agents prevent, shorten,
(c) Prion (d) Viral and reduce the severity of flu. Antiviral agents used for
RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist treatment and prevention of swine flu are Oseltamivir
Ans. (b) Ring worm is a fungal disease. and Zanamivir.
32. The triplet viral vaccine, provides immunity 38. Which of the following is not a contagious
against which of the following diseases to the disease?
infant? (a) Typhoid (b) Measles
(a) Whooping cough, tetanus, measles (c) Arthritis (d) Influenza
(b) Whooping cough, tetanus, diphtheria RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-III)
(c) Tetanus, diphtheria and smallpox Ans. (c) Arthritis is not a contagious disease. Arthritis
(d) Tetanus, typhoid, hepatitis is the inflammation of one or more joints, causing pain
RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-07, Yellow paper) and stiffness that can worsen with age.
 39. Arthritis is a disease that affects ………….
(a) Joints (b) Kidneys
(c) Brain (d) Lungs
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
40. Which of the following is non – contagious
disease?
(a) Measles (b) Hydrophobia
(c) Typhoid (d) Diabetes
RRB SSE 21.12.2014
Ans : (d) Diabetes is a disease related to the pancreas.
It is caused due to the deficiency of insulin in the blood.
Hence, diabetes is non-contagious disease while
measles and hydrophobia are viral diseases while
typhoid is a bacterial disease.
41. Which of the following is usually infected with
a rat-flea?
(a) Diphtheria (b) Cholera
(c) Malaria (d) Plague
RRB SSE 21.12.2014
Ans. (d) The plague is one of the oldest pandemics in
the world. It is also known by the names of 'Black
Death Pest', etc. Plague is an infectious disease caused
by Yersinia pestis bacteria, usually found in small
mammals and their fleas. The disease is transmitted
between animals via their fleas and, as it is a zoonotic
bacterium, it can also transmit from animals to humans.
Humans can be contaminated by the bite of infected
fleas, through direct contact with infected materials, or
by inhalation.
42. Anthrax is caused by a type of –
(a) Bacteria (b) Fungi
(c) Protozoa (d) Virus
RRB JE CBT-II 29–08–2019 (evening)
Ans. (a) Anthrax is caused by a spore-forming
bacterium. It mainly affects animals. Humans can
become infected through contact with an infected
animal or by inhaling spores.
→ It is rare but serious bacterial disease.
43. Which of the following is a disease caused by
bacteria?
(a) Small pox (b) Rabies
(c) AIDS (d) Anthrax
RRB NTPC 15.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
ns. (d) : See the explanation of above question.
44. EBOLA is -
(a) A viral disease limited in West Africa.
(b) Name of a tsunami
(c) Anti-terrorist operation conducted in Arab
country
(d) Volcanic eruption in the Africa hills.
RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (a) EBOLA is a virus-borne disease that spreads
in the human population through human-to-human
transmission. Typhoid, cholera, fever and muscle aches
are symptoms. It was first detected in West Africa in
2014.
45. Which disease is treated by angioplasty?
(a) Cancer (b) Cardiac disease
(c) Leprosy (d) Diabetes
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper)
Ans : (b) Cardiac disease is treated with angioplasty. In
angioplasty, normal blood flow to the heart is restored
by opening the blocked arteries with the help of a
balloon catheter.
46. A girl eats sweets after driving away those
flies,sitting on sweets. That is why she become
patient of :
(a) Cancer (b) Cholera
(c) Diphtheria (d) Tuberculosis
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper)
Ans : (b) Cholera is caused by bacteria called Vibrio
cholerae that is spread by flies living in polluted
places.The dehydration caused by cholera is usually
severe and can cause tiredness, moodiness, sunken eyes,
dry mouth, shriveled skin, extreme thirst, reduced urine
output, irregular heartbeat and low blood pressure.
47. The primary host of malaria parasite is:
(a) Male Culex (b) Male Anopheles
(c) Female Anopheles (d) Female Culex
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper)
Ans : (c) The primary host of the malaria parasite is
female Anopheles mosquito. Malaria is caused by a
parasite called Plasmodium. In this disease, fever occurs
along with cold. The red blood corpuscles are destroyed
and decreased in blood .
Treatment- Drugs like quinine, peludrine,
chloroquine, primaquine etc. should be taken.
48. Which of these diseases is usually transmitted
by mosquitoes?
(a) Malaria (b) Arthritis
(c) Jaundice (d) Chicken pox
RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
49. Which of the following is a viral disease?
(a) Tetanus (b) Tuberculosis
(c) Typhoid (d) AIDS
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper)
Ans. (d) AIDS is an abbreviation for Acquired
Immuno Deficiency Syndrome. AIDS is a disease
caused by the virus (Human Immuno deficiency virus-
HIV). It is caused by unprotected sexual intercourse,
irregular blood transfusion and excessive drug intake.
The immunity of the patient suffering from AIDS,
decreases. Tetanus, tuberculosis and typhoid are
diseases spread by bacteria.
50. AIDS virus destroys …… in the body.
(a) Immune system
(b) Circulatory system
(c) Liver
(b) Red blood corpuscles
RRB JE 01.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) AIDS virus destroys Immune system in the
body.
51. ........... is a sexually transmitted killer disease.
(a) Malaria (b) Jaundice
(c) AIDS (d) Typhoid
RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) AIDS is a sexually transmitted killer disease.
52. Untreated HIV can lead to ________.
(a) Hepatitis (b) Cancer
(c) Plague (d) AIDS
RRB NTPC 01.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Untreated HIV typically turns into AIDS in
about 8 to 10 years. There were an estimated 37.7
million people living with HIV at the end of 2020. HIV
targets the immune system and weakens people's
defense against many infections and some types of
cancer that people with healthy immune system can
fight off.
53. HIV is not likely to be transmitted by which of
the following ?
(a) Breast - feeding
(b) Blood transfusion
(c) Sharing needles or injection equipment
(d) Mosquito bites
R.R.B. JE. Stage - II 30-08-2019 (Shift - III)
Ans. (d) : When a mosquito bites a human, only saliva
transmission takes place not of blood. Hence, HIV is
not transmitted through mosquito bite while other
options are appropriate for HIV transmission.
54. The disorder of Goiter is caused due to the
deficiency of:
(a) Potassium (b) Sodium
(c) Iodine (d) Calcium
RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Iodine deficiency is the main cause of goiter.
Iodine is essential to help thyroid produce thyroid
hormones. Without adequate iodine, the thyroid
progressively enlarges as it tries to keep up with
demand for thyroid hormone production.
55. Jaundice is related to:
(a) Kidney (b) Pancreas
(c) Liver (d) Duodenum
RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-III)
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans. (c) Jaundice is a condition when the level of
bilirubin, a yellow-orange bile pigment increases in the
blood. It turns the skin, whites of the eyes and mucous
membranes to yellow colour. Jaundice has many causes,
including hepatitis, gallstones liver and tumors.
56. Excess of uric acid in the blood is a symptom of
…….
(a) Arthritis (b) Gout
(c) Rheumatism (d) Heart
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans. (b) Gout occurs when urate crystals accumulate in
joint, tendons and surrounding tissues causing the
inflammation and intense pain of a gout attack. Urate
crystals can form when high levels of uric acid is
present in blood.
57. What are called the pests that transmit diseases
in human beings?
(a) Vector (b) Carrier
(c) Hauz (d) Incubator
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans. (a) Pests that transmit disease in humans are
called vectors. These insects transmit diseases from one
human or one community to another human or
community. They can also be called vector of diseases.
58. Which of the following is not a food borne
disease?
(a) Amoebiasis (b) Cholera
(c) Influenza (d) Hepatitis A
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans. (c) Influenza (flu) is a viral infection of the lungs
and airways with one of the influenza viruses. It causes
a fever, runny nose, sore throat, cough, headache,
muscle aches (myalgias), and a general feeling of illness
(malaise). It is an infectious disease, the infection of
which is caused by a virus called ‘influenza’. It is also
called flu. Sometimes, it becomes an epidemic.
59. Diabetes is usually the result of:
(a) Low insulin secretion
(b) Low thyroxine secretion
(c) Low estrogen secretion
(d) None of these
RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Set-2, Red Paper)
Ans. (a) Diabetes is usually caused by low insulin
secretion.
Diabetes - It is a pancreatic disease, which arises due
to low secretion of insulin. Insulin performs two types
of functions -
(i) The carbohydrate portion of the food is digested
and converted into sugar, which is broken down
by the reaction of insulin and get into fibers. In
the absence of insulin, the sugar goes into the
blood.
(ii) Insulin helps to store glycogen in liver and
muscles and due to lack of insulin blood sugar
level gets increase. This sugar starts coming out
through the urine.
60. Which disease has symptom of fear of water?
(a) Polio (b) Measles
(c) Rabies (d) Hepatitis
RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Set-2, Red Paper)
Ans. (c) : Hydrophobia (fear of water) is a symptom of
rabies disease.
Hydrophobia or rabies - It is caused by the bite of a
mad dog, wolf, fox.
Affected organ -central nervous system
61. Dengue fever, a mosquito-borne tropical
disease caused by the dengue virus, is called-
(a) Remittent fever (b) Quotidian fever
(c) Breakbone fever (d) Pel Ebstein fever
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Dengue diseases transmit by mosquitoes called
Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus and Culex fatigans.
Sudden high fever, rashes on face and pain in the eyes
and joints occurs in this disease. It spreads suddenly as an
epidemic. This disease is also called breakbone fever.
62. If someone is suffering from cancer, he should Ans : (c) Hydrophobia or rabies is an infectious disease
take consultation to: that infects the central nervous system. Its infection is
(a) Osteologist (b) Pathologist caused by the bite of mad dogs, wolves, foxes etc. Its
(c) Oncologist (d) Urologist carrier is Rabies virus.
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-I) 68. What disease is caused by a dog bite?
Ans : (c) If someone is suffering from cancer, he should (a) Cancer (b) Rabies
take consultation to an oncologist. An oncologist is a (c) Scurvy (d) Influenza
doctor who treats cancer and provides medical care for a RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III)
person diagnosed with cancer. Cancer is treated by the Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
use of antibiotics, alkaloids, radiotherapy, laser rays, etc. 69. What causes hydrophobia?
63. Leukemia is a type of human disease which is (a) Rabies virus (b) Acute virus
(a) Cancer of white blood cells (c) Varroa virus (d) Bacteria
(b) Caused by deficiency of vitamins RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-I)
(c) A cancer in the brain Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
(d) Caused by overdose of proteins
70. Which of the following is a waterborne disease
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-II)
causing acute gastrointestinal infection?
Ans : (a) Leukemia is the cancer of white blood cells. (a) Cholera (b) Rabies
Irregular and uncontrolled division of cells is called (c) Pneumonia (d) Leprosy
Cancer. This uncontrolled division forms tumors, RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-I)
causing the person to die. Other important types of
RRB JE CBT-II 28–08–2019 (evening)
cancers are-
Carcinoma - Cancer of epithelial cells. RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Lymphoma - Cancer of lymphocyte. Ans : (a) Cholera is an infectious disease. This disease
Sarcoma - Cancer of connective tissue. is transmitted by flies which is caused by a bacterium
Lipoma - Cancer of adipose tissue. called Vibrio cholerae. It is a waterborne disease. It
64. Which of the following diseases affects blood transmits to another person through stool, urine and
cells in the human body? vomiting of a patient. To prevent cholera, the nearby
(a) Leukemia (b) Meningitis drains or dirty watery areas should be free from
(c) Polio (d) Chicken pox infection through spraying of bleaching powder.
RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III) 71. Allergy Screening Blood Test for human beings
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. does not include:
(a) RAST (b) ELISA
65. ............... which is often referred to as shock (c) IgE (d) Hemoglobin A1C
treatment, in which seizures induced
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-II)
electrically to patients to provide relief from
mental disorders. Ans : (b) The ELISA test is used to detect the presence of
(a) EMG electromyography AIDS virus in serum, spit or urine while RAST, IgE and
(b) ECG electrocardiogram Hemoglobin A1C are related to allergy screening blood
(c) EEG electroencephalography test.
(d) ECT electroconvulsive therapy 72. Which of the following herbal medicine is used
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-I) in treatment of Leucoderma?
Ans : (d) Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), also known (a) Lukoskin (b) Lukogen
as electroshock therapy, is a psychiatric treatment in (c) Lukopasin (d) Lukotrepine
which seizures are induced electrically to patients to RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-I)
provide relief from mental disorders. Ans : (a) Lukoskin is a herbal medicine, used in
66. Cholera is caused by the bacteria called– treatment of Leucoderma. It is a mixture of natural
elements. It is developed by DIBER (Haldwani,
(a) Salmonella typhi
Uttarakhand).
(b) Treponema Palladium
73. Leucoderma is a disease of :
(c) Clostridum botulinum
(a) Throat (b) Skin
(d) Vibrio cholerae (c) Liver (d) Eye
RRB JE CBT-II 31.08.2019 IInd Shift RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) Cholera is caused by the bacteria Vibrio Ans. (b) Leucoderma is a type of skin disease.
cholerae. 74. Zika virus which damages the brain of foetus
67. Which of the following is an acute viral disease is :
of animals that transmits in humans through (a) Mosquito borne
the bite of an infected animal? (b) Water borne
(a) Haemophilia (b) Cancer (c) Air borne
(c) Rabies (d) Mumps (d) Food borne
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Zika virus which damages the brain of foetus
is mosquito borne. The Zika virus was first identified in
Uganda in 1947. The virus is transmitted by the Aedes
mosquito bite, if a woman is affected by the virus
during pregnancy, the brain of baby remains
incomplete, which is different from the normal head.
75. ZIKA virus which causes neurological birth
disorders is transmitted by:
(a) Rat bites (b) Mosquito bites
(c) Snake bites (d) monkey bites
RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question.
76. ……….. is not caused by airborne
transmission:
(a) Tuberculosis (TB) (b) Chicken pox
(c) Measles (d) Hepatitis-B
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans : (d) Tuberculosis, chickenpox and measles are
the diseases transmitted through the air, while hepatitis
B is a disease spread through physical contact with the
virus.
77. Which of the following cause Hepatitis B, a
infectious disease affects liver?
(a) Virus (b) Fungi
(c) Bacteria (d) Protozoa
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) Hepatitis-B is a viral disease. It affects the
liver. Major viral diseases are rabies, measles herpes,
meningitis, trachoma, AIDS, smallpox, dengue fever,
influenza etc.
78. Which of the following is not generally
classified as blood cancer?
(a) Carcinoma (b) Leukemia
(c) Myeloma (d) Lymphoma
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) Carcinoma is not generally classified as blood
cancer. Carcinoma is a malignant tumor that affects the
internal organs and epithelial cells of human skin.
Tumors can develop wherever they are involved in
tissue structure. The main causes of carcinoma are a
hormonal imbalance in the human body, hereditary
deformities, infection with a certain virus and industrial
carcinogen. The rest is in the form of blood cancer.
79. The ELISA test is used to diagnose acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome caused by ..........
(a) Zoster virus (b) Dengue virus
(c) HIV (d) Influenza virus
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) The ELISA test is used to diagnose Acquired
Immuno Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) caused by HIV.
It is a chronic, potentially life-threatening disease. It is
transmitted through sexual contact, by infected needle
or blood, from the infected mother to the fetus. HIV
weakens the immune system of patient suffering from
AIDS. In 1981, first patient of AIDS was found in
California (USA). Other tests for detecting HIV are
Oramore and DIPSTICK.
80. ELISA refers to which of the following?
(a) The center where AIDS was detected first.
(b) A test to detect AIDS.
(c) The very first person who died of AIDS.
(d) The virus which causes AIDS.
RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
81. Which of the following is not a viral disease of
man?
(a) Influenza (b) Dengue
(c) AIDS (d) Rinderpest
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans : (d) Influenza, dengue and AIDS are the viral
diseases in humans whereas rinderpest is a viral disease
in animals.
82. Who among the following has received the
Nobel Prize for the discovery of transmission of
malaria due to the bite of a particular species
of mosquitoes?
(a) Ronald Ross (b) Patrick Manson
(c) Charles Johnson (d) Charles Laveran
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) In the year 1880, Laveran discovered the
malaria parasite Plasmodium in the blood of a person
suffering from malaria. In 1887, Ronald Ross confirmed
that malaria parasite causes malaria and stated that its
carrier is the mosquito. He was awarded the Nobel Prize
in 1902 AD for this discoverz.
83. HIV is passed from one person to another in all
the following ways except:
(a) Mosquito bite (b) Breast feeding
(c) Sharing needles (d) Sexual contact
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) HIV is passed from one person to another
through breast feeding, sharing needle, unsafe
intercourse, blood transfusions, etc. HIV virus is not
transmitted by mosquito bites, living and eating
together.
84. The excessive amount of calcium oxalate in the
body causes ………….
(a) Bronchitis (b) Diabetes
(c) Stones (d) Meningitis
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) Excessive amount of calcium oxalate in the
body causes stones.
Bronchitis - is related to inflammation in the lungs.
Meningitis - related to infection or inflammation of
brain and spinal cord.
Diabetes- Diabetes is related to increase in the blood
sugar level.
85. Leprosy is also known as :
(a) Angina (b) Hansen's disease
(c) Gaucher disease (d) Hodgkin disease
RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Leprosy is a communicable disease, it is also
called 'Hansen's disease'. It is caused by a bacterium
called Mycobacterium leprae. This disease affects the
skin, nerves, fingers and paws. Leprosy is curable with
multidrug therapy. MDT drugs are used for the
treatment of leprosy.
86. Anaemic situation is due to:
(a) Deficiency of platelets
(b) Deficiency of RBC
(c) Deficiency of WBC
(d) Deficiency of oxidants
RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Anaemia means deficiency of blood . This is
due to the decrease in the number of haemoglobin
particles found in the red blood corpuscles (RBC).
Symptoms of blood deficiency also occur due to
unwanted changes in the haemoglobin molecule.
87. Yellow fever is mainly transmitted among
humans by:
(a) Female mosquito bite
(b) Male mosquito bites
(c) Water
(d) Air
RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Yellow fever is a contagious and acute
disease that starts suddenly. The cause of yellow fever
is a micro virus transmitted by the mosquito of the
female Aedes species.
88. The insects that transmit diseases are called....
(a) Transmitter (b) Vector
(c) Transporter (d) Lift
RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) The insects that transmit disease are called
vectors. Some of them are harmful and some are
beneficial.
89. ............. is a bacterial disease.
(a) Myocardial infarction (b) Syphilis
(c) Polio (d) Ringworm
RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Syphilis is caused by the bacterium
Treponema pallidum. The penis is affected by syphilis.
Polio is a disease caused by enterovirus belonging to
the Picornaviridae family. Ringworm is caused by fungi
of three different type: Trichophyton, Microsporum, and
Epidermophyton. Ringworm of the body often appears
as patches with the characteristic round ring shape.
90. Hemophilia is an example of:
(a) Disease due to deficiency
(b) Genetic disease
(c) Contagious diseases
(d) Occupational diseases
RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Hemophilia is a genetic disorder in which a
person's blood is not able to clot blood after an injury.
This disease is caused by a deficiency of a certain
clotting factor called thromboplastin in the blood.
Thromboplastin has the ability to quickly clot blood
after an injury or wound.The person with hemophilia
lacks thromboplastin, so the blood can't make a clot.
91. Bats are natural vectors of following
pathogens:
(a) Dengue (b) Filaria
(c) Ebola fever (d) Chikungunya
RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) Bats and monkeys are natural vectors of Ebola
fever pathogen. Ebola fever is a very deadly and
contagious viral disease due to which the patient has
extreme fever and vomiting of blood.
92. What vectors Anopheles mosquitoes carry?
(choose the correct option)
1. Malaria 2. Filaria 3. Dengue
(a) 1 only (b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 2 (d) 1 and 3
RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Malaria is a disease caused by the
Plasmodium parasite. Female Anopheles are mosquito
that carry vectors of malaria. The spleen and RBC are
affected by this disease . Filariasis is a rare infectious
tropical disorder caused by the round worm parasites
Wuchereria bancrofti. This worm is transmitted by the
bite of Culex mosquito. Dengue is a tropical infectious
disease caused by the bite of Aedes aegypti.
93. Goitre is a disease caused by :
(a) Defective growth hormone
(b) Deficiency of Iodine
(c) Overeating
(d) Excessive secretion of thyroxine
RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) See the explanation of the above question.
94. When is World AIDS Day celebrated every
year?
(a) 1 December (b) 1 January
(c) 14 February (d) 8 March
RRB NTPC 09.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) World AIDS Day is observed every year on 1
December to spread awareness about it.
95. Cancer tissues are examined by ………….
(a) Biopsy (b) Bioscopy
(c) Cholestology (d) Radiography
RRB NTPC 11.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Cancer tissue is examined by biopsy.
Radiography is an imaging technique that uses X-rays to
visualize the internal structure of an object. Bioscopy
determines whether the cells of the body are alive or not.
96. The cause of Hepatitis A is a:
(a) Bacteria (b) Mosquito bite
(c) Protozoa (d) Virus
RRB NTPC 04.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(d) Hepatitis A is an inflammation of the liver
caused by the Hepatitis A virus (HAV). The virus is
primarily spread when an uninfected person ingests
food or water that is contaminated with the faeces of an
infected person.
97. What causes Measles?
(a) Bacteria (b) Virus
(c) Fungus (d) Rat
RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Measles is a viral disease. The measles virus is
a single-stranded RNA virus of the genus Morbillivirus
and the family Paramyxoviridae. In this disease, the
entire body is affected. It especially affects children
more. Symptoms include fever, cough, runny nose, red
eyes and a generalized maculopapular erythematous rash.
98. Mouth and foot diseases in cattle are caused 105. Which one is not the cause of kidney stone
due to: formation?
(a) Fungi (b) Penicillium (a) Drinking more water.
(c) Virus (d) Bacteria (b) Diabetes mellitus.
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-I) (c) Taking nuts rich in oxalate.
Ans. (c) Mouth and foot diseases in cattle are caused (d) Eating lot of stone forming foods.
due to virus. RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
99. Western blot is the diagnostic test for … Ans : (a) Drinking more water does not cause stone
(a) Plague (b) Leprosy formation while diabetes mellitus, consuming nuts rich
(c) H.I.V. (d) Typhoid in oxalate and eating lot of stone forming foods are the
RRB NTPC 11.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist main reasons for kidney stone formation.
Ans : (c) ELISA and Western blot are diagnostic test 106. Sleep apnea is related to .......... while sleeping.
for H.I.V. testing. Biopsy is the diagnostic test for (a) Walking (b) Talking
leprosy. FIRDT is a test that detects the Yersinia pestis (c) Snoring (d) Smiling
which causes plague. RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
100. Which vaccine is primarily used against Ans : (c) Sleep apnea is a disease related to snoring
tuberculosis? while sleeping. Sleep apnea is serious sleep disorder in
(a) BCG (b) DPT which breathing repeatedly stops and starts. Symptoms
(c) HiB (d) Varicella may include insomnia, fatigue, headache or weight
RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist gain.
Ans : (a) Tuberculosis is commonly referred as TB. 107. Which of the following pollutants in water
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease caused by a causes 'Minamata' disease?
bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is (a) Salmonella (b) Methyl Mercury
spread from person to person through the air. TB (c) Lead (b) Perchlorate
usually affects the lungs, but it can also affect other
RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-II) Stage IInd
parts of the body, such as the brain, kidneys, or spine. It
is transmitted by spitting or kissing. B.C.G. (Bacillus Ans : (b) Minamata disease is caused by the poisoning
Calmette Guerin) vaccine is vaccinated in children for of mercury. Minamata disorder caused by methyl
prevention of TB. mercury poisoning that was described by the inhabitants
101. B.C.G. vaccine is normally used to prevent: of Minamata Bay, Japan.
(a) Rabies (b) Leukemia 108. Osteoporosis is related to which disease?
(c) Tuberculosis (d) Cancer (a) bone (b) heart
RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-III) (c) kidney (d) lungs
Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question. RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
102. Tuberculosis is a disease of the. Ans : (a) Osteoporosis is a disease related to bone.
(a) Lungs (b) Liver Osteoporosis is a disease in which bone weakening
(c) Heart (d) Pancreas increases the risk of a broken bone. It is the most
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-I) common reason for a broken bone among the elderly.
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question. 109. 'Pneumonia' is caused by inflammation
103. Which of the following presence in high level of……….. .
causes diabetes? (a) Liver (b) Lung
(a) Fructose (b) Sucrose (c) Heart (d) Brain
(c) Glucose (d) Saccharides RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-I)
RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist Ans. (b) 'Pneumonia' is caused by inflammation of
Ans : (c) Diabetes occurs due to high levels of glucose lungs. With pneumonia the air secs may fill with fluid
in the human body. Diabetes is a chronic condition or pus.
associated with abnormally high levels of sugar 110. When the human body temperature drops by
(glucose) in the blood. Insulin produced by the pancreas 2– 3.5° F below normal body temperature, this
lowers blood glucose. Absence or insufficient condition is considered to be as:
production of insulin, or an inability of the body to
(a) Fever (b) Hypothermia
properly use insulin causes diabetes.
(c) Hyperthermia (b) Hyperpyrexia
104. The disease cirrhosis affects which organ in the
body? RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
(a) Brain (b) Liver Ans : (b) Hypothermia is a condition in the body in
(c) Heart (d) Kidney which the temperature decreases below normal. In this
RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist condition, the body temperature decreases below 35 ° C
Ans : (b) In cirrhosis, liver cells are extensively (95 ° F). Many times, the body temperature is affected
destroyed and fibrous fibres are formed at their place. due to this disease. In such a situation, the temperature
At the same time, the structure of the liver also becomes of the body can deteriorate in any environment. This is
abnormal, which can lead to a condition of high blood called secondary hypothermia.. Children, Older people,
pressure. infants etc. are threatened more by hypothermia.
111. When human body temperature decreases by Ans : (d) Chicken pox, rubella and flu are virus-borne
about 5.4-8°F above normal body temperature, diseases, while meningitis is inflammation of the
this condition is known as ………. protective membranes covering the brain and spinal
(a) Viral (b) Hypothermia cord which is collectively called meningitis. This
(c) Pyretic (d) Hyperpyrexia inflammation can be caused by infection with viruses,
RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist bacteria and other microorganisms.
Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question. 117. Chemotherapy method is used for treatment
112. Which of the following is not generally the of-
cause of cancer? (a) Heart disease (b) Kidney failure
(a) Environmental factor (b) Mutation (c) Cancer (d) Hepatitis C
(c) Genetic modification (d) Transmission RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist Ans : (c) Cancer is the irregular and uncontrolled
division of cells. This uncontrolled division forms
Ans : (d) Our body is made up of many types of cells.
tumours, causing the person to die. Cancer is studied
The abnormal growth of cells is called ‘Cancer’ in which
cells usually lose control. According to the World Health under the oncology, branch of science. The
Organization, the following common factors responsible chemotherapy method is adopted for its diagnosis.
for Cancer are: Major types of cancer
1. Genetic (i) Leukemia - Cancer of blood cells
(ii) Carcinoma - Cancer of epithelial cells
2. Environmental factors
(iii) Lymphoma - Cancer of lymphocyte
3. Related to age (iv) Sarcoma - Cancer of connective tissue
4. Poor dietary intake (v) Lipoma - Cancer of adipose tissue
5. Infection
118. Which virus is main cause of Chicken pox?
6. Low immunity (a) West Nile (b) Varicella
7. Medications and Medical Treatment (c) Herpes simplex (d) Rhinovirus
8. Inflammatory disorders RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Hence, transmission is not a cause of cancer. Ans : (b) Chickenpox is a viral infectious disease. It is
113. Thrombosis is a disease of the: caused by Varicella virus. Chickenpox is a contagious
(a) Nerve bursting (b) Blood illness that causes high fever, pain, burning sensation,
(c) Thyroid glands (b) Lungs restlessness , an itchy rash and red spots or blisters
RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-III) (pox) all over the body. It is transmitted directly by air,
Ans. (b) Thrombosis is a disease of blood. The blood by sneezing or by coughing.
vessels get burst due to sudden blood clotting in 119. The O-T-C drug Crocin is an :
thrombosis. (a) Analgesic
114. Zika virus is transmitted in humans by: (b) Antipyretic
(a) Rat (b) Mosquito (c) Analgesic and antipyretic
(c) Prawn (d) Rabbit (b) Antiseptic
RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Zika virus is transmitted to people primarily Ans : (c) O-T-C drug Crocin is an analgesic and
through the bite of an infected Aedes species mosquito antipyretic. Analgesic reduce headache, muscle pain,
(Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus). These are the same arthritis or other aches and pains. O-T-C medicine is
mosquitoes that spread dengue and chikungunya good for many types of pain.
viruses. A pregnant woman already infected with Zika 120. What is Melioidosis?
virus can pass the virus to her fetus during the (a) Red rashes on skin (b) Memory loss
pregnancy or around the time of birth. Zika is a cause of (c) Infectious disease (d) Chronic joint pain
microcephaly, blindness, hepatic diseases and other RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
severe fetal brain defects.
Ans : (c) Melioidosis, also called Whitmore's disease, is
115. What does 'P' refer to in the DPT vaccine?
(a) Psoriasis (b) Pertussis an infectious disease that can infect humans or animals.
(c) Pancoelitis (d) Parkinson The disease is caused by the bacterium Burkholderia
RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist pseudomallei. Infectious diseases are those diseases that
Ans : (b) In the DPT vaccine, 'P' refers to pertussis. are caused by some pathogenic microbes such as
DPT is a combination class of diphtheria, pertussis protozoa, fungi, bacteria, viruses, etc. Infectious
(whooping cough) and tetanus vaccines that protect diseases have the ability to transmit from one body to
against infectious diseases occurring in humans. another. Malaria, typhoid, smallpox, influenza, etc. are
116. Find the odd one out: Chicken pox, Rubella, examples of infectious diseases.
flu, Meningitis 121. Which ailment is not related to heart?
(a) Chicken pox (b) Rubella (a) Aneurysm (b) Cardiomyopathy
(c) Flu (d) Meningitis (c) Diphtheria (d) Myocardial rupture
RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) Diphtheria is a disease related to the throat,
not to the heart. It is contagious disease. Diphtheria
bacteria usually spread from person to person through
respiratory droplets, like from coughing or sneezing.
DPT vaccine should be vaccinated and should have
proper sanitation for prevention of Diphtheria.
122. What is the most common treatment for
bacterial infections in humans?
(a) Aspirin (b) Antibodies
(c) Antibiotics (d) Antigen
RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) The most common treatment for bacterial
infection in humans is antibiotics, which inhibit
bacterial growth.
123. Which is the latest antibiotic, recently
discovered using a new method of bacterial
culture in soil, which is expected to help fight
multi drug –resistant pathogens?
(a) Teixobactin (b) Dalvansin
(c) Siphepime (d) Daptomycin
RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) The latest antibiotic, recently discovered using
a new method of soil bacteria culture, is Teixobactin
which is expected to help fight multi drug resistant
pathogens.
124. Find the similarity in the following:
Common cold, Ringworm, Conjunctivitis,
Whooping cough :
(a) These are all non-communicable diseases.
(b) They do not respond to curative treatment.
(c) These are all contagious.
(d) No preventive measures are available for all
of them.
RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) Common cold, ringworm, conjunctivitis and
Whooping cough all are the contagious (communicable)
diseases. Common cold spread by rhinovirus, ringworm
by fungi, conjunctivitis (eye infection) by bacteria,
virus, dust, soil and cosmetics and the whooping cough
is caused by a bacterium called Bacillus pertussis.
125. Usually, colour blindness is
(a) A genetic disposition
(b) A non-genetic condition
(c) Lifestyle disease
(d) Caused by exposure to light
RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Colour blindness is a disease of the eyes; it is
type of genetic disposition in which human cannot
perceive one or more colours.
126. RMAb medicine — the world's first fast-acting
drug in its category — is set to be launched in
India soon,which disease does treat through
this medicine?
(a) Anti-malarial drug
(b) Anti-rabies drug
(c) Anti-dengue drug
(d) Anti-diabetic medicine
RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) World’s first fast-acting anti-rabies drug
Rabies Human Monoclonal Antibody (RMAb) is a
human IgG1 monoclonal antibody that instantly
deactivates rabies virus by specifically binding to a
conformational epitope of G glycoprotein of the virus.
Rabies disease is caused by dog bites.
127. ........ cannot be treated with eyeglasses -
(a) Presbyopia (b) Hyperopia
(c) Cataract (d) Myopia
RRB NTPC 17.01.2017 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) Cataract cannot be cured with eyeglasses.
Cataract is a common eye disease. It is found in a
person above the age of 55 to 60 years. Surgery is the
only treatment of cataract. A cataract is a clouding of
the normally clear lens of eye .
128. The full form of HIV is -
(a) Human immunodeficiency victoria
(b) Humanity immunodeficiency virus
(c) Human immunodeficiency virtual
(d) Human immunodeficiency virus
RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (d) The full form of HIV is human immuno
deficiency virus. It is a retro virus. This virus is a carrier
of AIDS disease in humans, fails the immune system of
humans.
129. What is the full form of HIV?
(a) Human immunodeficiency virus
(b) Human III virus
(c) Human immune virus
(d) Human infusion Virus
RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
130. Which of these people developed the polio
vaccine?
(a) Alfred Nobel (b) Jonas Edward Salk
(c) Marie Curie (d) Louis Pasteur
RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) Polio drop was discovered by Albert Sabin.
Two years later, the Polio vaccine was discovered by
American research fellow and virologist 'Jonas Edward
Salk'. First successful trial of polio vaccine was done in
1955.
131. Which of the following human diseases is
caused by bacteria?
(a) Typhoid (b) Hepatitis A
(c) Polio (d) Measles
RRB NTPC 29.12.2020 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Typhoid fever is a life-threatening illness
caused by bacterium Salmonella typhi. While hepatitis
A, polio and measles are caused by viruses. Measles is
characterized by fever and upper respiratory tract
symptoms like cough and cold (Coryza).
132. Which of the following worms is the cause of
filariasis?
(a) Tape worms (b) Round worms
(c) Filarial worms (d) Hook worms
RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia malayi are
filarial worms that cause acute inflammation of
lymphatic vessels (lymphangitis). This disease is known
as filariasis. When the vector female mosquito (Culex)
bites a healthy person, the pathogens are transmitted to
that person's body.The larval form of the parasite
transmits the disease to humans by the bite of a
mosquito.
133. ––––– is not a sexually transmitted disease.
(a) Gonorrhea (b) Syphilis
(c) Candidiasis (d) Wart
RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) : Diseases or infections which are transmitted
through sexual intercourse with infected persons are
collectively called sexually transmitted diseases (STDs).
HIV leading AIDS, Gonorrhoea, Syphilis,
Chlamydiasis, Genital herpes, Genital warts, Hepatitis-
B, Trichomoniasis, Enterobiasis, Scabies, etc are types
of sexually transmitted diseases but Candidiasis is
fungal infection caused by a yeast (a type of fungus)
called Candida.
134. The reason for the origin of organisms
responsible for Leishmaniasis (Kala-azar):
(a) Oblique binary fission
(b) Multiple fission
(c) Transverse binary fission
(d) Linear binary fission
RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) Black fever (Kala-azar) is considered the most
severe form of leishmaniasis. Leishmaniasis is a vector
borne disease that is transmitted by sand flies and
caused by obligate intracellular protozoa of the genus
Leishmania donovani, originated by oblique binary
fission. Leishmania infects immune system.
135. Which pathogen causes ' bakanae' (foolish
seedling) disease in rice seedlings?
(a) Gibberella Fujikuroi
(b) Curvularia lunata
(c) Drechslera gigantea
(d) Rhizoctonia oryzae
RRB NTPC 17.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Bakanae (Foolish seedling) disease of rice
seedling is caused by a fungal pathogen Gibberella
Fujikuroi. The appearance of symptoms of the disease
in rice seedling was reported when they were treated
with sterile filtrate of the fungus. The active substance
was later identified as gibberellic acid.
136. What is Haemophilia ?
(a) It is a disease caused by the absence of genes
responsible for the factors that cause blood
clotting.
(b) It is a disease in which excess haemoglobin is
produced.
(c) It is a disease in which white blood cells
become cancerous and eliminate RBCs in the
blood.
(d) It is a disease that occurs due to deficiency of
vitamin K.
RRB Group-D 11-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) Haemophilia is a genetic disease. In a normal
person, on an average, a blood clot is formed in an
average of 2 to 7 minutes after injury, which stops
bleeding. In patients with haemophilia, the clot does not
form for a long time (1/2 hour to 24 hours) and blood
keeps flowing evenly. That is why it is also called
bleeding disease. This disease is usually found in men
only. Its heredity works similarly as color blindness.
137. Which of the following worms causes filariasis?
(a) Round worm (b) Filarial worm
(c) Needle worm (d) Earthworm
RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Filariasis is commonly known as
elephantiasis, is caused by the filarial worm Wuchereria
bancrofti or Brugia malayi and is transmitted by
mosquito species Culex respectively. Arms, skin,
lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, vulva, breasts and
scrotum are also swell due to filaria.
138. Tooth decay starts when the pH of the mouth is
…….. .
(a) between 8-9 (b) between 5- 6.5
(c) less than 5.5 (d) between 6.5-7.8
RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) : Tooth decay starts when the pH value of the
mouth is less than 5.5. The enamel of teeth is made of
calcium phosphate, which is the hardest substance in the
human body. It does not dissolve in water, but gets
eroded when the pH value of the mouth is less than 5.5.
139. Goiter is caused by deficiency of –––––––––.
(a) Sodium (b) Calcium
(c) Iron (d) Iodine
RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d) : Goiter disease is caused by deficiency of
iodine in the body. Iodine deficiency in the human body
causes swelling of the thyroid gland, found in the throat.
Goitre disease often occurs in people in areas where
there is a deficiency of iodine in the water.
140. Which disease is caused due to iodine
deficiency?
(a) Night blindness (d) Goiter
(c) Dandruff (d) Rickets
RRB NTPC 09.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) See the explanation of above question.
141. Which of the following is a malaria parasite?
(a) Salmonella (b) Mycobacterium
(c) Plasmodium (d) E. coli
RRB NTPC 10.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Malaria infection begins when an infected
female Anopheles mosquito bites a person, injecting
Plasmodium parasites in the form of sporozoites into the
bloodstream. Fever with chills is the main symptom of
this disease. Spleen and RBC are affected organs in this
disease.
142. Which of the following is an example of non-
infectious disease?
(a) Typhoid (b) Pneumonia
(c) High Blood Pressure (d) Influenza
RRB NTPC 08.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Non-communicable (infectious) disease are Ans. (a) Quinine is the drug obtained from the bark of
caused by a variety of reasons such as - genetics, Cinchona tree primarily used for the treatment of
nutritional deficiency, age and sex of the individual and malaria that is a disease caused by parasitic protozoa
so on. Examples include High Blood Pressure, Diabetes, Plasmodium.
Hypertension, Cancer etc. whereas Typhoid, Pneumonia 148. Which of the following types of medicines are
and Influenza are communicable diseases used for treating indigestion?
143. Patients suffering from which of these diseases (a) Analgesic (b) Antiseptic
can donate eyes? (c) Antacid (d) Antibiotic
(a) Diabetes (b) Rabies RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-II)
(c) Cholera (d) Tetanus Ans. (c) Antacid medicines are used for treating
indigestion.
RRB NTPC 06.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
149. Which of the following diseases is caused by
Ans. (a) Patients with diabetes, hypertension, asthma bacteria?
and those without communicable diseases can also (a) Measles (b) Mumps
donate eyes. People who are infected with or died from
(c) Chicken pox (d) Diphtheria
AIDS, hepatitis B or C, rabies, tetanus, cholera,
leukemia and such diseases cannot donate eyes. RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Diphtheria is a serious infection caused by
144. For which disease/disorder tranquilizer is
strains of bacteria called Corynebacterium diphtheriae,
normally administered? which make toxin (poison). It can lead to difficulty
(a) Diarrhoea (b) Anxiety breathing, heart failure paralysis and even death.
(c) Diabetes (d) Cancer 150. Which organisms cause infectious diseases?
RRB NTPC 17.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (a) Protozoa (b) Worm
Ans. (b) Tranquilizers administered in patients for (c) Virus (d) All of these
anxiety disorders to reduce anxiety. Tranquilizers are RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-I)
medicinal drug that help in reducing stress and anxiety. Ans. (d) Virus , worm and protozoa- all of these
This can even act as a medicine for mild mental illness. cause infectious diseases.
Luminal, Haldol and Ativan are the example of 151. Which of the following is the cause of
tranquillizers. ringworm?
145. The hydrotherapy treatment centre (water (a) Virus (b) Fungus
clinic) for elephants suffering from arthritis, (c) Liverwort (d) Bacteria
joint pain and foot ailments is situated at: RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-III)
(a) Cochin (b) Mathura Ans. (b) The cause of ringworm is fungus.
(c) Dehradun (d) Raipur 152. What are antibiotics?
RRB NTPC 29.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (a) Special medicines used during surgical
operations.
Ans. (b) The hydrotherapy treatment centre (Water (b) Anaesthetic substances
Clinic) for elephants suffering from arthritis, joint pain (c) Drugs prepared from mould and mould like
and foot ailments is situated in Mathura. It was organisms
established by the co-operation of UP forest Department (d) Sleeping pills
and SOS NGO. It is India's "First Elephant Hospital". RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-II)
146. Medicines that stop the growth of disease Ans. (c) Antibiotics are drugs prepared from mould
causing microorganisms are called- and mould like organisms.
(a) Antibodies (b) Anaesthetics 153. Poliomyelitis is caused by …………….
(c) Analgesic (d) Antibiotics (a) Virus (b) Bacteria
RRB NTPC 06.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Fungi (d) Worms
Ans. (d) The medicines kill or stop the growth of the RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-I)
disease-causing microorganisms such medicines are Ans. (a) Poliomyelitis is caused by the virus.
called antibiotics. These days a number of antibiotics 154. The white liquid that oozes out of wounds is
are being produced from bacteria and fungi. called?
Streptomycin, Tetracycline and Erythromycin are some (a) Plasma (b) Saliva
of the commonly known antibiotics which are made (c) Pus (d) Paste
from fungi and bacteria. The antibiotics are RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I)
manufactured by growing specific microorganisms and Ans. (c) The white liquid that oozes out of wounds is
are used to cure a variety of diseases. called pus.
147. Malaria can be cured with drug obtained from 155. Which of the following gets affected due to
........ tree. rickets?
(a) Cinchona (b) Belladonna (a) Muscular system (b) Nervous system
(c) Amaltas (d) Oak (c) Skeletal system (d) Eyes
RRB JE 27.06.2019 (Shift-I) RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-III)
RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-II) Ans. (c) Rickets affects the skeletal system of human.
156. Which of the following diseases is caused by
protein deficiency?
(a) Kwashiorkor (b) Rickets
(c) Berry-Berry (d) Scurvy
RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-07, Yellow paper)
Ans : (a) Kwashiorkor is a disease caused by protein
deficiency. Kwashiorkor is a condition resulting from
inadequate protein intake. It is most often encountered
in children of overpopulated developing or
underdeveloped countries, where their diet consist
mostly of grains and starchy vegetables, with low to
minimal amounts of protein included in their diet.
Muscles become loosen; hands and legs become thin &
mental and physical development stopped.
12. Plant Kingdom
(i) Bacteria
1. When two different bacterial cells fuse during
sexual reproduction, they produces…………. .
(a) Spore (b) Bud
(c) Fruit (d) Zygote
RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) The two gametes cells, fuse to form cells
through sexual reproduction, are called zygotes. In
multicellular beings, zygote is the prototype of the
embryo. In unicellular beings, the gamete divides itself to
produce new offspring, which is usually completed by
the process of meiosis.
2. A bacterium is capable of withstand extreme
heat, dryness and toxic chemicals. This
indicates that it is possibly able to form……… .
(a) Endotoxins
(b) A thick peptidoglycan wall
(c) Endospores
(d) Endogenous buds
RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) A bacterium is capable of withstand extreme
heat, ultraviolet and gamma radiation, dryness and toxic
chemicals. This indicates that it is possibly able to form
endospores. An endospore is a dormant, tough, non-
reproductive structure produced by a small number of
bacteria from the Firmicute family.
3. The process of making yogurt from milk is
done by:
(a) Vius (b) Insect
(c) Fungi (d) Bacteria
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans. (d) : The process of making yogurt from milk is
done by bacteria. Bacteria produce lactic acid by
fermentation process which converts milk into curd.
Yogurt contains protein, calcium, riboflavin and
vitamins.
4. Who of the following can inhabit the most
inhabitable habitats like hot springs, deep sea,
thermal vents and ice in Antarctica?
(a) Virus (b) Bacteria
(c) Amoeba (d) Euglena
RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans : (b) All bacteria, can inhabit the most inhabitable
habitats like hot springs, deep sea, thermal vents and ice
in Antarctica. They occur in maximum number of
microorganisms and are found in almost all places.
Archaebacterial cell walls are composed of different
pseudopeptidoglycan, glycoproteins, polysaccharides
and proteins, with no peptidoglycan. This unique
feature is responsible to keep them alive in adverse
conditions.
5. Which of the following is nitrogen fixing
bacteria?
(a) Salmonella (b) Rhizobium
(c) E.coli (d) Pseudomonas
RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Rhizobium is a nitrogen fixing bacteria. It is
mainly found in the roots of pulses. Rhizobium culture
is used for treatment of soil and seed. Rhizobium
culture benefits gram, lentil, black gram beans, green
gram beans, pigeon pea, groundnut, soybean, linseed,
beans and all other pulses crops.
6. Which bacterium is used to turn milk to curd?
(a) Streptomyces (b) Vibrio
(c) Lactobacillus (d) Spirilla
RRB NTPC 16.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) Lactobacillus bacteria are used to turn milk to
curd. Yogurt is a milk product made by bacterial
fermentation of milk. It is rich in protein, calcium,
riboflavin, vitamin B6 and vitamin B12.
7. The first photosynthetic oxygen liberating
organisms appear on earth were-
(a) Cyanobacteria (b) Bryophytes
(c) Green algae (d) Bacteria
RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans : (a) Cyanobacteria, also called blue-green algae,
were among the earliest organisms on Earth. These
primitive bacteria produce oxygen during
photosynthesis as they fix CO2 dissolved in the water
and they are the first oxygen liberating photosynthetic
organism present on earth. It is believed that BGA is
resposible for origin of the oxygen-rich atmosphere on
earth.
8. Amoebiasis causes:
(a) Severe cold (b) Dysentery
(c) Headache and cold (d) Fever
RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) Amoebiasis causes dysentery. Amoebiasis is a
parasitic infection of the colon with the amoeba
Entamoeba histolytica. Symptoms may include fatigue,
diarrhoea, weight loss, fever etc.
9. Bacilli are bacteria which are ……….
(a) Rod shaped (b) Comma-shaped
(c) Spherical (d) Spiral
RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) Bacilli are bacteria which are rod shaped.
10. If a bacterium has a tuft of flagella at one end,
what is it called?
(a) Peritrichous (b) Monotrichous
(c) Amphitrichous (d) Bacitrichous
RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) If a bacterium has a tuft of flagella at one end,
it is called monotrichous.
11. Escherichia coli occurs in: Ans. (d) Names of the diseases caused by fungus in
(a) Intestine of man (b) Water plants are as follow:
(c) Milk (d) Soil Diseases in Plants Pathogen (Fungus)
RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Black worm disease of Puccinia graminis
Ans. (a) Escherichia coli occurs in the intestine of man.
wheat (Black Rust) triticale
Symptoms of E. Coli may be severe stomach cramps,
vomiting and diarrhoea. Red Rot Disease of Colletotrichum
12. Respiratory sites in bacteria are: Sugarcane falcatum
(a) Episome (b) Microsome Peanut tikka disease Cercospora
(c) Mesosome (d) ribosome arachidicola and
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper) cercospora
Ans : (c) The respiratory sites are mesosmes in personatum
bacteria. Extrachromosomal plasmid is known as Green ear disease of Sclerospora
episome in bacteria. Bacteria are heterotropic, millet graminicola
prokaryotic and non chlorophyllous cells i.e 17. Which of the following is not the fungal disease
omnipresent microbes. They are usually unicellular. of the plant?
Ernberg coined them the bacterium in the year 1828. Its (a) Rust of wheat
cell wall is made up of poly saccharide lipids and (b) Citrus canker
proteins. 70 S type of ribosomes are found in cytoplasm (c) Red rot of sugarcane
but lack mitochondria, lobes and endoplasmic (d) Damping off seedling
reticulum.
RRB NTPC 09.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
(ii) Fungi Ans. (b) Citrus canker is caused by a bacterium called
the Xanthomonas axonopodis in plants. It affects the
13. Which of the following reproduces by budding ? vitality of citrus trees, causing premature shedding of
(a) Amoeba (b) Paramoecium leaves and fruits.
(c) Yeast (d) Plasmodium 18. In some multicellular organisms, such as
RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-II) Rhizopus, mushrooms, and some bacteria,
Ans. (c) : Budding is a type of asexual reproduction(in Aspergillus, etc., reproduction takes place
Yeast and Hydra) in which a new organism develops through:
from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one (a) Regeneration (b) Spore
particular site. In budding, the parent organisms have a (c) Fertilization (d) Fission
protruding structure called bud.These buds develop into RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-II)
tiny individuals and, when fully mature, detach from the Ans : (b) In some multicellular organisms such as
parent body and become new independent individuals.
Rhizopus, mushrooms and some bacteria, Aspergillus,
14. In which of the following types of reproduction, etc., reproduction occurs through spores. Spores are
adult microorganisms separate from parent produced by bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants. The
body and become a new individual? parent organism produces several hundred microscopic
(a) Fission (b) Multiple fission spores that produce new plants under spore formation.
(c) Regeneration (d) Budding
19. Which among the following is a saprophytic
RRB Group-D 03-10-2018 (Shift-II)
fungus?
RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-III)
(a) Algae (b) Tapeworm
RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-III)
(c) Cuscuta (d) Penicillium
Ans. (d) : See the explanation of the above question.
RRB NTPC 03.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
15. Penicillium is a/an _______
Ans.(d) Penicillium is a saprophytic fungus. The fungi
(a) Virus (b) Fungi
that derive their food from the dead matter, are known
(c) Bacteria (d) Algae as the saprophytic fungi. Penicillium belongs to the
RRB NTPC 01.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist class Ascomycetes of the fungi. It produces a Penicillin
Ans. (b) Penicillin, derived from the Penicillium fungi molecule, that is used in making antibiotics. Cuscuta is
became the first mass-produced antibiotic in the 1940s. a parasitic plant. Algae and Fungi belong to Thallophyta
There are more than 300 species of Penicillium fungi- and their symbiotic relationship is known as Lichen.
organism found in everything from soil to cheese.
Tape worm belongs to Platyhelminthes
16. The fungus Puccinia graminis causes: 20. Yeast used in making bread:
(a) Red rot of sugarcane (a) acts as a catalyst for fermentation.
(b) Ringworm in human (b) does not help in the process of fermentation.
(c) Late blight of potato (c) makes it tasty.
(d) Black rust in wheat (d) acts as a preservative.
RRB NTPC 10.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Yeast is a unicellular saprophytic fungus. 27. Fungi, depend exclusively on insects for their
Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723) was the first to food are known as
see yeast cells. It is used to make acid, alcohol and (a) Saprotrophs (b) Parasitoid
bread by the process of fermentation . Fermentation is a (c) Worms (d) Entomopathogenic
biochemical reaction in which complex organic RRB JE 27.06.2019 (Shift-I)
compounds are decomposed into simple organic Ans. (d) Fungi, depend exclusively on insects for their
compounds with the help of micro-organisms. food are called entomopathogenic. Entomopatho-
Microbes(yeast) act as catalysts in fermentation. genic fungi are microorganisms that specifically infect
C6 H12 O6 
Zymase Enzyme
→ 2C 2 H 5 OH + 2CO 2 and often kill insects and other arthropods
Yeast
28. Which of the following regenerates through
(Carbohydrates) (Ethyl Alcohol)
budding?
21. Which one of these is a saprotroph? (a) Amoeba and Yeast (b) Yeast and Hydra
(a) Pigeon (b) Mushroom (c) Planaria and Yeast (d) Planaria and Hydra
(c) Man (d) Algae RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-I)
RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-I) Ans: (b) Yeast and Hydra regenerates through budding.
Ans : (b) Mushroom is a type of fungus. It is a 29. Unequal daughter cells are produced in …. .
saprotroph which cannot synthesize its own food due to (a) Sporulation (b) Fission
lack of chlorophyll. Its body is like thallus, mushroom (c) Budding (d) Fragmentation
cannot be differentiated into root, stem and leaf. Algae RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-III)
are placed under division Thallophyta. They are Ans. (c) : Unequal daughter cells are produced in
chlorophyll-bearing thalloid. budding. In budding, a new organism develops from an
22. The fungal cell wall is made of - outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular
(a) Hemi-cellulose (b) Cellulose site. These buds develop into tiny individuals and,
(c) Chitin (d) Lignin when fully mature, detach from the parent body and
RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-III) become new independent individuals, such as Hydra,
Ans : (c) The body of the fungus lacks root, stem and Yeast etc.
leaf. They lack chlorophyll and are heterotrophic. They are 30. Which of the following organisms are also
also saprotrophs, parasites or symbionts. The cell wall of known as 'bread mould'?
fungi is made of chitin, fungus cellulose or callose wall. (a) Rhizopus (b) Amoeba
23. The fungal cell wall is made up of tough (c) Plasmodium (d) Yeast
complex sugars, that is called ... ... . RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-III)
(a) Chitin (b) Lignin Ans : (a) Rhizopus and Mucor are fungi in which food is
(c) Pectin (d) Cellulose digested before ingestion. They are found in various types of
RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-III) organic matter like fruits, vegetables, jelly, bread, peanuts,
Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question. tobacco etc. They are also known as bread moulds.
24. Mushroom is a/an ………. 31. What is saprotrophic nutrition?
(a) Slime mould (b) Fungus (a) Organism depends on insects for nutrition
(c) Animal (d) Plant
(b) Organism depends on other animals and
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III)
shares nutrition
Ans. (b) Mushroom is a fungus.
(c) Organism depends on plants for nutrition
25. .......... is a multicellular organism-
(d) Organism takes from nutrition dead and
(a) Agaricus (b) Cyanobacteria
decaying matter
(c) Mycoplasma (d) Paramoecium
RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-I) RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Agaricus is a multicellular edible fungus. Ans.(d): The source of nutrition by which non-green
Cyanobacteria, Mycoplasma, are unicellular prokaryotic plants absorb nutrients from dead and decomposing
organisms. Paramecium is a unicellular eukaryote. matter is called saprophytic or saprotrophic nutrition.
26. Which of the following reproduce through Saprotrophs are organisms or plants that obtain their
spore formation? food from decaying matter and dead organic matter and
(a) Rhizopus (b) Bryophyllum plants, under this category mushrooms are included.
(c) Planaria (d) Hydra
RRB Group-D 10-12-2018 (Shift-III) (iii) Algae
RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) Rhizopus reproduce through spore formation. 32. In which of the following plants is the body
Like the class fungus, members of this class are NOT differentiated into roots, stems and
achlorophyllous. They have thalloid like body structure, leaves?
that is, there is no differentiation in their body tissues. In (a) Deodar (b) Fern
Hydra and Planaria, reproduction occurs through asexual (c) Chara (d) Marsilea
reproduction. RRB NTPC 14.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Plants whose body is not differentiated into
distinct roots, stems, leaves are called thallophytes
and plants with distinct roots, stems and leaves are
called Cormophytes, for example - Algae. Chara is a
genus of charophyte green algae in the family
Characeae and it is a thallophytic organism.
33. Which one of the following plants is not
classified in Thallophyta division?
(a) Chara (b) Riccia
(c) Ulva (d) Spirogyra
RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) Thallophyta– Plant body is thallus-like i.e.,
not differentiated into stem, leaves and roots.These
include lichens, algae, fungus, bacteria and slime
moulds and bryophytes. Chara, Ulva, Spirogyra, all
three are algae. Riccia is example of bryophytes.
34. The characteristic colour of marine Algae
depends on the pigments located in the plastids.
Which pigment leads to 'Green' colour of the
algae?
(a) Phycocyanin (b) Zeaxanthin
(c) Chlorophyll (d) Carotene
RRB NTPC 11.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Algae are usually leafless vascular tissueless,
autotrophic and cellulose wolled plants. Algae is an
aquatic plant that grows in the oceans. Chlorophyta or
green algae come in different sizes and shapes. Some
green algae are unicellular and microscopic chlorophyll
'A' and chlorophyll 'B' and some carotenoids are found
in green algae. The study of algae is called 'Phycology'.
35. The vast amount of sea weeds present in ocean
may produce an endless source of:
(a) Methane
(b) Ocean thermal energy
(c) Sea wave energy
(d) Nuclear energy
RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans : (a) Seaweed is the common name for countless
species of marine plants and algae that grow in the
ocean as well as in rivers, lakes, and other water
bodies.They are thallophytes. They are present in large
amounts in ocean and used as edible items. Scientists
have expressed the apprehension that the vast amount of
sea weeds present in ocean may produce an endless
source of methane..
36. ....... occurs in Spirogyra and Planaria.
(a) Fertilization
(b) Fission
(c) Regeneration
(d) Reproduction by ovule
RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (*) : In Spirogyra, asexual reproduction occurs by
fission, while asexual reproduction takes place in
Planaria through regeneration.
37. Lichen is related to .......... division.
(a) Bryophyta (b) Thallophyta
(c) Pteridophyta (d) Exudative BG
RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) Lichen belongs to the plant division
Thallophyta. Lichen is a group of low grade vegetation,
which are found grown on different types of grounds.
They are also called as indicators of air pollution. A
lichen is a symbiosis among different organisms like
fungus and algae. They do not have a well differentiated
body design.
38. Plants that do not have a well-differentiated
body design, fall in the ………… group.
(a) Bryophyta (b) Gymnosperms
(c) Pteridophyta (d) Thallophyta
RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (d) See the explanation of above question.
39. Algae belongs to which of the following
groups?
(a) Pteridophyta (b) Thallophyta
(c) Angiosperm (d) Bryophyta
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) : Algae belongs to Thallophyta which is the
largest group of plant species. Thallophytes are thalloid,
that is, the plant does not differentiated into root, stem
and leaf etc. Thallophyta is classified into two
subdivisions, Algae and Fungi. Algae are unicellular ,
multicellular and chlorophyll-bearing autotrophic and
largely aquatic plants. Fungi are achlorophyllous
heterotrophic thallophytes. Study of fungi is called
Mycology.
40. Which division among plants has the simplest
organism ?
(a) Pteridophyta (b) Thallophyta
(c) Bryophyta (d) Gymnosperms
RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) The division ‘Thallophyta’ of plant kingdom
has the simplest organisms.The division Thallophyta
has the simplest entities as their body design is simple,
they do not possess a body-specific design. This
division includes bacteria, algae, fungi, lichens. The
bodies of these entities are undifferentiated lacking the
presence of any vascular system to transport mineral
salts or water nor do they possess true roots.
Thallophytes are typically found in wet regions. These
are mostly autotrophic in nature.
41. Which of the following is commonly known as
red algae?
(a) Chrysophyceae (b) Rhodophyceae
(c) Phaeophyceae (d) Chlorophycean
Ans. (b) : The members of the rhodophyceae are
commonly known as red algae.
42. The plants in ................ group commonly called
algae.
(a) Gymnosperm (b) Thallophyta
(c) Pteridophyta (d) Bryophyta
RRB Group-D 04-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) The plants in Thallophyta group commonly
called algae. These include lichens, algae, fungus,
bacteria and slime moulds and bryophytes. Sex organs
are simple, single-celled, there is no embryo formation
after fertilization.
43. Fill in the blank with the most appropriate 48. Which of the following shows a symbiotic
option. relationship?
Plants that do not have differentiated plant (a) Lichen (b) Ulothrix
body belong to the group ……….. . (c) Marsilea (d) Funaria
(a) Phanerogams (b) Thallophyta
RRB NTPC 28.12.2020 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
(c) Pteridophyta (d) Bryophyta
RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-I) Ans. (a) Lichen is made with the help of both algae and
Ans : (b) Plants that do not have differentiated plant fungus. The fungus provides water, mineral salt and
body belong to the group Thallophyta. These are the vitamins to algae and algae with the process of
lowermost plants of the plant kingdom, without a well- photosynthesis gives carbohydrate to fungus. This kind
differentiated body design. This means that the plant of symbiosis between fungus and algae is called
body is not differentiated as roots, stem, and leaves. helotism.
Sex organs are simple, single-celled, there is no embryo 49. Lichen is an organism which monitors:
formation after fertilization. They have hidden (a) Soil pollution (b) Air pollution
reprodution, that is why, they are classified as (c) Gas pollution (d) Water pollution
cryptogams.They are commonly called algae, are
permanently aquatic. RRB NTPC 28.12.2020 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
44. Which of the following is a non-vascular plant? Ans.(b) Lichens are well known as sensitive indicators
(a) Chara (b) Marsilea of air pollution, particularly for sulphur dioxide.
(c) Cedar (d) Fern 50. In which of the following is the plant body not
RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-I) differentiated into root, stem and leaves?
Ans. (a) Chara is a non-vascular plant,i.e., xylem and (a) Fern (b) Marsilea
phloem are absent in it. Chara is a fresh water, green (c) Spirogyra (d) Thuja
alga found submerged in shallow water ponds, tanks, RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-I)
lakes and slow running water. Marsilea and fern belong
to group Pteridophytes, in which both xylem and RRB NTPC 08.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
phloem are found. Vascular tissues are present in it. Ans. (c) Spirogyras are filamentous algae that consist of
Cedar is an angiospermic plant. thin unbranched chains of cylindrical cells while the
45. Plant group which do not have roots, stem and other three are differentiated into roots, stems, and
leaves are known as ––––––––––––– leaves. Spirogyras can form masses that float near the
(a) Rhizoid (b) Capsule surface of streams and ponds. Spirogyra is also known
(c) Thallus (d) Bryophyta as water silk and pond silk.
RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-III) 51. Algae are the most primitive plants and are
Ans. (c) : Plant group which do not have roots, stem found exclusively in –––––.
and leaves are known as thallus. (a) Mud (b) Air
46. What is the chemical generally used for (c) Water (d) Sand
controlling algae? RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-II)
(a) Alum (b) Bleaching powder Ans. (c) : Algae are most primitive plants and are found
(c) Lime (d) Copper exclusively in water or moist places.
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III) 52. Which of the following is a unicellular green
Ans. (d) Copper containing chemicals are generally algae?
used for controlling algae. (a) Chara (b) Ulothrix
47. Which of the following shows symbiotic (c) Spirogyra (d) Chlamydomonas
relationship? RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-III)
(a) Diatom (b) Anabaena Ans. (d) : Chlamydomonas is a genus of unicellular
(c) Spirogyra (d) Lichen chlorophyte green algae of the class Chlorophyceae
Ans. (d) Lichen shows symbiotic relationship. The body .Volvox is a polyphyletic genus of chlorophyte green
of lichen is made up of two organisms, which are algae algae which forms spherical colonies of numerous cells.
and fungi, respectively. Some people compare lichen to a Spirogyra is chlorophyllous algae that synthesize its
consortium in which photobiont is attached to mycobiont. food by photosynthesis.
This type of relationship gives mutual benefit to both and
this type of life is called symbiotic relationship. The (iv) Bryophyta
lichen symbiosis is thought to be a mutualism, as both the
fungi and the photosynthetic partners, called as 53. Plants having no vascular system are known
photobionts, get benefit. The algal component as:
photosynthesize and provide food for the fungus while (a) Pteridophytes (b) Bryophytes
the fungal component provide protection from the (c) Tracheophytes (d) Gametophytes
environment by its filament. RRB NTPC 12.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) : Non-vascular plants, or Bryophytes, include
the most primitive forms of land vegetation. These
plants lack the vascular tissue system needed for
transporting water and nutrients. Vascular tissue
consists of vessels called xylem and phloem. It is
significant that, bryophyta is a group of the simplest
land plant which are considered to have evolved from
green algae. Example of bryophytes:- Riccia,
Marchantia, Anthoceros, Sphagnum, Pellia,
Polytrichum, Funaria.
54. ...........plants are called amphibians of the plant
kingdom.
(a) Bryophyta (b) Pteridophyta
(c) Angiosperms (d) Thalcophyta
RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) Bryophytes are called amphibians of the plant
kingdom because these plants live in soil but they need
water for asexual reproduction. They are mostly found
on marshy and wetlands where they can adapt to
survive with both water nutrients and soil nutrients.
Vascular system is absent in bryophytes. Ex. Riccia,
Funaria, Liverwort, Hornwort, Anthoceros etc.
55. Amphibian plants are placed in which of the
following groups?
(a) Pteridophyta (b) Gymnosperm
(c) Bryophyta (d) Thallophyta
RRB ALP & Tec. (14-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans : (c): See the explanation of the above question.
56. Bryophyte is related with which kind of
vegetation?
(a) Cladophora (b) Devdar
(c) Marchantia (d) Water clover
RRB NTPC 29.12.2020 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) : Bryophytes exist in a wide variety of habitats.
They can be found growing in a range of temperatures,
elevations and moisture. Marchantia is a Bryophyta.
These are simple plants without roots or vascular
systems.
57. Which of the following plants is not a
thallophyte?
(a) Ulothrix (b) Chara
(c) Funaria (d) Ulva
RRB NTPC 08.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Funaria is a Bryophyta. The Bryophyta are
those plants which do not have rudimentary root-like
organs and vascular tissues. Thallophyta are those
plants which do not have any roots, stems, or leaves.
Ulothrix, Spirogyra, Ulva, and Chara are thallophyta.
58. Which of the following is not a bryophyte?
(a) Marchantia (b) Riccia
(c) Funaria (d) Chara
RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) Chara is green algae of class Chlorophyceae.
Bryophyta is a large class of plant kingdom. All those
plants do not have true vascular system, belong to class
Bryophyta. Bryophytes include the various mosses and
liverworts and hornworts, that are found commonly
growing in moist shaded areas in the hills.
59. Which of the following is false about rhizoids?
(a) They are similar in structure and function to
the root hair of vascular land plant.
(b) They are protuberances that extend from
lower epidermal cells of bryophytes.
(c) They have well- defined stems, root and
leaves.
(d) They are multicellular composed of multiple
tissues.
RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) : Rhizoids are protuberances that extend from
lower epidermal cells of bryophytes. They are similar
in structure and function to the root hair of vascular
land plant and they are unicellular or multicellular
composed of multiple tissues. They do not have well-
defined stems, root and leaves.
60. The protrusion extends from the lower
epidermal cells of the bryophytes is called
…………. .
(a) Rhizoid (b) Thallus
(c) Seta (d) Capsule
RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question.
61. Which of the following is true for rhizoid?
(a) They have well- developed stem, root and
leaves.
(b) They are multicellular composed of multiple
tissues.
(c) They are attached to the substrate with help of
plants.
(d) They usually have one capsule and five arms.
RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) Rhizoid is the major feature of Bryophytes.
The main plant body of the bryophyte is haploid. It
produces gametes, hence, is called a gametophyte.The
plant body of bryophytes is more differentiated than that
of algae. It is thallus-like and prostrate or erect, and
attached to the substratum by unicellular or
multicellular rhizoids. They lack true roots, stem or
leaves. Rhizoids are formed by single cells, unlike
roots.
62. Which of the following plants is included in the
class Bryophyta?
(a) Ulothrix (b) Cladophora
(c) Riccia (d) Marsilea
RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Riccia belongs to Bryophyta. They are mostly
found on marshy and wetlands , rocks etc. whereas
Ulothrix and Cladophora belong to class Algae and
Marsilea is Pteridophyte.
63. Riccia belongs to which of the following class?
(a) Bryophyta (b) Thallophyta
(c) Angiosperm (d) Pteridophyta
RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question.
 Ans : (b) : Chlorophyllous and cryptogams plants
(v) Pteridophyta belong to class Pteridophyta, i.e, pteridophytes are
flowerless and seedless vascular plants. The
64. –––––– are seedless vascular plants, that share pteridophytes are found in cool, damp, shady places
a unique life cycle with independent though some may flourish well in sandy-soil conditions.
gametophyta and sporophyta phases are Examples- Fern, Lycopodium etc.
usually discussed together due to common 70. Which of the following plant body is
features including vascular plants. differentiated into roots, stem and leaves?
(a) Gymnosperm (b) Pteridophyta (a) Marchantia (b) Marsilea
(c) Bryophyte (d) Angiosperm (c) Funaria (d) Chara
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-III)
RRB Group-D 11-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) : Pteridophyta are seedless vascular plants,
that share a unique life cycle with independent Ans : (b) Marsilea is a plant of class Pteridophyta.
gametophyta and sporophyta stages are commonly Their body is differentiated into root, stem and leaves.
discussed together due to common features including In Marsilea, vascular tissue is also found for the
vascular plants. transport of water and other substances from one part of
the body to another. These plants have hidden
65. Which of the following plants has specialized
reproduction and do not have the ability to produce
tissue for the conduction of water and other
substances from one part of the plant body to seeds, hence they are called cryptogams.
another? 71. Which of the following plants do not belong to
(a) Chara (b) Moss the Thallophyta group?
(c) Riccia (d) Marsilea (a) Cladophora (b) Chara
RRB NTPC 07.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist (c) Ulothrix (d) Marsilea
Ans. (d) Marsilea has specialized tissues for the RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-I)
conduction of water and other substances from one part Ans. (d): See the explanation of the above question.
of the plant body to another. Marsilea consist of rooted,
72. Which one of the following plants does not
aquatic herbs with emergent leaves. belong to class Thallophyta?
66. Pteridophyta do not possess………. . (a) Cladophora (b) Ulothrix
(a) Leaves (b) Flowers (c) Chara (d) Marsilea
(c) Roots (d) Stem RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-II)
RRB Group-D 25-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (d) Cladophora, Ulothrix, Chara belong to class
Ans : (b) Pteridophyta do not possess flowers, but Thallophyta. The entire body of thallophytes is like a
they have true roots. Most plants also have well-defined
thallus in which complete biological functions are
leaves. Their tissues develop more than the tissue of
carried out whereas Marsilea is a pteridophyte which is
moss.The Pteridophytes include horsetails and ferns.
differentiated into root, stem, leaves.
67. ……… are not found in plants of class
Pteridophyta. 73. Which of the following plants have hidden
(a) Leaves (b) Flowers reproductive organ?
(c) Root (d) Stem (a) Marsilea (b) Pinus
RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-III) (c) Ipomoea (d) Cedar
Ans : (b) See the explanation of the above question. RRB Group-D 15-11-2018 (Shift-II)
68. ............ were the first terrestrial plants to Ans : (a) Marsilea is a vascular pteridophyte. A
possess vascular tissues. cryptogam is a plant that reproduces by spores, without
(a) Bryophyte (b) Thallophyta flowers or seeds which means that their means of
(c) Algae (d) Pteridophyta reproduction are hidden. Cedar and Pinus are
gymnospermic plants that reproduces by means of an
RRB Group-D 01-11-2018 (Shift-II)
exposed seed, or ovule. Ipomoea is an angiospermic
Ans : (d) Evolutionarily, Pteridophytes were the first plant whose seeds are enclosed by mature ovaries or
terrestrial plants to possess vascular tissues – xylem and
fruits.
phloem. In Pteridophyta, vascuar tissue is well defined
but they lack vessels in the xylem and companion cells
in the phloem. Vascular tissue does not develop in (vi) Gymnosperm
Bryophyta and Thallophyta, i.e, xylem and phloem are
not present. Algae and fungi belong toThallophyta. 74. Which of the following plant groups bear
69. Pteridophytes are ……….. naked seeds?
(a) Seed of non-penetration (a) Gymnosperms (b) Angiosperms
(b) Seedless vascular plants (c) Pteridophytes (d) Thallophytes
(c) Seed vascular plants RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-III)
(d) Seed of progeny. RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-I)
RRB Group-D 31-10-2018 (Shift-III) RRB NTPC 13.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(a) The seeds in Gymnosperm are without sheath.
It lacks ovaries. This plant is evergreen, woody and tall.
They are dioecious in nature, in which the stomata are
embedded in the leaf and epidermis is covered with a
layer of cuticles. Coniferous plants have been kept
under this, such as pine and spruce etc.
75. Which of the following plants bears naked
seeds?
(a) Chara (b) Funaria
(c) Marsilea (d) Deodar
RRB Group-D 24-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) Deodar plant bears naked seeds. Scientific
name of deodar is Cedrus deodara.The gymnosperms
are plants in which the ovules are not enclosed by any
ovary wall and remain exposed, both before and after
fertilisation. The seeds that develop post-fertilisation,
are not covered, i.e., are naked. Other examples of
gymnosperms are Sequoia, Pinus ,Cycas etc.
76. Which of the following plants belong to
gymnosperms?
(a) Chara (b) Moss
(c) Marsilea (d) Devdar
RRB NTPC 02.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
77. ……… has naked seeds.
(a) Pinus (b) Lemon
(c) Carrot (d) Wheat
RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans : (a) Pinus has naked seeds. The gymnosperms are
plants in which the ovules are not enclosed by any
ovary wall and remain exposed, both before and after
fertilisation. The seeds that develop post-fertilisation,
are not covered, i.e., are naked. Examples of
gymnosperms are Sequoia, Pinus, Cycas, Cedar,
Ginkgo etc. Lemon, carrot and wheat are examples of
angiosperms.
78. Ephedra plant is classified under_____.
(a) Bryophytes (b) Angiosperm
(c) Gymnosperm (d) Pteridophytes
RRB NTPC 01.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Ephedra is a genus of gymnosperm shrubs. The
various species of Ephedra are widespread in many arid
regions of the world. The genus Ephedra was first
described in 1753 by Carolus Linnaeus.
79. Gymnosperms are commonly referred to as ––
– type seeds, because they do not produce
flower, and their seeds develop on the surface
of the reproductive structures of plants rather
than enclosed by any ovary wall.
(a) Naked
(b) Correct trait
(c) Non-motile male gametes
(d) Winged
RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) Gymnosperms are commonly referred to as
naked type seeds, because they do not produce flower,
and their seeds develop on the surface of the
reproductive structures of plants rather than enclosed by
any ovary wall. Ex: Ginkgo biloba and Sequoia
80. Which of the following is gymnosperm?
(a) Moss (b) Pine
(c) Mango (d) Fern
RRB Group-D 10-12-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) : The largest example of Gymnosperms is
coniferous trees, includes pine and cedar.
81. Which of the following is the tallest tree in the
world?
(a) Redwood (b) Pine
(c) Spruce (d) Cedar
RRB NTPC 11.01.12021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(d) Redwood is the tallest tree in the world. This
tree is situated in Redwood National Park (California).
It was discovered in 2006.
Cedar is an example of an evergreen tree. Pines are
coniferous trees of the genus Pinus in the family of
Pinaceae. It is found in temperate and tropical cold
regions. Spruce tree is the companion of the cedar. It is
an evergreen coniferous tree.
82. Plants with well differentiated reproductive
tissues, which eventually form seeds, are called:
(a) Thallophyta (b) Pteridophyta
(c) Phanerogam (d) Cryptogam
RRB Group-D 26-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) Plants in which reproductive tissues are well-
developed and differentiated and produce seeds after
reproduction process are called phanerogams: such as
gymnosperms and angiosperms.
83. Vessels are the major water conducting cells in
(a) Bryophyta (b) Thallophyta
(c) Fungi (d) Angiosperms
RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d) : Vessels are the major water conducting cells
in Angiosperm plants. Well-developed vascular tissues
are found in Angiosperm plants. The main function of
xylem is to transport mineral salts and water absorbed
by the roots to the leaves of plants. Four major types of
cells are found in xylem: (1) Tracheids (2) Vessels (3)
Xylem fibers (4) Xylem parenchyma.
(vii) Angiosperm
84. In which of the following plant groups does the
seeds develop inside an ovary which then
ripens to become a fruit?
(a) Pteridophyta (b) Gymnosperms
(c) Thallophyta (d) Angiosperms
RRB NTPC 31.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Pteridophyta is a division of the plant
kingdom, comprising the vascular cryptogams. They are
flowerless plants exhibiting an alternation of two
distinct and dissimilar generations. The first is a non-
sexual, spore-bearing, sporophyte generation. In
gymnosperms (conifers and allies) the ovules lie
uncovered on the scales of the cone. In angiosperms
(flowering plants), one or more ovules are enclosed by
the ovary, which develops into the fruit
85. Butea monosperma is the botanical name of Ans : (c) : The arrangement and distribution of veins
which plant that is native to the Indian and veinlets in the leaf lamina is called venation. There
subcontinent? are two main types of venation: Reticulate and Parallel.
(a) Shirish (b) Neem In reticulate venation the veins are irregularly
(c) Palash (d) Peepal distributed to form a network. It is a characteristic
RRB NTPC 28.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist feature of the dicotyledons. Parallel venation is
Ans. (c) Butea monosperma is the botanical name of characteristics of monocot plants. In this type, the veins
Palash plant that is native to the Indian subcontinent. are parallel and do not form a network.
Plant Name Botanical name 91. Which of the following is not a feature of
Shirish Albizia lebbeck dicotyledonous plants?
Neem Azadirachta indica. (a) Reticular vein (b) Fibrous root
Peepal Ficus religiosa. (c) Main root (b) Two cotyledons
Basil Ocimum tenuiflorum RRB Group-D 22-09-2018 (Shift-I)
86. Pollination is characteristic of plants of group: Ans : (b) Such plants, which seeds have two
…….. cotyledons, are called dicotyledonous plant , i.e , they
(a) Pteridophyte (b) Cross fertilization can be divided into two equal cotyledons. Ex :
(c) Angiosperm (d) Bryophyte Sunflower, Mango etc. Dicots have flowers arranged in
RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-I) whorls, two cotyledons, and a vein arrangement that
RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-I)
forms networks within their leaves. Dicotyledonous
Ans. (c) : Pollination is characteristic of plants of group plants lack fibrous roots. Fibrous root is a characteristic
Angiosperm. Angiosperm plants are known as
of monocot plant.
flowering plants. Enclosed seed means such a group of
plants in which the spore or seed is enclosed by ovary 92. . . . . . . . . . is a monocot.
wall. The Australian Eucalyptus is the longest (a) Fern (b) Spirogyra
angiospermic plant in the world. The plant is (c) Ipomoea (d) Paphiopedilum
sporophyte, which is divided into roots, stems and RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-II)
leaves, and pollination occurs through various means. Ans : (d) Paphiopedilum is an example of monocot
The tissue system in plants is well- developed in plant. This plant found in the eastern Himalayas and
angiosperms. Assam at an altitude of 1300 to 2200 meters. It is a very
87. The reproductive parts of angiosperms are beautiful plant that grows on the soil and grows in the
located in ………. moist soil of the river banks in the forests. This flower
(a) Flowers (b) Leaves is attractive, colourfull blooms and has ability to
(c) Root (d) Stem remain fresh for several weeks. They are popularly
RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-I) called Lady's slippers because of the presence of a
Ans : (a) The reproductive organ of angiospermic highly modified pouch-like labellum, which looks
plants is located in the flower. In these, double similar to a lady's slipper. All species flowers of
fertilization is visible. They are found as soil borne, Paphiopedilum are often called "slipper orchids"
parasitic, symbiotic, insectivorous and autotroph. The because of their unique pouch. Monocot plants are
vascular system is well-developed. These are usually marked by seeds with a single cotyledon.
terrestrial plants.
93. Brassica Campestris is the botanical name of
88. Double fertilization is a property of …………. which plant?
(a) Gymnosperm (b) Bryophyte
(a) Corn (b) Common wheat
(c) Angiosperm (d) Monocot
(c) Buckwheat (d) Field mustard
RRB JE 28.06.2019 (Shift-III)
RRB NTPC 27.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Double fertilization is a property of
angiosperm. Ans.(d) The common name of Brassica campestris is
mustard. The first part denotes the genus of the plant
89. The angiosperm plants in which seeds contain while the second denotes the species. Some botanical
two dicotyledons are called:
plants are as follows:
(a) Maize (b) Paphiopedilum
1) Corn (Zea mays)
(c) Grass (d) Dicot plant
2) Common wheat (Triticum aestivum)
RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-III)
3) Buck wheat (Fagopyrum esculentum)
Ans : (d) The angiosperm plants in which seeds contain
two dicotyledons are called dicotyledonous plants like 94. The reproductive parts of …………… are
gram, pea, bean, mustard etc. located in the flower.
90. The leaves of angiospermic plants have …… (a) Bryophyta (b) Pteridophyta
type venation. (c) Thallophyta (d) Angiosperm
(a) Four (b) Three RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-II)
(c) Two (d) Six Ans : (d) The reproductive parts of angiosperm are
RRB Group-D 29-10-2018 (Shift-III) located in the flower.
95. Botanical name of Banyan tree is: Ans. (d) : Mimosa pudica also referred to as touch me
(a) Ficus benghalensis not, live and die shame, plant and humble plant is a
(b) Ocimum tenuiflorum prostrate of tropical America and Australia, also found
(c) Azadirachta indica in India heavily armed with recurved thorns and having
(d) Ficus religiosa sensitive soft gresy green leaflets that fold and droop at
RRB NTPC 30.12.2020 (Shift-II) Stage Ist night.
Ans.(a) Botanical name of Banyan tree is Ficus 101. ______ is a plant which grows in the forest and
benghalensis. Some trees with their names are as has stinging hair on its leaves which cause
follow: painful stings when touched accidentally.
Botanical name Vegetation (a) Nettle (b) Pigweed
• Ocimum tenuiflorum- Holy Basil (c) Clovers (d) Miner's Lettuce
• Azadirachta indica –Neem RRB NTPC 17.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
• Ficus religiosa- Peepal Ans. (a) Nettle is a herbaceous plant that grows in the
96. In which of the following plant group seeds are wild. Its leaves have stinging hair, which causes painful
present inside the fruit? stings when touched accidentally. This is due to the
methanoic acid secreted by them. Urtica dioica is a
(a) Angiosperms (b) Pteridophyta
scientific name of the stinging nettle.
(c) Gymnosperms (d) Bryophytes
102. What is the scientific name of the fruit
RRB NTPC 04.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
'mango'?
Ans. (a) : Angiosperms are plant groups with their seeds (a) Solanum tuberosum
present inside the fruit. They also comprise the vast
(b) Musa paradisicum
majority of all plant foods we eat, including grains,
beans, fruits, vegetables and most nuts, flower. (c) Mangifera indica
(d) Pyrus malus
97. The reproductive organs of angiosperms are
located in …….. . RRB NTPC 08.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
(a) Stem (b) Root Ans. (c) Mangifera indica is the scientific name of the
(c) Flower (d) Leaves fruit 'mango'. Other fruits and their scientific names are
as follow:
RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Common Name Scientific Name
Ans : (c) The angiosperms are vascular seed plants in Banana Musa paradisicum
which the ovule (egg) is fertilized and develops into a
seed in an enclosed hollow ovary. The ovary itself is Apple Malus pumila
usually enclosed in a flower, that part of the Potato Solanum tuberosum
angiospermous plant that contains the male or female Pomegranate Punica granatum
reproductive organs or both. Herb, shrubs and trees- all Sweet Potato Ipomoea batatas
three are included in angiosperms. Guava Psidium guajava
98. .......... is a dicot plant. Onion Allium cepa
(a) Paphiopedilum (b) Cedar Pea Pisum sativam
(c) Ipomoea (d) Cycus Tulsi Ocimum sanctum
RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-III) 103. Which of the following plants has lost the
Ans :(c) Ipomoea is a dicot plant. It is a perennial plant capacity to produce seeds?
of family Convolvulaceae . It is a flowering plant, forms (a) Watermelon (b) Mustard
roots as it trails along the ground. The edible roots are (c) Mango (d) Jasmine
enlarged for food storage. Its leaves are oval to lobed, RRB Group-D 23-10-2018 (Shift-II)
and the 5-cm (2-inch) flowers are pink to rose violet. Ans. (d) : The plants which lost the capacity of
99. ............. is a monocot plant. forming seeds are Rose , banana and jasmine etc. but
(a) Rose (b) Daisy not only these plants have lost this capacity but the
(c) Garlic (d) Carrot plants which have grown from vegetative propagation
RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-I) continuously have lost the capacity to produce seeds.
Ans : (c) : Monocot plants are marked by seeds with a Jasmine is a genus of shrubs and vines in the olive
single cotyledon, parallel-veined leaves, scattered family Oleaceae.
vascular bundles in the stem, the absence of a typical
cambium, and an adventitious root system. In contrast, 104. What is the scientific name of green pea?
seeds of dicotyledonous plants have two cotyledons (a) Pisum sativum (b) Pisum savitum
Garlic, wheat, paddy, etc. belong to monocot plants. (c) Triticum aestivum (d) Zea mays
100. What is the scientific name of the 'Touch-Me- RRB NTPC 03.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Not' plant? Ans.(a) The scientific name of green pea in Pisum
(a) Mimosa townsendii (b) Mimosa verrucosa sativum. It is also called garden pea.The scientific name
(c) Mimosa loxensis (d) Mimosa pudica of wheat is Triticum aestivum.The scientific name of
RRB NTPC 09.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist maize is Zea mays.
105. Which one of the following is addressed as 2. Which part of seeds forms root on
"Alfalfa"? germination?
(a) Sativa (b) Memel (a) Cotyledon (b) Radicle
(c) Fish (d) Fossils (c) Plumule (d) Epicotyl
RRB NTPC 08.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB NTPC 08.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) : Alfalfa is a perennial flowering plant in the Ans. (b) Radicle forms root on germination. The
legume family. It is used for grazing, hay and silage as primary root or radicle is the first part to appear when a
well as a green manure and cover crop. The USA is the seed germinates. It grows downward into the soil.
main producer of Alfalfa. The scientific name of Alfalfa
is Medicago sativa. 3. Vegetative parts of a plant are .....
(a) Root, stem and leaves
106. What is the scientific name of the fruit mango?
(b) Root, leaves and flowers
(a) Mangus indicus (b) Mangus indica
(c) Root, stem and flower
(c) Mangana indica (d) Mangifera indica
(d) Leaves, stem and flower
RRB NTPC 16.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
RRB Group-D 28-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) : Scienific name of mango is Mangifera indica.
Ans : (a) Root, stem and leaves are vegetative parts of
107. What is the botanical name of common wheat?
a plant. Such as potato plant, ginger plant etc.
(a) Hibiscus Rosa sinensis
(b) Triticum aestivum
(c) Zea Mays (ii) Stem
(d) Brassica campestris
RRB NTPC 20.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 4. Ginger, a rhizome used as cooking and
Ans (b) Some common names with their scientific flavoring agent, is an ……
names:- (a) Underground stem (b) Underground root
Common Name Scientific Name (c) Aerial stem (d) Aerial root
Wheat Triticum aestivum RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Gram Cicer arietinum Ans : (a) Ginger, turmeric, potatoes are examples of
Mustard Brassica campestris underground stems.
Pea Pisum sativum 5. Which part of the potato plant do we eat?
Gudhal Hibiscus Rosa sinensis (a) Root (b) Seed
108. What plant has scientific name ‘Solanum (c) Flower (d) Stem
tuberosum’? RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
(a) Potato (b) Tomato
Ans. (d) : The stem part of the potato plant is used as a
(c) Pumpkin (d) Onion
vegetable. Potato production is highest in China, India
RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
is at the second place in potato production. Potatoes
Ans : (a) The scientific name of potato is Solanum
contain vitamin C, B complex and iron ,calcium,
tuberosum. Potato is a vegetable. In botanical terms, it
manganese, phosphorus elements.
is a stem tuber. Its origin place is Peru in South
America. The botanical name of tomato is Solanum
lycopersicum. The scientific name of onion is Allium (iii) Leaf
cepa. The scientific name of pumpkin is Cucurbita
maxima. 6. Select wrong statement in the following:
The upper and lower layer of cells in the leaves...
13. Plant Morphology (a) protect internal parts.
(b) control the amount of water.
(i) Root (c) synthesize food.
(d) exchange gases.
1. What is the long hair-like part in root cells RRB Group-D 26-11-2018 (Shift-III)
called? Ans.(c) : The upper and lower layer of cells in the
(a) Root Nails (b) Root Hair leaves are generally waxy cuticle to protect the leaf and
(c) Root villi (d) Root tracheids prevent water loss. The presence of the cuticle limits
RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-III) water loss, but also inhibits absorption of carbon
Ans. (b) : The part of the plant which is hidden under dioxide and excretion of oxygen. These functions are
the soil is called root. The long hair-like part of the root served by stomata which regulate water loss, O2 release
cells is called root hair. Roots bind soil particles and CO2 intake. In most leaves, stomata are more
together, and keep the plant stable in the ground. It abundant in the lower epidermis, limiting water loss due
absorbs the mineral salts required for the nutrition of the to direct sunlight. The synthesis of food takes place
plant from the ground and carries it to different parts of through chlorophyll that are found in the leaves and
the plant. pneumatic parts of plants.
7. Which part of the plant contributes to the
exchange of gases?
(a) Stem (b) Root
(c) Buds (d) Leaves
RRB Group-D 13-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d) The gaseous exchange of oxygen and carbon
dioxide in the leaf (as well as the loss of water vapor in
transpiration) occurs through pores called stomata
through diffusion.The oxygen enters from atmosphere
into plants through stomata, lenticels and intercellular
spaces on hard barks of woody stems in old plants.
Roots take oxygen from air spaces present in soil.
8. In plants, gases are exchanged through …….
(a) Stomata (b) Collenchyma
(c) Sclerenchyma (d) Parenchyma
RRB Group-D 28-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) See the explanation of the above question.
9. The stomata are located in :
(a) Red blood cells (b) Chlorophyll
(c) Stomach (d) Leaves
RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-08, Green paper)
Ans : (d) The stomata are mainly located in the leaves.
Stomata are tiny openings or pores in plant tissue that
allow for gas exchange. Apart from evaporation of
water vapor in the transpiration, oxygen and carbon
dioxide are also exchanged through stomata present in
the leaves. Transpiration is the biological process by
which water is lost in the form of water vapour from the
aerial parts of the plants.
(iv) Flower
10. Small bead-like structures inside the ovary of
flowers is called
(a) Sepals (b) Stamen
(c) Ovules (d) Petals
RRB NTPC 05.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Ovules are small bead-like structures inside the
ovary of the female flowers plant. It develops into a
seed when fertilized. Ovules are structures that give rise
to and contain the female reproductive cells while
stamen are the pollen producing part of a flower,
usually with a slender filament supporting the anther.
11. Which of the following is called the female
reproductive part of a flower?
(a) Monoaceum (b) Zeissium
(c) Zyngong (d) Stamens
RPF SI 12.01.2019 (Shift - III)
Ans. (c) : The female reproductive part of the flower is
pistil (Zyngong) that consists of stigma, style and ovary.
The pistil is located in the center of the flower. The
stigma is the sticky knob at the top of the pistil. It is
attached to the long, tubelike structure called the style.
12. The petiole is a part of a/an ______.
(a) Bird (b) Human being
(c) Tree (d) Animal
RRB NTPC 02.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) In botany, the petiole is the stalk that attaches
the leaf blade to the stem, and is able to twist the leaf to
face the Sun.
13. ......... is a female reproductive organ of the
flower.
(a) Petals (b) Stamens
(c) Calyx (d) Pistil
RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) The pistil, also called carpel , is a female
reproductive organ of the flower. Pistils are typically
located in the center of the flower and are surrounded
by petals, sepals and stamens. Some flowers have one
simple pistil, while others have more than five pistils.
Flower pistils consist of three parts: the ovary, the style
and the stigma.
14. ............ is not a part of carpel.
(a) Stigma (b) Ovary
(c) Stamen (d) Style
RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) See the explanation of the above question.
15. ............. are parts of the stamen.
(a) Anther and ovary
(b) Anther and stalk
(c) Anther and stigma
(d) Anther and style
RRB Group-D 06-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) Flowers are the reproductive part of a
plant.The four main parts of a flower are the petals,
sepals, stamen, and carpel. Stamen and carpel are true
reproductive part of flower. Stamen is male
reproductive part of a flower. In all but a few extant
angiosperms, the stamen consists of a long slender stalk.
Pistil is the innermost part and the female reproductive
organ of a flower which comprises three parts -stigma,
style and ovary. This is collectively known as the pistil.
16. The pistil in the flower is ............ .
(a) Bisexual
(b) A female reproductive part
(c) Unisexual
(d) A male reproductive part
RRB NTPC 04.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(b) Pistil is the female reproductive part of a
flower. The pistil centrally located consists of a swollen
base, the ovary which contains the potential seeds.
17. ……… is a unisexual flower.
(a) Papaya (b) Mustard
(c) Hibiscus (d) Sunflower
RRB Group-D 29-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) Papaya is a unisexual flower. Its botanical
name is Carica papaya. Papaya is dioecious, that is
unisexual, for male and female flowers are borne by
separate plants.The main difference between unisexual
and bisexual flowers is that unisexual flowers contain
male and female reproductive organs in separate
flowers whereas bisexual flowers contain both male and
female reproductive organs in the same flower such as
mustard, cotton, okra etc.
18. ....... is known as hermaphrodite flower. Plant Family Flower
(a) Papaya (b) Watermelon Mustard Brassicaceae bisexual
(c) Cucumber (d) Mustard Watermelon Cucurbitaceae unisexual
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-I) Cucumber Cucurbitaceae unisexual
RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-II) Papaya Caricaceae unisexual
Ans : (d) Mustard is hermaphrodite flower. Some 23. ………., present in the centre of the flower,
plants are hermaphrodites. In their reproductive organs, forms female reproductive system.
flowers, there are both male and female reproductive (a) Petals (b) Sepals
systems. The pollen, or male gamete is released from a (c) Carpel (d) Stamen
stamen. The female part, stigma, is a long tube that RRB ALP & Tec. (31-08-18 Shift-I)
leads to ovules containing eggs. The pollen must make RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-I)
its way from the stamen to the stigma. Ans : (c) Flowers are a characteristic feature in
angiosperm plants. An complete flower has four
19. The male reproductive parts of the flower are
parts,i.e, calyx, corolla, androecium, and gynoecium
called ………….
respectively. Gynoeceium is the female reproductive
(a) Carpel (b) Stamen organ of a flower. It is present in the middle of the
(c) Petals (d) Sepals flower, carpel is unit of it.
RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-III) Flower Part Unit
Ans : (b) The male reproductive part of a flower is Calyx – Sepal
referred to as the stamen and consists of the filament Corolla – Petal
and the anther. The filament is a stalk-like structure that Androecium – Stamen
attaches to the base of the flower and supports the Gynoecium – Carpel
anther, which is the structure that produces pollen.The 24. The reproduction parts of a flower are:
main function of the stamen is to produce the pollen (a) Stamens and carpels
grains, which house male gametes, or sex cells, (b) Calyx and carpels
necessary for reproduction. The pollen sac of the (c) Calyx and corolla
stamens produce pollen and keep them within (d) Corolla and stamens
themselves. Male gametes of the plant are found in RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-I)
pollen grains. A flower has many stamens. Ans : (a) The stamens and carpels are the reproductive
20. Flower parts are arranged on the floral axis , part of a flower. The androecium and gynoecium are
that is known as ? called the actual reproductive organs of the flower. The
(a) Sepals (b) Inflorescence third whorl contains the male reproductive structures
(c) Placenta (d) Oviduct and is known as the androecium. The androecium has
RRB Group-D 11-12-2018 (Shift-II) stamens with anthers that contain the microsporangia.
Ans. (b) The inflorescence is defined as the The fourth whorl and innermost group of structures in
arrangement of a cluster of flowers on a floral axis. the flower is the gynoecium, or the female reproductive
When inflorescence is participated in formation of fruit, component, made of carpels.
such fruit are known as false fruit , as apple does not 25. The essential organs in the flower for
grow from the ovary, it is a false fruit. True fruits are reproduction are:
developed from mature or ripened ovary, after (a) Sepals and stamens (b) Stamen and pistil
fertilization, examples are-mango, tomato etc. (c) Sepals and petals (d) Petals and pistil
RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-I)
21. Pollen grains are found in
Ans : (b) A complete flower has four parts -
(a) Stigma (b) Ovule
Flower unit
(c) Anther (d) Style (Flower Part) (Unit)
RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-I)
(i) Calyx → Sepal  (Necessary organ or whorl)
Ans : (c) The male reproductive structure in a flower (ii) Corolla → Petal 
is called androecium. The androecium consists of
stamens. The stamen is the male reproductive part of the (iii) Androecium → Stamen  (Necessary Reproductive
flower. Its two parts are filamentous stalk and bi-lobed (iv) Gynoecium → Pistil 
organ)
anther respectively. Anther contain pollen grains.
26. The top of the pistil in a flower is termed as:
22. Which of following is a bisexual flower? (a) Ovule (b) Stamens
(a) Mustard (b) Papaya (c) Pollen (d) Stigma
(c) Watermelon (d) Cucumber RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-II)
RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-II) Ans. (d) The top of the pistil in a flower is termed as
Ans : (a) Bisexual flowers - both male and female are stigma.
present in the same flower, such as plants of family 27. The female reproductive part of flowers is
Brassicaceae. called-
Unisexual flowers- unisexual flowers contain male and (a) Stamens (b) Petals
female reproductive organs in separate flowers, such as (c) Sepals (d) Carpel
plants of family Cucurbitaceae. RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans : (d) The gynoecium is typically made up of an
ovary, style, and stigma as in the center of the flower. It
is composed of a single carpel or multiple fused
carpels.If more than one carpel is present in gynoecium
this condition is called as polycarpellary. If all the
carpels in gynoecium are free, then this condition is
called as apocarpous.
28. ……… is the part of male reproductive system
in the plants.
(a) Style (b) Stigma
(c) Ovary (d) Stamens
RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (d) The male reproductive part of the flower is
called stamens. It helps in the formation of male gametes
of the plant and is found in pollen grains. Therefore,
stamens are the male reproductive part of plants, while
stigma,style and ovary - all three are part of the female
reproductive system in the flowering plant. The female
reproductive system is called gynoecium. While the male
reproductive system is called and roecium.
29. Which of the following does not involve in
vegetative propagation?
(a) Leaves (d) Root
(c) Stem (d) Flower
RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d): Flowers are never involved in vegetative
propagation. Vegetative propagation is a form of
asexual reproduction of a plant. Only one plant is
involved and the offspring is the result of one parent.
Almost all types of shoots and roots are capable of
vegetative propagation, including, stems, basal shoots,
tubers, rhizomes, stolons, corms, bulbs, and buds. In a
few species, even leaves are involved in vegetative
propagation. It has two types, one natural and the other
artificial.
(v) Fruit
30. Which of the following develops as subsequent
shoots during seed germination ?
(a) Radicle (b) Plumule
(c) Cotyledons (d) Endosperm
RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) Plumule is the part of the seed embryo that
grows into a shoot after the process of seed
germination. It is a small portion of the plant, with a
bud-like structure, giving rise to the first true leaves and
is grown into a plant giving rise to several leaves,
branches, flowers, and seeds. Cotyledon is the
significant part of the embryo within the seed of a plant.
Upon germination, the cotyledon may become the
embryonic first leaves of a seedling.
31. ................. are three parts of seed.
(a) Cotyledons, zygote and plumule
(b) Cotyledons, radicle and plumule
(c) Cotyledons, embryo and plumule
(d) Cotyledons, zygote and radicle
RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) The seeds have three parts -
1. Cotyledon 2. Radicle , 3. Plumule
32. Plants reserve food in ……… of seed for
future.
(a) Plumule (b) radicle
(c) Cotyledon (d) Embryo
RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (c) Seeds are the product of the ripened ovule.
Plants reserve food in cotyledons of seed for future.
Peas, pulses etc. belong to dicotyledonous plants and
mango, wheat, rice etc. belong to monocot plants.
33. ............ serves as a food store in the seed of the
plant.
(a) Ovule (b) Cotyledon
(c) Plumule (d) Radicle
RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (b) : Cotyledons are an important part of the seed
of plants. When the seeds of some plants germinate,
cotyledon develops and forms the first leaves of the
plant, which acts as food reserve, while the female
reproductive cells are produced and stored in the ovule.
Plumule is the part of the seed embryo that grows into a
shoot after the process of seed germination.
34. What is Tomato?
(a) Vegetable (b) Fruit
(c) Pods (d) Edible stem
RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Tomato is a fruit. Pericarp and placenta are
edible part of tomato. The botanical name of tomato is
Solanum lycopersicum ( Lycopersicon esculentum) and
it belongs to Solanaceae family of the flowering plants.
It originated in South America. Lycopene is the red
colored pigment abundantly found in tomato.
35. Which of the following is not commonly used as
a fruit?
(a) Strawberry (b) Grapes
(c) Pear (d) Tomato
RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) Generally, tomato is not used as a fruit. It is used
as a vegetable. Its botanical name is Lycopersicum
esculentum, which is known as Solanum lycopersicum
and it belongs to Solanaceae family of the flowering
plants.
36. Which of the following is not a multi-seeded
fruit?
(a) Papaya (b) Apple
(c) Litchi (d) Pomegranate
RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Litchi is single seed fruit, while papaya, apple,
and pomegranate are multi-seeded fruit .
37. Which of the following is a leguminous plant?
(a) Tomato (b) Cabbage
(c) Potato (d) Pea
RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) Pea is a leguminous plant. A leguminous plant
is a group of flowering plants that have vegetables or as
foods grown from the ground that enhance the ability of
nitrogen rich material. Legumes include beans peanuts
soybeans etc.
38. Edible part of banana is: surrounded by guard cells. Stomata are responsible for
(a) Pericarp the interchange of gases for respiration and
(b) Endocarp and mesocarp photosynthesis. The stomata allow for the loss of
(c) Epicarp excess water in the form of water vapour, which also
(d) Epicarp and mesocarp allows cooling.
RRB JE 01.06.2019 (Shift-I) 4. What is the loss of water in the form of water
Ans. (b) Edible part of a banana is endocarp and vapor in plants?
mesocarp. (a) Emission (b) Respiration
39. Which of the following bears flowers and fruits (c) Gas exchange (d) Transpiration
only once in its lifetime? RRB Group-D 25-10-2018 (Shift-II)
(a) Peach (b) Guava Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
(c) Fig (d) Banana
RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-III) 5. Loss of the water from the leaves of the plant
through stomata is called:
Ans. (d) Banana bears flowers and fruits only once in
its lifetime. (a) Perspiration (b) Expiration
(c) Suspiration (b) Transpiration
40. .......... is not a vegetative part of the plant.
(a) Fruit (b) Leaf RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-III)
(c) Stem (d) Root Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-III) 6. Forests increase the atmosphere’s humidity by-
Ans. (a) Fruit is not a vegetative part of the plant. The (a) Oxidation (b) Inspiration
fertilized, transformed and mature ovary is called a (c) Transpiration (d) Expiration
fruit, usually the fruit is formed by the flower. Leaf, RRB JE 27.06.2019 (Shift-I)
root, and stem belong to the vegetative parts of plants.
Ans. (c) Forests increase the atmosphere’s humidity by
The length and width of the plants increase due to the
transpiration.
increase in the meristematic cells of the vegetative parts
of the plant. 7. Transpiration decreases in ............ conditions.
(a) High temperature (b) Low humidity
(c) High humidity (d) High light intensity
14. Plant Physiology RRB JE 28.06.2019 (Shift-III)
(i) Transpiration Ans. (c) Transpiration decreases in high humidity
conditions.
1. The guard cells swell when ……… flows into 8. Evaporation of water from leaves of a plant is
them causing stomatal pore to open. called:
(a) Chemical (b) Enzyme (a) Transpiration (b) Respiration
(c) Water (d) Hormone (c) Perspiration (d) Evaporation
RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-I) RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) The guard cells swell when water flows into Ans : (a) Evaporation of water from the leaves of
them causing stomatal pore to open. When the K + ion plants is called Transpiration. Only a small fraction of
enter in guard cells, the stomata open and when the K + the water that the plants absorb from the soil is used in
ion exit from guard cells, the stomata close. the plant body. The instrument by which the rate of
2. Plants can get rid of excess water by ……. transpiration is measured, is called Potometer.
(a) Transpiration (b) Excretion 9. In plants, .............. helps in absorption and
(c) Circulation (d) Respiration upward movement, from roots to leaves, of
RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-III) water and minerals dissolved in it.
Ans : (a) Transpiration : It is the biological process by (a) Consideration (b) Photosynthesis
which water is lost in the form of water vapour from the (c) Respiration (d) Transpiration
aerial parts of the plants. Plants also require an excretory RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-III)
system to discharge excess water from their body. Ans. (d) : In plants,transpiration helps in absorption and
3. Transpiration occurs by …………. upward movement, from roots to leaves, of water and
(a) Stomata (b) Epidermis minerals dissolved in it.
(c) Vascular bundle (d) Sheath
RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-III) (ii) Photosynthesis
Ans. (a) Plants also require an excretory system to
discharge excess water from their body. This process of 10. Photosynthesis takes place in the presence of
elimination of excess water from the plant body is light. Which colour’s light range least affects
known as transpiration. It occurs mainly through the the rate of photosynthesis?
stomata. Stomata are small openings or pores found (a) Blue (b) Red
abundantly on the lower surface of the leaves. These (c) Green (d) Yellow
pores are called stomata. These openings are RRB NTPC 02.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and 15. The four essential requirements for
other organisms to convert light energy into chemical photosynthesis include :
energy that, through cellular respiration, can later be (a) Parasites, food, chlorophyll and oxygen
released to fuel the organism's activities. Some of this (b) Chemicals, carbohydrates, water and
chemical energy is stored in carbohydrate molecules, chlorophyll
such as sugars and starches, which are synthesized (c) Chlorophyll, sunlight, carbon dioxide and
from carbon dioxide and water – hence the water
name photosynthesis, from the Greek phōs, "light", (d) Carbon dioxide, minerals, chlorophyll and
and synthesis, "putting together". Photosynthesis took sunlight
place in those rays of visible light spectrum having RRB NTPC 23.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
wavelength from 350-750 nm. The process does not
Ans.(c) During photosynthesis, in presence of
take place in ultraviolet, green and infrared rays. The
chlorophyll plants use light energy from the sun, carbon
rate of photosynthesis is highest in red rays, lesser in
dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) to produce energy in the
blue and least in green rays.
form of glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2) as a by-
11. What is the ultimate source of energy in product.
plants?
16. What are the products formed during
(a) Glucose (b) Chlorophyll
photosynthesis?
(c) Protein (d) Sun light (a) Glucose, Water and Oxygen
RRB NTPC 31.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (b) Glucose and Oxygen
Ans.(d) The ultimate source of energy for all living (c) Starch and Oxygen
organisms on earth is the Sun. Plants convert light (d) Starch, Water and Oxygen
energy (obtained from sun) into chemical energy and RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-I)
prepare their food by the process of photosynthesis. Ans : (a) In the process of photosynthesis, green
12. Organisms that can make food themselves from plants synthesize organic food from CO2 and H2O in the
simple substances are called: presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. Glucose, water
(a) Saprotrophs (b) Heterotrophs and oxygen are obtained as products during the process
(c) Autotrophs (d) Holozic organisms of photosynthesis.
Light
RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist 6CO2 +12H2O  →
Chlorophyll
Ans.(c) The mode of nutrition in which organisms make Carbon dioxide +Water
food themselves from simple substances is called C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
↓ ↓ ↓
autotrophic nutrition. Plants are called autotrophs Glucose Oxygen Water
animal and most other organisms take in food prepared
by plants. They are called heterotrophs. 17. Photosynthesis occurs in which part of the
plant?
13. Sugarcane plants are one of the most efficient (a) Branches and stems
converters of ........... into chemical energy. (b) Leaf and other parts with presence of
(a) Air (b) Sunlight chloroplast
(c) Juice (d) Water (c) Leaf and stem
RRB NTPC 11.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (d) Roots and roots juices.
Ans.(b) Sugarcane plants are one of the effective RRB J.E. (02.06.2019, Shift-III)
converters of sunlight into chemical energy. The Ans. (b) Photosynthesis occurs in the leaf of the plant
photosynthetic efficiency is the fraction of light energy and other parts with the presence of chloroplasts. The
converted into chemical energy during photosynthesis process by which the green plants make their own
in plants and algae. Sugarcane is the most important food using sunlight and carbon-di-oxide (CO2) is
converter of sunlight as the rate of photosynthesis is known as photosynthesis.
high and it leads to maximum biomass production. 18. …….. is not a mode of heterotrophic nutrition.
14. Which gas is needed for photosynthesis? (a) Parasitic (b) Holozoic
(c) Automatic (d) Saprotrophic
(a) Carbon dioxide (b) Carbon monooxide
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 19.01.2017 (Shift-II)
(c) Oxygen (d) Hydrogen
Ans : (c) : Automatic nutrition is not a mode of
RRB NTPC 08.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist heterotrophic nutrition. Automatic method is not re-
Ans. (a) Photosynthesis is the process through which nourished. Heterotrophic nutrition is a mode of nutrition
plants use water and carbon dioxide to create their food, in which organisms depend on other organisms for their
grow and release excess oxygen into the air. Plant use food requirements. Heterotroph is an organism that is
sunlight, carbon dioxide and water to produce oxygen, unable to synthesize its own food, and therefore, has to
glucose and water. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a gas rely on other sources, specifically plant and animal
required for photosynthesis. matter.
19. Which of the following processes remove (a) Sunlight (b) Oxygen
carbon dioxide from the atmosphere? (c) Water (d) Carbohydrate
(a) Photosynthesis (b) Biodegradation RRB NTPC 31.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
(c) Electrolysis (d) Galvanization Ans. (d) Carbohydrates are utilized for providing
RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist energy to the plant. The carbohydrates which are not
Ans : (a) : By the process of Photosynthesis the carbon used immediately are stored in the form of starch which
dioxide is removed from the atmosphere because plants serves as the internal energy reserve to be used when
absorb or inhales carbon dioxide and exhales oxygen required by plant.
from atmosphere in process of Photosynthesis.
25. Which of the following is the energy currency
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use
for most cellular processes?
sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to liberate oxygen
and energy in the form of sugar. (a) ATP (b) Pyruvate
(c) Glucose (d) ADP
20. Through which process will oxygen be released
into the air? RRB NTPC 13.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
(a) Photosynthesis (b) Respiration Ans. (a) ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) is a store house
(c) Perspiration (d) Excretion of energy, also known as the currency of energy stored
RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-I) in ATP is decomposed as per the requirement of the
RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist organisms to release energy, in which various biological
Ans : (a) Photosynthesis is a chemical reaction that activities of the organisms operate. It is synthesized in
takes place inside a plant, producing food for the plant our body in the mitochondria.
to survive. Carbon dioxide, water and light are all 26. –––––––– is a quiescent form of phytochrome.
needed for photosynthesis to take place and oxygen is (a) P660 (b) P760
released as waste product in this reaction. (c) P730 (d) P630
21. At what level of photosynthesis is glucose RRB Group-D 10-12-2018 (Shift-I)
produced? Ans. (a) : Phytochrome is a photo receptor pigment
(a) Light dependent reactions found in plants. It is sensitive to the red and infrared
(b) Calvin cycle light of the visible spectrum of light. Many flowering
(c) Fermentation plants use it to control flowering time based on
(d) Oxidation phototrophic duration. The P660 is a quiescent form of
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-III) phytochrome.
Ans : (b) Plants prepare their food through 27. Which of the following is not necessary for
photosynthesis in the presence of sunlight. The second photosynthesis?
level of photosynthesis involves the formation of (a) Sunlight (b) Oxygen
glucose during the Calvin cycle. The Calvin cycle is a
(c) Chlorophyll (d) Carbon dioxide
series of biochemical redox reactions that take place in
the stroma of chloroplast in photosynthetic organisms. RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-I)
22. The rate of photosynthesis is maximum in the Ans : (b) The formation process of carbohydrates in the
light of which colour? presence of water, light, chlorophyll and carbon dioxide
(a) Violet (b) Green in plants is called photosynthesis. Oxygen is released in
(c) Red (d) Yellow photosynthesis. Therefore, oxygen is not required for
photosynthesis.
RRB NTPC 09.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
28. …………… is not essential for photosynthesis.
Ans. (c) In photosynthesis, as a result of the chemical
reaction between carbon dioxide and water, glucose is (a) O2 (b) Sunlight
formed and oxygen is released, this action also take (c) Chlorophyll (d) CO2
place under artificial light. It is most inert in red light. RRB Group-D 27-11-2018 (Shift-I)
After red colour this action is highest in violet light. Ans. (a) : O2 (oxygen) is not essential for
23. Which part of desert plants such as Cactus photosynthesis. Chemical equation of photosynthesis is
performs the process of photosynthesis? as follows:
(a) Leaves (b) Stem Sunlight
(c) Spines (d) Roots 6CO2 + 12H2O → C6H12O6 + 6H2O + 6O2
Chlorophyll
RRB NTPC 08.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
29. What energy do plants use in the process of
Ans. (b) The green stem of the Cactus plant contains photosynthesis?
chlorophyll thus the stem is the centre of Photosynthesis
(a) Solar energy (b) Chemical energy
in the Cactus plants instead of the leaves. The leaves of
Cactus are modified into spines, to prevent water loss (c) Kinetic energy (d) Thermal energy
from the surface of leaves. RRB Group-D 10-10-2018 (Shift-II)
24. Which of the following are stored in the form Ans : (a) Plants use solar energy in the process of
of starch which serves as an internal energy photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the chemical reaction
reserve to be used when required by the plant? in which plants prepare food for themselves using
carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight 35. During which of the following processes, a
with the help of chlorophyll present in the leaves. large amount of energy is released?
6CO 2 + 12H 2 O 
Sunlight
→ C6 H12 O 6 + 6H 2 O + 6O 2 (a) Fermentation
Chlorophyll
(b) Anaerobic respiration
Glucose (c) Aerobic respiration
30. Which substance is present in green leaves to (d) Transpiration
help in the process of photosynthesis? RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-II)
(a) Stomata (b) The sunlight Ans : (c) A large amount of energy is released during
(c) Chloroform (d) Chlorophyll the aerobic respiration process. Aerobic respiration is a
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-II) biochemical process, which results in the production of
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question. energy and carbon dioxide. This energy is stored as
31. The common transport form of sugar in plants chemical energy ATP, while carbon dioxide is released
is ………. . into the atmosphere.
(a) Glucose (b) Galactose 36. In which of the following processes, thermal
(c) Sucrose (d) Fructose energy is produced?
RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-I) (a) Respiration (b) Circulation
Ans. (c) Sucrose is the common transport form of sugar (c) Excretion (d) Digestion
in plants. RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) : Aerobic respiration is the process of
(iii) Respiration breakdown of glucose in the presence of oxygen
releasing energy. It takes place in mitochondria and is a
32. ............ takes place with the help of oxygen and multistep process which produces energy in the form of
is responsible for the complete breakdown of ATP, carbon dioxide and water.
glucose into CO2 and H2O. C6H12O6 + 6O2→6CO2 + 6H2O +673 K Cal
(a) Anaerobic respiration Glucose Oxygen Carbon di-oxide + Water + Energy
(b) Heart 37. The ........... process converts chemical energy
(c) Aerobic respiration into thermal energy.
(d) Lungs (a) Respiration (b) Transport
RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-III)
(c) Nutrition (d) Defecation
Ans. (c) Aerobic respiration occurs with the help of
RRB Group-D 26-11-2018 (Shift-III)
oxygen and is responsible for the complete breakdown
of glucose into carbon dioxide and water by oxidation - Ans : (a) Respiration converts chemical energy into
C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O thermal energy.
(Glucose) (Oxygen) (carbon di-oxide) (water)
38. The first step in respiration is the breakdown of
Anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen. It glucose into …….
produces energy by dissolving glucose into lactic acid
(a) Pyruvate (b) Lactic acid
or ethyl alcohol without oxygen (O2).
(c) Ethanol (d) Carbon dioxide
33. Pyruvate splits in –––––– using O2.
(a) Lysosome (b) Mitochondria RRB Group-D 16-12-2018 (Shift-II)
(c) Nucleus (d) Vacuoles Ans. (a) The first step in respiration is the breakdown
RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-I) of glucose into pyruvate. Glucose is the simplest
Ans. (b) : The citric acid cycle takes place in the matrix carbohydrate. It is soluble in water and the chemical
of the mitochondria in which breakdown and complete formula is C6H12O6. It is the main source of energy
conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA occurs. found in cashew, grapes, other fruits and also in beet
Organisms derive the majority of their energy from the and sugarcane.
Kreb's Cycle, also known as the TCA cycle. The Kreb's 39. Which organism can live without oxygen?
Cycle is an aerobic process. (a) Aerobe (b) Anaerobe
34. Which of the following in biology is the energy (c) Parasite (d) Symbiotic
currency of cells? RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-III)
(a) PTA (b) PAD Ans. (b) Anaerobe organisms can live without oxygen.
(c) ADP (d) ATP
RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-II) (iv) Transportation in Plants
Ans : (d) ATP is also called the energy currency of the
cell. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is an organic 40. Which of the following nutrients is provided to
compound, which provides energy to the cell. The plants from soil ?
energy produced by the consumption of food in the (a) Nitrogen (b) Hydrogen
body, combines with ADP (adenosine diphosphate) as a (c) Carbon (d) Oxygen
phosphate group to form ATP. RRB NTPC 31.07.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(a) Carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, three of the
essential plant nutrients, are taken up from atmosphere
and water. The other essential nutrients come from the
soil. The major nutrients, or macronutrients, supplied by
the soil are nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulphur,
magnesium and calcium.
41. Which tissue is responsible for transportation
of water in plants?
(a) Ribosome (b) Xylem
(c) Chloroplast (d) Cytoplasm
RRB NTPC 05.04.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) The basic function of xylem is to transport
water from root to stem and leaves. Phloem transports
food materials to the whole plant body. Its basic
function is transport of food from source tissues.
42. What is the function of phloem in plants?
(a) It transports oxygen.
(b) It transports carbon dioxide.
(c) It transports sugar.
(d) It transports water.
RRB NTPC 27.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Xylem and phloem are vascular tissue. Phloem
transports the food produced by the leaves to the
different parts of the plant whereas xylem transports the
water absorbed by the roots to the different part of the
plant.
43. Which essential element is used in the synthesis
of proteins and other compounds in plants?
(a) Potassium (b) Phosphorous
(c) Magnesium (d) Nitrogen
RRB NTPC 05.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Nitrogen is an important component for the
synthesis of chlorophyll, protoplasm, proteins, and
nucleic acids. The main nutrients used by plants are
nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium.
Minor nutrients - Calcium, Magnesium and Sulfur.
Micro nutrients - Iron, Zinc, Copper, Molybdenum,
Boron and Chlorine
44. What is the movement of the cell against the
concentration gradient called?
(a) Active transport (b) Proliferation
(c) Reverse osmosis (d) Osmosis
RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Active transport is the transport where the
direct expenditure of energy takes place and the
molecules move against the gradient which is from
lower concentration to the higher concentration.
Tracheids and vessels are hollow tube-like structures
that help in conducting water and minerals. They are
found in the primary and secondary xylem of vascular
plants, they carry water and mineral salts from the root
of the plants to the leaves.
45. The absorption of water caused by a process
through root hair in plants, is called :
(a) Respiration (b) Transpiration
(c) Osmosis (d) Imbibition
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans. (c) : The absorption of water caused by osmosis
through root hair in plants . Osmosis is the movement
of water through a semipermeable membrane. Osmosis
is spontaneous process.The direction and rate of
osmosis depend upon the sum of two forces, pressure
gradient and concentration gradient.
46. In case of plants, nitrate absorbed from the soil:
(a) is converted into urea.
(b) is converted to free nitrogen.
(c) is converted into amino acids .
(d) is converted into ammonia.
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) In the case of plants, the nitrate absorbed
from the soil is converted into free nitrogen. Nitrate is
an anion composed of oxygen and nitrogen elements. Its
chemical formula is NO3. The salts produced by the
reaction of nitric acid on metals or their oxides are
called nitrates. Generally, nitrates are soluble in water.
Nitrates absorb water vapor from the atmosphere. These
are called hygroscopic substances.
(v) Plant Hormones
47. ............promotes cell growth and cell
differentiation in plants.
(a) Cytokinin (b) Abscisic acid
(c) Gibberellin (b) Auxin
RRB Group-D 30-10-2018 (Shift-I)
RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-III)
RRB Group-D 28-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) Cytokinin promotes cell growth and cell
differentiation in plants.
48. What is phytohormone?
(a) Chemicals used for peeling
(b) Substances controlling disease
(c) Substances used for photosynthesis
(d) Regulators synthesized by plants influencing
physiological processes.
RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans : (d) Phytohormones, also known as plant
hormones, are produced in plants only. Phytohormones
are responsible for giving certain shape to the plants, for
seed development, flowering time, sex of flowers,
growth of leaves and senescence in plant etc. There are
mainly five types of hormones found in plants - auxin,
gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene and abscisic acid.
Auxin hormone helps in phototropism of plants.
49. Which of the following is a plant hormone?
(a) Estrogen (b) Chlorophyll
(c) Thyroxine (d) Auxin
RRB NTPC 22.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(d) Auxin is a plant hormone which is responsible
for all division in plants. It regulates growth,
particularly by stimulating cell elongation in stems. Five
kinds of hormones present in plants are –
1. Auxin
2. Gibberellins
3. Cytokinin
4. Abscisic Acid
5. Ethylene.
50. Plants bend towards light due to the diffusion
of the ………. hormone on the other side of the
shoot.
(a) Auxin (b) Cytokinin
(c) Abscisic acid (d) Gibberellin
RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans. (a) The term auxin is used for indole-3 acetic acid
(IAA) and other natural and synthetic compounds that
have the ability to growth. They are usually formed on
the tips of the stem & root and move to functional areas
of plant.
Auxins like I.A.A. and I.B.A (indole butyric acid)is
extracted from the plant. Charles Darwin and his son
Francis Darwin observed firstly the effects of light on
movement of canary grass (Phalaris canariensis)
coleoptiles. The coleoptile is a specialized leaf
originating from the first node which sheaths the
epicotyl in the plants seedling stage protecting it until it
emerges from the ground. The coleoptile shows
phototropism and responds to phototropic stimulus.
51. Dwarfness can be controlled by treating plants
with:
(a) Cytokinin (b) Ethylene
(c) Gibberellic acid (d) Auxin
RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Dwarfness can be controlled by treating plants
with gibberellic acid. The gibberellins are plant
hormones, especially abundant in seeds and young
shoots where they control stem elongation by
stimulating both cell division and elongation. The
gibberellins are carried by the xylem and phloem.
Parthenocarpic fruits are produced due to effect of
gibberellic acid .
52. Growth hormone function -
(a) Rarely as a growth promoters.
(b) Sometimes as growth promoters and
sometimes as growth inhibitors.
(c) Always as growth inhibitors.
(d) Always as growth promoters.
RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (d) Growth hormone is a protein-based peptide
hormone. It promotes growth, cell reproduction and
reconstruction in humans and other animals. Growth
hormone is a 191-amino acid, single-chain polypeptide.
53. The universal natural auxin of plants is -
(a) IBA (b) Citric auxin
(c) NAA (d) IAA
RRB ALP & Tec. (20-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans : (d) Auxin was first extracted from human urine.
They are usually formed on the tips of the stem & root
and move to functional areas of plant.
• I.A.A. (indole 3-acetic acid) and I.B.A (indole
butyric acid) are natural auxin.
• N.A.A (Naphthalene acetic acid) and 2.4. D (2, 4,
dichloro phenoxy acetic acid) is the synthetic auxin.
Synthetic auxins are extensively used as herbicides.
54. Which of the following is not a hormone found
in animals?
(a) Insulin (b) Auxin
(c) Thyroxine (b) Adrenaline
RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans : (b) Auxin is a plant hormone that causes plant
growth. It is found in vegetative parts of plants, while
insulin, thyroxine and adrenaline are animal hormones.
55. ......... is concerned with cell division.
(a) Maleic hydrazide (b) Gibberellin
(c) Auxin (d) Cytokinin
RRB ALP & Tec. (30-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans : (d) The first cytokinin was isolated from Herring
sperm in 1955 by Miller. Kinetin and zeatin acts to
promote cytokinesis. Natural cytokinins are synthesized
in regions where rapid cell division is occurring. e.g.,
root apices, developing shoot buds, young fruits etc.
Cytokinins overcome apical dominance. They promote
nutrient mobilization that help in delay of leaf
senescence.
56. Zeatin is produced in ........... and is transported
to ............ in the xylem where it promotes cell
division.
(a) Shoots, roots (b) Roots, shoots
(c) Stems, leaves (d) Leaves, stems
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) Zeatin is produced in roots and is transported
to shoots in the xylem where it promotes cell division. It
is responsible for growth of lateral twigs in plant.
57. Which of the following plant hormones inhibits
growth and is responsible for wilting of leaves?
(a) Gibberellin (b) Abscisic acid
(c) Cytokinin (d) Auxin
RRB NTPC 14.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Abscisic acid (ABA) is an anti-growth plant
hormone. ABA functions in many plant developmental
processes, including seed and bud dormancy, the
control of organs size and stomatal closure. It is
especially important for plants in the response
to environmental stress, including drought, soil salinity,
cold tolerance, freezing tolerance, heat stress and heavy
metal-ion tolerance.
58. The concentration of which plant hormone is
highest at the top of the plant and decreases as
you get closer to the roots?
(a) Ethylene (b) Gibberellin
(c) Auxin (d) Cytokinin
RRB NTPC 04.03.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Auxin is a plant hormone which is involved in
cell growth and cell expansion, so it is produced
primarily in parts of the plant that are actively growing
like the stem (specifically, the very tiptop of the stem).
Auxin is transported in one direction in a plant –
downward from the top to the bottom, like a one-way
road from the stem tip to the roots. It is the only plant
hormone known to do this. Therefore the concentration
of auxin is highest at the top of the plant and decreases
as get closer to the roots, this controls the overall shape
of the plant.
59. Which of the following helps in closure of
stomata and abscission of leaves?
(a) Abscisic acid (b) Gibberellin
(c) Auxin (d) Cytokinin
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) : Abscisic acid (ABA) is often referred to as a
inhibitory rather than stimulatory hormone. It is
involved in the closure of stomata, bud and seed
dormancy and is known to inhibit other hormonal
actions. Abscisic acid acts as growth inhibitor, i.e, this
plant hormone inhibits growth of plant. Its main
function is as follows:
(1) Abscisic acid stimulates the closure of the stomata
in the epidermis.
(2) Abscisic acid blocks cell division, that is why
abscission of fruits and leaves occur.
(3) It involves in seed dormancy and is generally
associated with negative-feedback interactions or
stress-related environmental signals such as
drought, freezing temperatures and environmental
pollutants.
60. Which of the following plant hormone inhibits
growth?
(a) Cytokinin (b) Gibberellin
(c) Abscisic acid (d) Auxin
RRB Group-D 16-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) See the explanation of the above question.
61. In plants , Cytokinins . . . . . .
(a) Promote cell division.
(b) Inhibit growth.
(c) Help in growth of stem.
(d) Stimulates cells to grow longer.
RRB Group-D 04-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) Cytokinin is a plant hormone. Cytokinins are
found in sites of active cell division in plants—for
example, in root tips, seeds, fruits, and leaves. They are
transported in the xylem and work in the presence of
auxin to promote cell division. Cytokinin plays
significant role in chlorophyll retention and induces
seed germination. Cytokinins also delay the senescence
of leaves and promote the expansion of cotyledons.
62. ................ promotes cell division.
(a) Abscisic acid (b) Auxin
(c) Cytokinin (d) Gibberellin
RRB Group-D 24-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) See the explanation of the above question.
63. The hormone secreted in plants due to which
its stem bends towards sunlight is called-
(a) Gibberellin (b) Cytokinin
(c) Ascorbic acid (d) Auxin
RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) : Auxin is a plant hormone that produces a
curving of the plant stem tip toward the light, a plant
movement known as phototropism. Auxins promote stem
elongation, inhibit growth of lateral buds. They are
produced in the stem, buds, and root tips. They have
similarity in functional affect with IAA (indole-3-acetic
acid) Tropism reactions of shoot and roots in plant related
to directional external stimulus like gravitation, sunlight
etc influence by concentration of auxins.
64. Which of the following plant hormones helps in
the growth of plant stems?
(a) Ethylene (b) Cytokinin
(c) Abscisic acid (d) Gibberellin
RRB NTPC 14.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Gibberellins (GAs) are plant hormones that
regulate various developmental processes, including
stem elongation, germination, dormancy, flowering,
flower development, and leaf and fruit senescence. GAs
are one of the longest-known classes of plant hormone.
65. ………… is not a plant hormone.
(a) Adrenaline (b) Auxin
(c) Gibberellin (d) Abscisic acid
RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) Adrenaline is not a plant hormone. It
originates from adrenal gland of human. It is also called
'fear, fight and flight' (F3) hormone.
Plant hormones are:
1. Auxin
2. Gibberellin
3. Cytokinin
4. Abscisic acid
5. Ethylene
(vi) Plant Movements
66. 'Tropism' mostly refers to the-
(a) Directional growth of a plant
(b) Longevity of animal species
(c) Bird migration
(d) Behavioral patterns of human
RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-I) Stage IInd
Ans : (a) Tropism refers to the response or orientation
of a plant to directional external stimulus like
gravitation, sunlight etc that acts with greater intensity
from one direction to another. Forms of tropism include
phototropism (response to light), geotropism (response
to gravity), chemotropism (response to particular
substances), hydrotropism (response to water),
thigmotropism (response to mechanical stimulation),
traumatotropism (response to wound lesion), and
galvanotropism, or electrotropism (response to electric
current). Most tropic movements are orthotropic; i.e.,
they are directed toward the source of the stimulus.
Plagiotropic movements are oblique to the direction of
stimulus. Diatropic movements are at right angles to the
direction of stimulus.
67. What does phototropism mean?
(a) Movement of plants towards light.
(b) Specialised protoplasm from which arises a
cilia.
(c) Union between unequal gametes.
(d) Movement of plants towards water and
moisture.
RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) Phototropism is the phenomenon by which
the plant bends in the direction of external stimulus
sunlight.
68. The movement of a sunflower facing the sun is
called:
(a) Movement (b) Rotation
(c) Phototropism (d) Locomotion
RRB NTPC 18.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) The movement of a sunflower facing the sun is
called phototropism. Phototropism is the general
response of a plant towards light for its growth.
69. The growth (movement) of a plant part
towards the stimulus is called:
(a) Positive phototropism
(b) Negative tropism
(c) Positive tropism
(d) Negative phototropism
RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) The growth (movement) of a plant part towards
the stimulus is called positive phototropism. Tropism
refers to the response or orientation of a plant to
directional external stimulus like gravitation, sunlight
etc that acts with greater intensity from one direction to
another.
70. The growth (movement) of a plant part
towards the stimulus in absence of light is
called:
(a) Negative tropism
(b) Positive tropism
(c) Negative phototropism
(d) Positive phototropism
RRB Group-D 22-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) Tropism is defined as the movement of a plant
or a part of a plant in response to a certain stimuli.
Phototropism is defined as the orientation of the plant in
response to sunlight. Negative phototropism is the
movement of plant or its part in absence of sunlight.
Negative phototropism occurs in root of plant, they
grow in opposite direction of light ,i.e, deep inside the
ground to absorb nutrients from the soil.
15. Reproduction in Plants
1. Which type of reproduction allows greater
variation to be generated?
(a) Binary fission
(b) Asexual reproduction
(c) Multiple fission
(d) Sexual reproduction
RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-II)
RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-I)
RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans. (d) Sexual reproduction is the main cause of
biological variation. It is because of errors in DNA
copying and modes of sexual reproduction. In sexual
reproduction, since two parents are involved, the
offspring will have combination of characters which
will lead to variation. Genetic variation is the source of
evolution, without it a species would die out. If the
genetic variation is less, there will not be diversity in
the traits and the species would find it hard to adapt to
the changes and go extinct. So it is important for a
species to be genetically diverse.
2. The roots, stems and leaves of some plants
grow new plants through process of ............. .
(a) Fission
(b) Multiple fission
(c) Vegetative propagation
(d) Regeneration
RRB Group-D 26-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (c) The roots, stems and leaves of some plants
grow new plants through process of vegetative
propagation. Vegetative reproduction involves the
formation of new plants from roots, stems, and leaves. It is
a form of asexual reproduction of a plant. Only one plant is
involved and the offspring is identical to the parent. It
mainly involves the mitosis, example: ginger, potato etc.
3. Which of the following method of reproduction
in which new plant is genetically identical to
the parent plant ?
(a) Vegetative reproduction
(b) Regeneration
(c) Fission
(d) Sexual reproduction
RRB Group-D 26-11-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) Vegetative reproduction involves the formation
of new plants from roots, stems, and leaves. It is a form of
asexual reproduction of a plant. The new plant is
genetically identical to the parent. New plants grow from
parts of the parent plant.
4. After fertilization, the......... develops into seeds.
(a) Stigma (b) Ovary
(c) Ovule (d) Egg
RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) After fertilization, the ovules develop into
seeds. Ovule means the egg of a seed. In any seed-
producing plant, the ovules are structures where female
reproductive cells are formed and stored.
5. Which of the following methods of
reproduction is adopted by unicellular
organisms?
(a) Fission (b) Regeneration
(c) Fragmentation (d) Budding
Ans. (a) Fission, also called binary fission, occurs in
prokaryotic microorganisms and in some invertebrate,
multi-celled organisms. After a period of growth, an
organism splits into two separate organisms. Many
single-celled organisms reproduce by binary fission
(e.g., Amoeba, Paramecium) by mitosis, where a cell
divides into two halves and each rapidly grows into an
adult.
6. …….. spreads through the stem.
(a) Bryophyllum (b) Rose
(c) Bryophylla (d) Tamarind
RRB Group-D 10-12-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) : The plant of rose spreads through the stem.
Vegetative reproduction involves the formation of new
plants from roots, stems, and leaves. It is a form of asexual
reproduction of a plant. The new plant is genetically
identical to the parent. New plants grow from parts of the
parent plant.
7. In a plant, the seed contains the embryo which
develops into a seedling under appropriate
conditions. This process is known as:
(a) Germination (b) Cross- pollination
(c) Pollination (d) Transpiration
RRB NTPC 12.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Seeds contain embryo which develop into a
seedling when grown under appropriate conditions. The
endosperm inside the seeds helps in the growth and
development of the embryo. It has starch as stored
nutrition which allows the rapid growth of embryo. This
process is called germination.
8. Which of the following plants has 'hidden
reproductive organs'?
(a) Ipomoea (b) Deodar
(c) Pinus (d) Marsilea
RRB NTPC 12.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) A cryptogams is a plant or plant like organism
that reproduces by spores, without flowers or seed
cryptogamae means 'hidden reproduction' referring to
the fact that no seed is produced. Thus, cryptogams
represent the non-seed bearing plants. e.g. Marsilea.
9. In a plant, which of the following is converted
into seeds?
(a) Stigma (b) Ovary
(c) Style (d) Ovule
RRB ALP & Tec. (17-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (d) In a plant, ovule is converted into seeds. After
post fertilization ovary converts into fruits, ovule into
seeds, ovary wall and fruit wall respectively.
10. Parthenocarpy is defined as:
(a) Development of roots with fertilization.
(b) Development of fruits with fertilization.
(c) Development of roots without fertilization.
(d) Development of fruits without fertilization.
RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (d) Parthenocarpy is defined as development of
fruit without fertilization. It is a type of asexual
reproduction in which the egg develops without the
fusion of male gametes. Examples-Crepis, Parthenium.
11. Which of the following serves as a nutritive
tissue for the growing embryo?
(a) Ovule (b) Ovary
(c) Endosperm (d) Zygote
RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans : (c) A triploid primary endospore nucleus, a
nutrient structure, is developed in embryosac as the
result of double fertilization and triple fusion. This is
called endosperm. Endosperm is the most important
nutritive tissue. Endosperm serves as source of food
material to the growing embryo and also to seedling in
angiosperms.
12. Identify a type of asexual reproduction which
involves reproduction through parts of the
plant such as roots, stem and leaves?
(a) Fragmentation
(b) Vegetative propagation
(c) Fission
(d) Budding
RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans : (b) Vegetative propagation involves the formation
of new plants from roots, stems, and leaves. It is a form
of asexual reproduction of a plant. The new plant is
genetically identical to the parent. New plants grow
from parts of the parent plant such as: In garlic, flowers
are transformed into bulbs and these bulbs are
developed in new plants.
13. In which of the flowering plants are buds
produced in the notches along the leaf margin?
(a) Bryophyta (b) Bryophyllum
(c) Banana (d) Rose
RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans. (b) In Bryophyllum, vegetative reproduction
occurs through leaves. Leaves of Bryophyllum have
adventitious buds which help in vegetative
reproduction. The adventitious buds arise from the
notches present at margins of leaves. These buds then
grow into a new plant plants are buds produced in the
notches along the leaf margin.
14. Which of the following is not a pollinating
agent for cross pollination?
(a) Water (b) Animals
(c) Wind (d) Plants
RRB ALP & Tec. (13-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (d) Pollination takes two forms:
(1) Self pollination
(2) Cross pollination
Self-pollination occurs when the pollen from the anther
is deposited on the stigma of the same flower, or
another flower on the same plant. Cross-pollination is
the transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to
the stigma of another flower on a different individual of
the same species. Cross-pollination is always dependant
on another agent to cause the transfer of pollen. The
agents of pollination include birds, animals, water,
wind, and insects. Based on the agent of pollination,
cross-pollination can be of different types:
(1) Hydrophilous flowers-These flowers are
pollinated by water means.
(2) Zoophilous flowers– In this type of pollination, the
pollinating agents are animals like human beings,
bats, birds etc.
(3) Anemophilous flowers– These flowers are
pollinated by the wind.
(4) Entomophilic flowers– These flowers are
pollinated by insects.
Apart from these, other artificial methods are also
adopted.
15. The group of crop plants that are vegetatively
propagated is:
(a) Potato, papaya and banana
(b) Sugarcane, potato and banana
(c) Groundnut, drum stick and cashew nut
(d) Onion, coriander and lime
RRB ALP & Tec. (21-08-18 Shift-III)
 Ans : (b) The group of sugarcane, potato and banana
crop plants are the main crops grown by vegetative
propagation . In these plants, new plants are developed
from a particular part of the parent plant. It is a type of
asexual reproduction.
16. Which part of the plant is specialized to
reproduce asexually in a Runner (grass)?
(a) Flower (b) Root
(c) Stem (d) Leaf
RRB Group-D 10-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) : The stem is a part of the plant specialized to
reproduce asexually in a Runner (grass). Asexual
reproduction is a mode of reproduction in which a new
offspring is produced by a single parent. The new
individuals produced are genetically and physically
identical to each other, there is no role of gametes in
asexual reproduction. There are six types of it:
(1) Fission (2) Budding (3) Spore formation
(4) Regeneration (5) Fragmentation
(4) Vegetative propagation
17. The onset or recovery of normal development
by a latent or dormant embryo is called .......
(a) Seed dormancy
(b) Fruit bunch or fruit set
(c) Germination
(d) Ripening of fruits
RRB Group-D 07-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (c) The growth of a seed into a young plant or a
seedling is called germination. Seed dormancy can be
defined as the state or a condition in which seeds are
prevented from germinating even under the favourable
environmental conditions for germination including,
temperature, water, light, gas, seed coats, and other
mechanical restrictions.
18. In which of the following types of reproduction,
only one parent is involved?
(a) Asexual reproduction
(b) Sexual reproduction
(c) Multiple fission
(d) Binary fission
RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (*) : Reproduction means to reproduce. It is a
biological process by which an organism reproduces an
offspring who is biologically similar to the organism.
Reproduction enables and ensures the continuity of
species, generation after generation. It is the main
feature of life on earth. Reproduction includes asexual
reproduction and sexual reproduction.
Note - This question has been cancelled by the RRB.
19. The transfer of pollen from the anthers of one
flower to the stigma of the same plant is called
……. .
(a) Regeneration (b) Transpiration
(c) Sexual reproduction (d) Pollination
RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (d) Pollination is defined as the placement or
transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the
same flower or another flower. It is mainly of two types
- 1. Self-pollination 2. Cross-pollination.
20. Through which of the following methods,
plants can be grown by single parent plant in
disease free condition ?
(a) Regeneration (b) Spore formation
(c) Tissue culture (d) Sexual reproduction
RRB Group-D 01-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (c) Tissue culture is the process by which the
plants are produced in artificial conditions by using
growth hormone as a growth and differentiation factor.
tissue is isolated from any part of the disease free plant
and it is cultured in the nutrient media under standard
lab conditions. The tissue grows into a mass of cell
known as callus which differentiates into root and
shoots in the presence of auxin and cytokinins
respectively and finally turns into the new plant. The
obtained plant is subculture into a number of the plant
by the process of micro propagation.
21. Plant that does not grow by vegetative
propagation:
(a) Banana (b) Rose
(c) Orange (d) Papaya
RRB Group-D 20-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (d) Papaya does not grow by vegetative
propagation. Banana, rose and orange are propagated
vegetatively. Vegetative propagation or vegetative
reproduction is the process of multiplication in which a
portion of fragment of the plant body functions as
propagates and develops into a new individual.
22. The seed of a plant is consists of the …….of the
next plant.
(a) Stigma (b) Ovule
(c) Ovary (d) Embryo
RRB Group-D 19-09-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans. (d) : The seed of a plant is consists of the embryo
of the next plant. The growth of a seed into a young
plant or a seedling is called germination. At the time of
germination, a small plant starts to emerge from the
seed. This happens mainly when the seed gets the
favourable environment and substances.
23. A reproduction in which a branch of plants
starts to grow separately, is called ……….
(a) Vegetative reproduction
(b) Fission
(c) Sexual reproduction
(d) Regeneration
RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) A reproduction in which a branch of plants
starts to grow separately, is called vegetative
reproduction. Vegetative reproduction is also known as
vegetative propagation .Fragmentation is a type of
vegetative reproduction. This type of vegetative
reproduction is commonly met within filamentous
forms of algae, e.g., Ulothrix, Spirogyra, etc. The
fragmentation of colonies also takes place in several
blue green algae, e.g., Aphanocapsa, Aphanothece,
Nostoc, etc.
24. Asexual reproduction occurs in -
(a) Highly developed animals
(b) Plants
(c) Under developed animals
(d) Under developed animals and plants
RRB Group-D 27-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) A sexual reproduction occurs in under
developed animals and plants. Asexual reproduction is
the primary form of reproduction for single-celled
organisms such as the archaebacteria, eubacteria,
cyanobacteria like Nostoc and protists like Amoeba.
Many plants (algae like Chlamydomonas) and fungi
reproduce asexually. It is a process by which new
organisms arise without production of seeds or spores.
This method of reproduction is completed without
fertilization.
25. Pollen grains are produced by. . . . .
(a) Anther (b) Ovary
(c) Stigma (d) Filament
RRB Group-D 12-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (a) Pollination is defined as the placement or
transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the
same flower or another flower. Pollination is mainly of
two types –
(1) Self-pollination
(2) Cross pollination.
Therefore, pollen grains are produced by the anther.
Pollen is the actual male gametes.
26. Pollination is followed by. . . . . . . . .
(a) Differentiation (b) Spore formation
(c) Fertilization (d) Transpiration
RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) Pollination is defined as the placement or
transfer of pollen from the anther to the stigma of the
same flower or another flower. Pollination is followed
by fertilization, i.e, after pollination, stamens, sepals
and petals either fall off or remain attached to the fruit.
27. Which of the following reproduce through stem
of the plant?
(a) Bryophyllum (b) Rose
(c) Tamarind (d) Bryophyta
RRB Group-D 12-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) : The rose reproduces through the stem of the
plant. The rose is a woody perennial flowering shrub,
having sharp appendages as prickles. The scientific name
of rose is Rosa indica. It belongs to family Rosaceae.
28. Which of the given below is present in the
carpels?
(a) Pollination (b) Ovule
(c) Petals (d) Sepals
RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) : Ovule is present in the carpels. Ovary form
the base of the pistil. The ovary holds the ovules.
Ovules are the egg cells of a flower. Nucellus is the
central part of ovule in which embryo sac is present. It
is a mass of parenchymatous cells and forms the major
part of the ovule. Endosperm is the nutritive structure
formed from triple fusion that provides nutrition to the
developing embryo.
29. Which of the following is not a mode of asexual
reproduction?
(a) Budding (b) Binary Fission
(c) Fragmentation (d) Cross fertilization
RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) Budding, binary fission and fragmentation are
all three types of asexual reproduction, while cross
fertilization is a type of sexual reproduction.
30. Pollination by wind is called :
(a) Hydrophily (b) Pollinophily
(c) Anemophily (d) Herbophily
RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) Pollination by wind in flowers is called
anemophily and these flowers are called anemophilous
flowers. ex, maize. Pollination by water is called
hydrophily.
31. Pollination is …………………… .
(a) Transmission of pollen from stigma to anther
(b) Production of pollen in plants
(c) Transmission of pollen from anther to stigma
(d) Development of pollen tube in spore.
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains
from the anther of one flower to the stigma of the same
or another flower. Pollination occurs in two ways -
(1) Self–Pollination
(2) Cross–Pollination
16. Economic Importance of
Animals and Plants
1. Which fungus is also used as a fungicide?
(a) Trichoderma harzianum
(b) Microsporidia
(c) Basidiomycota
(d) Haemophytes
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 29.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) Trichoderma harzianum is a soluble organic
fungicide. The fungus Trichoderma species are free-
living fungi that are very common in root ecosystems
and are effective biocontrol agents of several plant
pathogens. Trichoderma harzianum is an effective
biocontrol agent against several fungal soil-borne plant
pathogens. They have an inhibitory effect on the growth
of mycelium of Pythium. They suppress the growth of
fungi in order to allow the plant to grow favorably.
2. .......... can be used as an olfactory indicator -
(a) Vanilla (b) Gosseberry
(c) Tamarind (d) Alum
RRB JE 27.05.2019 (Shift-I)
RRB Group-D 25-09-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) Vanilla is used as an olfactory indicator. It
belongs to family Orchidaceae, it is used in perfume
making in the beauty cosmetics industry. It is the only
orchid widely used for industrial purposes in flavoring
such products as foods, beverages and cosmetics, and is
recognized as the most popular aroma and flavor.
3. Which of the following is the best source of
Omega-3 fatty acids?
(a) Corn oil (b) Sardines
(c) Spinach (d) Wheat products
RRB JE 02.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) Sardines are best source of Omega-3 fatty
acids. Sardines are small silvery elongated fishes with a
single short dorsal fin. It is food fishes of the herring
family. Clupeidae.
4. The process of separating cotton fibers from
seeds is called:
(a) Ginning (b) Carding
(c) Scutching (d) Spinning
RRB NTPC 05.03.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Cotton is obtained from cotton balls. These
balls burst and open on maturing after which white
strands of cotton fibre are visible. The process of
separation of cotton fibres from seeds is known as
ginning.
5. For treatment of which of the following is the
bark of the Arjuna tree primarily used?
(a) Tuberculosis (b) Skin disease
(c) Heart disease (d) Inflammation
RRB NTPC 17.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) The bark of Arjuna tree has been used in India
for more than 3000 years, primarily as a heart remedy.
Arjuna tree is also used for bile duct disorders, scorpion
stings and poisonings. An Indian physician named
Vagbhata has been credited as the first to used this
product for heart condition in the 7th century A.D
6. Which fibre crop is used for making coarse
cloth, bags, sacks and decorative items?
(a) Hemp (b) Hoopvine
(c) Jute (d) Cotton
RRB NTPC 12.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Jute is one of the most affordable natural
fibres. Jute fibres are composed primarily of the plant
material cellulose and lignin. Jute is used in making of
ropes, mats, bags, sacks, etc. Jute is mainly of two
types:
– White Jute
– Dark Jute
India is the largest producer of jute in the world.
7. Which of the following medicinal plant can be
used to treat blood pressure?
(a) Jamun (b) Tulsi
(c) Sarpagandha (d) Babool
RRB NTPC 08.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Sarpagandha is taken from the roots of a plant
named Indian snakeroot and is a vital drug in Ayurveda
used for high blood pressure, asthma and insomnia.
8. Taxol is extracted from which plant?
(a) Yew (b) Chir
(c) Chir (d) Neem
RRB NTPC 04.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Taxol is mainly extracted from Yew tree. It is
mainly found in mountainous regions of Northern
hemisphere. In India, it is mainly found in Himalayan
regions. Taxol is an anti-cancer drug, and used in lung
breast & ovarian cancer and Kaposi's sarcoma.
9. Which plant is called 'Green Gold'?
(a) Neem (b) Tulsi
(c) Bamboo (d) Ginger
RRB NTPC 01.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Bamboo is called ‘Green Gold’ because it is
becoming increasingly more valuable in the global
economy. It belongs to the grass family and it is one of
the fastest growing plant. Millions of Indians rely on
bamboo for a part of their entire livelihoods. India is the
world's second largest cultivator of bomboo after China.
10. Name the plant from which the anti-malarial
drug Quinine is extracted?
(a) Cinchona (b) Eucalyptus
(c) Dandelion (d) Basil
RRB NTPC 09.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(a) Quinine, the anti-malarial drug is extracted
from the bark of Cinchona. Cinchona is a genus of
flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae containing at
least 23 species of trees and shrubs.
11. Which of the following is a source of quinine?
(a) Cinchona (b) Neem
(c) Bamboo (d) Teak
RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) Cinchona is a source of quinine.
12. Quinine, a common medication for malaria, is
extracted from the barks of ............ trees.
(a) Beech (b) Eucalyptus
(c) Cinchona (d) Maple
RRB NTPC 16.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) Malaria is caused by the bite of female
Anopheles mosquito. It is a parasite disease caused by
Plasmodium. In treatment, the drug quinine is
commonly used which is obtained from bark of
Cinchona trees.
13. Which Indian spice did the Indian government
challenge the US patenting the force them to
revoke it?
(a) Mustard (b) Clove
(c) Turmeric (d) Cardamom
RRB NTPC 30.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) Indian government challenges the US for
patenting turmeric and forces then to revoke it.
American K. Das and Hari Har P. Cohly of the
University of Mississippi medical center put a claim to
the US patent and trademark office, maintaining that
they had discovered hold's healing properties. In March
1950, they received a patent for Haldi medication.
14. Litmus solution is extracted from ………. .
(a) Hydrangea (b) Petunia
(c) Geranium (b) Lichen
RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans : (d) : Litmus solution is a purple dye, which is
extracted from Lichen, a plant belonging to division
Thallophyta and is commonly used as an acid-base
indicator. It is a natural indicator. This solution is
neither acidic nor alkaline. Lichens are considered good
indicators of air pollutants.
15. The process of increasing soil fertility through 20. Which of the following is not a plant product?
earthworms is called: (a) Jute (b) Rubber
(a) Organic farming (b) Vermi composting (c) Teak (d) Honey
(c) Eutrophicatio n (d) Worm casting RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-II) Stage IInd
RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-09, Yellow paper) Ans : (d) Honey is not a plant product. Honey is a
Ans : (b) The process of increasing soil fertility sweet, viscous food substance made by honey bees.
through earthworms is called vermicomposting. Bees collect honey and produce wax, while jute, rubber
Vermicompost is the product of the decomposition and teak are plant products.
process using various species of worms, usually red 21. Which of the following is reared for fleece /
wigglers, white worms, and other earthworms, to create fiber?
a mixture of decomposing vegetable or food waste, (a) Alpaca (b) Alabama
bedding materials, and vermicast. This process is called (c) Apache (d) Alluvial
vermicomposting, while the rearing of worms for this RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
purpose is called vermiculture. It is a natural, complete Ans : (a) The Alpaca belongs to the camel family and
and balanced diet for all types of crops. resembles the llama.It is valued for its wool and reared
16. Antibiotic Penicillin is obtained from fungi mainly in South America. Australia is the world's
………. . leading producer and dominant exporter country of
(a) Neomycin (b) Streptomycin premium quality fine wool. Chemicals are used in
(c) Penicillium (d) Erythromycin manufacturing of wool from soft grass.Merino wool is
RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist produced in Australia mainly. Kashmir, Punjab,
Ans : (c) Antibiotic is a type of chemical substance , Rajasthan are leading wool producer states in India.
produced by some microorganisms. It can retard growth 22. Which of the following is rich in dietary fiber?
or kill other disease causing microorganisms. The (a) Ice cream (b) White bread
Antibiotic Penicillin is obtained from fungus (c) Apples (d) Noodles
Penicillium notatum. RRB JE 25.05.2019 (Shift-I)
17. Which of the following is not a lucrative insect? Ans. (c) Apples are rich in dietary fiber. Dietary fiber
(a) Termite (b) Lac insect also called roughage or bulk includes the parts of plant
(c) Silk moth (d) Honey bee foods that our body can't digest or absorb Examples of
RRB NTPC 10.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist dietary products are barley, lentils, peas, Soy milk and
Ans.(a) Those species of insects which help in Soy products etc.
pollination, pest control and crop production are called 23. Usually, the twig of which tree is used to clean
‘beneficial’ or friend of farmers while termites are not teeth?
beneficial insects. These insects are lac insect, bee, silk (a) Mango (b) Neem
moth etc. (c) Teak (d) Banana
18. ---------is also called 'Golden Fiber' RRB JE 26.05.2019 (Shift-II)
(a) Maize (b) Wheat Ans. (b) Usually, the twig of neem tree is used to clean
(c) Jute (d) Rice teeth.
Ans. (c) : Jute is known as the golden fiber. That's an 24. Which among the following animals usually
appropriate name for the yellowish brown, shiny, pulls buggy?
natural vegetable fiber produced from plants of genus (a) Camel (b) Horse
corchorus. India is the largest producer of Jute and India (c) Donkey (d) Cow
is followed by Bangladesh and China. Indian state West RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Bengal is the largest producer of Jute. Ans. (b) Usually, horse pulls the buggy.
19. Silk is obtained from: 25. Which plant is used in Ayurveda for improving
(a) Bombyx mori (b) Musca domestica memory?
(c) Culex (d) Butterfly (a) Basil (b) Vasaka
RRB NTPC 08.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist (c) Brahmi (d) Amla
RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans.(a) Silk is a natural protein fiber produced by the
larvae of certain specific insects like caterpillars of Ans. (c) Brahmi plant is used in Ayurveda for
moths. It is mainly composed of fibroin. There are 4 improving memory. Brahmi is a therapeutic herb
natural silk varieties, namely Mulberry silk, Tasar silk, commonly used as a memory enhancer, aphrodisiac and
Muga silk, and Eri silk. The best-known silk is obtained a health tonic.
from the cocoons of the larvae of the mulberry 26. Soil fertility in paddy fields can be improved by
silkworm Bombyx mori reared in captivity (sericulture). …………. .
Silk was first discovered in China. India is the only (a) Potassium chloride (b) Blue green algae
country to produce all five known commercial varieties (c) Gypsum (d) Sodium chloride
of silk (Mulberry, Tropical Tasar, Oak Tasar, Eri, and RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Coral). Most of the mulberry silk variety is produced in Ans. (b) Soil fertility in paddy fields can be improved
the country. by blue-green algae (BGA).
27. Generally, Moroccan leather is obtained from
the skin of :
(a) Cow (b) Camel
(c) Goat (d) Boar
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Green paper)
Ans. (c) : Moroccan leather is a soft, pliable form of
leather widely used for gloves,shoes, book bindings,
wallets, linings for fine luggage. In the 16th century, the
finest grades of Morocco leather are goatskin, but by the
late 19th century other skins often are also substituted in
practice.
28. From which part of the plant do we get coffee?
(a) Bark (b) Leaf
(c) Roots (d) Beans
RRB JE 23.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) We get coffee from beans plant. Coffee
contains a substance called caffeine, has a mild
stimulating effect. It is a popular beverage. Coffee is
produced in Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu in India.
17. Genetic Engineering and
Biotechnology
1. Which of the following includes genetic
engineering?
(a) Globalisation (b) Bloodless revolution
(c) Green revolution (d) Gene revolution
RRB NTPC 12.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) : Genetic engineering is the process of using
recombinant DNA technology to alter the genetic
makeup of an organism. Genetic engineering involves
the direct manipulation of one or more genes.
2. Biotechnology means -
(a) Technical study of bacteria.
(b) Technical study of chemicals in the body.
(c) Infusion of technology in human anatomy.
(d) Use of living organisms in industrial processes.
RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) Biotechnology involves using living
organisms in the production of food and medicine.
Methods of genetic engineering, that involve the
modification of genes, are used in this branch of
bioscience. Humans have used biotechnology since the
dawn of civilization. It dates back several thousand
years to when people inadvertently discovered the
usefulness of single-celled organisms like yeasts and
bacteria in bakery and production of wines, beer,
cheese, vinegar, natural medicines, etc.
3. Which of the following genetically modified
(GM) crops has been given permission to be
legally cultivated in India?
(a) BT Cotton (b) BT Potato
(c) GM Mustard (d) BT Brinjal
RRB NTPC 02.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(a) Bt cotton is the only genetically modified (GM)
crop that has been approved for commercial cultivation
in 2002 by the Government of India.
4. A genetically modified version of Brinjal was
developed. What was its purpose?
(a) Make draught resistant
(b) Improve its storage life
(c) Make pest resistant
(d) Improve its taste
RRB NTPC 25.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) The genetically modified (GM) Bt brinjal in
India has been developed mainly for insect resistance.
Through genetic engineering Bt toxin genes were
isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis and incorporated
into the several crop plants such as Cotton, Brinjal.
5. Reproducing new plants through cells instead
of vegetative parts or seeds is called:
(a) Tissue culture (b) Regeneration
(c) Multiple fission (d) Binary fission
RRB ALP & Tec. (29-08-18 Shift-I)
Ans : (a) Reproducing new plants through cells instead
of vegetative parts or seeds is called tissue culture. Plant
tissue culture is a collection of techniques used to
maintain or grow plant cells, tissues or organs under
sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of
known composition. The success for plant tissue culture
is based on the principle called totipotency. In 1902,
Haberlandt was the first scientist to produce whole
plants from plant tissues and so he is popularly called as
the 'Father of Tissue Culture’.
6. To pinpoint a criminal, Forensic department
uses the technique called:
(a) DNA Editing
(b) DNA Slicing
(c) DNA Fingerprinting
(d) DNA Amplification
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) To pinpoint a criminal, forensic department
uses the technique called DNA fingerprinting. All the
cells of a person, whether it is blood or skin or sperm or
hair, all carry same DNA. DNA profiling (also called
DNA fingerprinting) is the process of determining an
individual's DNA characteristics. DNA fingerprinting is
a forensic technique in criminal investigations,
comparing criminal suspects' profiles to DNA. It was
developed in 1984 by Geneticist Sir Alec Jeffreys in the
United Kingdom.
DNA editing - is related to human embryo.
DNA slicing - is related to changes in genes.
DNA amplification - is related to gene clones.
7. Who isolated DNA for first time?
(a) Friedrich Miescher
(b) Albrecht Kossel
(c) Phoebus Levene
(d) James Watson and Francis Crick
RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) D.N.A was isolated by Friedrich Miescher
for first time. DNA is found in chromosomes of living
cells. It contains four nucleotides called adenine,
guanine, thymine and cytosine.
8. In 2013, the first human liver was grown from
stem cells in ………. .
(a) Japan
(b) United States America
(c) Germany
(d) France
RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) In 2013, the first human liver was grown
from stem cells in Japan. Stem cells are cells which
have the capacity to mature into cells with the
characteristic shapes and specified functions of other
cells in the body, such as heart, skin, muscle and nerve
cells. Such cells are microscopic in size and can be
found in all multi-cellular organisms. Research into
stem cells grew out of findings by Canadian biologists
Ernest A. McCulloch and James E. Till at the
University of Toronto in the 1960.
9. What does CRISPR mean?
(a) Category Regularly-Interspaced Short
Palindromic Reserve
(b) Category Regularly-Interspaced Short
Palindromic Repeats
(c) Clustered Regularly-Interspaced Short
Palindromic Repeats
(d) Categorically regularly-interspaced short
palindromic repeats
RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) CRISPR is short form for "Clustered
Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats". It is
a technique to produce desired results by changing
genes. It is cheaper, faster and more accurate than all
the techniques used for DNA editing. This technique
allows researchers to easily alter DNA sequences and
modify gene function. Its many potential applications
include correcting genetic defects, treating and
preventing the spread of diseases and improving crops.
10. What is another name for genetic engineering?
(a) DNA Fingerprinting
(b) DNA editing
(c) Recombinant DNA technology
(d) Genetic treatment
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) Recombinant DNA technology is popularly
known as genetic engineering. The technology used for
producing artificial DNA through the combination of
different genetic materials (DNA) from different
sources is referred to as Recombinant DNA technology.
It is a technique by which the genetic disorders of
organism are improved by altering the DNA of
organism.
11. Which of the following is not an example of a
transgenic crop?
(a) Brinjal (b) Spinach
(c) Tomato (d) Maize
RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Spinach is not an example of a transgenic
crop. Spinach (Spinacia oleracea) is a plant of the
Amaranthaceae family, which leaves and stems are used
as herb. Mineral salts and vitamins are found in
sufficient amounts in Spinach.
12. Find odd one out regarding genetic engineering.
(a) Bt cotton (b) Golden Rice
(c) Amflora (d) Okra
RRB NTPC 05.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) Bt cotton, Golden Rice and Amflora are
varieties of cotton, rice and potato developed by genetic
engineering respectively whereas Okra is a vegetable,
also known as 'Ram taroi'. It is not developed by genetic
engineering.
13. In which of the following processes, the cell
comprises another living part or origin of exact
copy of a complete organism?
(a) Cloning
(b) In-Vitro Fertilization
(c) Fertilization
(d) Regeneration
RRB Group-D 09-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) : A clone can be defined as an individual
organism that is grown from a single body cell of its
parent and that is genetically identical to it. The process
of creating an exact copy of a biological unit (e.g. a
DNA sequence, cell, or organism) from which it was
derived especially by way of biotechnological methods,
is called cloning.The cloning process involves the
creation of an exact copy of the cell of another living
part or a complete organism.
14. Who is known as the father of DNA
Fingerprinting in India?
(a) Sir Alec Jeffreys (b) P.S .Rao
(c) Mukesh Sharma (d) Lalji Singh
RRB Group-D 11-12-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (d) Dr. Lalji Singh is known as the father of
DNA Fingerprinting in India. He was belonged to
Jaunpur originally. He is also well known for his
contribution in the molecular basis of sex determination,
wildlife conservation, forensics and evolution and
migration of humans. He has also been a former director
of the Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology
(CCMB) in Hyderabad. He was also the Chancellor of
the Banaras Hindu University.
18. Major Biologist/Inventions
1. Who discovered Penicillin?
(a) Ian Fleming
(b) Alexander Fleming
(c) Stephen Hawking
(d) Alexander Graham Bell
RRB NTPC 10.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist RRB
NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Sir Alexander Fleming, a Scottish researcher,
is credited with the discovery of Penicillin in 1928.
Stephen William Hawking was an English theoretical
physicist, cosmologist, and author and Alexander
Graham Bell invented the telephone.
2. Which of the following was the first antibiotic
discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928?
(a) Penicillin (b) Prontosil
(c) Streptomycin (d) Tetracycline
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III)
ALP Stage -II 22.01.2019 (shift - II)
RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) See the explanation of the above question.
3. Who invented the Smallpox vaccine?
(a) D Rutherford (b) Louis Pasteur
(c) Edward Jenner (d) James Chadwick
RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
RRB NTPC 25.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) Smallpox vaccine introduced by Edward
Jenner in 1796 was the first successful vaccine to be
developed. Edward Jenner was a British Physician and
scientist who pioneered the concept of Vaccines, which
are derived from Variola vaccine (Smallpox of cow).
4. Who invented pacemaker for first time?
(a) Virginia Apgar
(b) John Hopps
(c) Christiaan Barnard
(d) Earle Dickson
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 30.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans : (b) Canadian electrical engineer John Hopps
invented the first pacemaker in 1950. A cardiac
pacemaker is a medical device that generates electrical
impulses delivered by electrodes to cause the heart
muscle chambers to contract and therefore pump blood;
by doing so this device regulates the function of the
electrical conduction system of the heart. The primary
purpose of a pacemaker is to maintain an adequate heart
rate.
Virginia Apgar (obstetrical anesthesiologist) is related
to Apgar Score.
Christiaan Barnard is concerned with first human heart
transplant.
Earle Dickson was inventor of adhesive bandages
(Band-Aid).
5. The Polio vaccine was discovered by:
(a) Isaac Newton (b) Marie Curie
(c) Jonas Salk (d) Albert Einstein
RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-III)
Ans : (c) Polio is a virus- borne disease that occurs in
children mostly. The Polio vaccine was discovered by
Jonas Salk. India has been declared polio free country
by WHO on the 27 March, 2014. In 1995, India
launched Pulse Polio immunization program with
Universal Immunization Program which aimed at 100%
coverage.
6. Who prepared the first effective polio vaccine?
(a) Louis Pasteur (b) Robert Edwards
(c) John Gibbson (d) Jonas E. Salk
RRB JE 28.06.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
7. Theophrastus is called the father of:
(a) Chemistry (b) Botany
(c) Physics (d) Zoology
RRB NTPC 13.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Theophrastus is known as the 'Father of
Botany'. Aristotle is called 'Father of Zoology and
Biology'. Antoine Lavoisier is known as the 'Father of
Chemistry'. Father of physics is Issac Newton.
8. Who is the father of Medicine?
(a) Hippocrates (b) Archimedes
(c) Aristotle (d) William Harvey
RPF SI 24.12.2018 (Shift - I)
Ans. (a) : Hippocrates was a Greek physician who is
considered as one of the most outstanding figures in the
history of medicine. He is referred as the Father of
Medicine. He was born in Greece in 460 BC.
9. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek is famous for the
discovery of …………. .
(a) Microscope (b) Nylon
(c) Laser (d) Radio valve
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 27.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans : (a) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was a Dutch
scientist who was the first to observe bacteria and
protozoa by his own-made microscope in 1666.
10. Louis Pasteur is known for discovery of:
(a) Polio vaccine
(b) Chicken pox vaccine
(c) Small pox vaccine
(d) Rabies vaccine
RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) Louis Pasteur is known for discovery of
'rabies vaccine' and 'pasteurization of milk' while
'smallpox vaccine' was discovered by Edward Jenner
and 'polio vaccine' was discovered by Jonas. E. Salk.
11. The oral polio vaccine was developed by ………. .
(a) Edward Jenner (b) Alexander Fleming
(c) Albert Sabin (d) Jonas Salk
RRB NTPC 07.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) The oral polio vaccine was developed by
Albert Sabin. Smallpox vaccines were invented by
Edward Jenner. Alexander Fleming, the inventor of the
Penicillin, was a biologist and pharmacist of Scotland.
12. What is the name of the instrument designed
by Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose to measure
plant growth?
(a) Crescograph (b) Cardiograph
(c) Polygraph (d) Telegraph
RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) A crescograph is defined as the device which
is used for measuring the growth in plants. Sir Jagadish
Chandra Bose, an Indian botanist and biologist invented
this device in 20th century.
13. Crescograph, an instrument used to measure
plant growth, was invented by ………………. .
(a) Hyder Ali
(b) Satyendra Bose
(c) Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar
(d) Jagadish Chandra Bose
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 28.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans : (d) Crescograph, an instrument used to measure
plant growth, was invented by Jagadish Chandra Bose
in 1919. He had deep knowledge of Physics, Biology,
Botany and Archeology. He was an Indian physicist
who pioneered the investigation of radio optics and
microwaves.
14. What did Edward Jenner pioneer?
(a) Vaccination (b) Electrocution
(c) Dialysis (d) Open heart surgery
RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Edward Jenner pioneered vaccination. The
smallpox vaccine, introduced by Edward Jenner in
1796, was the first successful vaccine to be developed
while polio vaccine was developed by Jonas Salk and
Albert Bruce Sabin.
15. Dr. Salim Moizuddin Abdul Ali was famous
as:
(a) Ornithologist
(b) Surgeon
(c) Lawyer
(d) Computer Scientist
RRB NTPC 04.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (a) Dr. Sálim Moizuddin Abdul Ali was an
Indian ornithologist and naturalist. Sometimes referred
to as the ‘Birdman of India’, Salim Ali was the first
Indian to conduct systematic bird surveys across India
and wrote several bird books that popularized
ornithology in India. He received Padma Bhushan in the
category of Civilian Award in the field of Science and
Engineering in 1958 and was honoured by the
Government of India with Padma Vibhushan in 1976.
16. Which of the following instrument is used for
measuring growth in plant?
(a) Bolometer (b) Crescograph
(c) Chronometer (d) Cardiograph
RRB NTPC 12.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) Crescograph is a device used for measuring
the growth in plants. It was invented by Sir Jagadish
Chandra Bose in 1928. Besides crescograph,
auxanometer is also used for measuring the growth of
the plant in terms of length.
Bolometer – This instrument is used for measuring heat
radiation.
Chronometer– measures accurate time of a fixed
location.
Cardiograph – It registers movements of the heart
graphically.
17. Who performed the world's first human heart
transplant?
(a) Norman Shumway (b) Christiaan Barnard
(c) Nikolai Sinitsyn (d) James Hardy
RRB NTPC 10.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) On 3 December 1967, a large medical,
nursing, and technical team led by the surgeon
Christiaan Barnard performed the world’s first human
to human heart transplant, placing Groote Schuur
Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. ECG refers to
cardiac functioning. Inadequate blood supply to heart
leads to heart attack.
18. Name the physiologist who won the nobel prize
in 2010 for invention of in-vitro fertilization
technology?
(a) James Watson (b) Robert Edwards
(c) Lewis Brown (d) Joshua Lederberg
RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-III) Stage IInd
Ans : (b) Robert Edwards was awarded the Nobel Prize
for Medicine for the invention of in-vitro fertilization
technology in the year 2010. Three american scientists
Jeffrey C Hall, Michael Rosbash and Michael W.
Young have been awarded the 2017 Nobel Prize for
Medicine for important research done on the subject of
the human body's internal biological rhythm. The 2018
Nobel Prize for Medicine was awarded to James P.
Allison (USA) and Tasuku Honjo (Japan) for their
research of cancer immunotherapy.
19. Name the famous biologist with whom the
Galapagos Islands is associated.
(a) Johann Gregor Mendel
(b) Ernst Haeckel
(c) Carl Linnaeus
(d) Charles Darwin
RRB NTPC 20.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans.(d) British Biologist, Charles Darwin made some
important studies in 1835 on Galapagos Islands which
played an important role in his therory of Evolution.
These islands are a part of Ecuador which is to the south
of Pacific Ocean. It is located at a distance of 1000 kms,
from the continent of South America.
20. Who is considered the first botanist?
(a) Theophrastus (b) Plato
(c) Pliny (d) Archimedes
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (a) Theophrastus is believed to be the first
botanist.
21. Who is the father of Immunology?
(a) Edward Jenner
(b) Antony Von Leuwenhoek
(c) Robert Koch
(d) Carl Linnaeus
RPF Constable 03.02.2019 (Shift - I)
Ans. (a) : Edward Jenner is known as father of
Immunology, who is much famous for his contribution
towards eradication of smallpox.
19. Miscellaneous
1. How is Nacre, the technical term for an extract
from the inside of a shell, better known as?
(a) Garnet (b) Onyx
(c) Mother-of-pearl (d) Opal
RRB NTPC 19.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans.(c) Nacre also known as mother of pearl, is an
organic-inorganic composite material produced by some
molluscs as an inner shell layer, it is also the material of
which pearls are composed. Pinctada vulgaris is the
mother of pearl.
2. Endemic species are those species of plants and
animals that .......
(a) Are found roaming freely in cities around the
world
(b) Are found only in a particular region
(c) Are harmful to the environment
(d) Depends on air and water for survival
RRB NTPC 24.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) : Endemic species are those plants and animals
that exist only in one geographical region. Species can
be endemic to large or small areas of the world. Some
may be endemic to the particular continent; some are
endemic to a part of a continent, and others to a single
island. In simple words, "Endemic species are those that
are found in just one region and nowhere else in the
world." For example, Kangaroos (Australia), Asiatic
Lion (Gir Forest, Gujarat), Sangai Deer (Keibul Lamjao
National Park, Manipur), Lion- Tailed macaque
(Western Ghats of south India), Nilgiri Tahr (Tamil
Nadu and Kerala) etc.
3. Endemic species are those species of plants and
animals which are _______.
(a) Found in a particular area
(b) Found only forests
(c) In very good health
(d) Suffering from an epidemic
RRB NTPC 10.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) See the explanation of above question.
4. What is most likely cause for food poisoning?
(a) Eating food spoilt by microorganisms
(b) Eating frozen foods
(c) Eating home cooked food
(d) Eating food with preservatives
RRB NTPC 10.01.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Food poisoning, also called food borne illness,
this illness caused by eating contaminated food.
Infectious organisms including bacteria, viruses and
parasites or their toxins are the most common causes of
food poisoning.
5. What is the medico-legal name given to the
dissection and study of a dead human body?
(a) Analysis (b) Causa Medico
(c) Autolepsy (d) Autopsy
RRB JE 24.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) The medico-legal name given to the dissection
and study of a dead human body is autopsy.
6. In desert plants, the epidermis has a thick
waterproof coating of …………. .
(a) Cellulose (b) Lignin
(c) Pectin (d) Cutin
RRB Group-D 18-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) : In desert plants, the epidermis has a thick
waterproof coating of waxy substance called cutin
which is secreted by the subcutaneous cells. This
restricts the loss of water through transpiration.
7. An Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are given
below:
Assertion (A): Earthworms are not good for
agriculture.
Reason (R): Earthworms break down the soil
into fine particles and make it soft.
Select the correct one.
(a) A is true but R is false.
(b) A is false but R is true.
(c) Both A and R are true and R is the correct
explanation of A.
(d) Both A and R are false.
RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Statement A is false but Reason R is true.
Earthworms are good for agriculture, they break down
the soil into fine particles and make it soft, that is why,
earthworm is called friend of farmer.
8. The plants that grow in salt water are called:
(a) Hydrophyta (b) Halophyta
(c) Macrophyta (d) Xerophyte
RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (b) : A halophyte is a plant that grows in waters of
high salinity, coming into contact with saline water
through its roots or by salt spray, such as in saline semi-
deserts, mangrove swamps, marshes and sloughs and
seashores. Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass)is best
example of it.
9. ........... is a parasitic plant.
(a) Orchid (b) Leach
(c) Teak (d) Cuscuta
RRB Group-D 16-11-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) Cuscuta is a parasitic angiospermic plant. It
produces fruits and seeds. They are leaf- and rootless
parasites and grow on their host plants without touching
the soil. Their haustoria penetrate their host plants to
extract water and nutrients. Dodder vines fuse their
vascular systems with those of its host plants,
connecting them with its network. Its vine and seeds are
used as medicine.
10. The disease related with apple is known as:
(a) Fire blight (b) Red rust disease
(c) Tikka disease (d) Green ear disease
RRB NTPC 28.12.2020 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Fire blight is a plant disease, caused by the
bacterium Erwinia amylovora, that can give infected
plants a scorched appearance. This plant disease is
mainly related to apple.
11. ..........., is a chemical present in cork cells that
prevents the entry of gases and water into
them.
(a) Qutin (b) Safranin
(c) chitin (d) Suberin
RRB Group-D 17-09-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) : Suberin is a chemical present in cork cells
that prevents the entry of gases and water into them.
Suberin is found in the phellem layer which is the
outermost part of the bark.
12. In the context of the implementation of
medicines on the human body, match the
following:
1. Receptors a. Catalysts
2. Enzymes b. Neurologically active
3. Tranquilizers c. Proteins
(a) 1–c, 2–a, 3–b (b) 1–a, 2–c, 3–b
(c) 1–b, 2–a, 3–c (d) 1–a, 2–b, 3–c
RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-08, Green paper)
Ans : (a) Receptors - Receptors are protein molecules
that absorb chemical sensations from outside the cell.
Enzymes play significant role of catalysts in chemical
reactions in the human body.
Tranquilizer - Tranquilizer is a drug known to have an
effect on the central nervous system (CNS).
13. _____ is NOT a carnivorous plant.
(a) Corkscrew (b) Sundew
(c) Tiger Lily (d) Monkey cup
RRB NTPC 04.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) : There are currently around 630 species of
carnivorous plant known to science. These plants are
meat-eating plants consume insects, reptiles and small
mammals to absorb nutrients. Monkey cup , Corkscrew,
Sundew, Venus flytrap, Pitcher plant and Cobra lily are
some of the carnivorous plants, names. So out of given
plants tiger lily is not a carnivorous plants.
14. Bamboo flowering causes:
(a) Land to becomes infertile
(b) An increase in pests and insects
(c) A decrease in rainfall
(d) An increase in the population of rats
RRB NTPC 04.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) : Bamboo flowering causes an increase in the
population of rats. Bamboo is known to attract rats,
providing both a nesting place and desirable food
source.
15. What is the scientific name of India's national
bird, the Indian peacock?
(a) Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn
(b) Prosopis cineraria
(c) Pavo cristatus
(d) Strigiformes
RRB NTPC 23.07.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (c) : The scientific name of India's national bird,
the Indian peacock is Pavo cristatus. The scientific
name of national flower is Nelumbo Nucifera Gaertn
(Lotus) and scientific name of national animal is
Panthera tigris (Tiger).
16. Which of the following is a herbicide?
(a) BHC (b) 2, 4-, D
(c) DDT (d) Aldrin
RRB NTPC 17.02.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (b) : 2, 4 - Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid is an
organic compound, which is used as a herbicide.
17. Animals often blend in with their surroundings
for protection. Which of the following do that?
(a) Cats (b) Turtles
(c) Chameleons (d) Jerboa
RRB NTPC 11.02.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans (c) Camouflage, also called cryptic coloration, is a
defense or tactic that organisms use to disguise their
appearance, usually to blend in with their surroundings.
Organisms use camouflage to mask their location, identity,
and movement. This allows prey to avoid predators, and
for predators to sneak up on prey. For example
Chameleons change colors in order to communicate. When
a chameleon is threatened, it does not change color to
blend in to its surroundings. It changes color to warn other
chameleons that there is danger nearby.
18. Which of the following is NOT an abiotic
component?
(a) Water (b) Sun light
(c) Soil (d) Green Plant
RRB NTPC 30.12.2020 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) : An abiotic factor (component) is a non-living
part of an ecosystem that shapes its environment. For
example:– water, sunlight, soil, minerals, gases,
humidity etc.
Green plants are biotic factors (components).
19. Tendu, Amaltas, Bel are common trees found
in which type of forests in India?
(a) Tropical thorny forests
(b) Moist deciduous forests
(c) Montane forests
(d) Dry deciduous forests
RRB NTPC 20.01.12021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) : Dry Deciduous Forest :–These forests are
found in western Bihar, eastern Uttar Pradesh,
Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka, Tamil Nadu
and in arid regions of Deccan plateau.
Characteristics–These are prevalent in warm, arid
regions, where to the annual average rainfall ranges
between 50 to 100 cms. The temperature also remains
high throughout the year.
Species–The important trees found are Teak, Sal,
Tendu, Palas, Rosewood, Satinwood, Amaltas, Bel,
Lendi etc.
20. When animal feed on other dead animal, which
had died naturally or had been killed by
another animals, this relationship is termed as:
(a) Predation (b) Competition
(c) Scavenging (d) Symbiosis
RRB J.E. (14.12.2014, Yellow paper)
Ans : (c) When animal feed on other dead animal,
which had died naturally or had been killed by another
animals, this relationship is termed as Scavenging.
Scavenger has both carnivorous and herbivorous
feeding behavior in which the scavenger feeds on dead
animal and plant material present in its habitat.
Scavengers play an important role in the ecosystem by
consuming the dead animal and plant material.
21. Host of the red rot disease of plant is:
(a) Wheat (b) Rice
(c) Sugarcane (d) Cotton
RRB J.E. 2014 (14.12.2014 Red Paper)
Ans. (c) : Red rot is one of the oldest known diseases
of sugarcane. Red rot of sugarcane disease is caused by
Glomerella tucumanensis. The first external evidences
of disease are the drooping, withering, and finally
yellowing of the upper leaves. This is followed by a
similar wilting of the entire crown, and finally the entire
plant shows indications of disease. Diagnostic
symptoms can best be observed by splitting the stalk
lengthwise. The infected tissues have a dull red color
interrupted by occasional whitish patches across the
stalk.The best way to control red rot is to select setts for
planting from healthy plants in a disease- free area.
22. Which of the following gases is not generated in
a biogas plant?
(a) CO (b) H2S
(c) CH4 (d) CO2
RRB ALP & Tec. (09-08-18 Shift-II)
Ans : (a) : Biogas is primarily composed of methane
gas, carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of nitrogen,
hydrogen, and carbon monoxide. The gases generated
from the biogas plant are-
Methane (CH4) - 55–75%, carbon dioxide (CO2) - 25–
50% and some amounts of hydrogen, nitrogen,
hydrogen sulfide and water vapor whereas carbon
monoxide (CO) is not generated in biogas plant.
23. In plants, carbohydrates which are not used
immediately are stored in the form of:
(a) Fatty acids (b) Amino acids
(c) Starch (d) Fat
RRB ALP & Tec. (10-08-18 Shift-III)
Ans : (c) Starch is a polysaccharide carbohydrate
formed by the attachment of numerous glucose units by
glycosidic bonds. It is found only in plants.
24. The age of the tree is determined by:
(a) From the radius of its stem
(b) Number of annual rings
(c) Number of branches
(d) From the circumference of its stem
RRB SSE (21.12.2014, Set-07, Yellow paper)
Ans : (b) Age of tree can be determined by counting the
annual growth rings in its trunk. Each ring represents
one year, and the ring's thickness reveals the relative
amount of rainfall that year.The age of a tree can be
estimated by the number of concentric rings on a cross-
section of its trunk.
25. How is the age of the tree calculated?
(a) By measuring its circumference
(b) By measuring its height
(c) By counting the number of branches
(d) By counting the number of annual rings
RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) See the explanation of the above question.
26. Which of the following techniques is used to
know the age of the tree in years?
(a) Counting the number of branches
(b) Counting the number of annual rings
(c) Measurement size of bark
(d) Counting of season of its flowering.
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 26.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans : (b) The age of the tree is measured by counting
the annual rings.
27. Rhinoscope is an instrument for examining the
…………. .
(a) Brain (b) Eye
(c) Nose (d) Ears
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 19.01.2017 (Shift-I)
Ans : (c) The rhinoscope is a thin tube-like instrument
used to examine inside the nose. A rhinoscope has a
light and a lens for viewing and may have a tool to
remove tissue.
28. Recently, a species of bird known as
'Himalayan Forest Thrush' was found in :
(a) Dehradun (b) North East India
(c) Uttarakhand (d) Ladakh region
RRB NTPC 06.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) The 'Himalayan Forest Thrush' is a species of
bird , found in the Himalayan forests in Northeastern
India. This new species was discovered in 2016. It is the
first Indian bird named after great Indian ornithologist
late Salim Ali. The scientific name of the bird is
Zoothera salimalii.
29. India has developed the first vaccine for
bluetongue disease, mainly found in:
(a) Chicken (b) Dog
(c) Sheep and goats (d) Monkeys
RRB NTPC 11.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) : The disease is seen most often in sheep,
occasionally in goats, and rarely in cattle, caused by
Bluetongue virus (BTV) . Bluetongue virus affects
many domestic and wild ruminants.Signs of bluetongue
include fever, excessive salivation, depression, and
difficulty breathing. Animals may have nasal discharge
and reddened and ulcerated muzzle, lips, and ears.
30. What is the APGAR scale?
(a) Scale for measuring the height of mountains
(b) Time measurement scale
(c) Scale to determine the physical condition of a
newborn
(d) Longevity Scale
RRB NTPC 12.04.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) The Apgar score is a simple method of
quickly assessing the health and vital signs of a
newborn baby. It was created by Dr. Virginia Apgar in
1952. The Apgar score is determined by evaluating the
newborn baby on five simple criteria on a scale from
zero to two, then summing up the five values thus
obtained. The resulting score ranges from 0 to 10. The
five criteria are Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, Activity
and Respiration.
31. The process of optimizing fat content in milk is
called .......... .
(a) Vitamin fortification (b) Pasteurization
(c) Standardization (d) Homogenization
RRB NTPC 19.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) The process of optimizing fat content in milk
is called standardization. Standardization of milk refers
to the adjustment which means rising or lowering of fat
and solids.The standardization of milk is commonly
done in case of market milk supply and also in case of
manufacture of milk products. The milk must have 3 %
to double toned 1.5% fat.
Homogenization is a mechanical treatment of the fat
globules in milk brought about by passing milk under
high pressure through a tiny orifice, which results in a
decrease in the average diameter and an increase in
number and surface area, of the fat globules.
Pasteurization is heat-treatment process that destroys
pathogenic microorganisms in certain foods and
beverages. Vitamin fortification or fortification of food
has been implemented to prevent or control deficiencies
of minerals, vitamins and micronutrients.
32. Which of the following is used to measure
obesity?
(a) PMI (b) BMI
(c) AMI (d) KMI
RRB NTPC 28.03.2016 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans :(b) BMI is used to measure obesity. The most
common approach to measuring obesity is the Body
Mass Index (BMI), which is calculated by dividing a
person’s weight in kilograms by his or her height in
metres squared (kg/m2). This value is then matched to a
weight classification on a BMI chart, where
underweight, normal weight, overweight and obesity are
defined based on specific cut-offs which is presented
below:
Underweight <18.5
Normal range 18.5–24.9
Overweight 25–29.9
Obesity 30–39.9
Severe obesity ≥40
33. What is Aestivation?
(a) Animal sleep
(b) Death due to lack of food
(c) Water retention
(d) A stage in dreaming
RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) When animals take rest in shady and moist
place during summer, it is called Aestivation or
Estivation. Aestivation is also known as summer
sleep.It is also known as animal sleep. It occurs to the
animals living in deserts or tropical areas. It occurs
because of the hot and dry climate as well as due to the
lack of food and water. It occurs to the animals living in
deserts or tropical areas. In order to survive under hot
climate, the vertebrates like arthropods, mollusca,
reptiles, amphibians, (lady beetles, moths, salamanders,
crocodiles and tortoises of North America, aborigines,
swamp turtle greater siren, African hedgehogs) proceed
by going underground in the humid and cold region.
This last for the summer season and the animals get
active slowly at the end of the season.
34. What is Geotropism?
(a) Growth of plants in response to Gravity
(b) Growth of plants in response to Sunlight
(c) Growth of plants in response to Nutrients
(d) Growth of plants in reponse to Water
RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (a): Geotropism is the growth of plants in
response to Gravity. Mechanism theory about the
geotropism. Were first given by N. Cholodny (1927)
and Frits Went in 1928.
35. Which of the following is not a type of stem
cell?
(a) Umbilical cord (b) Fetus
(c) Blastocyst (d) Fat
RRB NTPC 02.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) Fat is not a type of stem cell. Fat serves as a
vehicle for delivering fat-soluble vitamins, and it can
also store these nutrients as insurance against a
deficiency. Dietary fats can come from both animal and
plant sources. It provides structure to cell membranes
and cushions internal organs to help prevent damage to
tissues.It provides energy for regular body functions.
Stem cells are special human cells that are able to
develop into many different cell types. Umbilical cord,
fetus and blastocyst are type of stem cells.
36. An assertion and a reason are given below.
Assertion: (A): Penguins are birds, found in the
hottest regions of the Earth.
Reason (R): Birds in hot areas do not have
wings.
Select the corret option:
(a) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct
explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct
explanation of A.
(c) A is true, but R is false.
(d) Both A and R are false.
RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (d) Penguin is a bird living in the coldest
regions of the Earth. Although, almost all penguin
species are native to the Southern Hemisphere. Highly
adapted for life in the water, penguins have
countershaded dark and white plumage and flippers for
swimming. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squid and
other forms of sea life which they catch while
swimming underwater. They spend roughly half of their
lives on land and the other half in the sea. Hence, option
(d) is correct.
37. Which of the following statements is true with
respect to Glucometer?
(a) It is a medical device.
(b) It is a non-medical device.
(c) It is used to measure oxygen level in the air
(d) It is used to measure nitrogen level in the air.
RRB NTPC 29.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans: (a) Glucometer is a medical device. Glucometer is
used to measure glucose level in blood . This device
allows diabetics to check blood pressure at regular
intervals without any help at home. It is also used to
measure hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) levels.
38. Bloodless surgery is done with:
(a) Lasers (b) Microneedles
(c) Scalpels (d) Fine scissors
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-II)
Ans : (a) Bloodless surgery is done with lasers. Laser
equipment is used in bloodless surgery, laser treatment,
surgery in the medical field. Laser technology proved to
be helpful in important diseases like cancer.
Microneedles: It is a skin treatment technique.
Scalpels: Relates to facial beauty. Fine scissors– To cut
and separate the soft tissues
39. India's livestock disease monitoring and
forecasting system is named as :
(a) Cattle Safety Laboratory
(b) Animal Safety Laboratory
(c) Biosafety Laboratory
(d) Vital Monitoring Laboratory
RRB NTPC 30.03.2016 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) India's livestock disease monitoring and
forecasting system is named as Biosafety Laboratory. It
is located in National Botanical Research Institute
(NBRI), Lucknow.
40. In 2010, where was the first successful full face
transplant performed?
(a) Turkey (b) France
(c) Spain (d) Germany
RRB NTPC 03.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) In 2010, doctors in Spain successfully
implanted a young man's face. He claims that such a
transplant has been done for the first time in the world.
Some time ago a young man had become a victim of an
accident, due to which he was unable to swallow
anything and breathe. A team of 30 doctors completed it
after surgery for about 2 days.
41. Which of the following is an example of
parasitic plant?
(a) Pitcher plant (b) Amarbel cuscuta
(c) Venus flytrap (d) Moss
RRB NTPC 18.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Nepenthes, also called tropical pitcher plant or
monkey cup, genus of carnivorous pitcher plants that
make up the only genus in the family
Nepenthaceae.These plants mainly grow in sandy
coastal swamps or moist places.
Amarabel cuscuta is a parasitic herbal plant. Amarbel is
widely used in the treatment for a headache, labour
pain, bone fracture, fever and rheumatism.
The Venus flytrap is a carnivorous plant native to
subtropical wetlands.
Moss is a rootless plant. It grows on bark and rocks in
moist places.
42. What is English ivy?
(a) A famous football league
(b) A purple colored flower
(c) A common poisonous plant in USA
(d) A type of English tea
RRB NTPC 31.03.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (c) English ivy is a poisonous plant found in the
USA. It is quite famous for its ability to produce
urushiol, a skin irritant substance causes agonizing,
itching rashes.
43. Which of following animals releases molecular
oxygen into water?
(a) E. coli (b) Amoeba
(c) Salmonella enterica (d) Phytoplankton
RRB NTPC 18.01.2017 (Shift-II) Stage IInd
Ans : (d) Phytoplankton, which release molecular
oxygen into the water through photosynthesis are
unicellular organisms found in the oceans. They make
their own food by harvesting energy from the sun,
carbon dioxide and nutrients present in the upper
surface of the ocean. E. coli, Amoeba and Salmonella
enterica are not all three photosynthetic organisms.
Therefore ,oxygen will not be obtained from them.
44. Below is given a statement followed by some
conclusions. You have to take the given
statements to be true even if they seem to be at
variance from the commonly known facts and
then decide which of the given conclusions
logically follows from the given statement.
Statement:
The leaves of the cactus plant are thick and
require less water.
Conclusions:
I. All plants with thick leaves require less
water.
II. Cactus can be grown in places where there
is less water.
(a) Only conclusion I follows
(b) Only conclusion II follows
(c) Both I and II follow.
(d) Neither of them follows.
RRB NTPC 10.04.2016 (Shift-III) Stage Ist
Ans : (b) Cactus is a zoological clan of flora known
for its dry and desert conditions and its thorn-filled form
by collecting water in its thickly bloated stems. Thus
only conclusion II follows.
45. Because of its ability to form a thick gel-like
solution, ……… is used commercially in the
preparation of jellies, jams, and marmalades.
(a) Peptide (b) Pectin
(c) Peptone (d) Lactose
RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (b) Because of its ability to form a thick gel-like
solution, pectin is used commercially in the preparation
of jellies, jams, and marmalades.
46. In tissue culture, cells are placed in an artificial
medium where they divide rapidly to form
small groups of cells, called –––––––––––.
(a) Thallus (b) Bud
(c) Plantlets (d) Callus
RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-III)
Ans. (d) : In tissue culture, cells are placed in an
artificial medium where they divide rapidly to form
small groups of cells, called Callus.
47. In plants, the process of taking up permanent
shape, size and function is called ........ .
(a) Respiration (b) Maturation
(c) Transpiration (d) Differentiation
RRB Group-D 12-12-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) In plants, the process of taking up permanent
shape, size and function is called differentiation. For
example, the cells formed in the apical meristem,
cambium etc., are first identical but later differentiated
into different forms due to differentiation, such as
xylem, phloem.
48. ––––––– flower leaves do not indicate the
presence of acid or alkali in a solution.
(a) Petunia (b) Geranium
(c) Hydrangea (d) Jasmine
RRB Group-D 08-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans. (d) : The leaves of flowers like Petunia, Geranium Ans : (b) Stomach secretions are made up of
and Hydrangea indicate the presence of acid or alkali in hydrochloric acid, several enzymes, and a mucus
a solution whereas Jasmine leaves do not. There are coating that protects the lining of stomach.
many other natural materials like red cabbage leaves, Hydrochloric acid helps body to break down, digest,
turmeric, coloured petals of some flowers such as and absorb nutrients such as protein. It also eliminates
Hydrangea, Petunia and Geranium, which indicate the bacteria and viruses in the stomach, protecting body
presence of acid or base in a solution. These are called from infection. Indigestion may be caused by stomach
acid coming into contact with the sensitive, protective
acid-base indicators or sometimes simply indicators.
lining of the digestive system (mucosa). The stomach
49. One of the studies …….. conducted was to do acid breaks down the lining, leading to irritation and
with the role of earthworms in soil fertility. inflammation, which can be painful. Milk of magnesia,
(a) JBS Haldane (b) Harold C Urey a mild alkali used as an antacid works when the
(c) Stanley L Miller (d) Charles Darwin hydroxide ions combine with the hydrogen ions in HCL
RRB Group-D 11-10-2018 (Shift-III) to reduce the excess activity in the stomach. Milk of
Ans : (d) Role of earthworms in soil fertility was one of magnesia helps to flush the intestines by stimulating
the studies conducted by Charles Darwin. An intestinal motility.
earthworm is commonly called as farmer's friend as 53. The development of a pollen tube is an
they provide many advantages and services of value for important stage of ………………. in soil
the crops. They help in the formation of vermicompost adaptation.
as when they eat, they leave behind castings that are a (a) Pinophyte (b) Bryophytes
very valuable type of fertilizer. They cause (c) Spermatophytes (d) Psychrophytes
fragmentation of the dead organic matter. They increase RRB Group-D 01-12-2018 (Shift-II)
the amount of air and water that gets into the soil, Ans. (c) The development of a pollen tube is an
facilitating aeration and increasing drainage. important stage of spermatophytes in soil adaptation.
50. –––– fills the space inside the organs, supports 54. Sugarcane is normally grown by ………. .
internal organs and helps in tissue repair. (a) Layering (b) Cutting the stem
(a) Vein (b) Fat (c) Grafting (d) Seed
(c) Ligaments (d) Areolar RRB Group-D 03-12-2018 (Shift-II)
RRB Group-D 05-11-2018 (Shift-III) Ans : (b) Sugarcane is normally grown by cutting the
Ans. (d) Areolar connective tissue is found between the stem. Sugarcane are usually propagated by the cutting
skin and muscles, around blood vessels and nerves and method. The sections of the stalk of immature cane used
in the bone marrow. It fills the space inside the organs, for planting are known as seed cane.These are sown in
supports internal organs and helps in repair of tissues. field beds. Under favourable conditions, each bud
51. Which of the following statements is correct? germinates and produces a plant.
(a) Paramecium and Plasmodium belong to the 55. Match the following:
same kingdom as that of Penicillium. (1) Skin A. Adipose tissue
(b) Lichen is a composite organism formed from (2) Cartilage B.Stratified squamous
symbiotic association of an algae and a epithelium
protozoan. (3) Skeletal muscles C. Striated muscles
(c) Yeast used in making bread and beer is a (4)Subcutaneous layer D. Surface of joints
fungus.
(a) 1–A, 2–B, 3–C, 4–D
(d) Nostoc and Anabaena are examples of
Protista. (b) 1–D, 2–C, 3–B, 4–A
RRB Group-D 05-12-2018 (Shift-I) (c) 1–B, 2–D, 3–C, 4–A
Ans. (c) Yeast is a type of fungus, which is used in (d) 1–B, 2–D, 3–A, 4–C
making bread, beer, pizza and cakes etc. RRB Group-D 02-11-2018 (Shift-III)
52. Select the correct option from the following. Ans. (c) :
a. Hydrochloric acid is produced in the 1. Skin → Stratified squamous epithelium
stomach.
2. Cartilage → Surface of joints
b. During indigestion, the stomach produces
excessive amounts of acid and causes pain 3. Skeletal muscles → Striated muscles
and heartburn. 4. Subcutaneous layer → Adipose tissue
c. To get relief from this pain, people use
alkali substances called antacid. 56. .............combines with O2 present in our body
d. Milk of magnesia, a mild alkali, is often cells and provides energy.
used as an antacid. (a) Glycogen (b) Sugar
(a) Only a and b (b) a, b, c and d (c) Pyruvate (d) Amino acids
(c) Only a, b and c (d) Only a RRB Group-D 15-10-2018 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b) Sugar combines with O2 present in our body
cells to provide energy. It is found in fruits, grapes,
sugarcane etc.
57. The sound of a human voice is produced from
the vocal cord by ………. .
(a) Transfer (b) Bustle
(c) Vibration (d) Movement
RRB Group-D 05-10-2018 (Shift-II)
Ans : (c) The sound of a human voice is produced from
the vocal cord by vibrations. The rate of vibration
determines the pitch of the voice. The thin voice of
women is due to the higher pitch and the thick voice of
men is due to the lower pitch.
58. Which of these substances is present in
tobacco?
(a) Morphine (b) Hashis
(c) Nicotine (d) Caffeine
RRB JE 22.05.2019 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) Morphine is produced by opium poppy.
Hashish is present in Cannabis.
Caffeine is found in fruit leaves and beans of coffee,
coca and guarana plants.
Nicotine is present in tobacco.
59. What is called the plant adapted to live in arid
or physically dry habitat?
(a) Hydrophyte (b) Halophyte
(c) Xerophyte (d) Mesophyte
RRB JE 26.06.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (c) Plants that are adapted to live in arid or very
dry environments are called xerophytes. Their
adaptations may help them increase water intake,
decrease water loss, or store water when it is available.
60. Which part of human being grows at the rate
of about half –an- inch per month?
(a) Small intestine (b) Large intestine
(c) Hair (d) Nail
RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-II)
Ans. (c) The hair of human being grows at the rate of
about half -an- inch per month.
61. Which of the following is the characteristic
feature of a virus?
(a) Virus multiplies only on hosts.
(b) Virus comprises of fat and carcinogen.
(c) Viruses does not need any medium for grow.
(d) Virus breed fast on dead animals only.
RRB JE 28.05.2019 (Shift-II)
Ans. (a) : Virus multiplies only on hosts- it is the
characteristic feature of a virus.
62. Which one of the following is not an
insectivorous plant?
(a) Prothallus (b) Pitcher-plant
(c) Venus fly trap (d) Sundew
RRB JE 31.05.2019 (Shift-I)
Ans. (a) Prothallus is not an insectivorous plant.
63. Which of the following is not a form of
monosaccharide Sugar?
(a) Galactose (b) Glucose
(c) Fructose (d) Maltose
RRB NTPC 17.01.2017 (Shift-I) Stage IIst
Ans : (d) Glucose, fructose, and galactose are all three
monosaccharides, while maltose is oligosaccharide, a
disaccharide that is derived from hydrolysis of maltose
into two units of glucose.
64. Genetic variation between distinct populations
of the same species is known as-
(a) Ecosystem diversity
(b) Bio diversity
(c) Species diversity
(d) Genetic diversity
R.R.B. JE. Stage - II 30-08-2019 (Shift - III)
Ans. (d) : Genetic variation between distinct
populations of the same species is known as genetic
diversity.
65. Generally, contact lenses are made of :
(a) Teflon (b) Hydrogel
(c) Nylon (d) Mica
RRB NTPC Stage Ist 22.04.2016 (Shift-I)
Ans : (b)Usually,contact lenses are made of hydrogels.
This is used as corneal correction and disease treatment
lens.
66. Which of these forest plants/trees have roots
submerged under the water?
(a) Mangrove forest
(b) Tropical deciduous forest
(c) Thorny forest and shrubs
(d) Pine forest
RRB NTPC 01.04.2021 (Shift-II) Stage Ist
Ans. (a) Mangrove forest plants/trees are one of the few
trees that grow and thrive even when its roots are
continually submerged under the water. They are a
group of trees and shrubs that generally grow in coastal
saline or brackish water. Tropical deciduous forest, also
called monsoon forests occur in regions with heavy
rainfall for part of year followed by a marked dry
season. The largest Mangrove forest of India are
Sundarbans of West Bengal.
67. Which one of the following is micronutrient
used for crop plants?
(a) Potassium (b) Calcium
(c) Magnesium (d) Iron
RRB NTPC 31.01.2021 (Shift-I) Stage Ist
Ans. (d) Micronutrients are essential for plant growth
and play an important role in balanced crop nutrition.
They include Boron (B), Copper (Cu), Iron (Fe),
Manganese (Mn), Molybdenum (Mo), Zinc (Zn),
Nickel (Ni), and Chlorine (Cl) .
68. Which of these animals is generally found in
cold regions?
(a) Rhinoceros (b) Giraffe
(c) Polar bear (d) Hippopotamus
RRB JE 29.05.2019 (Shift-III)
Ans. (c) Polar bear are generally found in cold regions.