“AZƏRBAYCAN XƏZƏR DƏNİZ GƏMİÇİLİYİ” QSC

AZƏRBAYCAN DÖVLƏT DƏNİZ AKADEMİYASI, PHŞ

Metrologiya, standartlaşdırma və sertifikatlaşdırma

Sərbəst İş № 3

Physical quantities and their values

Qrup: 090I

Tələbə: Kərimov Kamil

Müəllim: İbrahimli Elvin

BAKI – 2023
This independent work provides an overview of fundamental physical quantities
used in science and engineering, along with their corresponding SI units and
example values. The information presented is organized by category to offer a
concise reference for common physical measurements.

Fundamental Physical Quantities

o Mechanics
o Optics
o Thermodynamics
o Electricity and Magnetism
o Chemistry

Brief explanation of the significance of physical quantities and their units.

Overview of the structure of the document.

2. Fundamental Physical Quantities:

Length (Meter)
Example value: The average length of a human femur bone is approximately 48
cm.
Mass (Kilogram)
Example value: The mass of a liter of water is almost exactly 1 kilogram at
standard conditions.
Time (Second)
Example value: The duration of one complete Earth rotation is approximately
86,400 seconds.

3. Mechanics:
Force (Newton)
Example value: The weight of a typical apple is approximately 1 Newton.
Pressure (Pascal)
Example value: Standard atmospheric pressure at sea level is around 101.3 kPa.
Velocity (Meter per Second)
Example value: The average speed of a running human is about 3 meters per
second.

4. Optics:
Luminance (Candela per Square Meter)
Example value: The luminance of a standard candle is about 1 candela per square
meter.
Illuminance (Lux)
Example value: A well-lit office may have an illuminance of 500 lux.
Refractive Index (Unitless)
Example value: The refractive index of vacuum is exactly 1 (by definition).
5. Thermodynamics:
Temperature (Kelvin)
Example value: Absolute zero, the lowest possible temperature, is 0 Kelvin.
Energy (Joule)
Example value: The energy in a 100-watt lightbulb operating for one second is 100
joules.
Heat (Joule)
Example value: The heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1
degree Celsius is 1 calorie, which is equivalent to approximately 4.184 joules.

6. Electricity and Magnetism:

Voltage (Volt)
Example value: The standard voltage of a household electrical outlet is 120 volts in
the United States.
Current (Ampere)
Example value: The typical current drawn by a smartphone charger is around 2
amperes.
Resistance (Ohm)
Example value: A common household incandescent lightbulb has a resistance of
about 100 ohms.

7. Chemistry:
Molar Mass (Kilogram per Mole)
Example value: The molar mass of carbon-12 is 12 grams per mole.
Avogadro's Number (Unitless)
Example value: Avogadro's number, which represents the number of atoms or
molecules in one mole of a substance, is approximately 6.022 x 10^23.
Gas Constant (Joule per Mole per Kelvin)

Length L Meter (m)

Mass M Kilogram (kg)
Time T Second (s)
Electric Current I Ampere (A)
Temperature Θ Kelvin (K)
Amount of Substance N Mole (mol)
Luminous Intensity I Candela (cd)
Force F Newton (N)
Pressure P Pascal (Pa)
Energy E Joule (J)
Power P Watt (W)
Voltage V Volt (V)
Resistance R Ohm (Ω)
Capacitance C Farad (F)
Magnetic Field.S H Ampere per meter (A/m)
Frequency f Hertz (Hz)