Student Information ĐÃ NÔP 1

22:51 11/05/2024 Student Information
Student Information
Email *
vothanhvu180790@gmail.com
MSSV *
2215702060
Class *
22HDUA2
Name *
Võ Thanh Vũ
Choose the Right Answer
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Which of the followings is NOT correct? *
In microbiology, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is the largest

concentration of a chemical, usually a drug, which prevents visible growth of
bacterium.
If the MIC is less than or equal to the susceptibility breakpoint the bacteria is
considered susceptible to the antibiotic.
A breakpoint is a chosen concentration (mg/L) of an antibiotic which defines

whether a species of bacteria is susceptible or resistant to the antibiotic.
In the antibiotic synergistic response, the applied antibiotics work together to

produce an effect more potent than if each antibiotic were applied singly.
__________ means be able to spread from one person or organism to another, *

typically by direct contact.
All are correct
Contagious
Transmissible
Communicable
It is generally recommended that you avoid carbapenem if you are allergic to

penicillin
Seizures are among the most serious side effects of carbapenem
Ertapenem has strong activity against Pseudomonas
The preferred, proven therapeutic options for severe infections caused by ESBL-
producing organisms are carbapenems
Which of the followings is NOT gram-positive cocci? *
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Streptococcus pneumonia
Staphylococcus epidermidis
Staphylococcus aureus
The followings does not require oxygen for growth, except: *
Chlamydia
Clostridium difficile
Actinomyces
Lactobacillus
Infectious diseases are disorders caused by organisms — such as bacteria, viruses,

fungi or parasites.
Contagious means difficultly spread from one person or organism to another,

typically by direct contact.
Some infectious diseases are acquired by ingesting contaminated food or water or

being exposed to organisms in the environment.
Some infectious diseases can be passed from person to person. Some are
transmitted by bites from insects or animals.
Spores are special structure that help Clostridium difficile tolerate extreme
conditions
“Collateral damage” is a term used to refer to ecological adverse effects of antibiotic

therapy; such as, the selection of drug-resistant organisms and the unwanted
development of colonization or infection with multidrug-resistant organisms.
Clostridium difficile is bacteria that can cause severe diarrhea and abdominal
cramping that most commonly affects people who have recently been treated with
antibiotics.
Clindamycin can eliminate Clostridium difficile
__________ is a term used to refer to ecological adverse effects of antibiotic *

therapy; such as, the selection of drug-resistant organisms and the unwanted
development of colonization or infection with multidrug-resistant organisms.
Antibiotics resistance
Diarrhea
Abdominal cramping
Collateral damage
Which of the following antibiotics inhibit cell wall synthesis? *
Trimethoprim
Sulfonamide
Daptomycin
Penicillin
Tetracycline
Gram-negative bacteria do not retain the crystal violet dye; after washing, a
counterstain is added (commonly safranin or fuchsine) that will stain these Gram-
negative bacteria a pink color.
Gram-positive bacteria retain the crystal violet dye
Gram staining is a common technique used to differentiate two large groups of

bacteria based on their different cell wall constituents.
Gram staining cannot distinguish cocci and rods.
Which of the following antibiotics inhibit DNA replication by inhibit DNA gyrase? *
Nitrofuratoin
Quinolone
Chloramphenicol
Tetracycline
Daptomycin
Which of the following antibiotics is analog of PABA, inhibits the synthesis of folic *
acid?
Sulfonamide
Amoxicillin
Fluroquinolone
Daptomycin
Tetracycline
Which of the followings are bacteria that do not color with gram-staining but *
rather remain colorless?
Actinomyces
Chlamydia
Lactobacillus
Clostridium difficile
According to the following antibiogram, which antibiotics should be used for *

hospital-acquired pneumonia with MRSA infection?
Penicillin
Linezolid
Levofloxacin
Clindamycin
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Treatment strategies for resistant organism infection are difficult, costly and/or toxic
Antimicrobial resistance is the ability of a drug to successfully treat the microbe
E coli, for example, has innate resistance to vancomycin because vancomycin is too
large to pass through the porin channels in its cell wall
Natural resistance is an inherent attribute that protects the organism, such as the
outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria.
In order to overcome β-lactamase-mediated resistance, β-lactamase inhibitors

(clavulanate, sulbactam, and tazobactam) were combined with betalactam.
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) are enzymes that confer resistance to

most beta-lactam antibiotics, including penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenem
In the case of antibiotic resistance, antibiotics cause a selective pressure by killing

susceptible bacteria, allowing antibiotic-resistant bacteria to survive and multiply.
Beta-lactamases are enzymes produced by bacteria that provide multi-resistance to

β-lactam antibiotics
Gram staining helps determine the recommended treatment plan.
Gram staining has been suggested to be as effective a diagnostic tool for infectious
diseases
Antibiotic streamlining is also known as antibiotic de-escalation
Empiric antimicrobial therapy is typically narrow-spectrum, in that it treats a specific

kind of bacteria
CRE, which stands for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, are a family of

germs that are difficult to treat because they have high levels of resistance to many
antibiotics including carbapenem.
CRE can cause many types of infections and are difficult to treat
Klebsiella species are examples of Enterobacteriaceae
Penicillin shows some ability to kill or inhibit CRE bacteria from growing
Which of the followings is correct? *
All are correct
Resistant (R) means the bacteria can grow even if the drug is present. This is a sign
of an ineffective antibiotic.
A culture is a test to find germs (such as bacteria or a fungus) that can cause an
infection. A sensitivity test checks to see what kind of medicine, such as an
antibiotic, will work best to treat the illness or infection.
Susceptible (S) means bacteria can’t grow if the drug is present. This means the
antibiotic is effective against the bacteria.
Intermediate (I) means a higher dose of the antibiotic is needed to prevent growth.
For most diseases: decision making depends on characteristics of patients and

drugs
Patients, diagnosed with a same type of infectious disease but having different
profiles of allergy, concomitant disease states, might receive different strategy of
treatment
To select rational antimicrobial therapy for an infectious situation, a variety of

factors must be considered: host factors, factors related to the drugs used, and
microbes
Antibiotics therapy for renal failure patients and for patients with normal renal
function are similar
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22:51 11/05/2024 Student Information

Choose the Right Answer

Which of the followings is NOT correct? *

In microbiology, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) is the largest

A breakpoint is a chosen concentration (mg/L) of an antibiotic which defines

In the antibiotic synergistic response, the applied antibiotics work together to

__________ means be able to spread from one person or organism to another, *

All are correct

Which of the followings is NOT correct? *

It is generally recommended that you avoid carbapenem if you are allergic to

Seizures are among the most serious side effects of carbapenem

Ertapenem has strong activity against Pseudomonas

Which of the followings is NOT gram-positive cocci? *

The followings does not require oxygen for growth, except: *

Which of the followings is NOT correct? *

Infectious diseases are disorders caused by organisms — such as bacteria, viruses,

Contagious means difficultly spread from one person or organism to another,

Some infectious diseases are acquired by ingesting contaminated food or water or

Which of the followings is NOT correct? *

“Collateral damage” is a term used to refer to ecological adverse effects of antibiotic

Clindamycin can eliminate Clostridium difficile

__________ is a term used to refer to ecological adverse effects of antibiotic *

Which of the following antibiotics inhibit cell wall synthesis? *

Which of the followings is NOT correct? *

Gram-positive bacteria retain the crystal violet dye

Gram staining is a common technique used to differentiate two large groups of

Gram staining cannot distinguish cocci and rods.

According to the following antibiogram, which antibiotics should be used for *

Which of the followings is NOT correct? *

Antimicrobial resistance is the ability of a drug to successfully treat the microbe

Which of the followings is NOT correct? *

In order to overcome β-lactamase-mediated resistance, β-lactamase inhibitors

Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) are enzymes that confer resistance to

In the case of antibiotic resistance, antibiotics cause a selective pressure by killing

Beta-lactamases are enzymes produced by bacteria that provide multi-resistance to

Which of the followings is NOT correct? *

Gram staining helps determine the recommended treatment plan.

Antibiotic streamlining is also known as antibiotic de-escalation

Empiric antimicrobial therapy is typically narrow-spectrum, in that it treats a specific

Which of the followings is NOT correct? *

CRE, which stands for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, are a family of

Klebsiella species are examples of Enterobacteriaceae

Which of the followings is correct? *

All are correct

Which of the followings is NOT correct? *

For most diseases: decision making depends on characteristics of patients and

To select rational antimicrobial therapy for an infectious situation, a variety of

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