Comparative Study of HRD Practices in select Public and Private Sector Banks.

Chapter 4

Research Methodology

4.1 Research Methodology:

Research Methodology is a way to find out the result of a given problem

on a specific matter or problem that is also referred as research problem.
Methodology, is used by the researcher for solving/searching the given
research problem. It includes various steps like selection of problem,
literature review, research design, sample size, techniques of data
collection, techniques of data analysis and reporting.

This research is concerned with Problems faced by HR managers in banks

and also it deals with employees working in banks, basically to study their
contributions and there problems. Researcher will also study problems
faced by HR managers while implementing policies and give some
suggestions to overcome these problems, after collecting data.

Pilot study:

Pilot survey has been conducted to pretest the questionnaire. A sample of

80 employees each from public and private sector banks and 10 managers
each from public and private banks were selected. The collected
information for pilot study was satisfactory and the same questionnaire was
continued for final research.

4.2 Research design:

A research design as “a blueprint for conducting a study with maximum

control over factors that may interfere with the validity of the findings”.By
Burns and Grove (2003:195)

Researcher has planned all the research activities in such a way that it
focuses only on accomplishing research objectives. The current research
design is an arrangement of primary and secondary data. It also includes

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methods and procedures to conduct current study. Research design has the
helped researcher to give proper way for conducting research activities.

Fig: 4.2 Types of respondents:

Public Banks
Employees And
Private Banks

Types of
respondents
Public Banks
HR Managers And
Private Banks

Table no.4.2: Research design

Research design for conducting the research:

Sr. No. Employees HR managers

1 Size selected 200 40
2 Percentage 25% 20%
3 Questionnaires circulated 250 40
4 Questionnaires collected duly filled in 200 25
5 Questionnaire not returned 40 12
6 Invalid questionnaires 10 03
7 Valid questionnaires 200 25

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 Comparative Study of HRD Practices in select Public and Private Sector Banks.

4.3 Sample, sample design & sample size:

A sample is a part of the universe that can be used as a respondent to a Research

or for the purpose of experimentation, in order to collect relevant information to
solve a particular problem.

Sample Area (Ulhasnagar and Kalyan):

Ulhasnagar and Kalyan are in Thane District of Maharashtra. Ulhasnagar is a

city located on coast of the West India, approximately 60 kilometres, northeast
of the city of Mumbai, The name derives from the Ulhas river which flows
through it. Kalyan is situated near Ulhasnagar. Approximately area of
Ulhasnagar is 28 square kilometers.

Kalyan is a major railway station lying at the junction of the north-east and
south-east lines of the suburban Mumbai division of the Central Railway, 53 km
north-east of Mumbai. With its neighboring township of Dombivli, Kalyan
jointly forms the Kalyan-Dombivli Municipal Corporation, abbreviated as
KDMC. It is considered a part of the Greater Mumbai metropolitan.

Table no. 4.3: Sample size

Sample size: The following sample size is selected by the Researcher for her
Ph.D. Research:

Respondents
Sample
Total Sample
size
population size (%)
(number)
Employees of Private and Public 800 25% 200
banks 200 20% 40
HR Managers working in private and
public banks.

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 Comparative Study of HRD Practices in select Public and Private Sector Banks.

4.4 Justification of sample size:

Following sampling methods will be used for the Research:

 Random sampling method.

 Stratified sampling method.

The sample will be selected by random sampling method and Stratified

sampling method, as the population of the employees working in banks and HR
managers is infinite and to give equal chance of selection to each unit of sample.
The information will be collected from employees working in banks, and HR
managers working in banks. Sample size (given above) will be sufficient to get
the information required for the objective of the research.

4.5 Data collection:

Data will be collected from two sources:

1. Primary Sources:
Primary source gives original data, this is the first hand information collected
at the time of research. So it will give more accurate results of the research so
these sources will be used for the research. Primary data will be collected by
the researcher will intervening HR Managers and employees working in
banks. Primary Sources of data will be used due to following reasons:

As the data collected by primary researcher will be original, it will give

accurate results. Researcher will collect the data as per the objectives and also
the data collection will be a recent one.

2. Secondary Sources:
Secondary source include published or unpublished work done by others, this
helps in detailed understanding of the research problem and provides data for
future comparison. If there are some issues related to the study, then those
issues could be solved using these sources of data.

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Secondary Sources of data will be useful due to following reasons: It helps

the researcher to understand some problems and issues related to the area of
the study. Secondary data always give base to the study. It also saves time and
efforts of the researcher. It can be used as addition to primary data.

4.6 Sources and Methods of Data Collection:

Information for research will be collected through following Sources:

 Primary Data:
The primary data for research can be collected by using following sources of
data:

 Interview method
Researcher will collect the primary data by interviewing employees of
public and private banks. This method will be required when there is need
for face to face interaction, to the authenticity of questionnaire method.
This will bring out potential information from the respondent. Interviews
may be structured or non-structured interview. Interview will be conducted
from the different respondents from the area selected for research.
 Questionnaire method:
This method will give details of quantitative data, it will be more precise,
bulk data can be collected easily, it is saving and data can be easily
analyzed.
Two questionnaires will be prepared for:
 Employees working in banks.
 HR managers working in banks.
 Field visit and observation method:
The Researcher will personally visit the public and private sector banks
and will study their style of their functioning. Through visiting offices and
work places of employees, researcher can understand their working style.
If there are any pitfalls, they can be known easily and suggestions can be

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provided at the end for the same. Researcher will have a direct access to
work places of employees and HR managers. It will help in knowing the
accuracy of the other methods of research and it will also enhance the
quality of evidence.
 Secondary Data:

Secondary data required for research will be collected from following sources
such as: Various reference books, various journals of professional
bodies/organizations, various websites, government reports and reports of
professional organizations. This will help the researcher to get the background
study related to same topic.

4.7 Techniques of data analysis:

The processing, tabulation, psychoanalysis and understanding of data are done

with the help of SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) software
package. The following statistical tools and mathematical techniques have been
applied on the data collected from the respondents.

1. Correlation & Regression:

The correlation is one of the most common and useful statistics. A correlation
is a single number that describes the degree of relationship between two
variables. In this study researcher has used this technique to study the
relationship of two variables: a.HR policies and b. Employees performance.

2. Percentage method:
A percentage frequency distribution is a display of data that specifies the
percentage of observations that exist for each data point. It is particularly useful
method of expressing the relative frequency of survey responses and other data.
This technique is used to find out the percentage of how much employees agree
or disagree with their HR policies.

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3. Proportion method:
A proportion is a mathematical comparison between two numbers. Often these
numbers can represent a comparison between two things or people. In
proportional sampling researcher divides a finite population into
subpopulations and then applies random sampling techniques to each
subpopulation.

4. Mann-Whitney Test:
It is a non-parametric test that is used to compare two population means that
come from the same population, it is also used to test whether two population
means are equal or not. In this research, researcher has used this technique to
compare performance of employees in public sector banks and private sector
banks and also the influence of HR policies on employee’s performance in
public sector banks and private sector banks.

The statistical techniques will be used after collecting and organizing data as
per the need of the research.

4.8 Problems faced during data collection:

Researcher had faced following problems while collecting data:

 Unwillingness of respondents: Respondents were not willing to give answers

or participate, as filling questionnaire is time consuming and there could be
some information which they do not want to share.
 Biased answers: Respondents may not give correct information in hurry or
they do not want to share their information.
 HR managers may not have sufficient time for interviews or filling
questionnaire.
 Employees may not be able to give reliable information because of timings or
nature of service.

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4.9 Scheme of Chapterisation:

Chapter 1 Nature & Scope of study

Chapter 2 Review of literature
Chapter 3 An Overview on Banking sector
Chapter 4 Analysis & Interpretation of Data
Chapter 5 Finding, Recommendations and
Conclusions
Chapter 6 Schedule of Questionnaire
Bibliography

4.10 Limitations of study:

The following are the limitations of this research project:

The research is based upon the information collected through interviews,

questionnaires and observation method. The research is limited for the area of
Ulhasnagar and Kalyan. The research is limited only for the period of 2010-11
to 2014-15. Co-operative sector banks are not included in the scope of the study.
Foreign banks are also excluded from the scope of the study.

4.11 Conclusion:

This chapter provides blue print for writing Ph.D. thesis and for conducting
research work. This chapter consists of definition of problems, various concepts,
objectives of the study, data collection, and techniques of data analysis and
limitations of the study.

This chapter has helped the researcher in following ways:

It provided direction for the whole research work. It provided link between
theory and practical work. It has defined proper scope of the study.

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