*P7*

PLEASE USE BLOCK CAPITALS WHEN COMPLETING THE INFORMATION BELOW

Student ID:
STUDENT

First name:

Last name:

Email:

Pre-Leaving Certificate Examination, 2024

Mathematics
Higher Level For examiner

G Paper 2 Question Mark

2 hours 30 minutes 1

2
300 marks
3

5
G
6

8
Scan the QR code to go to the marking
9
scheme and the video solutions for
TTC Pre 2024 Paper 2. 10

Total

Grade
Instructions

There are two sections in this examination paper.

Section A Concepts and Skills 150 marks 6 questions

Section B Contexts and Applications 150 marks 4 questions

Answer questions as follows:

• any five questions from Section A – Concepts and Skills
• any three questions from Section B – Contexts and Applications

Write your answers in blue or black pen. You may use pencil in graphs and diagrams only.
Anything that you write outside of the answer areas may not be seen by the examiner.
Write all answers into this booklet. There is space for extra work at the back of the booklet.
If you need to use it, label any extra work clearly with the question number and part.
The superintendent may give you a copy of the Formulae and Tables booklet. You must return it at
the end of the examination.
In general, diagrams are not to scale.
You will lose marks if your solutions do not include relevant supporting work.
You may lose marks if the appropriate units of measurement are not included, where relevant.
You may lose marks if your answers are not given in simplest form, where relevant.

Write the make and model of your calculator(s) here:

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 2

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
Section A Concepts and Skills 150 marks

Answer any five questions from this section.

Question 1 (30 marks)
3 1
For events A and B from a sample space, 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴|𝐵𝐵) = and 𝑃𝑃(𝐵𝐵) = .
4 3
(a) Calculate 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴 ∩ 𝐵𝐵).

(b) Calculate 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴′ ∩ 𝐵𝐵), where 𝐴𝐴′ denotes the complement of A.

(c) If events A and B are independent, calculate 𝑃𝑃(𝐴𝐴 ∪ 𝐵𝐵).

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 3

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
Question 2 (30 marks)

(a) The line 3𝑥𝑥 + 4𝑦𝑦 − 7 = 0 is perpendicular to the line 𝑎𝑎𝑎𝑎 − 6𝑦𝑦 − 1 = 0.
Find the value of a.

(b) (i) The line 4𝑥𝑥 − 5𝑦𝑦 + 𝑘𝑘 = 0 cuts the 𝑥𝑥-axis at 𝑃𝑃 and the 𝑦𝑦-axis at 𝑄𝑄.
Write down the co-ordinates of 𝑃𝑃 and 𝑄𝑄 in terms of 𝑘𝑘.

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 4

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
 (ii) The area of the triangle 𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂 is 10 square units, where O is the origin.
Find the two possible values of 𝑘𝑘.

(c) The line 𝑙𝑙 has equation 5𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑦 + 10 = 0 and the point K is (6, 2).
Show that the perpendicular distance from K to 𝑙𝑙 is √34.

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 5

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
Question 3 (30 marks)

Gráinne wanted to see if there was a relationship between outside temperature and the time taken
to dry her laundry. The following data was collected over a 10 day period.

50

40
Time (minutes)

30

20

10

15 20 25 30 35 40 45
Temperature (°C)

(a) Complete the table by locating the data in the graph.

Temperature (°C) 28 35 42 31 24 21 21 35 32 28

Time (minutes) 29 20 15 27 34 38 35 18

(b) Draw the line of best fit onto the graph above.
(c) Determine the equation of the line of best fit.

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 6

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
(d) State the correlation coefficient, correct to 3 decimal places, and describe the association
between the two variables in terms of direction and strength.

(e) The temperature on Day 11 is predicted to be 17°C. Use the equation for the line of best fit
from part (c) to predict the time Gráinne should expect her laundry to dry on this day.
Is this prediction reliable? Justify your answer.

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 7

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
Question 4 (30 marks)

𝑐𝑐1 : 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑦 2 − 6𝑥𝑥 − 4𝑦𝑦 + 12 = 0 and 𝑐𝑐2 : 𝑥𝑥 2 + 𝑦𝑦 2 + 10𝑥𝑥 + 4𝑦𝑦 + 20 = 0 are two circles.
(a) Find the coordinates of their centres, 𝑃𝑃 and 𝑄𝑄, and the lengths of their radii 𝑟𝑟1 and 𝑟𝑟2 ,
respectively.

(b) Verify that the lines 𝑙𝑙: 𝑦𝑦 − 1 = 0 and 𝑚𝑚: 4𝑥𝑥 − 3𝑦𝑦 − 1 = 0 are tangents to the circle 𝑐𝑐1 .

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 8

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
(c) The point 𝑀𝑀 is the intersection of the two lines 𝑙𝑙 and 𝑚𝑚. Given that 𝑀𝑀 is on the line [𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃],
show that
|𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃| ∶ |𝑀𝑀𝑀𝑀| = 𝑟𝑟1 ∶ 𝑟𝑟2

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 9

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
Question 5 (30 marks)
1 − tan𝐴𝐴 cos2𝐴𝐴
(a) Given that tan(45° − 𝐴𝐴) = , show that tan(45° − 𝐴𝐴) = .
1 + tan𝐴𝐴 1 + sin2A

(b) The diagram shows a square 𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴 of sides 8 cm. On

the side 𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷 is an arc of the circle whose centre is 𝑂𝑂,
the midpoint of [𝐴𝐴𝐴𝐴]. 𝐷𝐷 𝐶𝐶
(i) Show that |𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷| = 4√5 cm.

8 cm

𝐴𝐴 𝐵𝐵
O

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 10

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
(b) (ii) Calculate angle|∠𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷𝐷|. Give your answer in degrees, correct to 2 decimal places.

(iii) Calculate the area of the shaded segment.

Give your answer correct to 1 decimal place.

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 11

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
Question 6 (30 marks)
The diagram below shows a point, 𝑇𝑇, on a circle. The circle has radius 2 and centre C (2, 0).
The angle 𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸𝐸 is 𝜃𝜃, where 0 < 𝜃𝜃 ≤ 90°
y

𝐵𝐵(2, 𝑏𝑏)

T
𝐷𝐷(4, 𝑑𝑑)

𝜃𝜃 𝑥𝑥
O 𝐶𝐶(2, 0) 𝐸𝐸(4, 0) X

(a) The diagram also shows the tangent to the circle at T. This tangent is perpendicular to CT and
intersects the 𝑥𝑥-axis at point 𝑋𝑋 and the 𝑦𝑦-axis at point 𝑌𝑌.
Show that T can be written as (2 + 2cos𝜃𝜃, 2sin𝜃𝜃).

(b) Find the gradient of the tangent to the circle at T in terms of 𝜃𝜃.

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 12

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
(c) Show that the equation of the tangent to the circle at T can be expressed as
𝑥𝑥cos 𝜃𝜃 + 𝑦𝑦sin 𝜃𝜃 = 2 + 2cos 𝜃𝜃.

(d) Point B, with coordinates (2, 𝑏𝑏), and point D, with coordinates (4, 𝑑𝑑), are on the line segment
XY. Find 𝑏𝑏 and 𝑑𝑑, in terms of 𝜃𝜃.

𝑏𝑏 = 𝑑𝑑 =

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 13

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
 Section B Contexts and Applications 150 marks

Answer any three questions from this section.

Question 7 (50 marks)

The speeds of cars travelling on a section of motorway have been found to be

normally distributed with a mean of 95 km/h and a standard deviation of 3 km/h.

(a) Calculate the percentage of cars expected to have a speed between 89 km/h
and 98 km/h.

(b) A traffic analyst estimates that 20% of cars travel too fast on this section of the motorway.
Calculate the slowest speed that would be considered too fast by the analyst.

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 14

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
The speed limit on this section of the motorway is 100 km/h. A speed camera has been installed.
(c) (i) What percentage of cars would be expected to be exceeding the speed limit?

(ii) If 15 340 cars have passed the camera, how many cars would be expected to have
been exceeding the speed limit?

(d) Tick one box below to complete the following statement.

The estimation made by the traffic analyst in part (b) was:

realistic unrealistic

Justify your selection using answers from part (b) and/or part (c).

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 15

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
(e) Which curve on the graph below best represents the distribution of speeds of cars on this
section of the motorway? Tick the appropriate box to indicate your answer.

A B C D E F

E C

F B D

70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 110

Speed (km/h)

(f) Which curve on the graph above best represents the distribution of the speeds of
Heavy Goods Vehicles on this section of the motorway?
Tick the appropriate box to indicate your answer.

A B C D E F

(g) From the curves on the graph above:

(i) identify any two distributions with the same mean.

(ii) identify any two distributions with the same standard deviation.

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 16

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
Question 8 (50 marks)

(a) An egg timer is in the shape of two identical cylinders and two identical 12 mm
hemispheres, as shown in the diagram.
The diameter of the cylinder is 12 mm and the height of the egg
timer is 52 mm.
(i) Find the volume of the egg timer, in terms of 𝜋𝜋.

52 mm

The volume of sand in the egg timer is one quarter of the volume of the egg timer.
(ii) When all the sand has drained into the base of the egg timer, calculate the height of the
sand in the egg timer.

12𝜋𝜋
(iii) If the sand flows from one chamber to the other at a rate of mm3 per second,
5
calculate the length of time, in minutes, for the sand to travel from one chamber to the
other.

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 17

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
(b) The slant height of a right circular solid cone is 10 cm is shown.
(i) Express 𝑟𝑟 in terms of ℎ.

10 cm
ℎ

𝑟𝑟

(ii) Find the maximum volume of the cone, in terms of 𝜋𝜋.

(iii) Given the cone is at its maximum volume, find the total surface area, in square cm,
correct to 2 decimal places.

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 18

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
Question 9 (50 marks)
Saoirse visits a giant Ferris wheel. She enters a capsule on the Ferris wheel from a platform above the
ground. The Ferris wheel is rotating anticlockwise and the capsule is attached to the Ferris
wheel at a point P. The height of P above the ground, ℎ, is modelled by
𝜋𝜋
ℎ(𝑡𝑡) = 65 − 55cos � 𝑡𝑡�
15
𝜋𝜋
where 𝑡𝑡 is the time in minutes after Saoirse enters the capsule, ℎ is measured in metres and � 𝑡𝑡�
15
is expressed in radians. Saoirse exits the capsule after one complete rotation of the Ferris wheel.

𝑃𝑃

Capsule

Platform

(a) State the minimum and maximum heights of P above the ground.

(b) How long is Saoirse in the capsule?

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 19

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
(c) (i) Complete the table below to show the height of the capsule above ground level, for
the time period shown.
𝜋𝜋
ℎ(𝑡𝑡) = 65 − 55cos � 𝑡𝑡�
15
Time (min) 0 7·5 15 22·5 30
Height of capsule (m)

(ii) Draw the graph to show the height of the centre of a capsule above ground level.

150
Height (metres)

100

50

7·5 15 22·5 30
Time (minutes)

(d) Find the rate of change of ℎ with respect to 𝑡𝑡.

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 20

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
As the Ferris wheel rotates, a stationary boat at 𝐵𝐵, on a nearby river, first becomes visible at point 𝑃𝑃1 .
B is 500 m horizontally from the vertical axis through the centre C of the Ferris wheel and angle
𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶 = 𝜃𝜃, as shown below.
𝑦𝑦

𝐵𝐵 𝑥𝑥
500 m

(e) Find 𝜃𝜃 in degrees, correct to 2 decimal places.

𝑦𝑦

13·67° 𝐵𝐵 𝑥𝑥
500 m

(f) As the Ferris wheel continues to rotate, the boat at B is no longer visible from the point 𝑃𝑃2
onwards. The line through B and 𝑃𝑃2 is a tangent to the path of P, where |∠𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑂𝑃𝑃2 | = 13·67°.
Find the length of time, to the nearest minute, during which the boat at B is visible.

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 21

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
Question 10 (50 marks)

(a) A school has a class set of 22 new laptops kept in a

recharging trolley. Provided each laptop is correctly
plugged into the trolley after use, its battery recharges.
On a particular day, a class of 22 students uses the laptops.
All laptop batteries are fully charged at the start of the
lesson. Each student uses and returns exactly one laptop.
The probability that a student does not correctly plug their
laptop into the trolley at the end of the lesson is 10%. The
correctness of any student’s plugging-in is independent of
any other student’s correctness.
(i) Determine the probability that at least one of the laptops is not correctly plugged into
the trolley at the end of the lesson.
Give your answer correct to four decimal places.

(ii) Find the probability that fewer than five laptops are not correctly plugged in.
Give your answer correct to 4 decimal places.

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 22

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
 (iii) The time for which a laptop will work without recharging (the battery life) is normally
distributed, with a mean of three hours and 5 minutes and standard deviation of six
minutes. Suppose that the laptops remain out of the recharging trolley for three hours.
For any one laptop, find the probability that it will stop working by the end of these
three hours. Give your answer correct to four decimal places.

(iv) It is known that when laptops have been used regularly in a school for six months, their
battery life is still normally distributed but the mean battery life drops to three hours.
It is also known that only 12% of such laptops work for more than three hours and 5
minutes.
Find the standard deviation for the normal distribution that applies to the battery life
of laptops that have been used regularly in a school for six months.
Give your answer correct to four decimal places.

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 23

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
(b) The leading digit of a number is defined as the left-most non-zero digit. In the numbers given
below, for example, 4 is the leading digit.
483 47·2 0·004916
Let 𝑋𝑋 represent the leading digit of a naturally occurring number. Benford’s law states that
the leading digits in large sets of naturally occurring numbers are distributed as follows:

x 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
𝑃𝑃(𝑋𝑋 = 𝑥𝑥 ) 0·301 0·176 0·125 0·097 0·079 0·067 0·058 0·051 0·046

(i) What property of the values in the table means that X is not uniformly distributed?

(ii) Determine the probability of randomly selec�ng a naturally occurring number with a
leading digit of 6 or greater.

(iii) Identify which of the following provides a correct calculation of the expected value
to find the mean of the leading digit of a naturally occurring number, µ X . Tick the
appropriate box.

𝜇𝜇𝑥𝑥 =12(0·301) +22(0·176) + 32(0·125) +42 (0·097) + 52(0·079) + 62(0·067) +

72(0·058) + 82(0·051) + 92(0·046)

𝜇𝜇𝑥𝑥 =1(0·301) +2(0·176) + 3(0·125) +4 (0·097) + 5(0·079) + 6(0·067) + 7(0·058) +

8 (0·051) + 9 (0·046)

0·301 + 0·176 + 0·125 + 0·097 + 0·079 + 0·067 + 0·058 + 0·051+0·046

𝜇𝜇𝑥𝑥 =
9

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 24

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
 Benford’s law can be used to detect fraudulent financial records. Further investigation of a
company’s financial records is undertaken if a calculated 95% confidence interval supports the
claim that the mean of the leading digit of the financial records is greater than 3·441.
Consider a random sample of 250 numbers from a company’s records. The mean of the
leading digit in this sample is 3·816.
(iv) Calculate a 95% confidence interval for the mean of the leading digit of the
company’s financial records, using the random sample described above.
Assume that the standard deviation is 2·462.

(v) Does this 95% confidence interval suggest that further investigation should be
undertaken? Conduct a hypothesis test to justify your answer.

Null Hypothesis:

Alternative Hypothesis:

Conclusion:

Pre-Leaving Certificate 2024 25

Mathematics, Paper 2 – Higher Level
 LEAVING CERTIFICATE AND JUNIOR CYCLE GRINDS

The Leaders in Online

Grinds and Learning
Choose the Tuition Centre for:
• Weekly Online Grinds
• On-demand Learning
• One-to-one Tutoring
• Christmas Revision
• Easter Revision REGISTER TODAY
www.thetuitioncentre.ie
• Last-minute Revision Courses

Leaving Certificate Grinds Junior Cycle Grinds Pre-Recorded Grinds One-to-One Grinds

Subjects
Leaving Certificate Live & Recorded Grinds

Accounting HL Ag. Science HL Applied Maths HL Biology HL

Chemistry HL Economics English HL French HL

Expert Advice

German HL Geography HL History Irish HL

Maths HL Maths OL Physics HL Spanish HL

Exam-focused Grinds

Junior Cycle Easy Payment Options

Maths HL Irish HL

Now incorporating The Maths Tutor LEADERS IN

(www.themathstutor.ie) MATHS SUPPORT.

Contact Us www.thetuitioncentre.ie admin@thetuitioncentre.ie