A

REPORT ON
“BOTANICAL FIELD STUDY TOUR”

AT
HORTICULTURE AND SERICULTURE DEPT.
BIDYANAGAR (MAHEIKHULEN), JIRIBAM
Submitted to :
The Department of Botany, Jiri College
In Partial Fulfillment of B.Sc. 1st Semester
Practical Examination 2023-24

Submitted by :
Name : ______________________________________
Roll No. : _____________________________________
Regd. No. ____________________________________

DEPARTMENT OF BOTANY
JIRI COLLEGE, JIRIBAM, MANIPUR
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that __________________________________

is a student of B.Sc. 1st Semester in Botany for the session of
2023-24 under Manipur University, Roll No.: _____ Regd. No.-
_________________ has duly participated in the field study
tour at Vidyanagar on 0 /11/2023 conducted by Department
of Botany, Jiri College, Kadamtala, Jiribam, Manipur.
He/She is a bonafide student of this college and has
completed his/her laboratory work with satisfaction.

Dated__________ Signature of Head of Department

Place___________ (Elangbam Ganga Devi)
Assistant Professor
Department of Botany
Jiri College
Jiribam, Manipur
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to the privileged to disclose my sense of

gratefulness and love to our teachers, for their help in
completing the field report which is being submitted in
partial fulfillment of the requirement for the B.Sc. 1st
Semester Examination 2023-24 in Botany subject under
Manipur University.

I particularly would like to thank our Head of

Department, Elangbam Ganga Devi for guidance and
extend our gratitude to ________________ and
________________ teacher in charge, Jiri College for
the good guidance and kindness up to the end of
preparation of this study report.

Name : ___________________________
Roll No.: __________________________
Date __________ Jiri College, Jiribam
 CONTENT

Sl. No. Particulars Page

1 Introduction
2 Accessories for study tour
3 Topography of the study site
4 Summary of the trip
5 VERMICOMPOST
6 Conclusion
 INTRODUCTION

Study tour is an essential program for students and

specially botany subject, it gives more ideas and knowledge
about the biotic communities in different environment and
physical variation,
Study tour is not only the collected specimen, it also gives
us the knowledge of various plant species of the particular
areas. Man has commercially exploited the flora since some
immemorial even though man is the product of environment
like other organisms and man is the sole responsible for the
devastation and environment in many ways.
The consequence is the result of tremendous
advancement in the field of Science & Technology as well as
urbanization and industrialization.
Besides, the aim of study tour is to enhance the student’s
practical skills in the field work and to know the quality on the
spot which is shown in the books.
 ACCESSORIES OF FIELD STUDY

The following materials which are required during the field

study

1. Note Books

2. Pen and Pencil

3. Old newspapers and magazines

4. Polythene bags of different sizes

5. Knife

6. Scissors
 TOPOGRAPHY OF THE SITE

Jiribam district is a district situated at the western corner

of Manipur. It lies at 24°48’0.00” N Latitudes and 93°07’12.00”
E Longitudes and covers an area of 232 square kilometers with
a total population of 43,838 as per Census Report 2011. It is
220 kilometers far away from Imphal, the capital of Manipur.
The geographical boundaries of Jiribam district are Tousem
sub-division of Tamenglong district and Tipaimukh sub-division
of Churachandpur district on the East, Cachar district of Assam
and Barak River on the West, again Cachar district of Assam and
Jiri River on the North and Tipaimukh sub-division of
Churachanpur district and Barak River on the South. Jiri River
and Barak River demarcate the boundary between Jiribam and
Cachar district of Assam on the northern side and some parts
of western side up to Jirimukh, the confluence point of Jiri and
Barak Rivers. NH-37 which passes through Jiribam district,
connects Silchar of Cachar district in Assam and Imphal city in
Manipur. Jiribam is inhabited by various communities. Due to
the lack of higher education, appropriate skills, training and
knowledge, most of the people of Jiribam are still dependent
on agriculture, horticulture, small business and other earning
activities. A very limited number of the people of Jiribam are
employed in higher ranks of government (and even in non-
government agencies) departments. Poverty, low rate of
literacy and unemployment are major social issues in Jiribam.
 SUMMARY OF THE TRIP
The botanical field study tour was conducted on
Wednesday 1st November 2023 with under the guidance of
Head of Department and faculty members of Botany
Department, Jiri College, Jiribam.
Our team left the college at 10: 30 am and reached
Bidyanagar at 11 : 00 am.
We started our field study with faculty members at
Bidyanagar. According to different kind species belonging to
different families are collected around 1 hour at the spot where
we collected some of the species found there. Such type of
study tour has enhanced our knowledge especially field study
techniques and many more we are really happy for the journey
with our faculty members and non-teaching staffs who
cooperate us ultimately and are dispersed as usual.
We returned at the same day and reached home at
01: 00 pm.
 VERMICOMPOST
Vermicompost is nothing but the excreta of earthworms which is
rich in humus. We can rear artificially in a brick tank or near the
stem or trunk of trees (specially horticulture trees). By feeding
these earthworms with bio-mass and watering property the food
(bio-mass) of earthworms, we can produce the required
quantities of Vermicompost.
Advantage of Vermicompost
➢ Vermicompost is rich in all essential plant nutrients.
➢ Provides excellent effect on overall plant growth,
encourages the growth of new shoots/leaves and improves
the quality and self life of the produce.
➢ Vermicompost is free flowing, easy to apply, handle and
store and does not have bad odour.
➢ If improves soil structure, texture, aeration, water holding
capacity & prevent soil erosion.
➢ Vermicompost is rich in beneficial micro-flora such N-fixers,
P solubilizers, cellulose decomposing micro-flora, etc.
➢ Vermicompost contains earthworm cocoons and increases
the population and activity of earthworm in the soil.
➢ It neutralizes the Soil PH.
➢ It prevents nutrient losses and increases the use efficiency
of chemical fertilizers.
➢ Vermicompost is free from pathogens, toxic elements,
weed seeds, etc.
➢ Vermicompost minimizes the incidence of pest and
diseases.
➢ Vermicompost enhances the decomposition of organic
matter in soil.
➢ Vermicompost contains valuable vitamins, enzymes and
hormones like auxins, gibberellins etc.
NUTRIENT CONTENT OF VERMICOMPOST
Nitrogen : 1.5 - 2.5%
Phosphorus : 0.9 - 1.7%
Potash : 1.5 - 2.4%
Calcium : 0.5 - 1.0%
Magnesium : 0.2 - 0.3%
Sulphur : 0.4 - 0.5%
And other micro-nutrients with vitamins, enzymes and
hormones.

MATERIALS FOR PREPARATION OF VERMICOMPOST

Any types of Bio-degradable wastes –
❑ Crop residues
❑ weed bio-mass
❑ Vegetable waste
❑ Leaf litter
❑ Hotel refuse
❑ Wastes from Agro-Industries
Bio-degradable portion of urban and rural wastes.
Method of preparation:
➢ Take one big bucket and one mug.
➢ Set up one stopcock on the lower most part of the
bucket.
➢ Put a layer of broken brick pieces of stones having
thickness of 10-15 cm in the bucket.
➢ Over this layer put another layer of sand having
thickness of10-15 cm.

➢ Then put another layer of soil having 2-3 cm

thickness.
➢ Now open the stop cock of the bucket and water the
materials taken in the bucket.
➢ Then put 100-200 nos. of earthworms in the bucket.
➢ After that, a layer of paddy straw having 6 cm
thickness is given.

➢ Now open the stopcock of the bucket and spray

water regularly for a period of 7-8 days.

➢ After 10 days the liquid Vermiwash will be produced

in the bucket.

➢ Hang one pot with a bottom hole over the bucket in

such a way so that water falls drop by drop.

➢ Every day 4-5 litres of water is to be poured in the

hanging pot.
➢ Keep another pot below the stopcock to collect the
Vermiwash. Everyday 3-4 litres of liquid
Vermiwash can be collected.

APPLICATION

➢Mix 1 litre of vermiwash with 7-10 litres of water

and spray the solution in the leaf (upper and lower
side) in the evening at the growing stage of the
crop.
➢Mix 1 litre of vermiwash with 1 litre of cow urine
and then add 10 litres of water to the vermiurine
solution and mix thoroughly and keep it over night
before spraying. 50 to 60 litres of such solution
are to be sprayed in one bigha of land to control
various crop diseases.

VERMIWASH-A PLANT GROWTH REGULATOR

Vermiwash is a liquid plant growth regulator
which contains high amount of enzymes,
vitamins and hormones like auxins, gibberellins
etc. along with macro and micro-nutrients. Then
put a layer partially decomposed cow dung
having 30-45 cm thickness over it.
 CONCLUSION
The study site is moderately cold and warm, and the
climate of the region is humid tropical characterized by short
winter.
Therefore, the study site and its adjoin area have diverse
form of life since it is a part of Manipur.
After the completion of the study tour, we had a lot of
knowledge about the habited on this particular area. It also
increases the ideas, how to study its surroundings.
Study tour is very much useful in fulfillment of B.Sc. 1ST
Semester Course.