SECOND TERM LESSON NOTE

SUBJECT: BASIC TECHNOLOGY

CLASS: JSS 1
TOPIC: DRAWING INSTRUMENTS.

Technical drawing is the act and discipline of composing drawings that visually communicate
something or is constructed. Technical drawing is a universal language used for communication
among technical people. These are engineers, technicians, designers, builders. Etc.
EXAMPLES OF DRAWING INSTRUMENTS ARE:
1. Drawing board: This is a wooden plat form on which the drawing paper is placed before
drawing commences. Two types of drawing board are (i) Full size (ii) Half size drawing board.
2. Tee-square: It is used for drawing horizontal lines and it also support set-squares during
drawing
A tee-square.
3. Drawing pencil: Two types of pencils are (i) Hard pencil (ii) Soft pencil.
Hard pencils are H grade of pencils. Soft pencils are B grade of pencils.
We also have three grades of pencils in technical drawing. These are H, 2H and HB pencils.
H pencil is used for lettering and arrow heads.
2H pencil is used for construction lines.
HB pencil is used for free hand sketching.

USES OF PENCIL
i. Pencil is used for general drawing, e.g 3H or 2H pencils.
ii. Pencil is used for freehand sketching.
iii. Pencil is used for technical drawing.
4. Compass: It is used for drawing circles and arcs.
5. Set-squares: They are used for drawing vertical or diagonal lines.
Two types of set-squares are (i) 300 and 600 set-square (ii) 450 set-square.
6. Protractor: It is semi-circular in shape. It used for measuring angles.
7. Metric rule: It is used for drawing and measuring straight lines. A typical ruler is 30cm long. It
comes in four forms, like steel, wood, plastic or coiled rule.
8. Drawing paper: It is the paper on which the drawing is produce. Suitable sizes are: A4, A3, A2,
A 5.
9. Eraser: It is used for cleaning pencil. It is made of rubber.
10. Divider: It is used for transferring measurement and for setting distances.
11. Sharpener: It is used for sharpening pencils.
12. French curve: It is used for drawing curves.
13. Lettering instruments: These are used by draught man or designer to draw various types of
letters and alphabets.
14. Clips.
15. Cello tapes. Etc.

TECHNIQUES OF HANDLING DRAWING INSTRUMENTS AND MATERIALS.

Setting drawing paper on the board.
1. Place drawing board conveniently on the table.
2. Place drawing paper on the board.
3. Place tee-square on the paper and gently move or slide the tee-square to the top of the
paper.
4. Gently slide the tee-square down without moving the paper.
5. Cut four pieces of adhesive tape to hold the paper in place and place them over the four
corners of the paper.

USE OF TEE-SQUARE, SET-SQUARE, COMPASS AND DIVIDER.

Tee-square is used for drawing horizontal lines.
Set-squares are used for drawing vertical lines.
Compass is used for circles and arcs.
Divider is used for transferring measurement and setting distances.

USES OF DRAWING INSTRUMENTS

1. Tee-square is used for drawing horizontal lines.
2. Set-squares are used for drawing vertical lines.
3. Compass is used for circles and arcs.
4. Divider is used for transferring measurement and setting distances.
5. Protractor is used for measuring angles.
6. Ruler is used for drawing and measuring straight lines.
7. French curve is used for drawing curves. Etc.
CARE OF DRAWING INSTRUMENTS.
1. Never use tee-square as walking stick.
2. Do not use blade or knife to cut something on the board.
3. Use tape or clips to hold paper on the board, not pins.
4. Keep them in a safe place.
5. Do not sit or step on the compass.
6. Always hang the tee-square when not in use. Etc.