12 SETS

06 Chapter 01
Matrices

LIFE PROCESSES
LIFE PROCESSES

Previous Year Questions

1. An organism which breaks down the food material OR

outside the body and then absorbs it is (b) (i) What is the internal energy reserve in plants and
(a) a plant parasite, Cuscuta animals ?
(b) an animal parasite, Tapeworm (ii) How desert plants perform photosynthesis if their
(c) a bacteria, Rhizobium stomata remain closed during the day ?
(d) a fungi, Rhizopus [CBSE 31-1-1 (2023)]
[CBSE 31-1-1 (2023)] 7. Sphincter muscles are present at the exit of :
2. Consider the following statements about small intestine (a) Stomach and small intestine
and select the one which is NOT correct : (b) Stomach and anus
(a) The length of the small intestine in animals differs as (c) Small intestine and large intestine
it depends on the type of food they eat. (d) Oesophagus and stomach
(b) The small intestine is the site of complete digestion [CBSE 31-2-1 (2023)]
of food. 8. In the following diagram, identify the cells through
(c) The small intestine receives secretions from liver and which massive amounts of gaseous exchange takes
pancreas. place for photosynthesis :
(d) The villi of the small intestine absorb water from the
unabsorbed food before it gets removed from the body
via the anus.
[CBSE 31-1-1 (2023)]
3. These consists of two statements - Assertion (A) and
Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting the
appropriate option given below :
Assertion (A) : Blood clotting prevents excessive loss of
blood.
Reason (R) : Blood clotting is due to blood plasma and
white blood cells present in the blood.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct (a) I (b) IV
explanation of (A). (c) III (d) II
(c) (A) is true, but (R) is false. [CBSE 31-2-1 (2023)]
(d) (A) is false, but (R) is true. 9. During vigorous exercise, the occurrence of cramps in
[CBSE 31-1-1 (2023)] the outer muscles of an athlete is due to the conversion
4. (a) Name the type of blood (oxygenated / deoxygenated) of pyruvate to :
transported by each of the following mentioning the (a) Glucose (b) Ethanol
path (i.e. from one organ (which place) to another (c) Lactic acid (d) Lactose
(which place)). [CBSE 31-2-1 (2023)]
(i) Vena cava 10. (a) Why is it important to prevent oxygenated and
(ii) Pulmonary artery deoxygenated blood from mixing in birds and mammals
OR ?
(b) With the help of a schematic flow chart, show the (b) Which animals can tolerate some mixing of the
breakdown of glucose in a cell to provide energy oxygenated and deoxygenated blood streams ? On what
(i) in the presence of oxygen factor does the body temperature of these animals
(ii) inlack of oxygen depend ?
[CBSE 31-1-1 (2023)] [CBSE 31-2-1 (2023)]
5. Name the part of the human excretory system where 11. (a) (i) What is the first step in the breakdown of glucose
nephrons are found. Write the structure and function of during aerobic and anaerobic respiration ? Where does
nephrons. it take place?
[CBSE 31-1-1 (2023)] (ii) ATP is called the energy currency of the cell. Why
6. (a) (i) State the role of ATP in cellular respiration. ?
(ii) What ensures sufficient exchange of gases in plants (iii) What is meant by “residual volume of air” in a
? breathing cycle ?
(iii) State the conditions on which the direction of OR
diffusion of gases in plant depend upon.

(b) Write in sequence the steps for experimental
verification of the fact that “sunlight is essential for
photosynthesis”.
[CBSE 31-2-1 (2023)]
12. Observe the following diagram and identify the process
and its significance from the following options :
(a) Evaporation : maintains water contents in leaf cells.
(b) Transpiration : creates a suction force which pulls
water inside the plant.
(c) Excretion : helps in excreting out waste water from
the plant.
(d) Translocation : helps in transporting materials from
one cell to another.
[CBSE 31-4-1 (2023)]
13. Opening and closing of stomata is due to :
(a) High pressure of gases inside the cells.
(b) Movement of water in and out of the guard cells.
(c) Stimulus of light in the guard cells.
(d) Diffusion of CO2 in and out of the guard cells.
[CBSE 31-4-1 (2023)]
14. These consists of two statements - Assertion (A) and
Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting the
appropriate option given below :
Assertion (A) : The inner walls of the small intestine
have finger like projections called villi which are rich in
blood.
Reason (R) : These villi have a large surface area to help
the small intestine in completing the digestion of food.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct
explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
[CBSE 31-4-1 (2023)]
15. Write one specific function each of the following organs
in relation with excretion in human beings
(i) Renal Artery
(ii) Urethra
(iii) Glomerulus
(iv) Tubular part of nephron
[CBSE 31-4-1 (2023)]
16. Two green plants are kept separately in oxygen free
containers, one in the dark and other in sunlight. It was
observed that plant kept in dark could not survive
longer. Give reason for this observation.
[CBSE 31-4-1 (2023)]
17. (A) (i) (i) How does Paramecium obtain its food ?
LIFE PROCESSES
(ii) List the role of each of the following in our digestive
system :
(a) Hydrochloric acid
(b) Trypsin
(c) Muscular walls of stomach
(d) Salivary amylase
OR
(B) (i) What is double circulation ?
(ii) Why is the separation of the right side and the left
side of the heart useful ? How does it help birds and
mammals ?
[CBSE 31-4-1 (2023)]
18. The process in which loss of water in the form of
vapours from the aerial parts of plants takes place is X,
which helps in Y. Here X and Y respectively are :
(a) transpiration and photosynthesis.
(b) transpiration and temperature regulation.
(c) translocation and movement of soluble products of
photosynthesis in phloem.
(d) translocation and absorption of water and minerals
from soil by roots.
[CBSE 31-5-1 (2023)]
19. As compared to terrestrial organisms, the rate of
breathing in aquatic organisms is :
(a) faster because they need more oxygen for their
survival.
(b) faster because the amount of dissolved oxygen in
water is fairly low.
(c) slower because the amount of dissolved oxygen in
water is fairly low.
(d) slower because the capacity of water of dissolving
atmospheric air is limited.
[CBSE 31-5-1 (2023)]
20. These consists of two statements - Assertion (A) and
Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting the
appropriate option given below :
Assertion (A) : The walls of atria are thicker than those
of the ventricles.
Reason (R): Ventricles have to pump blood into various
organs at high pressure.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct
explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
[CBSE 31-5-1 (2023)]
21. (a) List the events in proper sequence that take place
during the process of photosynthesis.
OR
(b) Explain in brief two ways by which leaves of a plant
help in excretion.
[CBSE 31-5-1 (2023)]
22. In the process of digestion of food in human beings, two
protein-digesting enzymes are secreted. Name the
enzymes along with the glands that secrete them.
[CBSE 31-5-1 (2023)]
LIFE PROCESSES
23. (a) With the help of an activity, explain the action of
saliva on the food we eat.
(b) Why is bile juice important in the process of
digestion ?
[CBSE 31-5-1 (2023)]
24. In the given diagram of a closed stomata : (1), (2), (3)
and (4) respectively are
26. Give the name of the enzyme present in the fluid in our
27. Explain the process of transport of oxygenated and
(a) nucleus, chloroplast, guard cell, vacuole
(b) nucleus, chloroplast, vacuole, guard cell
(c) chloroplast, nucleus, vacuole, guard cell
(d) vacuole, guard cell, nucleus, chloroplast
[CBSE 31-6-1 (2023)]
25. These consists of two statements - Assertion (A) and
Reason (R). Answer these questions selecting the
appropriate option given below :
Assertion (A) : Amoeba takes in food using finger like
extensions of the cell surface.
Reason (R) : In all unicellular organisms, the food is
taken in by the entire cell surface.
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct
explanation of (A).
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct
explanation of (A).
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
[CBSE 31-6-1 (2023)]
mouth cavity. State the gland which produces it. What
would happen to the digestion process if this gland stops
secreting this enzyme ?
[CBSE 31-6-1 (2023)]
deoxygenated blood in a human body.
[CBSE 31-6-1 (2023)]
 LIFE PROCESSES

Solutions
OR
(b) (i) Plants -Starch
1. (d) a fungi, Rhizopus Animals-Glycogen
2. (d) The villi of the small intestine absorb water from the (ii) Desert plants take up carbon dioxide at night and
unabsorbed food before it gets removed from the body prepare an intermediate compound which is acted upon
via the anus. by the energy absorbed by the chlorophyll during the
3. (c) (A) is true, but (R) is false. day.
4. (a) (i) Vena cava — deoxygenated blood from body to 7. (b) Stomach and anus
heart. 8. (b) IV
(ii) Pulmonary artery — deoxygenated blood from heart 9. (c) Lactic acid
to lungs. 10. (a) Birds and mammals have high energy needs to
OR maintain their body temperature. The separation of
(b) (i) oxygenated and deoxygenated blood allows a highly
Glucose efficient supply of oxygen to maintain their body
presence of temperature.
( ) in cytoplasm oxygen (b) • Amphibians / reptiles;
 → Pyruvate →
( in mitochondria ) • Temperature of the environment.
CO 2 + water + Energy 11. (a) (i) Glucose → Pyruvic acid /Pyruvate
(ii) In the cytoplasm
(ii) It is used as fuel for all activities in a cell / ATP is
Glucose broken down giving rise to a fixed amount of energy
( in cytoplasm )
lack of
oxygen
which drive endothermic reactions in the cell.
→ Pyruvate 
 → (iii) When air is taken in and let out, the lungs always
( in human
muscle cells ) contain a residual volume of air so that there is sufficient
Lactic acid + Energy time for the oxygen to be absorbed and for the carbon
dioxide to be released / volume of air present in lung
5. • Kidneys
after exhalation.
Structure: A cluster of thin-walled capillaries
OR
(glomerulus) associated with cup-shaped end of a tube
(b) (i) • A potted plant is taken and kept in dark for 24
called Bowman’s capsule. This further extends into a
hrs to destarch it.
tubular part which ends in collective ducts.
• Cover a part of a leaf of the plant with black paper to
prevent that area from getting sunlight.
• Keep the plant in sunlight for 24 hours.
• Pluck the leaf, remove the black paper, boil it in
alcohol and dip the leaf in iodine solution for starch test.
• The covered part showed no change in colour
indicating that starch has not been produced due to the
absence of sunlight.
• The rest of the leaf turned blue black proving that
starch is produced during photosynthesis and sunlight is
essential for that.
12. (b) Transpiration : creates a suction force which pulls
water inside the plant.
13. (b) Movement of water in and out of the guard cells.
• Function: 14. (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
Filtration of nitrogenous waste from blood to form 15. (i) Brings the blood containing nitrogenous waste into
urine. the kidney.
Reabsorption of useful materials from the filtrate. (ii) Removal of urine / passing out of urine
Osmoregulation. (Any one function) (iii) Filtration of blood
6. (a) (i) Energy currency for cellular processes / ATP (iv) Selective reabsorption of useful materials.
breaks down to give a fixed amount of energy which can 16. • The plant kept in dark is unable to carry out
drive the endothermic reactions taking place in the cell. photosynthesis and due to absence of oxygen it cannot
(ii) Stomata and surface of leaves, stems and roots. respire.
(iii) Environmental conditions
Requirements of the plant.
LIFE PROCESSES
• But the plant kept in light is able to photosynthesize
converting CO2 into oxygen which it can use for
respiration.
17. (A) (i) Food enters through a specific spot with the help
of movement of cilia.
(ii) (a) Creates an acidic medium which facilitates the
action of enzyme kills microorganisms ingested with the
food.
(b) Digestion of proteins
(c) Mixing the food thoroughly with digestive juices.
Pushes food forward by peristalsis.
(d) Conversion of starch into sugar.
OR
(B) (i) Blood goes through the heart twice during each
cycle.
(ii) To prevent oxygenated and deoxygenated blood
from mixing for efficient supply of oxygen to the body.
• It helps birds and mammals who have high energy
needs and constantly use energy to maintain their body
temperature.
18. (b) transpiration and temperature regulation
19. (b) faster because the amount of dissolved oxygen in
water is fairly low
20. (d) (A) is false but (R) is true.
21. (a) (i) Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll.
(ii) Conversion of light energy to chemical energy and
splitting of water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen.
(iii) Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates.
OR
(b) (i) Excess water is excreted by transpiration.
(ii) Oxygen as waste product of photosynthesis is
excreted through stomata.
(iii) Shedding of leaves.
22. Gastric gland – Pepsin
Pancreas - Trypsin
23. (a) • Take 1 ml 1% starch solution in two test tubes A
and B.
• Add 1 ml saliva in test tube A and leave both test tubes
undisturbed for 20 - 30 minutes. Now add a few drops
of iodine to both the test tubes.
• The colour of iodine does not change in the test tube A
as starch is converted to sugar by enzymes present in
saliva.
• The colour of iodine changes to blue-black in test tube
B because it contains only starch solution.
(b) (1) Bile changes the acidic medium of food to
alkaline medium so that the pancreatic enzymes can act
on it.
(2) It also emulsifies fats. / Breaks down the large fat
globules into smaller particles. (any one)
24. (b) nucleus, chloroplast, vacuole, guard cell
25. (c) (A) is true but (R) is false.
26. Salivary amylase / Ptyalin — Enzyme.
Salivary gland
The breakdown of starch into sugar will not take place.
27. • Oxygen rich blood from the lungs comes to the left
atrium of heart.
• It then contracts and the blood is transferred to left
ventricle.
• Left ventricle in turn contracts and the blood is pumped
out to the body.
• Deoxygenated blood from the body enters the right
atrium.
• On its contraction, blood enters into right ventricle
• Right ventricle pumps it to the lungs for oxygenation