EG207 Thermodynamics for Chemical Engineering

LABORATORY REPORT
EXPERIMENT 2: GAY-LUSSAC LAW EXPERIMENT

Mohammed Taher
Group No. 5
(Monday 01:00 pm – 02:00 pm)
ID: 1000922832

Ms. Ayu
Ms. Suhanna

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE & BUILD
ENVIRONMENT
20th of February 2012

1
 Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................3

OBJECTIVE..............................................................................................................3

PROCEDURES.........................................................................................................4

RESULTS & DISCUSSION.....................................................................................4

CALCULATION.......................................................................................................6

LIMITATION............................................................................................................6

CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................6

REFERENCE............................................................................................................6

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INTRODUCTION

The expression Gay-Lussac's law is used for each of the two relationships named after the
French chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac and which concern the properties of gases, though it is
more usually applied to his law of combining volumes, the first listed here. One law relates to
volumes before and after a chemical reaction while the other concerns the pressure and
temperature relationship for a sample of gas.

The law of combining volumes states that, when gases react together to form other gases, and all
volumes are measured at the same temperature and pressure:
The ratio between the volumes of the reactant gases and the products can be expressed in simple
whole numbers.
Gay-Lussac's name is also associated — erroneously — with another gas law, the so-called
pressure law, which states that:
The pressure of a gas of fixed mass and fixed volume is directly proportional to the gas's
absolute temperature.

Amontons's Law of Pressure-Temperature: The pressure law described above should actually be
attributed to Guillaume Amontons, who, in the late 17th century (more accurately between 1700
and 1702), discovered that the pressure of a fixed mass of gas kept at a constant volume is
proportional to the temperature. Amontons discovered this while building an "air thermometer".
Calling it Gay-Lussac's law is simply incorrect as Gay-Lussac investigated the relationship
between volume and temperature (i.e. Charles's Law), not pressure and temperature.

Gay-Lussac's law was also known as the Law of Charles and Gay-Lussac, because Gay-Lussac
published it in 1802 using much of Charles's unpublished data from 1787. However, in recent
years the term has fallen out of favour, and Gay-Lussac's name is now generally associated with
the law of combining volumes. Amontons's Law, Charles's Law, and Boyle's law form the
combined gas law. The three gas laws in combination with Avogadro's Law can be generalized
by the ideal gas law.

OBJECTIVE

To determine the relationship between pressure and temperature of an ideal gas.

3
PROCEDURES

1. All valves were fully closed before the experiment.

2. The hose from compressive pump to pressurized chamber was connected.
3. The compressive pump was Switch on and the temperature for every increment of 10kPa
in the chamber was recorded. The pump when the pressure PT 1 reaches about 160kPa
was stopped.
4. Then, valve V 01 was slightly opened and allowed the pressurized air to flow out. The
temperature reading for every decrement of 10kPa was recorded.
5. The pressure was stopped when the experiment reached atmospheric pressure.
6. The experiment was repeated for three times to get the average value.
7. Graph of pressure versus temperature will be plotted using Microsoft Excel in the rustles
section.

RESULTS & DISCUSSION

Using only one chamber
P1 P2
=
T1 T2
First Trail
T (◦C) T (◦C) Mean Value
P (KPa)
Increasing Decreasing (A)
110 23.5 22.6 23.05
120 23.7 23.1 23.4
130 24.1 23.7 23.9
140 24.9 24.2 24.55
150 26 24.3 25.15
160 26.9 24.4 25.65

Second Trail
T (◦C) T (◦C) Mean Value
P (KPa)
Increasing Decreasing (B)
110 24.8 22.7 23.75
120 24.6 23.6 24.1
130 24.6 22.9 23.75
140 25.1 24.7 24.9
150 25.9 25.1 25.5
160 26.7 25.4 26.05

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Third Trail
T (◦C) T (◦C) Mean Value
P (KPa)
Decreasing Decreasing (C)
110 22.9 22.9 22.9
120 23.1 24.8 23.95
130 23.7 25.4 24.55
140 24.8 25.7 25.25
150 25.7 25.9 25.8
160 26.7 26 26.35

Temperature and its mean value:

Mean Value Mean Value Mean Value Mean Value
(A) (B) (C) A+B+C
23.05 23.75 22.9 23.23333
23.4 24.1 23.95 23.81667
23.9 23.75 24.55 24.06667
24.55 24.9 25.25 24.9
25.15 25.5 25.8 25.48333
25.65 26.05 26.35 26.01667

180

160

140

120

100
P(KPa)

80

60

40

20

0
23.00 23.50 24.00 24.50 25.00 25.50 26.00 26.50

Mean Value of Temperature

A graph shows the relationship between the pressure and the temperature for the three trails.

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CALCULATION

P 1 P 2 110 160
= = T 2=33.784.735=4.736
T 1 T 2 23.23 T 2

LIMITATION

This experiment was held in a closed room which the temperature is not equal to 25 degree
Celsius, and that cause to a fast drop in temperature.

CONCLUSION

To conclude, Gay Lussac’s Law can be defined as at constant volume, the pressure of a fixed
amount of gas is directly proportional to temperature.

REFERENCE

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gay-Lussac's_law 22/02/2012

http://chemistry.forumotion.com/t734-introduction-about-gay-lussac-s-law 22/02/2012

http://groups.molbiosci.northwestern.edu/holmgren/Glossary/Definitions/Def-G/Gay-
Lussac's_Law.html 22/02/2012