CHEMISTRY

PROJECT

LIPIDS AND WAXES

By Mohd Suhail
Contents
01 Introduction
Fats and lipids are an essential component of the homeostatic
function of the human body. Lipids contribute to some of the body’s
most vital processes

02 Objectives
A source of nutrients, a storage form for carbon, energy-storage
molecules, or structural components of membranes and hormones.

03 Analysis
Extracellular lipids of plants can be analyzed using gas
chromatography and mass spectrometry.

04 Function and Usase

Another type of lipid is wax. Waxes are esters made of long-chain
alcohol and a fatty acid. They provide protection, especially to plants
in which wax covers the leaves of plants. In humans, cerumen, also
known as earwax, helps protect the skin of the ear canal.
Introduction
Lipids are oily or greasy
nonpolar molecules, stored in
the adipose tissue of the
body. Lipids are a
heterogeneous group of
compounds, mainly
composed of hydrocarbon
chains. Lipids are energy-rich
organic molecules, which
provide energy for different
life processes
Properties of Lipids
Lipids are a family of organic compounds, composed of fats and
oils. These molecules yield high energy and are responsible for
different functions within the human body. Listed below are some
important characteristics of Lipids.
Lipids are oily or greasy nonpolar molecules, stored in the
adipose tissue of the body.
Lipids are a heterogeneous group of compounds, mainly
composed of hydrocarbon chains.
Lipids are energy-rich organic molecules, which provide energy
for different life processes.
Lipids are a class of compounds characterised by their
solubility in nonpolar solvents and insolubility in water.
Lipids are significant in biological systems as they form a
mechanical barrier dividing a cell from the external
environment known as the cell membrane.
Lipid Structure
Lipids are the polymers
of fatty acids that
contain a long, non-
polar hydrocarbon chain
with a small polar
region containing
oxygen. The lipid
structure is explained in
the diagram
below:Lipids are oily or
greasy nonpolar
molecules, stored in the
adipose tissue of the Lipid Structure – Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acids
body.
Properties of Lipids
Lipids are a family of organic compounds, composed of fats and
oils. These molecules yield high energy and are responsible for
different functions within the human body. Listed below are some
important characteristics of Lipids.
Lipids are oily or greasy nonpolar molecules, stored in the
adipose tissue of the body.
Lipids are a heterogeneous group of compounds, mainly
composed of hydrocarbon chains.
Lipids are energy-rich organic molecules, which provide energy
for different life processes.
Lipids are a class of compounds characterised by their
solubility in nonpolar solvents and insolubility in water.
Lipids are significant in biological systems as they form a
mechanical barrier dividing a cell from the external
environment known as the cell membrane.
Classification of Lipids
Lipids can be classified into two main classes:
Nonsaponifiable lipids
Saponifiable lipids

Nonsaponifiable Lipids
A nonsaponifiable lipid cannot be disintegrated into smaller molecules
through hydrolysis. Nonsaponifiable lipids include cholesterol,
prostaglandins, etc

Saponifiable Lipids
A saponifiable lipid comprises one or more ester groups, enabling it
to undergo hydrolysis in the presence of a base, acid, or enzymes,
including waxes, triglycerides, sphingolipids and phospholipids.
Further, these categories can be divided into non-polar and polar
lipids.