Answers

Answers e
g
−34 < 2 × −16
x  − 45
1 f ∴ x = 72
h π ≈ 3 114
Exercise 1.5
1 a F4 = 1, 2, 4
i 5.1 > 5.001 j 3+ 4 ≠ 3 4 b F5 = 1, 5
Unit 1 k 12 − (−12) > 12 c F8 = 1, 2, 4, 8
l ( −12) + (−24
− )<0 d F11 = 1, 11
Chapter 1 m 12 x ≈ −40 e F18 = 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18
2 a false b true c true f F12 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
Exercise 1.1 d true e true f true g F35 = 1, 5, 7, 35
1 a {3, 4, 6, 11, 16, 19, 25} g false h true i true h F40 = 1, 2, 4, 5, 8 , 10, 20
b {4, 6, 16} j true k false l false i F57 = 1, 3, 19, 57
c {3, 11, 19, 25} m true n false j F90 = 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, 15, 18, 30,
d {−4, −1, 0, 3, 4, 6, 11, 16, 19, 25} 45, 90
3 Students’ own discussions. k F100 = 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100
e {−4, −1}
1 Exercise 1.3 l F132 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 11, 12, 22, 33, 44,
f { , 0.75} 66, 132
2
g {4, 16, 25} 1 a 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 m F160 = 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20, 32, 40,
h {3, 11, 19} b 3, 6, 9, 12, 15 80, 160
1
c 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 n F153 = 1, 3, 9, 17, 51, 153
i {−4, −1, 0, 2 , 0.75, 6} d 8, 16, 24, 32, 40 o F360 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 15,
e 9, 18, 27, 36, 45 18, 20, 30, 36, 40, 45, 60, 72, 90,
2 a {109, 111, 113, 115} f 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 120, 360
b Various, e.g. {2010, 2012, 2014, g 12, 24, 36, 48, 60
2016} or {2020, 2022, 2024, h 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 2 a 4 b 45 c 14
2026} etc. d 22 e 8
c {995, 997, 999, 1001, 1003, 1005} 2 a 29, 58, 87, 116, 145, 174, 203, 232,
261, 290 3 a false b true c true
d {1, 4, 9, 16, 25} d true e true f true
e Various, e.g. {0.49, 048, 0.47, 0.46, b 44, 88, 132, 176, 220, 264, 308, 352,
396, 440 g true h false
0.45} or {0.4, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1}
c 75, 150, 225, 300, 375, 450, 525, 4 The smallest factor is 1 and the largest
f Various, e.g. 11 , 3 , 13 , 7 etc. 600, 675, 750 factor is the number itself.
20 5 20 10
d 114, 228, 342, 456, 570, 684, 798,
3 a even b even c odd 912, 1026, 1140 Exercise 1.6
d odd e even f even e 299, 598, 897, 1196, 1495, 1794, 1 a 3 b 8 c 5
4 a A perfect number is a number 2093, 2392, 2691, 2990 d 14 e 4 f 2
that is half of the sum of all of f 350, 700, 1050, 1400, 1750, 2100, g 22 h 6
the positive numbers that will 2450, 2800, 3150, 3500
g 1012, 2024, 3036, 4048, 5060, 6072, 2 a 3 b 3 c 11
divide into it (including itself).
For example, 6 is equal to half 7084, 8096, 9108, 10 120 3 a Any two from: 4, 6, 10, 14.
the sum of all the positive number h 9123, 18 246, 27 369, 36 492, b 12 and 18 are the only possible
that will divide into it 45 615, 54 738, 63 861, 72 984, two, less than 20.
(1 + 2 + 3 + 6) ÷ 2 = 6. 82 107, 91 230
4 1 because each prime number has
b A palindromic number is a 3 a 32, 36, 40, 44, 48, 52 only 1 and itself as factors
‘symmetrical’ number like 16461 b 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350 5 18 m
that remains the same when its c 4100, 4200, 4300, 4400, 4500, 4600, 6 20 students
digits are reversed. 4700, 4800, 4900 7 150 bracelets
c A narcissistic number is one that 4 576, 396, 792, 1164
is the sum of its own digits each 5 c and e not a multiple of 27 Exercise 1.7
raised to the power of the number
of digits, e.g. 371 = 33 + 73 + 13 Exercise 1.4 1 2
2 14
Exercise 1.2 1 a 10 b 40 c 12
d 9 e 385 f 66 3 a 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 21,
1 a 19 < 45 b 12 + 18 = 30 g 8 h 60 i 72 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28
c 05=
1
d 0. 8 ≠ 8. 0 j 21 k 40 l 36
2
2 No – the common multiples are infinite.

Answers 617
Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics

b 6 = 3 + 3, 8 = 3 + 5, c HCF = 5 e x = 18
9 = 2 + 7, 10 = 5 + 5, LCM = 2280 f x = 20
12 = 5 + 7, 14 = 3 + 11, d HCF = 12 g x = 20
15 = 2 + 13, 16 = 5 + 11, LCM = 420 h x = 15
18 = 5 + 13, 20 = 3 + 17, i x=1
21 = 2 + 19, 22 = 5 + 17, 4 120 listeners j x = 81
24 = 5 + 19 or 17 + 7, 25 = 2 + 23, 5 36 minutes k x=1
26 = 3 + 23 or 13 + 13, 27 = not Exercise 1.10 l x = 6561
possible, 28 = 5 + 23 m x=8
1 a 65, 10, 70, 500 n x=1
4 3 and 5, 5 and 7, 11 and 13, 17 and 19, b 104, 64 c 21, 798 o x=4
29 and 31, 41 and 43, 59 and 61, 2 a true b false c false 4 a 3 b 8 c 1
71 and 73 d false e false f true d 2 e 10 f 0
5 149 is prime. Determined by trial g false h false i true g 9 h 20 i 36
division by all integers from 2 to 149 j false j 42 k 2 l 1
3 a no b no c no m 3 n 4 o 10
6 a 233, 239, 293, 311, 313, 317, 373, 4 a no b yes c no p 6 q 8 r 9
379 5 a 2, 3, 4, 6 s 12 t 18
b 2333, 2339, 2393, 2399, 2939 b 2, 3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18
c no 5 a 324 = 2
× 2 × 3
× 3 × 3
×3
c Express the number as a product
Exercise 1.8 of its prime factors and then check 324 = 2 × 3 × 3
that the prime factors of 12, 15 or 324 = 18
1 a 30 = 2 × 3 × 5 24 are included in the product.
b 24 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 6 4 times (12 is the lowest common b 225 = 3
× 3 × 5
×5
c 100 = 2 × 2 × 5 × 5 multiple of 3 and 4, so they will both 225 = 3 × 5
d 225 = 3 × 3 × 5 × 5 face each other again after 12 seconds.
e 360 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5 In 12 seconds, Jacqueline will have 225 = 15
f 504 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 7 12 c 784 = 2
× 2 × 2
× 2 × 7
×7
g 650 = 2 × 5 × 5 × 13 completed = 4 rotations)
3
h 1125 = 3 × 3 × 5 × 5 × 5 784 = 2 × 2 × 7
i 756 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 7 Exercise 1.11 784 = 28
j 9240 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × 11 d 2025 = 3
1 a 9 × 3 × 3
× 3 × 5
×5
Exercise 1.9 b 49
2025 = 3 × 3 × 5
c 121
1 a 12 d 144 2025 = 45
b 24 e 441 e 19 600 = 2
× 2 × 2
× 2 × 5
× 5 × 7
×7
c 18 f 361
d 26 g 1024 19600 = 2 × 2 × 5 × 7
e 25 h 10 000
f 22 19600 = 140
i 196
g 78 j 4624 f 250000 = 2
× 2 × 2
× 2 × 5
×5
h 5 2 a 1
b 27 ×55× 5 × 5
×5
2 a 540
b 216 c 64 250000 = 2 × 2 × 5 × 5 × 5
c 360 d 216
d 240 e 729 250000 = 500
e 360 f 1000
f 2850 g 1 000 000 6 a 27 = 3
× 3 3
g 270 h 5832
27 = 3
3

h 360 i 27 000
j 8 000 000 b 729 = 3
× 3

 ×3 × 3×

 3 ×3
3 a HCF = 36 3 a x=5
LCM = 216 b x=2
3
729 = 3 × 3
b HCF = 25 c x = 11 3
729 = 9
LCM = 200 d x=9

618 Answers
 Answers

c 2197 = 13 ×
13 ×
13 k −12 < −4 l −32 < −3 e (12 + 3) ÷ 5 = 3

m 0 > −3 n −3 < 11 f (19 − 9) × 15 = 150
3 2179 = 13 o 12 > −89 g (10 + 10) ÷ (6 − 2) = 5
d 1000 = 2
× 2 ×2 × 5
× 5 ×5 2 a −12, −8, −1, 7, 10 h (3 + 8) × (15 − 9) = 66
 
b −10, −8, −4, −3, 4, 9 i (9 − 4) × (7 + 2) = 45
3
1000 = 2 × 5 j (10 − 4) × 5 = 30
c −12, −11, −7, −5, 0, 7
−94, −90, −83, −50, 0 k 6 ÷ (3 + 3) × 5 = 5
3 1000 = 10 d
l BODMAS means that brackets are
e 15 625 = 5
× 5
×5 × 5×
5 ×5 3 a 1 °C b −1 °C not needed

 
 c −3 °C d 12 °C m (1 + 4) × (20 ÷ 5) = 20
3 15 625 = 5 × 5 e −3 °C n (8 + 5 − 3) × 2 = 20
4 $28.50 o 36 ÷ (3 × 3 − 3) = 6
315 625 = 25
5 a −$420 b $920 p 3 × (4 − 2) ÷ 6 = 1
f 32 768 = 2
×2

 2 × 2×

 2 ×2 × q (40 ÷ 4) + 1 = 11
c −$220
× 2 ×2 × 2
2 ×
2 ×2 × r BODMAS means that brackets are
 
 6 −11 m not needed
× 2 ×2
2
 7 −3°C
3 32 768 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 Exercise 1.15
8 a 7 p.m. b 12 p.m.
3 32 768 = 32 c 10 p.m. d 1 a.m. 1 a 5 × 10 + 3 b 5 × (10 + 3)
= 50 + 3 = 5 × 13
7 a 25 b 49 c 64 Exercise 1.14 = 53 = 65
d 32 e 7 f 5 1 a (4 + 7) × 3 b (20 – 4) ÷ 4 c 2 + 10 × 3 d (2 + 10) × 3
g 14 h 10 i 8 = 11 × 3 = 16 ÷ 4 = 2 + 30 = 12 × 3
j 4 k 10 l 10 = 33 =4 = 32 = 36
m 6 n 6 o 3 c 50 ÷ (20 + 5) d 6 × (2 + 9) e 23 + 7 × 2 f 6 × 2 ÷ (3 + 3)
3 = 50 ÷ 25 = 6 × 11 = 23 + 14 = 12 ÷ 6
p =2 = 66 = 37 =2
2
8 a 10 cm b 27 cm e (4 + 7) × 4 f (100 – 40) × 3 15 − 5
g h (17 + 1) ÷ 9 + 2
c 41 mm d 40 cm = 11 × 4 = 60 × 3 2 5
= 44 = 180 = 18 ÷ 9 + 2
9 a 31 b 17 10
= =2+2
c 65 d 17 g 16 + (25 ÷ 5) h 19 – (12 + 2) 10 =4
e 68 f 24 = 16 + 5 = 19 – 14 =1
g 730 h 82 = 21 =5 16 − 4 j 17 + 3 × 21
i = 63 + 17
i 33 j 129 i 40 ÷ (12 – 4) j 100 ÷ (4 + 16) 4 1
= 40 ÷ 8 = 100 ÷ 20 12 = 80
10 a 128 b 486 c 85
=5 =5 =
d 96 e 320 f 512 3
11 a 24 × 34 is greater by 1040 k 121 ÷ (33 ÷ 3) l 15 × (15–15) =4
b 4 625 × 36 is greater by 2877 = 121 ÷ 11 = 15 × 0 l 12 × 4 – 4 × 8
k 48 – (2 + 3)
= 11 =0 = 48 – 32
×2
Exercise 1.12 2 a 108 b 72 c 3 = 48 – 5 × 2 = 16
1 a +$100 b −25 km d 10 e 32 f 9 = 48 – 10
c −10 marks d +2 kg g 5 h 1 i 140 = 38
e −1.5 kg f 8000 m m 15 + 30 ÷ 3 + 6 n 20 – 6 ÷ 3 + 3
g −10 °C h −24 m 3 a 13 b 8 c 58
d 192 e 12 000 f 1660 = 15 + 10 + 6 = 20 – 2 + 3
i −$2000 j +$250 = 31 = 21
k −2 h l +400 m g 260 h 24 i 868
o 10 – 4 × 2 ÷ 2
m +$450.00 4 a 78 b 6 c 336
= 10 – 4 ÷ 1
d 18 e 3 f 3
Exercise 1.13 g 8 h 4 i 9
= 10 – 4
1 a 2<8 b 4<9 =6
c 12 > 3 d 6 > −4 5 a 3 × (4 + 6) = 30
e −7 < 4 f −2 < 4 b (25 − 15) × 9 = 90
g −2 > −11 h −12 > −20 c (40 − 10) × 3 = 90
i −8 < 0 j −2 < 2 d (14 − 9) × 2 = 10

Answers 619
Cambridge IGCSE Mathematics

2 a 7 b 7 c 3 g 0.01 h 41.57 i 8.30 iv 1080 is not a cube number.

d 0 e 3 f 10 j 0.42 k 0.06 l 0.01 Not all the factors are
m 3.02 n 12.02 o 15.12 powers with indices that are
3 a false b true
2 a i 4 512 ii 4 510 multiples of 3.
c false d true
iii 5 000 8 a 676 b 79 507
4 a 2 − 10 ÷ 5 = 0 b i 12 310 ii 12 300 9 a 102 b 110 c 104
b 13 − 18 ÷ 9 = 11 iii 10 000 10 −4 °C
c 8 ÷ (16 − 14) − 3 = 1 c i 65 240 ii 65 200
d (9 + 5) − (6 − 4) = 12 11 a 32 b 340 c 25
iii 70 000
or (9 + 5) − (12 − 4) = 6 12 (7 + 14) ÷ (4 − 1) × 2 = 14
d i 320.6 ii 321
iii 300 Past paper questions*
Exercise 1.16 e i 25.72 ii 25.7
1 6 + 5 × (10 − 8) = 16
1 a −10 b 8.86 c 13 iii 30
d 29 e −22 f 8.75 f i 0.0007650 ii 0.000765 2 20
g 20 h 0 i 4 iii 0.0008 3 3.590
j 70 k 12 l 20 g i 1.009 ii 1.01 4 a 9, 16 b 11
m 8 n 15 o 20 iii 1 5 a 2 × 32 × 5 b 630
h i 7.349 ii 7.35
2 a correct
b incorrect = 608
iii 7 Chapter 2
i i 0.009980 ii 0.00998
c correct Exercise 2.1
iii 0.010
d correct
j i 0.02814 ii 0.0281 1 a 6xy b 7ab c xyz
e incorrect = 368
iii 0.03 d 2y2 e 4ab f 12xy
f incorrect = 10
k i 31.01 ii 31.0 6
3 a 12 ÷ (28 − 24) = 3 iii 30 g 5ab h yz2 i
x
b 84 − 10 × 8 = 4 l i 0.006474 ii 0.00647 4 x 2x x+3
j = k
c 3 + 7(0.7 + 1.3) = 17 iii 0.006 2y y 4
d 23 × 11 − 22 × 11 = 11 3 a 2.556 b 2.56 c 2.6
l m3
e 40 ÷ 5 ÷ (7 − 5) = 4 d 2.56 e 2.6 f 3 =m
f 9 + 15 ÷ (3 + 2) = 12 m2
4 a 0.5 b 2 c 0.183 Examination practice m 4x + 5y n 7a − 2b
1
d 0.5 e ≈ 0.333 (3sf) Exam-style questions o 2x(x − 4) p 3( 1)
3
2x
f 1 g 2 1 a 3, 4, 6, 9, 15, 16, 19, 20 4x 2
2 b 4, 9, 16 c −4, −1 q 2( 4) r =
h ≈ 0.667 (3sf) 3 6 3
3 d 3, 19 e 4, 6, 16, 20
5 correct to 3 significant figures f 4, 16, 20 2 a m + 13 b m+5
a 0.0112 b 0.0386 2 a 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12 c 25 − m d m3
c −0.317 d 0.339 m
b 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24 c 12 e +3 f 4m − 2m = 2m
6 correct to 3 significant figures 3
3 16
a 89.4 b 20.8 c 7.52 3 a x+3 b x−6 c 10x
d 19.6 e 2.94 f 1.45 4 a 12, 24, 36, 48, 60
b 18, 36, 54, 72, 90 d −8 + x e x + x2 f x + 2x
1 2x
g 0.25 or h 1.72 c 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 g
4 x+4
d 80, 160, 240, 320, 400
In questions 4, 5 and 6 you may find that x
your calculator gives an exact answer rather 5 72 4 a $(x − 10) b $ c $15
4
than a decimal. This may include a root or 6 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37
a fraction. Check your calculator manual to 5 a m + 10 years b m − 10 years
find out how to change this to a decimal. 7 a 24 × 52 m
b 23 × 33 × 5 c years
2
c i 24 × 33 × 52 = 10 800
Exercise 1.17 ii 23 × 5 = 40 p p p 3p
6 a $ b $ , $ and $
1 a 3.19 b 0.06 c 38.35 iii 22 × 5 = 20 3 5 5 5
d 2.15 e 1.00 f 0.05

* Cambridge International Examinations bears no responsibility for the example answers to

620 Answers questions taken from its past question papers which are contained in this publication.