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SMPR-II UPC 12111403 Set B
SMPR-II UPC 12111403 Set B
SMPR-II UPC 12111403 Set B
1. (a) What is the meaning and use of level of significance in hypothesis testing? How is
it different from p-value? (3,2)
OR/ अथवा
Compare the z test and t test for testing hypotheses about single means. (5)
OR/ अथवा
Set B
Why does variance of a sample give a biased estimate of the variance of the
population? How can we correct this bias? (3,2)
(c) Dr. Sharma invented a new drug that she believes cures COVID-19. To test the
effectiveness of the drug, she randomly selected 25 participants and administered the
drug on them. Prior studies indicate the mean effectiveness of all the COVID-19
drugs is 30. The average score for the sample chosen by Dr Sharma is X̅ = 34 and the
estimated standard deviation (sx) was found to be 6. What can Dr. Sharma conclude?
Use a one-tailed test at the .05 level of significance and help her to make a correct
interpretation. (5)
डॉ. शमा ने एक नई दवा ईजाद क िजसके बारे म उनका मानना है क इससे को वड-19 ठ क हो
सकता है । दवा क भावशीलता का पर ण करने के लए, उसने या ि छक प से 25
तभा गय का चयन कया और उ ह दवा द । पछले अ ययन से संकेत मलता है क सभी
COVID-19 दवाओं क औसत भावशीलता 30 है । डॉ शमा वारा चन ु े गए नमनू े का औसत
कोर X̅ = 34 है और अनम ु ा नत मानक वचलन s X = 6 पाया गया। डॉ. शमा या
न कष नकाल सकते ह? मह व के .05 तर पर एक-पंछ ू वाले पर ण का उपयोग कर और
सह या या करने म उसक मदद कर।
2. (a) Using suitable examples, describe the independent and dependent samples design.
Why are there fewer degrees of freedom for dependent samples compared to
independent samples design? (3,2)
OR/ अथवा
What are confidence intervals? Discuss the relationship between confidence intervals
and hypothesis testing. (2,3)
(b) A psychology professor wishes to compare the level of anxiety among males and
females. The following are the scores on anxiety for the two genders:
Set up the appropriate statistical hypotheses; perform the t-test for independent
samples (non-directional) (α = .01); and draw final conclusions. (5)
(c) A group of 64 patients were compared on their depression scores before and after
a session of cognitive behaviour therapy. The data is given below (r = +0.60).
Construct a confidence interval of μX − μY according to 0.95. (5)
64 रो गय के एक समह ू क तल
ु ना एक सं ाना मक यवहार च क सा स से पहले और बाद
म उनके अवसाद कोर से क गई और डेटा नीचे दया गया है (r=+0.60)। 0.95 के अनस
ु ार μX
− μY का कॉि फडस इंटरवल बनाएं।
Mean sX Mean sY
88 16 85 14
3. (a) Describe the similarities and differences between t test and F test. (5)
OR/ अथवा
List the assumptions for using one-way analysis of variance. For each assumption,
explain the impact of violation of the assumption. (5)
Group A: 5, 7, 6, 3
Group B: 9, 8, 7, 7
Group C: 8, 6, 9, 5
Express H0 and HA. By calculating F ratio (α= .05), examine if there is a significant
effect of the new reading programs on the reading scores of the students. (10)
OR/ अथवा
How do nonparametric tests differ from parametric tests? Discuss the applications of
non-parametric tests. (5)
कैसे अ ाच लक पर ण ाच लक पर ण से अलग है ? गैर पैरामी क पर ण के
अनु योग पर चचा कर।
(b) A researcher asks eighth-grade students to report their willingness to use mental
health services in the event they were experiencing emotional or other mental health
problems. Data obtained for a sample of n = 150 students is shown below.
Male 17 32 11
Female 13 43 34
State the null hypothesis of independence for this situation. Does the data show a
significant relationship between gender and willingness to seek mental health
assistance? Compute chi-square (α= .01) to draw your conclusions. (10)
Set B
एक पर ण क शि त या है ?
(b) In the chi-square test, why does the region of rejection always appear in the upper
tail of the distribution? (2)
है ?
(c) What is the difference between one-tailed and two-tailed tests? (2)
(d) Why is the F-ratio expected to be near 1.00 when the null hypothesis is true.
Explain. (2)
शू य प रक पना स य होने पर एफ-अनप
ु ात 1.00 के कर ब होने क उ मीद य है । या या
करना।
प ट क िजए।
(f) If the calculated value of t-statistic is 15, find out the value for the F test. (2)
लगाएं।
(g) What are post-hoc comparisons? Why are they used? (3)
पो ट-हॉक तल
ु ना या ह? इनका उपयोग य कया जाता है ?