1. The North Pole___________ a latitude of 90 degrees north.

A. it has
B. is having
C. which is having
D. has
Sentence : S + V

2. The city of Beverly Hills is surrounded on ________ the city of Los Angeles.
A. its sides
B. the sides are
C. it is the side of
D. all sides by
phrase
3. ________ greyhound, can achieve speeds up to thirty-six miles per hour.
A. The
B. The fastest
C. The fastest dog
D. The fastest dog, the

ADJECTIVE CLAUSE - S, CONJ+V atau reducing (ving/v3) atau appositive, V

4. Marmots spend their time foraging among meadow plants and flowers or ________ on rocky
cliffs.
A. gets sun
B. sunning
C. the sun
D. sunny
Parallel structure
FANBOYS --- and, but, or – PARALLEL GERUND

5. The greenhouse effect occurs ________ heat radiated from the Sun.
A. when does the Earth’s atmosphere trap
B. does the Earth’s atmosphere trap
C. when the Earth’s atmosphere traps
D. the Earth’s atmosphere traps
ADVERBIAL CLAUSE – SV CONJ SV atau CONJ SV, SV

6. The Rose Bowl, ________ place on New Year’s Day, is the oldest postseason
collegiate football game in the United States.
A. takes
B. it takes
C. which takes
D. took
ADJ CLAUSE - S, CONJ+V atau reducing (ving/v3) atau appositive, V

7. Experiments ________ represent a giant step into the medicine of the future.
A. using gene therapy > which use
B. use gene therapy
C. they use
D. gene therapy uses
ADJECTIVE CLAUSE – REDUCING – NOUN+VING= AKTIF
8. ________ off the Hawaiian coastline are living, others are dead.
A. While some types of coral reefs
B. Some types of coral reefs
C. There are many types of coral reefs
D. Coral reefs
ADVERBIAL CLAUSE – SV CONJ SV atau CONJ SV, SV

9. Nimbostratus clouds are thick, dark grey clouds ________ forecast rain
A. what
B. which
C. what they
D. which they
ADJECTIVE CLAUSE -- CONJ+V
NOTE: tidak mention pronoun di sub clause dari benda yang dijelaskan

10. Some economists now suggest that home equity loans are merely a new trap to push
consumers beyond ________.
A. they can afford
B. they can afford it
C. what is affordable
D. able to afford
NOUN CLAUSE – OBJECT OF PREPO 1 conj = 2 verb / 2 conj = 3 verb
11. People who reverse the letters of words ________ to read suffer from dyslexia.
A. when trying – when people try
B. if they tried
C. when tried
D. if he tries
ADV CLAUSE – REDUCING AKTIF = CONJ + VING – subjectnya harus sama
12. Featured at the Henry Ford Museum ________ of antique cars dating from 1865.
A. is an exhibit
B. an exhibit
C. an exhibit is
D. which is an exhibit
Inversion : V + S – ada banyak jenis
13. Rubber ________ from vulcanized silicones with a high molecular weight is difficult to
distinguish from natural rubber.
A. is produced
B. producing
C. that produces
D. produced – which is produced
REDUCING AC – NOUN+V3
14. ________ appears considerably larger at the horizon than it does overhead is
merely an optical illusion.
A. The Moon
B. That the Moon – 2 conj = 3 verb
C. When the Moon
D. The Moon which
NOUN CLAUSE – THAT+ SV, Ketika jadi subject diikuti V singular
 15. According to the World Health Organization, ________ there to be an outbreak of any of the six
most dangerous diseases, it could be cause for quarantine.
A. were
B. they were
C. there were
D. were they
INVERSION – conditional sentence type 2 – IF S + V  V + S
IF there were to be …. , it could be ….

16. On the floor of the Pacific Ocean is hundreds of flat-topped mountains more than a mile beneath sea level.
A B C D
INVERSION – V + S – preposition merujuk ke place --- is = are
17. Because of the flourish with which John Hancock signed the Declaration of Independence, his name become
A B C
synonymous with signature.
D
TENSES – SIMPLE PAST – V2 --- become -- became
18. Segregation in public schools was declare unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1954.
A B C D
AKTIF – PASSIVE VERB – declare -- declared
19. Sirius, the Dog Star, is the most brightest star in the sky with an absolute magnitude about twenty-three times
A B C
that of the Sun.
D
COMPARISON DEGREE – 1 suku kata – the … est
20. Killer whales tend to wander in family clusters that hunt, play, and resting together.
A B C D
PARALLEL STRUCTURE -- and – to infinitive resting - rest
21. Some of the most useful resistor material are carbon, metals, and metallic alloys.
A B C D
Materials – are
22. The community of Bethesda, Maryland, was previous known as Darcy’s Store.
A B C D
Previous- previously – karena adverb menjelaskan verb
23. Alloys of gold and copper have been widely using in various types of coins.
A B C D
Using – used – passive
24. J. H. Pratt used group therapy early in this century when he brought tuberculosis patients together to discuss
A B C
its disease.
D
Its – their – patients
25. The United States has import all carpet wools in recent years because domestic wools are too fine
A B C D
and soft for carpets.
Import – imported – present perfect
26. Irving Berlin wrote “Oh How I Hate to Get Up in the Morning” while serving in a U.S. Army during World War 1.
A B C D
a– the – negara US/UK pakai the > artikel
27. Banks are rushing to merge because consolidations enable them to slash theirs costs and expand.
A B C D
 Theirs – their + noun
28. That water has a very high specific heat means that without a large temperature change water can add or lose
A B C
a large number of heat.
D
Number – amount – heat (uncountable)
29. Benny Goodman was equally talented as both a jazz performer as well as a classical musician.
A B C D
Both – and >> compound conjuction
30. The state seal still used in Massachusetts designed by Paul Revere, who also designed the first Continental
currency.
A B C D
Passive = was designed
31.Quarter horses were developed in eighteenth-century- Virginia to race on courses short of about a quarter
A B
of a mile in length.
C D
Noun phrase = adj + noun = short course
32. No longer satisfied with the emphasis of the Denishawn School, Martha Graham has moved to the staff of
A B C D
the Eastman School in 1925.
Simple past – in 1925 – has moved -- moved
33. William Hart was an act best known for his roles as western heroes in silent films.
A B C D
Act (verb) = actor (noun) -- william
34. Prior to an extermination program earlier this century, alive wolves roamed across nearly all of North America.
A B C D
Alive – jatuh setelah verb be dan tidak boleh bersandingan dg benda
Live + noun >>> word choice
35. During the 1960s the Berkeley campus of the University of California came to national attention as a result
A B C
its radical political activity.
D
A result of noun…..

36. Artist Gutzon Borglum designed the Mount Rushmore Memorial and worked on project from
A B
1925 until his death in 1941.
C D
Project = the project = artikel
37. It is proving less costly and more profitably for drug makers to market directly to patients.
A B C D
Profitably – profitable – parallel dg costly (adjective)
38. Sapphires weighing as much as two pounds have on occasion mined.
A B C D
Mined – been mined – passive present perfect -- ditambang
39. Like snakes, lizards can be found on all others continents except Antarctica.
A B C D
Other + plural noun
Others tidak boleh bersandingan dg noun
Another + singular
40. Banks, savings and loans, and finance companies have recently been doing home equity
A B
loans with greater frequency than ever before.
C D
Doing = making --- word choice (make/do , like/alike, not/no)
INVERSION --- V + S – seperti rumus kalimat tanya – dihafalkan rumus tenses kalimat tanya (aktif/passive/non verbal)
Tenses > Simple present/past/future, present/past perfect

1. Kalimatnya mengandung negative words – never/seldom/not only/hardly ever

Seldom ……. Such a beautiful music.
Seldom V + S
a. I heard
b. Heard I
c. Did I hear ---- seldom did I hear … jarang saya mendengarkan …
d. Does I hear
I seldom heard such a beautiful music.
Not only …… profit, but it also had to layoff workers
a. The company lost
b. Did the company loss
c. did the company lose
d. the company loss
the company not only lost profit, but it also had to layoff workers
2. ONLY + preposition (in/on/at/by/ etc)
Only in an emergency ……… this exit.
a. Should you use
b. You should use
You should use this exit only in an emergency.
3. ONLY + CONJ adverbial clause (when/after/before)
Only if you have a serious problem …………..Mr. Franklin at home.
a. should you call
b. you should call
4. SO + ADJECTIVE
So rare ………that it belongs in a museum
a. is this coin
b. this coin is
5. Preposition + noun/noun phrase (place)
Note: tidak boleh pakai V auxiliary
Off the coast of California…………...
a. The Channel Islands lie
b. lie the Channel Islands
c. did the Channel Islands lie
d. The Channel Islands lied
The Channel Islands lie off the coast of California.

TO + V1 (to infinitive) >> I want to buy many houses.

TO (preposition) >>> I adjust to living in Pare
Prepo diikuti noun/pronoun/noun phrase/gerund/noun clause