LEARNING OBJECTIVES:

 Demonstrate the ability to multiply 2 or 3-digit numbers by 1 and 2-digit numbers.

 Recognize the significance of place value when multiplying.
 Recall that the digits in the ones place are multiplied by the single-digit number, followed
by the digits in the tens place.

STUDENTS LEARNING OUTCOMES:

Students should be able to
 Multiply 2-digit numbers by 1 and 2-digit numbers.
 Recognize the role of place value in multiplication.
 Multiply 3-digit numbers by other 2-digit numbers.

RESOURCE MATERIAL:
• Text book
• Workbook
• Board with markers
• Duster

For activity
• Stopwatch
• Multiplication flashcards

LINKAGE WITH PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE:

Students typically begin memorizing multiplication tables, especially for single-digit numbers, in
earlier grades (e.g., 2 x 3 = 6, 5 x 7 = 35). Emphasize that knowing multiplication tables is
essential for multiplying by 1 and 2-digit numbers, as many of these calculations involve single-
digit numbers as factors.

Introduction to Multiplication:
Begin by explaining that multiplication is a faster way of adding the same number multiple
times. Use simple examples like 3 x 4, which can be thought of as adding 3 four times (3 + 3 + 3
+ 3).
Ask students if they know how to multiply numbers and if they have encountered multiplication
in real-life situations.
Multiplication Tables:
Ensure students have a strong foundation in multiplication tables for single-digit numbers (1-9).
This knowledge is essential for understanding multiplication by 1 and 2-digit numbers.
Place Value Understanding:
Teach the importance of place value, especially when multiplying 2-digit numbers. Ensure
students understand that each place (ones, tens) has a different value.
Begin with 1-Digit Multipliers:
Start with multiplying by 1-digit numbers. Show students how to multiply a 2-digit number by a
single-digit number (e.g., 23 x 4).

Gradual Progression:
Sequence the lessons so that students begin with 1-digit multiplication problems (e.g., 3 x 7) and
gradually move to 2-digit multiplication (e.g., 23 x 7) as they become more comfortable with the
concept.

Step-by-Step Process:
Break down the multiplication process into steps:
 Multiply the digit in the ones place of the 2-digit number by the single-digit
number.
 Multiply the digit in the tens place of the 2-digit number by the single-digit
number.
 Add the two products together to find the final answer.
Mental Math Strategies:
Encourage mental math strategies for multiplying by 1-digit numbers, and gradually extend these
to 2-digit numbers. For instance, students can break down 2-digit numbers into tens and ones
(e.g., 23 x 4 as 20 x 4 + 3 x 4).

INTEGRATION WITH OTHER SUBJECTS:

Social Studies:
When studying economics, use multiplication to explore concepts like calculating cost of an
item.

BRIDGE:
Building a bridge between multiplying by 1 and 2-digit numbers is essential to help students
transition smoothly from basic to more complex multiplication problems. Ensure students have a
strong grasp of multiplication as repeated addition. For example, 3 x 4 is equivalent to adding 3
four times (3 + 3 + 3 + 3).

CONCLUSION:
Review the key points of the lesson, emphasizing the steps for multiplying by 1 and 2-digit
numbers.
Discuss how multiplication can be useful in solving everyday problems.
Encourage students to practice multiplication at home and in real-life situations.

COPY WORK:
Practice questions from book
Workbook pages

TEST/ ASSESSMENT:
Assessment can be based on students' performance during the application and practice portion of
the lesson. Review their completed worksheets to gauge their understanding of multiplication by
1 and 2-digit numbers.

NOTES:
Multiplying by 1-Digit Numbers:
Definition: Multiplying by a 1-digit number is a faster way of adding the same number
repeatedly.
Place Value: Understand that each place value (ones, tens, hundreds, etc.) in a number has a
specific value.
Multiplication Tables: Memorize multiplication tables for single-digit numbers (1-9) to make
calculations faster.
Steps for 1-Digit Multiplication:
• Multiply the digit in the ones place first.
• Then, multiply the digit in the tens place.
• Add the two products together to get the final answer.

Multiplying by 2-Digit Numbers:

Definition: Multiplying by a 2-digit number is a more advanced form of multiplication where
you're multiplying by numbers between 10 and 99.
Steps to Multiply Two Digit Numbers
• Step 1: Estimate the product using the nearest ‘tens‘ to verify the answer.
• Step 2: Multiply any one of the numbers by the ‘ones’ digit of the second number.
• Step 3: Multiply the number by the ‘tens’ digit of the number.
• Step 4: Finally, add the two partial products to get the final product and verify it with the
estimated product.
Place Value Mastery: Understand the role of place value when multiplying 2-digit numbers.
The tens place in the result represents groups of ten.
Real-Life Application: Multiplication is used in various real-life scenarios, such as calculating
the total cost of items or finding the number of items in equal groups.