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The Project Gutenberg eBook of Origins of the
'Forty-five
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Language: English
March 1916
ORIGINS OF THE ’FORTY-FIVE
EDINBURGH
Printed at the University Press by T. and A. Constable for the
Scottish History Society
1916
PREFACE
I desire to express my thanks to the Government of the French
Republic for permission to make transcripts and to print selections
from State Papers preserved in the National Archives in Paris; to the
Earl of Ancaster for permission to print the Drummond Castle
Manuscript of Captain Daniel’s Progress; to the Earl of Galloway for
Cardinal York’s Memorial to the Pope; to His Grace the Archbishop
of St. Andrews for the use of papers elucidating the action of the
Roman Catholic clergy in 1745; to Miss Grosett-Collins, who kindly
lent me Grossett family papers; to Mrs. G. E. Forbes and Mr.
Archibald Trotter of Colinton for private papers of the Lumisden
family; to M. le Commandant Jean Colin of the French Army (author
of Louis XV. et les Jacobites) for several valuable communications,
and to Martin Haile for similar help.
To my cousin, Miss H. Tayler, joint author of The Book of the
Duffs, I am indebted for transcripts of papers in the French Archives
in Paris as well as for information from Duff family papers; to Miss
Maria Lansdale for the transcript of the report of the Marquis
d’Eguilles to Louis xv.; to Dr. W. A. Macnaughton, Stonehaven, for
copies of the depositions referring to the evasion of Sir James
Steuart; and to Miss Nairne, Salisbury, for the translation of Cardinal
York’s Memorial.
I have also to acknowledge general help from the Hon. Evan
Charteris; Mr. William Mackay, Inverness; Mr. J. K. Stewart,
secretary of the Stewart Society; Mr. J. R. N. Macphail, K.C.; Mr. J.
M. Bulloch, author of The House of Gordon; Dr. Watson, Professor of
Celtic History, Edinburgh; Mr. P. J. Anderson, Aberdeen University
Library; Colonel Lachlan Forbes; the Rev. Archibald Macdonald of
Kiltarlity; and the Rev. W. C. Flint of Fort Augustus.
I should be ungrateful if I did not make acknowledgment of the
information I have received and made use of from five modern books
—James Francis Edward, by Martin Haile; The King Over the Water,
by A. Shield and Andrew Lang; The Jacobite Peerage, by the
Marquis de Ruvigny; The History of Clan Gregor, by Miss Murray
Macgregor; and The Clan Donald, by A. and A. Macdonald.
Lastly, I have to thank Mr. W. Forbes Gray for kindly reading and
revising proofs and for other assistance; and Mr. Alex. Mill, who has
most carefully prepared the Index and given me constant help in
many ways.
W. B. B.
Colinton, March 1, 1916.
CORRIGENDA
Page xxxix, lines 3 and 14, for ‘Excellency’ read ‘Eminence.’
Page 18, note 3, for see Appendix’ read ‘see Introduction, p.
xxiii.’ [Transcriber’s note: found in footnote 140]
Page 47, note 1, for ‘John Butler’ read ‘John Boyle.’
[Transcriber’s note: found in footnote 180]
Page 113, note 3, last line, for ‘1745’ read ‘1746.’ [Transcriber’s
note: found in footnote 323]
SCOTTISH HISTORY SOCIETY
The Editor of ‘ORIGINS OF THE FORTY-FIVE’ requests
members to make the following corrections:—
Page xviii, line 20, ‘September 3rd’ should be
‘September 1st.’
Page xxv, line 25, the age of Glenbucket should be
‘sixty-four,’ and at page lxi, line 6, his age should be
‘seventy-two.’
In a letter in the Stuart Papers (Windsor), from
Glenbucket to Edgar, dated St. Ouen, 21 Aug.
1747, he states his age to be seventy-four.
Page 97, line 22 of note, ‘Clan Donald iii, 37,’ should
be ‘iii, 337.’ [Transcriber’s note: found in footnote 301]
Page 164, note 1 [Transcriber’s note: found in footnote
388], and again in Genealogical Table, page 422,
‘Abercromby of Fettercairn’ should be ‘of Fetterneir.’
June 4, 1917.
CONTENTS
PAGE
INTRODUCTION ix
Papers of John Murray of Broughton xlix
Memorial concerning the Highlands liii
The late Rebellion in Ross and Sutherland lv
The Rebellion in Aberdeen and Banff lvii
Captain Daniel’s Progress lxiv
Prince Charles’s Wanderings in the Hebrides lxx
Narrative of Ludovick Grant of Grant lxxiii
Rev. John Grant and the Grants of Sheugly lxxvi
Grossett’s Memorial and Accounts lxxviii
The Battles of Preston, Falkirk, and Culloden lxxxiv
Papers of John Murray of Broughton found after
Culloden 3
Memorial Concerning the Highlands, written by
Alexander Macbean, A.M., Minister of Inverness 71
An Account of the Late Rebellion from Ross and
Sutherland, written by Daniel Munro, Minister of
Tain 95
Memoirs of the Rebellion in 1745 and 1746, so far as
it Concerned the Counties of Aberdeen and Banff 113
A True Account of Mr. John Daniel’s Progress with 167
Prince Charles Edward in the Years 1745 and 1746,
written by himself
Neil Maceachain’s Narrative of the Wanderings of
Prince Charles in the Hebrides 227
A Short Narrative of the Conduct of Ludovick Grant
of Grant during the Rebellion 269
The Case of the Rev. John Grant, Minister of
Urquhart; and of Alexander Grant of Sheugly in
Urquhart, and James Grant, his Son 313
A Narrative of Sundry Services performed, together
with an Account of Money disposed in the Service of
Government during the late Rebellion, by Walter
Grossett 335
Letters and Orders from the Correspondence of
Walter Grossett 379
A Short Account of the Battles of Preston, Falkirk,
and Culloden, by Andrew Lumisden, then Private
Secretary to Prince Charles 405
APPENDICES—
i. The Jacobite Lord Sempill 421
ii. Murray and the Bishopric of Edinburgh 422
iii. Sir James Steuart 423
iv. The Guildhall Relief Fund 429
v. Cardinal York’s Memorial to the Pope 434
vi. The Macdonalds 449
vii. Tables showing Kinship of Highland Chiefs 451
viii. Lists of Highland Gentlemen who took part in the
’Forty-five 454
INDEX 459
INTRODUCTION
James Francis Edward, King James iii. and viii. of the Jacobites,
the Old Pretender of his enemies, and the Chevalier de St. George
of historians, was born at St. James’s Palace on 10th June 1688. On
the landing of William of Orange and the outbreak of the Revolution,
the young Prince and his mother were sent to France, arriving at
Calais on 11th December (O.S.);[1] the King left England a fortnight
later and landed at Ambleteuse on Christmas Day (O.S.). The
château of St. Germain-en-Laye near Paris was assigned as a
residence for the royal exiles, and this château was the home of the
Chevalier de St. George for twenty-four years.
James ii. and vii. died on 5th September 1701 (16th Sept. N.S.),
and immediately on his death Louis xiv. acknowledged his son as
king, and promised to further his interests to the best of his power.
Scotland was the scene of the next design for a The French
restoration, and the principal agent of the French Descent, 1708.
Court was a certain Colonel Nathaniel Hooke. [3]
Hooke had been sent to Scotland in the year 1705,
to see if that country was in such a state as to afford a reasonable
prospect of an expedition in favour of the exiled Stuart. In the year
1707, while the Union was being forced upon an unwilling
population, and discontent was rife throughout the country on
account of that unpopular measure, Hooke was again sent, and
although not entirely satisfied with all he saw and heard, he returned
with favourable accounts on the whole. Among other documents he
brought with him was a Memorial of certain Scottish lords to the
Chevalier, in which, among other things, it was stated that if James,
under the protection of His Most Christian Majesty (Louis xiv.), would
come and put himself at the head of his people in Scotland, ‘the
whole nation will rise upon the arrival of its King, who will become
master of Scotland without any opposition, and the present
Government will be intirely abolished.’ It was some months before
the French king gave any answer. St. Simon in his Memoires says
that Louis xiv. was so disheartened by his previous failure that he
would not at first listen to the suggestion of a French expedition; and
it was only through the efforts of Madame de Maintenon that he was
persuaded to sanction an invading force. Even then much time was
wasted, and it was not until the spring of 1708 that a squadron was
equipped under the command of the Admiral de Forbin, and a small
army under the Comte de Gasse. Even when ready to sail, the
constant and proverbial ill-luck of the Stuarts overtook the poor
Chevalier. He caught measles, which still further delayed the
expedition. By this time, naturally, the British Government had
learned all about the scheme, and made their naval preparations
accordingly. At last, on the 17th March, James, hardly convalescent,
wrapped in blankets, was carried on board the flagship at Dunkirk.
The squadron was to have proceeded to the Firth of Forth and to
have landed the Chevalier at Leith, where his partisans were
prepared to proclaim him king at Edinburgh. Possibly because of bad
seamanship, possibly because of treachery,[4] the French admiral
missed the Firth of Forth, and found himself off Montrose. He turned,
and could proceed no nearer Edinburgh than the Isle of May, off
which he anchored. There the British Fleet, which had followed him
in close pursuit, discovered him. The admiral weighed anchor, and
fought a naval action in which he lost one of his ships. He then
retreated towards the north of Scotland. James implored to be set
ashore even if it were only in a small boat by himself, but his
solicitations were in vain. The admiral positively refused, saying that
he had received instructions from the French king to be as careful of
the Chevalier as if he were Louis himself; so Forbin carried him back
to Dunkirk, where the heart-broken exile was landed on the 6th of
April, having been absent only twenty days, and having lost one of
the most likely opportunities that ever occurred for his restoration to
his ancient kingdom of Scotland, if not to England.