Assistive Technology (AT) Provision for Persons with Disabilities in Indonesia

- Disabilities and equity to receive assistive technology (AT) provision from government &
local government in Indonesia

Existing Health Policy for Disability in Indonesia

- Pengesahan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2016 tentang Penyandang Disabilitas
menandai perubahan paradigma Penyandang Disabilitas, tidak lagi dipandang sebagai
subjek yang perlu diberikan bantuan (charity-based) namun sebagai subjek yang
diberikan jaminan terhadap Penghormatan, Pelindungan, dan Pemenuhan hak asasi
manusia (human rights-based).
- Orang dengan disabilitas memiliki hak kesehatan agar bisa menjalani aktivitas sehari-hari
secara mandiri, termasuk menjalani pendidikan dan bekerja.
- Dalam rangka mendukung hak orang dengan disabilitas, Pemerintah pusat dan
Pemerintah Daerah melalui kementerian sosial wajib membentuk Unit Layanan
Disabilitas (ULT).
- Menurut pasal 55, this unit is formed by regional and expenditure revenue.
- Salah satu tugas unit ini adalah menjamin ketersediaan dan perolehan alat bantu orang
dengan disabilitas sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan ragam disabilitasnya.
https://kemensos.go.id/kemensos-upayakan-ketersediaan-alat-bantu-bagi-disabilitas
- Alat Bantu Kesehatan sendiri adalah benda yang berfungsi mengoptimalkan fungsi
anggota tubuh Penyandang Disabilitas berdasarkan rekomendasi dari tenaga medis.
Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2016
- Besaran bantuan pembiayaan untuk jenis bantuan alat bantu disesuaikan aturan
pemerintah daerah masing-masing
https://kemensos.go.id/uploads/topics/16384433731911.pdf
-

Effectiveness of Disabilities Policies in Indonesia

- Belum ada studi berskala nasional yang menunjukkan efektivitas dan kinerja ULT dalam
menunjang kesehatan dan pemberian alat bantu untuk orang dengan disabilitas.
- However, the majority (91%) of persons with disabilities in 4 (Bandung, Solo, Makasar,
Kupang) cities have never received assistive devices from the local government (ICW
Survey, 2019)
https://antikorupsi.org/sites/default/files/dokumen/
laporan_survei_disabilitas_icw_2019.pdf
- Di sisi lain, untuk mendapatkan AT, orang dengan disabilitas juga perlu bantuan dari
fasilitas dan tenaga medis dalam menentukan jenis disabilitas dan alat bantu yang
dibutuhkan
- Health services and facilities for persons with disabilities are quite good, but not yet
adequately accommodating the special needs of persons with disabilities, such as the lack
of handrails (58.4%), wheelchairs (34.5%), number-reading computers (50.9%), Braille
letters (90.1%), toilets for persons with disabilities (72.2%), and special counters/lanes
for persons with disabilities (85%) (ICW Survey, 2018).
 https://antikorupsi.org/sites/default/files/dokumen/2021%20-%20SPM%20Pendidikan
%20dan%20Kesehatan%20untuk%20Penyandang%20Disabilitas.pdf
- 75% HCWs are unable to handle the needs of persons with disabilities --> meanwhile
medical assessment and evaluation letter statements from doctors are needed untuk
menerima bantuan dalam pengadaan AT
https://antikorupsi.org/sites/default/files/dokumen/2021%20-%20SPM%20Pendidikan
%20dan%20Kesehatan%20untuk%20Penyandang%20Disabilitas.pdf
https://www.tnp2k.go.id/download/39050Disability%20Situation%20Analysis.pdf

Implementation of the Disabilities Policies in Indonesia

Challenges
- lack of assistive devices, and negative attitudes that erect barriers for persons disability
participation in society https://www.tnp2k.go.id/images/uploads/downloads/Disabilities
%20report%20Final%20sept2014%20(1)-1.pdf
- Data yang belum akurat dan mutakhir. (SMERU)
- Kurangnya koordinasi dan sinergi lintas program.
- Kurangnya dukungan dana untuk pelayanan sosial. Dukungan anggaran bagi pelaksanaan
program rehabilitasi sosial penyandang disabilitas relatif masih kecil.
- Terbatasnya pekerja sosial yang handal dalam isu disabilitas pada layanan operasional.
- Belum optimalnya perencanaan & anggaran terkait pengadaan alat bantu
https://repository.umj.ac.id/4575/1/BUKU%20LISA.pdf
Barrier
- Social stigma - lack of assistive devices, and negative attitudes that erect barriers for
persons disability participation in society
https://www.tnp2k.go.id/images/uploads/downloads/Disabilities%20report%20Final
%20sept2014%20(1)-1.pdf
- Not registered in the family card -> No ID --> lack of access to receive AT
https://peraturan.go.id/files/bn1712-2018.pdf &
https://repository.umj.ac.id/4575/1/BUKU%20LISA.pdf
- Limited to persons under 59 years old
https://repository.umj.ac.id/4575/1/BUKU%20LISA.pdf
- The recipients of aid are people who are below the poverty line - Rp.12.000/day. (at the
exact poverty line?)
https://repository.umj.ac.id/4575/1/BUKU%20LISA.pdf

Disability Policy Recommendations for Indonesia

- Establish national technical regulations/guidelines for inclusive AT provision
https://antikorupsi.org/sites/default/files/dokumen/2021%20-%20SPM%20Pendidikan%20dan
%20Kesehatan%20untuk%20Penyandang%20Disabilitas.pdf
- Maximizing/subsidizing Individual-Based inclusive services --> application-based (Malaysia)
(Shi, 22)
- Formulating regulations for the existence of inclusive health facilities
https://antikorupsi.org/sites/default/files/dokumen/2021%20-%20SPM%20Pendidikan%20dan
%20Kesehatan%20untuk%20Penyandang%20Disabilitas.pdf
- Monitoring and evaluating the performance of the directorate in the ministry directly involved
with persons with Disabilities
https://antikorupsi.org/sites/default/files/dokumen/2021%20-%20SPM%20Pendidikan%20dan
%20Kesehatan%20untuk%20Penyandang%20Disabilitas.pdf

Conclusion
These initiatives collectively aim to enhance the accessibility and quality of services for persons
with disabilities, ensuring that their unique needs are met through tailored and inclusive
approaches in both healthcare and assistive technology provision. This approach is crucial for
creating a more inclusive and supportive environment for persons with disabilities.