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Resources and Development - 230429 - 222056
Resources and Development - 230429 - 222056
Resources
Resources and
and Development
Development
Full Chapter Explanation
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Resources Development
Class 10th - Geography - Resources and Development - Full Chapter Explanation
Technologically
accessible
Culturally
acceptable
Everything available in our environment
which can be used to satisfy our needs, Resources
provided, it is technologically accessible,
economically feasible and culturally
acceptable can be termed as ‘Resource’.
Economically
feasible
Class 10th - Geography - Resources and Development - Full Chapter Explanation
c
nature, technology and institutions.
Class 10th - Geography - Resources and Development - Full Chapter Explanation
(d) On the basis of status of development – potential, developed stock and reserves.
Class 10th - Geography - Resources and Development - Full Chapter Explanation
Development of Resources
Sustainable economic development A summit where more than 100 heads of states
means ‘development should take place met in Rio de Janeiro, the Summit was convened
without damaging the environment, for addressing urgent problems of environmental
and development in the present should protection and socioeconomic development at the
not compromise with the needs of the global level.
future generations.’
The Rio Convention endorsed the global Forest
Principles and adopted Agenda 21.
Class 10th - Geography - Resources and Development - Full Chapter Explanation
Agenda 21
How?
Resource Planning
∴ Balanced resource planning at the national, state, regional and local levels is required.
Class 10th - Geography - Resources and Development - Full Chapter Explanation
II. Evolving a planning structure endowed with appropriate technology, skill and
institutional set up for implementing resource development plans.
III. Matching the resource development plans with overall national development plans.
Class 10th - Geography - Resources and Development - Full Chapter Explanation
But merely availability of the resources in the absence of technology and institutions may
hinder development.
Explain
Conservation of Resources
“There is enough for everybody’s need, but not for anybody’s greed”
Mahatma Gandhi
Land Resources
➔ Distribution of Landmass
Significance
Class 10th - Geography - Resources and Development - Full Chapter Explanation
Land Utilisation
● Forest
● Fallow land
a. Current fallow-(left without cultivation for one or less than one agricultural year).
b. Other than current fallow-(left uncultivated for the past 1 to 5 agricultural years).
Area sown more than once in an agricultural year plus net sown area is known as gross
cropped area.
Class 10th - Geography - Resources and Development - Full Chapter Explanation
The use of land is determined both by physical factors such as topography, climate, soil
types as well as human factors such as population density, technological capability and
culture and traditions etc.
Land use data, however, is available only for 93 per cent of the total geographical area.
Why?
Class 10th - Geography - Resources and Development - Full Chapter Explanation
Class 10th - Geography - Resources and Development - Full Chapter Explanation
Question
● Most of the other than the current fallow lands are either of poor quality or the cost of
cultivation of such land is very high.
● The pattern of net sown area varies greatly from one state to another.
Far lower than the desired percent outlined in the National Forest Policy (1952).
● Waste land includes rocky, arid and desert areas and land put to other non-agricultural uses
includes settlements, roads, railways, industry etc.
Challenges
Class 10th - Geography - Resources and Development - Full Chapter Explanation
Land and We
Ninety-five per cent of our basic needs for food, shelter and clothing are obtained from land.
Human activities have not only brought about degradation of land but have also aggravated
the pace of natural forces to cause damage to land.
Explain
Class 10th - Geography - Resources and Development - Full Chapter Explanation
Causes Measures
● Deforestation ● Afforestation
● Overgrazing ● Management of grazing land
● Mining and Quarrying ● Regulating mining
● Over irrigation ● Drip irrigation, sprinklers
● Minerals processing industries ● Plantation of shelter belts
growing thorny bushes.
Analyse
Class 10th - Geography - Resources and Development - Full Chapter Explanation
Soil as a Resource
● Alluvial soil
● Black soil
● Red and Yellow soil
● Laterite soil
● Arid soil
● Forest soil
Class 10th - Geography - Resources and Development - Full Chapter Explanation
Alluvial Soil
● The alluvial soil consists of various proportions of sand, silt and clay.
Apart from the size of their grains or components, soils are also described on the basis of their age.
Bangar Khadar
Black Soil
● Rich in soil nutrients, such as calcium carbonate, magnesium, potash and lime.
● These soils are generally poor in phosphoric contents.
Similar to dough
Impact
Develop deep cracks during hot weather
and sticky when wet.
Class 10th - Geography - Resources and Development - Full Chapter Explanation
Laterite Soil
Formation and Location
Characteristics
Arid Soil
Agriculture
Forest Soil
Characteristics
Explain
Northern plains (Interplay of Paddy, wheat, sugar Silt, sand and clay
Alluvial Khadar and bangar
Indus, Ganga Brahmaputra) cane and other cereal Potash, phosphoric acid and lime.
Reddish due to
Odisha, chhattisgarh and
Develops on crystalline igneous diffusion of iron and
Red and Yellow piedmont zone of the Plantation (coffee)
rocks and contain iron particles. yellow when it occurs
Western Ghats.
in hydrated form.
Hill and mountainous regions Mountain vegetations Loamy and silty in valley and Fertile on valley and
Forest
(J&K,HP,UK, Sikkim and AP) and forests. coarse grained in upper slopes terraces.
Class 10th - Geography - Resources and Development - Full Chapter Explanation
● The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down is described as soil erosion.
Human activities Deforestation, overgrazing, construction and mining, defective farming method.
Natural forces Wind, glaciers and water leads to soil erosion.