Charles Richie C Cañete Sir Ariel Dela Cruz

1st Year Industrial Technology

Task 1.

Video Presentation 1

1. Main Objective: The primary objective of this video is likely to demonstrate the inner workings and
components of a desktop computer, particularly the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and its associated
parts.

2. Essence: The essence of this presentation would involve understanding the structure, functions, and
interactions of the major components within the CPU and its role in a computer system.

3. Learnings: From this video, one can expect to learn about the internal components of a CPU, their
respective functions, and potentially how these components collaborate to process data in a computer.

Video Presentation 2

1. Main Objective: The core objective of this video is probably to elucidate the mechanics and
components of a Hard Disk Drive (HDD), detailing its structure and operations in data storage.

2. Essence: The essence of this presentation would revolve around comprehending the internal
composition of an HDD, its various components, and their collective role in storing and retrieving data.

3. Learnings: From this video, one could learn about the internal components within an HDD, their
functions, and the basic principles involved in data storage within this type of device.

Video Presentation 3

1. Main Objective: The likely objective of this presentation is to explain the functionalities and operations
of computer memory, showcasing different memory types and their uses.

2. Essence: This video would focus on understanding various types of computer memory, their
functionalities, and potentially emphasizing newer memory technologies such as NVMe SSDs.

3. Learnings: One might gain insights into different memory types, differences between DRAM and SSD,
specific types of memory showcased in the video, disparities between SSDs and HDDs, and potentially
details about voltage variations among DDR types.
Task 2.

HOW DOES CSU COMPONENTS WORK?

1. Major parts shown in a Desktop Computer Dissection typically include the Central Processing
Unit (CPU), Random Access Memory (RAM), motherboard, graphics card (GPU), power supply
unit (PSU), storage devices (like hard drives or solid-state drives), cooling system (fans or liquid
cooling), and various input/output ports.

2. Parts of the CPU and their functions include:

- Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Performs arithmetic and logical operations.
- Control Unit (CU): Manages and coordinates operations within the CPU.
- Registers: Store data temporarily during processing.
- Cache Memory: Provides high-speed access to frequently used data.

2. The CPU is responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations, while the
Southbridge chipset facilitates communication between the CPU and peripheral devices like USB
ports, SATA ports, audio interfaces, etc. The CPU handles processing tasks, while the
Southbridge enables data transfer between the CPU and other parts of the motherboard.

3. VRM stands for Voltage Regulator Module. It’s a critical component on a motherboard that
regulates and supplies the correct voltage to the CPU. VRM converts the voltage from the power
supply to levels suitable for the CPU’s operation, ensuring stable and consistent power delivery.

4. An ordinary cooling system typically involves air-cooled heat sinks and fans, while modern
cooling systems can include advanced air or liquid cooling solutions. Modern systems might
utilize enhanced heat sinks, multiple heat pipes, larger fans, liquid cooling with radiators and
pumps, or even thermoelectric cooling methods. These modern solutions provide more efficient
heat dissipation, allowing better temperature control for high-performance CPUs and GPUs
compared to traditional air-cooling methods.

HOW DOES HDD WORK?

1. Parts inside a Hard Disk Drive (HDD) include:

- Platters: Circular disks coated with a magnetic material where data is stored.

- Read/Write Heads: Devices that read data from and write data to the platters.

- Actuator Arm: Positions the read/write heads over the platters.

- Spindle Motor: Spins the platters at a high speed.

2. An additional crucial component of an HDD is the Actuator Arm Assembly, including the actuator arm
and the read/write heads. It’s located near the platters and is vital as it positions the read/write heads
accurately over the platters to read and write data. The precision of this assembly significantly affects data
access performance and reliability.

3. GMR stands for Giant Magnetoresistance. It’s a technology used in the read heads of hard drives.
GMR allows these heads to detect extremely small magnetic changes, enabling higher storage densities
and increased data capacities in hard disk drives.

4.The divided sectors on the disk or platter are known as tracks and sectors. Tracks are concentric circles
on the platter’s surface, while sectors are pie-shaped divisions within these tracks. These sectors are the
smallest units of storage on the hard drive and are where data is stored. The read/write heads access these
sectors by moving to the appropriate track and then waiting for the correct sector to pass under them as
the platter spins.

5. The parts of a disk platter include the magnetic coating (where data is stored), the substrate (base
material) that provides structural support, and protective layers that safeguard the magnetic
surface against damage from the read/write heads.

HOW DOES COMPUTER MEMORY WORK?

1. NVMe SSD stands for Non-Volatile Memory Express Solid State Drive. It’s a type of storage
device that utilizes NAND flash memory and the NVMe interface to provide high-speed data
transfer rates and low latency. NVMe SSDs are known for their significantly faster performance
compared to traditional SATA-based SSDs.

2. DRAM (Dynamic Random Access Memory) and SSD (Solid State Drive) serve different purposes in a
computer:
- DRAM is volatile memory used for temporary storage of data that the CPU needs to access quickly.
It’s faster but more expensive per unit of storage and loses its data when power is turned off.
- SSD is non-volatile storage used for long-term data storage. It stores data persistently even when the
power is off and provides faster read/write speeds than traditional HDDs due to its use of flash memory.

2. The specific type of RAM/Memory shown in the video presentation wasn’t specified. Different
types of RAM, such as DDR (Double Data Rate), DDR2, DDR3, DDR4, and DDR5, have been
used in computers over time.

4. SSD(Solid State Drive) and **HDD** (Hard Disk Drive) differ in their technology:
- HDDs use spinning disks and mechanical read/write heads to store and retrieve data.
- SSDs use flash memory chips to store data and have no moving parts, resulting in faster read/write
speeds, lower power consumption, and better durability compared to HDDs.

5. The supplied voltage and BPV (Bits Per Voltage) for different DDR (Double Data Rate) RAM types
are approximately as follows:
- DDR: Supplied voltage of 2.5V, BPV of 2.
- DDR2: Supplied voltage of 1.8V, BPV of 4.
- DDR3: Supplied voltage of 1.5V, BPV of 8.
- DDR4: Supplied voltage of 1.2V, BPV of 16.
- DDR5: Supplied voltage of around 1.1V (varies), BPV of 32.