Karma Sutra - Karma Ke Siddhanto ki

Vivechana Hingori
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deZ lww=
deZ ds fl¼karksa dh foospuk
KARMA SUTRA
by Hingori
Ist Edition
Published in 2017 by
Pali Hills Tourist Hotel Pvt. Ltd. (Le Sutra)
Email: hingori@hingorisutras.com
Website: hingorisutras.com
Illustration, Design, Editing by : Team Hingori Sutras

Printed in India

Marketed & Distributed by

A Division of
Bennett, Coleman & Co. Ltd.
www.toibooks.com

All Rights Reserved

The content of this book may not be reproduced, stored
or copied in any form; printed (electronic, photocopied
or otherwise) except for excerpts used in review,
without the written permission of the publisher.

Disclaimer
The views and opinions expressed in the book are the
authors’ own and the facts are as reported by them,
which have been verified to the extent possible, and
the publisher is not in any way liable for the same.

ISBN : 978-93-5254-347-2
SURESH PRABHU MINISTER OF RAILWAYS
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
NEW DELHI

“ In a world where humanity plays

Sutras invoke fresh perspectives and

provide a barometer to gauge one’s

best thing about such books which

constantly churn the mind is that they

insight from the Hingori Sutras that I

try to imbibe in my everyday life is to

that in service to others lies my

evolution as a human being.”

(Suresh Prabhu)
 vuqØef.kdk
15

ys[kdh;
deZ lw=
deZ;ksx dk lkdkj
izLrkouk 16 deZ dh ifjHkk"kk
18 deks± ds izdkj
25 ek;kpØ
33 xq#
 41 59

deZ ls ljksdkj udkjkRed deZ

43 ekrk&firk ds çfr dtZ 59 nwljksa dh vkykspuk djuk
45 iaprÙoksa ds çfr 61 Ny&diV
47 xk; ds çfr gekjk ½.k ;k /kks[kk/kM+h ds dk;Z
63 vkijkf/kd dk;Z
49 ouLifr txr ds çfr tks nwljksa dks
51 çkf.k&txr ds çfr ½.k gkfu igqapkrs gSA
53 f'k{kdksa ,oa thou esa fn'kk 65 ekufld ihM+k
fn[kkus okyksa ds çfr ,oa ;kruk
67 vPNs deks± dk
55 usdh ds dk;Z Hkqxrku izkIr djuk
57 vkfrF; Lohdkj djuk
 69 96

ldkjkRed deZ deks± dks larqfyr djus

ds fl¼kar
69 dkfeZd ykHk
dSls izkIr gksrk gS 96 isphnfx;ka
71 gfj;kyh c<+kus ds dk;Z 99 vkRek ftlus bykt
73 fofo/k izkf.k;ksa dks ykHk esa lkFk fn;k
75 ,glku 103 drkZ ds izHkko
77 yksxksa dks f'kf{kr djuk dks de djus dk
79 mipkj vklku rjhdk
81 iwoZtksa ds midkj 109 ewY;kadu ds ekinaM
83 fir` ihM+k 109 vPNs deks±
87 vkykspuk ds izfr dk ewY;kadu
fuf"Ø;rk 110 ldkjkRed deks±
89 vkè;kfRed mipkj dk ewY;kadu
vkSj enn djuk 112 udkjkRed deks±
91 usd vkSj U;k; dk ewY;kadu
ijk;.k gksuk
93 nwljksa ds lkFk
lekuqHkwfr gksuk
95 fouezrk
 115 142

euu ej.kksijkar
fparu thou dk pØ
118 deks± ds izfr 143 Dys'kksa dk feJ.k
gekjk utfj;k 143 okluk
121 riL;k 144 lEldkj
123 Dys'k 145 dkj.k 'kjhj
131 dks'k 146 eSa d:axk
135 xq.k vkSj vkidks
Hkh djuk pkfg,
157 vuqxzg
159 'kCndks'k
 ys[kdh;
eq>s esjh mEehn] vk'kkvksa vkSj vkdka{kkvksa ls ijs] HkkX; ls tks
vkè;kfRed vk'khokZn feyrk gS_ og vkSfpR; ls ijs gks ldrk gSA
ijarq eq>s ;g tks vkè;kfRed laifÙk feyh gS] esjh bPNk gS fd og
eSa vki lc ds lkFk lk>k d:aA ;fn vki dqN vH;klksa dks Lohdkj
djrs gSa vkSj muosQ vH;kl ls vkiosQ thou esa ifjorZu vkrk gS]
rks eSa Lo;a dks vuqxzfgr eglwl d:axkA
bl rjg ge vkSj ,d nwljs ds vkuan dks vkSj c<+k,axsA
pfy,] ,d 'kq#vkr djrs gSa!
xq#nso
deZ;ksx dk lkdkj :i
xq#nso vkè;kfRed xq.kksa dk HkaMkj Fks vkSj os viuh bu 'kfÙkQ;ksa dk
ç;ksx yksxksa dh ihM+k nwj djus vkSj mudh lgk;rk djus esa yxkrs
FksA mUgksaus esjk tksM+ksa dk nnZ osQoy Ms<+ feuV esa Bhd dj fn;k FkkA
eSaus mUgsa lSdM+ksa yksxksa dks ,d fnu esa Bhd djrs gq, vkSj mudh
ijs'kkfu;ksa dks nwj djrs gq, ns•k gSA
^cM+k xq#okj*& xq#okj tks vekoL;k osQ ckn vkrk gS] ml fnuksa
gtkjksa dh la[;k esa yksx muls feyus vkrs FksA muls feyus okyksa
dh ykbu rdjhcu ,d fdyksehVj rd yach gks tkrh FkhA xq#nso
ml fnu losjs Ng cts ls ysdj jkr osQ ckjg cts rd bu yksxksa ls
feydj muds 'kkjhfjd] ekufld o vkfFkZd d"Vksa dks nwj djus esa
viuk le; O;rhr djrs FksA
xq#nso us viuh ;qokoLFkk esa gh dkiQh 'kfÙkQ;ksa dks çkIr dj fy;k
FkkA mudh gFksfy;ksa ij vkse] f=k'kwy] f'kofyax vkSj fxysjh] vkse 'kCn
osQ chp esa f=k'kwy •M+k gqvk vkSj fnO; tksr bu lcds fpÉ mHkjs
gq, FksA tc Hkh og vius gkFkksa ij ikuh Mkyrs Fks rks ;g fpÉ ,sls
ped dj vkrs Fks ekuks fdlh fp=kdkj us muds gkFkksa ij fp=kdkjh
dj nh gksA viuh ;gh 'kfÙkQ;k¡ os yksxksa dh enn djus esa] mudh j{kk
djus esa o mudh 'kkjhfjd] ekufld d"Vksa dks nwj djus esa yxkrs FksA
muds bUgha xq.kksa osQ dkj.k yksx muls feyus osQ fy, cspSu jgrs
Fks rkfd mUgsa xq#nso ls ^lsok* çkIr gks losaQA xq#nso us gesa ,d
peRdkjh 'kCn fl•k;k gS ^lsok*A mudk fo'okl Fkk fd ^lsok*

deZ lw=k / 11
fdlh Hkh fdLe dh gks vkSj fdlh osQ fy, Hkh gks] ;gh gekjs thou
dk edln gksuk pkfg, D;ksafd blh ^lsok* ls ge vius ^deks±* dks
larqfyr dj] viuh vkRek dk fodkl djus esa rFkk vkfRed 'kqf¼
dh çkfIr dj ldrs gSaA
mudk ekuuk Fkk fd vkfRed fodkl osQ ik¡p eq[; eqdke gSa&
J¼k % fopkj /kjk ,oa vkLFkk dk ^vkfRed vfLrRo* gksrk gSA
fo'okl % bl ckr dh vuqHkwfr gksuk fd gesa ^vkfRed vfLrRo*
osQ fodkl vkSj çxfr osQ fy, dk;Z djuk gksxkA
lsok % ,d ^vkfRed vfLrRo* dk nwljs vkfRed vfLrRo osQ
fy, dk;Zjr gksukA
Kku % bl ckr dh tkudkjh gksuk fd gekjk vfLrRo ^ije
psruk* dk vfHkUu vax gS vkSj og loZO;kid gSA
HkfÙkQ % ge vius ^vkfRed vfLrRo* dh vpZuk ;k iwtk dj
losaQ vkSj gekjh ;g reUuk fd gekjk vkfRed vfLrRo
Hkh 'ks"k u jgsA
bu lc iM+koksa ;k eqdkeksa esa ls xq#nso ^lsok* dks cgqr egRoiw.kZ
ekurs Fks fd ^lsok* ij ge T;knk ls T;knk viuk è;ku osaQæ djsaA
mUgksaus viuh lkjh ftanxh blh iQylisQ dks eísutj j• dj O;rhr
dh vkSj blh dh lcdks lykg Hkh nhA dbZ lfn;ksa ls bl i`Foh ij
mPp dksfV osQ ^vkè;kfRed 'kfÙkQ'kkyh* yksxksa esa ls xq#nso Hkh ,d
FksA ;gh mudk jkt FkkA bls vU; yksxksa osQ lkFk ck¡fV,A
 izLrkouk
;g fdrkc deZ osQ fo"k; ij ys•d osQ fopkjksa] vè;;u vkSj
vuqHkoksa ij vk/kfjr gSA
vki vkeaf=kr gSa fd vki bls i<+dj blls lger gksa ;k vlger_
oqQN èkkj.kkvksa ;k lc /kj.kkvksa ij okn fookn djsaA vki buesa ls
lc dks ;k oqQN Hkkx dks Lohdkj ;k vLohdkj dj ldrs gSaA
;g çfØ;k 'kk;n vkidks çksRlkfgr djs fd vki bl fo"k; ij vius
fopkjksa esa oqQN vkSj tksM+sa ;k muesa oqQN ifjorZu yk,¡A eSa vk'kk
djrk gw¡ fd vki ,d pØ iwjk dj vius fopkjksa vkSj utfj;s esa
ifjorZu ik,axsA
,d NksVh&lh 'kq:vkr gekjh ftanxh esa cnyko yk ldrh gSA
fgaxksjh
deZ lw=
HkkX; gekjs laxzfgr ldkjkRed
vkSj
udkjkRed deks± dk iQy gSA
deZ dh ifjHkk"kk
gekjs eu] 'kjhj] bfUæ;ksa vkSj cqf¼ }kjk dh x;h lHkh fØ;kvksa
dks ^deZ* dgrs gSaA
tku&cw>dj fdlh dk;Z dks u djuk ftls okLrfodrk esa gesa djuk
pkfg,] mls Hkh deZ gh ekukA oqQN deZ vutkus esa vius vki gks
tkrs gSa rks oqQN lksís'; fd;s tkrs gSaA gj lqcg nk¡r lkiQ djus dk
deZ fdlh •kl mís'; ls fd;k tkrk gSA os deZ ftUgsa djus dh
bPNk ugha gksrh ij gks tkrs gSa] mUgsa ^eqÙkQ deZ* dgrs gSaA tSls fd
?kqVuksa dks fgykuk ;k fdlh fxjrh oLrq ls vius vki dks cpkus osQ
fy, gkFk Åij djuk] ml oLrq dk uhps py jgh phaVh ij fxjuk
vkSj phaVh dk ej tkuk] eqÙkQ deZ dh Js.kh esa vkrk gSA pyrs le;
xyrh ls phaVh ij iSj iM+ tkuk eqÙkQ deZ gSA eqÙkQ deZ Lor% laikfnr
gksrk gS vr% budks fxuk ugha tkrk gSA
tc ge vius 'kjhj] eu vkSj vkRek osQ ekè;e ls gksus okys deks±
dks eglwl djrs gSa (psruk dh fofHkUu voLFkkvksa& psru] vpsru]
vopsru) rc mu deks± osQ fy, ge vius vkidks ftEesnkj ekurs gSa
vkSj fiQj ge muds fy, mÙkjnk;h gks tkrs gSaA deZ djrs oÙkQ gekjk
bjknk Hkh ;g r; djrk gS fd ge deZ osQ fy, mÙkjnk;h gSa ;k ughaA
,d tt }kjk ,d gR;kjs dks ekSr dh ltk lqukuk ,d vyx fdLe
dk deZ gS ftlds fy, og ftEesnkj ugha gSA ij gR;kjk ml deZ osQ
fy, ftEesnkj gSA nksuksa esa lekurk ;g gS fd nksuksa us fdlh dks e`R;qyksd
HkstkA varj ;g gS fd tt us dkuwu osQ fu;e osQ vuqlkj viuk oSèkkfud
dÙkZO; fuHkk;k vkSj mldk bl nks"kh O;fÙkQ ls dksbZ HkkoukRed fj'rk
;k O;fDrxr cSj ugha FkkA vr% og bl deZ dk ftEesnkj ugha gSA
bu deks± dk oqQy ;ksx] gekjh thokRek ;k O;fÙkQxr vfLrRo dk
ys•k&tks•k cu tkrk gSA ;g ys•k&tks•k gh dbZ tUeksa rd pyus
okys gekjs Hkfo"; dk vk/kj gSA
deZ lw=k / 16
'kjhj dks deZ {ks=k dgk tkrk gSA tgk¡ bu deks± osQ ysu&nsu dk
fglkc&fdrkc lekIr dj vki deZeqÙkQ gks ldrs gSaA deZeqfÙkQ ls
gh tUe&e`R;q osQ pØO;wg ls eqfÙkQ laHko gSa vkSj rHkh eks{k dk ekxZ
ç'kLr gksxkA eks{k esa gekjk O;fÙkQxr vfrLrRo ugha gksrkA cfYd ;g
ml ije psruk esa ,dkdkj gksus dh ckr gSA eks{k çkfIr osQ fy,
O;fÙkQ dks ;g fuf'pr djuk iM+sxk fd bl ekxZ esa ck/d cuus
okys deks± dh l`f"V u gksA
;g dguk cgqr vklku gS ijarq djuk vR;f/d dfBuA lqcg tkxus
ls ysdj 'kke dks lksus rd ge deks± esa Mwcs jgrs gSa] dbZ tUeksa osQ
deks± osQ ykHk vkSj gkfu osQ dbZ •krs cu tkrs gSaA bu lc deks± dk
ys•k&tks•k bdêòk gksdj O;fÙkQ osQ orZeku dh cSysal 'khV curh gS
ftlls Kkr gksrk gS fd og fdruk /uh gS] ;gk¡ laifÙk dk eryc
osQoy /u gh ugha cfYd ;'k] LokLF;] vkSj vkfRed 'kfÙkQ Hkh gSA
esjh tkudkjh osQ vuqlkj e`R;q osQ ckn Hkh ge Hkys&cqjs deZ dj ldrs
gSaA oqQN vkRek,a nwljksa dks gkfu igq¡pkrh gSa] rks oqQN vPNs dk;ks± esa
enn djrh gSaA lfn;ksa ls] ,sls dbZ larksa osQ ckjs esa tkudkjh gS tks
yksxksa osQ vkè;kfRed ekxZn'kZd cusA ;s vkRek,a muosQ lkFk liuksa]
laosQrksa ;k vU; ekè;eksa }kjk fopkjksa dk vknku&çnku djrh gSaA esjs
vkè;kfRed xq# Hkh vius f'k";ksa dk ekxZn'kZu mudh LoIukoLFkk esa
djrs gSaA lkbZa ckck us vius dbZ HkÙkQksa osQ lius esa vkdj mUgsa n'kZu
fn;s gSaA
vkb, deZ osQ fl¼kUr ij utj Mkysa vksj ns•sa fd ;g oSQls dke
djrk gSA lkFk gh lkFk ge deZ osQ vyx&vyx çdkjksa osQ oxhZdj.k
dh vksj è;ku nsaA

deZ lw=k / 17
deks± ds çdkj
çkphu Hkkjrh; Kku i¼fr osQ vuqlkj deks± dks rhu foHkkxksa esa ck¡Vk
x;k gS& fØ;ke.k deZ] lafpr deZ] çkjC/ deZA

fØ;ke.k deZ (orZeku dky ds deZ)

orZeku dky esa dksbZ Hkh deZ ftldk gesa rqjar iQy fey tkrk
gS vkSj ftldk cdk;k dkfeZd rqyu&i=k esa vkxs ugha tkrk
mls fØ;ke.k deZ dgrs gSaA
orZeku dky esa dksbZ Hkh deZ ftldk gesa rqjar iQy ;k urhtk fey
tkrk gS vkSj og ogha lekIr gks tkrk gSA tgk¡ dkj.k vkSj mldk
çHkko] fØ;k ,oa çfrfØ;k] esgur vkSj ifj.kke ,d nwljs dks jí dj
nsrs gSa vkSj oqQN Hkh cdk;k ugha jgrk] mUgsa fØ;ke.k deZ dgrs gSaA
I;kl yxus ij ikuh fi;k tkrk gSA ikuh vkidh I;kl cq>krk gS tks
mldk dk;Z gSA ikuh ihus dh fØ;k dh rqjar çfrfØ;k gksrh gSA ikuh
ihuk---deZ gS vkSj deZ mldk ifj.kke gS larqf"VA Lo;a larqyu cukus
okys deks± dks fØ;ke.k deZ dgrs gSaA •qtyh yxus ij •qtykuk]
fljnnZ osQ fy, nokbZ •kuk] euksjatu osQ fy, ckgj tkuk] vko';drk
iM+us ij diM+s •jhnuk] dejs dh liQkbZ djuk] xkM+h pykuk] ^Lik*
esa tkuk vkfn fØ;ke.k deZ osQ vU; mnkgj.k gSaA
blhfy, bu deks± ls dksbZ ldkjkRed ;k udkjkRed nkf;Ro] midkj
;k ,glku ugha iuirk vkSj bUgsa pqdrk ugha djuk iM+rk vr% bUgsa
deks± osQ ys•s&tks•s esa ugha fxuk tkrk gS
bl tUe esa fd, tkus okys os deZ ftudk vlj vkus okys le; ;k
vkus okys tUeksa esa iM+us okyk gS mUgsa lafpr deZ ;k dkfeZd laifÙk
dgrs gSaA blds ckjs esa csgrj tkudkjh vkf•jh vè;k; (thou dk
pØ ej.kksijkar) esa nh xbZ gSA

deZ lw=k / 18
lafpr deZ (deZ tks gekjs laxfz gr HkaMkj curs gS)
a
vkidh O;fÙkQxr deks± dh cSysal 'khV dh ifjlaifÙk;ksa vkSj
nsunkfj;ksa dh oqQy jkf'k dks lafpr deZ dgk tkrk gSA
lk/kj.k cSysal 'khV vkSj dkfeZd cSysal 'khV esa ,d cgqr cM+k varj
;g gS fd ;gk¡ laifÙk vkSj ½.k ,d nwljs dks jí ;k •Re ugha
djrsA ykHk vkSj gkfu dks HkkX; osQ ys•s&tks•s esa vyx&vyx fy•k
tkrk gS vkSj mUgsa ,d nwljs ls tksM+k ;k ?kVk;k ugha tk ldrkA
O;fÙkQ dks ldkjkRed ,oa udkjkRed deks± osQ vPNs&cqjs ifj.kkeksa
dks Hkqxruk iM+rk gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd thou esa lc lq•&le`f¼
gksus osQ ckotwn gj fdlh dks jksx] nq%•] ekufld vkSj 'kkjhfjd
rdyhisaQ] rukoiw.kZ ifjfLFkfr;ksa] fj'rksa dh leL;kvksa] O;kikj esa
?kkVk] udkjkRed ,oa eqf'dy ifjfLFkfr;k¡ vkfn dk lkeuk djuk gh
iM+rk gSA bu mnkgj.kksa ls irk pyrk gS fd fdlh O;fÙkQ osQ thou
esa laifÙk] vPNk ekgkSy] vPNk in] dke;kch vkfn muds dkfeZd
iQyksa dk ifj.kke gS ijUrq lkFk gh lkFk udkjkRed deks± osQ dkj.k
thou esa ck/k,¡ Hkh vkrh gSaA
HkkX; vkids thou dh ,d fiQYe gSA eSaus thou dks ges'kk ,d
fiQYe dh rjg ns•k gS ftls cgqr le; igys cuk;k x;k FkkA
iQoZQ ;g gS fd ml fiQYe dks ns• ge vc jgs gSaA bl fiQYe dh
dFkkoLrq_ lafpr deks± }kjk r; dh tkrh gS vkSj bldh iVdFkk ml
dFkkoLrq ls fudkyh tkrh gSA blesa vU; ik=k Hkh 'kkfey gks tkrs
gSa ftuls vkidk dkfeZd ysu&nsu ckdh gSA vxj eq[; vfHkusrk osQ
•krs esa ldkjkRed deZ T;knk gksa rks og fdlh vPNs ifjokj esa
tUe ysrk gS ftuds ikl HkkSfrd lEifÙk osQ lkFk&lkFk ekufld vkSj
vkè;kfRed lEifÙk Hkh gksrh gSA
eq[; ik=k dh oqaQMyh ldkjkRed gksxhA og vkd"kZd] â"V&iq"V
,oa cqf¼eku gksxkA vxj mldk ckdhi=k_ cgqr mÙke gS rks mlesa

deZ lw=k / 19
uSfrdrk owQV&owQV dj Hkjh gksxh vkSj mlesa vè;kRe ,oa yksd&lsok
osQ çfr yxu dh rhoz bPNk gksxhA og varKkZuh Hkh gksxkA blds
lkFk ;fn og iq#"kkFkZ djs rks og vkè;kfRed 'kfÙkQ;ka Hkh çkIr dj
ldrk gS vkSj mlesa nwljksa dh nq%• rdyhiQksa dks nwj djus ,oa mUgsa
vk'khokZn nsus dh {kerk Hkh vk tk;sxhA mldk O;fÙkQRo Hkxoku jke]
Ñ".k] cq¼] jktk tud] ek¡ lhrk ,oa enj Vsjslk tSlk gks ldrk gS
ftudh oqaQMfy;ka esa lekurk gSA fiQYe rHkh çnf'kZr gksxh] tc le;]
ifjfLFk;ka vkSj ekgkSy vuqowQy gksxkA
bl fl¼kar dh ,d fnypLi ckr ;g gS fd ftl vuqikr ls deZ
laxzfgr gksrs gSa ml vuqikr esa mudk {kj.k ugha gksrk] O;fÙkQ dk
HkkX; muds {k; dk fu/kZj.k djrk gSA vkSj ;g çkjaHk gksrk gS mlds
tUe ysus osQ lkFkA
,d O;fÙkQ dh fdLer mldh xzg fLFkfr;ksa (flrkjksa dh fLFkfr) osQ
vuqlkj gksrh gSA blds rgr ml O;fÙkQ osQ fy, oqQN vPNk le;
rks dHkh fefJr le;] rks dHkh cqjk le; gksrk gS] ,d O;fÙkQ ,d
•kl le; ij tUe ysrk gS vkSj ml le; dks ^eqgwrZ* dgrs gSaA
eqgwrZ ml le; dk fof'k"V xzg xkspj gksrk gSA gj xzg ,d nwljs
dh rqyuk esa ,d vyx dks.k esa fLFkr gksrk gSA O;fÙkQ fo'ks"k dk
vPNk&cqjk le; dc vkSj oSQls gksxk vkSj mldk Hkfo"; oSQlk gksxk\
;g T;ksfr"k 'kkL=k r; dj ldrk gSA fdlh Hkh O;fÙkQ osQ thou dky
esa ;s xzg yxkrkj viuh fLFkfr;k¡ cnyrs jgrs gSaA ;gh ml O;fÙkQ
osQ thou dh oqaQMyh gS tks cnyrh jgrh gS vkSj mlds thou dks
fu;af=kr djrh jgrh gSA xzgksa dh fdj.ksa vyx dksuksa esa iM+rh gSa]
mudk ,d lkFk feyuk] muds chp vkilh rkyesy vkfn feydj
,d •kl daiu iSnk djrs gSa tks ,d ?kVuk] Hkkouk] la;ksx ;k ,d
•kl fopkj/kjk vkfn osQ gksus osQ fy, ftEesnkj gksrk gS vkSj tks
ml O;fÙkQ dh fdLer dks O;ogkfjd :i nsrk gS] bl rjg mlds
lafpr deZ iQyhHkwr gksrs gSaA

deZ lw=k / 20
vxj fiQYe osQ mnkgj.k ij okil è;ku nsa rks gesa cgqr de HkkX;oku
vfHkusrk feyrs gSa] blfy, iVdFkk esa vPNs] de vPNs vkSj lkèkkj.k
HkkX; dk feJ.k gksrk gSA tgk¡ deZ dk larqyu T;knk ldkjkRed ugha
gksrk gS] ogk¡ iVdFkk esa vPNh ?kVuk,a de vkSj rdyhisaQ vf/d
gksrh gSaA ;s eqf'dysa 'kkjhfjd] ekufld] HkkoukRed vkSj vkè;kfRed
çÑfr dh gks ldrh gSaA gj iVdFkk fHkUu Hkkoukvksa dk lfEeJ.k
gksrh gS ftlesa g¡lh Hkh gksrh gS vkSj vk¡lw HkhA
fiQYe dh iVdFkk tSlh Hkh gks] eq[; ik=k dks viuh rjiQ ls oqQN
vPNs deZ djus osQ ekSds fey gh tkrs gSaA ftlls og viuh Hkwfedk
dks csgrj fuHkk ldrk gSA iVdFkk osQ pfj=k viuh dfe;ksa dks lq/kjus
osQ fy, oqQN igy dj ldrs gSaA fiQYe dh i`"BHkwfe vkSj ?kVukØe
esa Hkys gh dksbZ cnyko u gksa ij vfHkusrk vius pfj=k dks 'kkyhurk
ls] mnkjrkiwoZd] nk'kZfud fparu vkSj ldkjkRed lksp dks viukdj
vius orZeku thou esa ykHk&gkfu dk csgrj fglkc çkIr dj ldrk
gSA blls mldh vxyh fiQYe csgrj vkSj Js"B gks ldrh gSA
vxj vfHkusrk dh fiNyh Hkwfedk,a vf/drj udkjkRed gksaxh rks
bl ckr dh vf/d laHkkouk gS fd bl tUe dh Hkwfedk esa Hkh og
oSlh gh udkjkRed ço`fÙk;k¡ fn•k,] og ,d ekfiQ;k MkWu cuus esa
liQy gks ldrk gS] ftlds nkSjku mls •wc iSlk dekus] lksuk bdêòk
djus] yksxksa ij cgqr ncnck cukus ,oa Hkksx&foykl osQ •wc volj
feysaxsA ij blls udkjkRed deZ mlds fgLls esa vkSj vk tk;saxs vkSj
mlds vPNs deZ Hkh •pZ gks tk;saxsA bldk ;g ifj.kke fudysxk
fd mldh vxyh fiQYe dh Hkwfedk nq%•n gks ldrh gSA

deZ lw=k / 21
çkjC/k deZ (bl thou esa Qfyr gksus okys deZ)
,d O;fÙkQ ds thou esa mldh fdLer ds :i esa iQfyr gksus
okys deZ ^çkjC/ deZ* dgykrs gSaA
nqHkkZX;o'k yksx vPNh fdLer dks igpku ugha ikrs vkSj mlds fy,
ÑrK ugha gksrs vkSj mldk lgh ewY; u le>dj mls utjvankt
dj nsrs gSaA oqQN yksx fdLer dks viuh esgur dk iQy] lgh lksp
;k lgh ekSds dk feyuk ekurs gSaA
;|fi gekjk HkkX; iwoZfu/kZfjr gS vkSj gekjs çkjC/ deZ Hkh iwoZ
fuèkkZfjr gksrs gSaA ge fdLer dks •sy dh rjg Lohdkj dj ldrs
gSaA vkt dh fdLer dy dh esgur dk urhtk gS blfy, vkt ge
bl thou dk vkuan mBkrs gq, vxyh iQly osQ cht cks ldrs gSaA
vf/drj yksxksa dks çkjC/ deks± esa vR;f/d esgur vkSj Je djuk
gksrk gSA ftlds dkj.k os lkekftd çfr"Bk ;k O;kikfjd liQyrk
çkIr djrs gSaA gj dksbZ bruk •q'kfdLer ugha gksrk ftls vPNs ;k lsok
deZ djus dk lkSHkkX; feysA vf/dka'kr% yksxksa dks vius ykHk&gkfu
osQ fglkc esa vf/d vad tksM+us osQ fy, ;k rks le; ugha gksrk ;k
os mlds çfr Bksl ç;kl ugha dj ikrsA
cM+s&cM+s uxjksa esa yksx dk;Z laca/h vkSj vius jkst osQ dkeksa esa my>s
jgrs gSaA mUgsa vius ?kj ls dk;Z LFky vkSj okilh osQ fy, cgqr le;
cjckn djuk iM+rk gS vkSj bl cps&•qps le; esa ?kj dks Hkh laHkkyuk
gksrk gSA bl nkSM+&èkwi Hkjh ftanxh esa iqQlZr gh dgk¡ feyrh gS viuh
vxyh ftanxh osQ ckjs esa lkspus osQ fy,\ ysfdu vxj ge FkksM+h lh
prqjkbZ cjrsa vkSj vius joS;s esa rCnhyh yk,¡ rks ;g ukeqefdu Hkh
ughaA ge tks le; dk;kZy; esa fcrkrs gSa ml nkSjku Hkh vius le;
dk lnqi;ksx vPNs dk;ks± osQ fy, dj ldrs gSa vkSj Hkfo"; osQ fy,

deZ lw=k / 22
vPNkbZ osQ cht cks ldrs gSaA dke djrs le; ge nwljs yksxksa osQ
lkFk vPNk crkZo djsa] NksVs&NksVs lRdeZ djsa] nwljksa dh lgk;rk djsaA
nwljksa dh enn osQ fy, dh tkus okyh NksVh ls NksVh ps"Vk Hkh cgqr
vPNs fØ;ke.k deks± dks cVksj ldrh gSA vxj gekjs ikl iwoZtUeksa
dh laifÙk gS] rks gks ldrk gS fd vki bl tUe esa /uoku o le`¼
O;fÙkQ gksaA vc ;g vki ij fuHkZj gS fd vki bu lqfo/kvksa dk
mi;ksx] lq•Hkksx] ?kj dh ltkoV] cM+s&cM+s vk;kstu] nkorksa vkfn
esa •pZ djsa ;k viuh laifÙk dk ,d fgLlk lekt dY;k.k] yksd
lsok osQ dk;ks± esa yxkdj csgrj Hkfo"; dks çkIr djsaA fcyxsV~l vkSj
okjsu cisQV fo'o osQ nks mTtoy mnkgj.k gSaA vius ns'k esa fcjyk
vkSj VkVk vkSj mu tSls dbZ vU; m|ksxifr ifjokjksa us viuh laifÙk
dk oqQN fgLlk nku nsrs gq, vius deks± dks larqfyr djus dh dksf'k'k
dh gSA vf/dka'k /eZ] lekt dks ^okil nsus dk* fl¼kar fl•krs gSa
vkSj bldk ikyu djds yksx mlls Hkh ln~deks± dks vftZr djrs gSaA

deZ lw=k / 23
vijk/kcks/k
vPNs deZ djus ij gesa cgqr larqf"V feyrh gS] tcfd cqjs dk;ks±
dks djus ij gesa iNrkok eglwl gksrk gS vkSj dbZ ckj gesa viuh
Nfo /wfey gksrh eglwl gksrh gS vkSj ge mlds fy, vius vki
dks ftEesnkj ekuus yxrs gSaA blls fucVus dk ,d gh rjhdk gS fd
vf/d ls vf/d lRdeZ fd;s tk;s rkfd udkjkRed deks± osQ çHkko
dks de fd;k tk ldsA egÙoiw.kZ ckr ;g gS dkfeZd ykHk T;knk
gksa vkSj dkfeZd gkfu;k¡ deA dksbZ Hkh fnu ,slk ugha xqtjrk tc gesa
vius fdlh u fdlh dk;Z osQ fy, vijk/cks/ u gksrk gksA ;s cgqr
NksVh ckr gSa] tSls fdlh osQ ckjs esa udkjkRed <ax ls lkspuk] bZ";kZ
;k }s"k dh Hkkouk eu esa ykuk vkfnA cqf¼ekuh blh esa gS fd ge
viuh deh dks Lohdkj djsa vkSj •qn dks ekiQ dj leL;k dks ogha
•Re dj nsa rkfd gesa ckj&ckj ek;wl u gksuk iM+sA Lo;a dks lqèkkjus
dk ;s dgha T;knk ldkjkRed rjhdk gS ctk; blds fd vijk/cks/
esa ft,a vkSj vius çfr nqHkkZouk ikysaA

deZ lw=k / 24
ek;kpØ
Hkze vkSj feF;k ds çHkko dks ^ek;k* dgrs gSaA
ge tks ns•rs gSa vkSj ml ij Hkjkslk djrs gSa] mls ;FkkFkZ eku ysrs
gSaA e`xr`".kk rc rd dk;e jgrh gS tc rd gesa vkRecks/ u gksA
,d dNq, dks ;g nqfu;k yky jax osQ vyx çdkjksa esa fn•kbZ nsrh
gSA oqQN vU; tkuojksa osQ fy, ;g dkys ,oa liQsn jax dhA fliZQ
euq"; ,slk izk.kh gS ftlds fy, ;g lrjaxh gS ysfdu ge ;g Hkh
tkurs gSa fd çdk'k dh vusd o.kZ jkf'k;ksa dk 1@7oka fgLlk gh gSa
;s lkr jaxA
ge vius vrhr dk iqujkoyksdu dj ldrs gSaA Hkfo"; dh l`f"V
dk rks gksuk ckdh gSA fiQj Hkh ^uksLVªkMel* us lSdM+ksa lky igys bls
ns• fy;k FkkA blls gekjh lhfer ckSf¼d {kerk dk irk pyrk gSA
gekjk eu ftldk fo'ys"k.k djrk gS mls ge viuh iapsfUæ;ksa }kjk
eglwl djrs gSaA ^Kku* uked 'kfÙkQ eu osQ fopkjksa ,oa /kj.kkvksa esa
Hksn djuk fl•krh gSA
Hkkjrh; /eZxzaFkksa osQ vuqlkj ge tks Hkh ns•rs gSa] le>rs gSa ;k
fo'okl djrs gSa] og lc ek;k osQ nk;js esa vkrk gSA gekjk vfLrRo
,oa igpku Hkh gekjs eu }kjk jfpr fd;s x;s :i osQ vfrfjÙkQ oqQN
ugha gSA tkxuk] lius ns•uk ,oa lksuk ;s rhuksa voLFkk,a Hkh ml
feF;k dk gh fgLlk gSaA
gekjs iwoZt ;s ekurs Fks fd lPpkbZ ;k ml ;FkkFkZ dk irk yxkus osQ
fy, gesa vius bafæ;ksa] eu] cqf¼ vkfn ls ijs tkuk gksxk] rc tkdj
ge ml 'kk'or lR; dh •kst dj ik;saxsA bl czãkaM dh bdkbZ ;kuh
^ije tkx`fr* vktdy ,d dgh lquh ckr gS vkSj bldh laHkkouk
vkaf'kd :i ls ekuh gh tkrh gSA ij ;g ,d ,slh vuqHkwfr gS ftlesa
}Srokn dh xqatkb'k gh ughaA
deZ lw=k / 25
ek;k osQ pØ esa] }Sr dks Lohdkj djds ge nk,a&ck,a] lgh vkSj
xyr] vPNs vkSj cqjs esa my>s jgrs gSa_ ;s lc gekjs eu osQ feF;k
Hkze gSa] tks gesa lp ls dkslksa nwj ys tkrk gSA gdhdr rks ;gh gS
fd psruk ,d gS vkSj og gS ijeczãA
tgk¡ ij }SrkoLFkk dks viukdj viuh /kj.kkvksa dks ;FkkFkZ le>k
tkrk gS] ogk¡ deks± osQ ldkjkRed ,oa udkjkRed igyw gksrs gSaA
vxj ge vPNs deks± dk vkuan mBkrs gSa rks gesa cqjs deks± dks Hkh
Hkqxruk iM+sxkA vU;Fkk vkidks deZ osQ fu;eksa dks lh[kuk gksxkA yksx
ges'kk iwNrs gSa fd bu deks± dks vk¡dus okyk ,oa muds vuqlkj cnys
esa iqutZUe çnku djus okyk dkSu gS\ bl fo"k; esa vyx&vyx
lH;rkvksa osQ vyx&vyx fl¼kar çpfyr gSaA

deZ ds fl¼karksa ls vkxs tkuk

esjs vuqlkj gj O;fÙkQ dh dkfeZd laifÙk esa tks cdk;k jkf'k gS mldk
bLrseky djrs gq,] mldks pqdkus osQ fy, deZ osQ •sy dks fu;af=kr
djus okyh og ije vkRek ;k psruk gh gSA gjsd tho rÙo ml
iw.kZ ije rÙo ls VwVk gqvk rÙo gS vkSj ml VqdM+s dk cM+s rÙo ls
tqM+us ;k tksM+us dk ç;kl djuk Hkh bl deZpØ dk gh fgLlk gSA
,d ls vusd vkSj vusd ls ,d] vki bls ^eks{k* dg ldrs gSaA
ml ije rÙo osQ çR;sd •.M dks thokRek dgrs gSaA (vke Hkk"kk
esa eSa] vga vkSj vkRek okyh ekU;rkA)
laLÑr esa ek;k dk vFkZ gS ^og tks gSa ugha*] ;g ,d ,slh feF;k
voLFkk gS ftlds çHkko esa ,d thokRek viuh ,d vokLrfod
igpku cukdj vius vkidks ml ijerÙo ;k psruk ls vkSj vU;
l`f"V;ksa ls vyx vkSj Lora=k le>us yxrh gSA
blh fl¼kar dks ,d mnkgj.k ls le>k tk ldrk gSA ge ikuh osQ
vfLrRo dks Hkyh Hkk¡fr le>rs gSa ftls dkykarj esa vusd rÙo feykdj
deZ lw=k / 27
ch;j] dksyk vkfn is; esa cny fn;k tkrk gS] mlh çdkj gekjs vfLrRo
;k psruk us dkiQh le; ls Lo;a dks fujFkZd lq• Hkksxksa] uke] /eZ]
lkekftd çfr"Bk vkSj lkekftd ca/u tSlh igpkuks ls cka/ fy;k gSA
bl rjg ek;k ,d vkfoHkkZo (epiphany, a divine manifestation)
gS ftlesa vkRek dks eqÙkQ djus dh {kerk gSA feykoV dh tkudkjh ls
ge ml ikuh dks lkiQ djds mls 'kq¼ cuk ldrs gSaA mlh çdkj ek;k
vkSj Hkze ;kfu fujFkZd lq•&lqfo/kvksa vkSj laifÙk lk/uksa dk vkHkkl
djds ge muls nwj gks ml ijerÙo ;k psruk dks çkIr dj ldrs gSaA
;|fi eks{k ikus dh çfØ;k Hkys gh gesa ljy çrhr gks okLro esa
,slk ugha gSA O;fÙkQxr vfLrRoksa ls thokRek ,oa ije psruk osQ chp
dk iQklyk c<+us yxrk gS vkSj deZ osQ fl¼karksa esa vkLFkk j•us osQ
dkj.k og ,d lek/ku osQ ctk, vkSj eqf'dysa iSnk djrk gSA
uke] çflf¼] vkReosaQfær lksp] jkx }s"k] çhfr] ikfjokfjd ,oa
lkekftd caèku O;fÙkQxr vkSj lkekftd nk;jksa esa çflf¼ ,oa
yksdfç;rk gkfly djus osQ ckn gekjs vanj fof'k"Vrk dk Hkko tUe
ys ysrk gS tks gesa Lo;a dks ml ije rÙo dk va'k Lohdkjus esa
ck/d curk gSA vPNs deks± dks djus ij O;fÙkQ esa ,d fdLe dk
?keaM vkus yxrk gS ftlls ^eSa* dh Hkkouk tUe ysrh gS] vge çcy
gksrk gS vkSj iQklyk vf/d c<+ tkrk gSA (thokRek&ije vkRek osQ
chp) thokRek dk vyx vfLrRo bl rjg yxkrkj çcy gksrs gq,
tUe&tUekarj rd tkjh jgrk gS vkSj bl vuqca/u ls NqVdkjk ikuk
I;kt osQ fNydksa dh vla[; ijrksa ls ckgj vkus dh ckr tSlk gSA
bl rjg ;g flyflyk ,d tUe ls nwljs esa vkxs c<+rk jgrk gSA
thokRek iapdks"k uke ik¡p cks/ksa ls f?kjh gSA cks/ dh bu lhf<+;ksa dks
p<+us dh dyk tks O;fÙkQ ugha lh•rk gS] og bu ik¡p dks"kksa dks ikj
djrs gq, ^bZxks* dks ijkLr ugha dj ldrkA iap dks"kksa dh O;k[;k
vkiosQ lanHkZ osQ fy, ^euu&fparu* uke ls vafre vè;k; esa nh xbZ gSA
deZ lw=k / 28
,d O;fDrxr vuqHko
eSa nl lky rd vFkZjkbfV'k (tksM+ksa dk nnZ) ls ihfM+r Fkk] eq>s cgqr
rdyhiQ Fkh] ij vkt eSa mlds fy, bZ'oj dks /U;okn nsuk pkgrk
gwa D;ksafd ogh esjs thou esa ifjorZu dk dkj.k cuk vkSj thou esa
vkè;kfRedrk ls esjk ifjp; djk;kA
esjh eqykdkr xq#nso ls gqbZ ftUgksaus cl ,d feuV esa eq>s jksxeqÙkQ
dj fn;k vkSj esjk ekxZn'kZu fd;kA vxj eq>s chekjh u gksrh rks
'kk;n eq>s ;g lkSHkkX; Hkh ugha fey ikrkA bl vuqHko us eq>s bl
ckr osQ çfr laosnu'khy cuk;k fd eq>s viuh vkRek osQ fo"k; esa
tkuuk gS vkSj nwljksa dh lsok djuh gS rFkk bl fopkj dks yksxksa osQ
lkFk lk>k djuk gSA
xq#nso us eq>s lsok dk ekxZ fn•k;k ftlls eSa mu reke yksxksa dh
enn dj loawQ tks yxkrkj nnZ ls xqtj jgs gSa vkSj mUgsa mlls eqfÙkQ
dk dksbZ ekxZ utj ugha vk jgkA ^lsok* dk egÙo crkdj vU; yksxksa
dks Hkh bl ekxZ dh rjiQ çsfjr d:aA vkSj bl rjg esjs thou esa
vPNs deks± dks djus ,oa vius thou dks deks± }kjk le`¼ cukus dh
'kq:vkr gqbZA esjs lkFk dbZ yksx tqM+s tks vius iwoZtUe osQ deks± dh
enn ls ldkjkRed thou n`f"V] lekuqHkwfr] lsok dk;Z vkfn ln~deks±
ls nwljksa dh lgk;rk djuk pkgrs FksA vusdksa ckj ,slk ns•k x;k
gS fd ,d ihfM+r O;fÙkQ nwljs O;fÙkQ dh ihM+k nwj djuk pkgrk gSA
nq%• dbZ ckj gekjs iwoZtUeksa osQ vuqHko Hkh gekjs orZeku dks ,d
fn'kk fn•kus dk dke djrs gSaA
,d jktk dh dgkuh
dfyax ;q¼ esa gqbZ Hk;adj ekj&dkV osQ ckn lezkV v'kksd dk ân;
ifjorZu gqvk vkSj mUgksaus yksd lsok osQ ekxZ dks viukrs gq, Hkxoku
cq¼ dh 'kj.k yhA muds fl¼karksa dks viukdj viuk 'ks"k thou turk
dh lsok ,oa mlds vkè;kfRed fodkl osQ fy, vfiZr dj fn;kA

deZ lw=k / 29
v'kksd us cq¼ /eZ dks viukdj] nf{k.k iwoZ ,f'k;k esa mldk
çpkj&çlkj fd;kA muds 'kCn gekjs fy, çsj.kk lzksr gSaA os dgrs
gSa] ^eq>s tulk/kj.k dh çxfr vkSj dY;k.k osQ fy, dk;Z djuk gh
gksxk] bls iwjk djus osQ fy, dfBu ç;Ru ,oa dk;Z oqQ'kyrk dh
vko';drk gksxhA var esa balkfu;r dk ½.k pqdkus osQ fy, bl tUe
esa vFkd ifjJe djrk jgw¡xkA rkfd eSa oqQN yksxksa dks bl lalkj esa
•q'k dj lowaQ vkSj oqQN dks vxys yksd esa HkhA*
eSaus bls LowQy dh (bfrgkl) d{kk esa i<+k Fkk vkSj eSa bls dHkh
Hkqyk ugha ik;kA ;g deZ;ksx osQ fo"k; esa dgh xbZ csgrjhu ckrksa esa
ls ,d gSA ^vxys yksd ls vfHkçk; gS fd v'kksd yksxksa osQ ejus
osQ ckn Hkh mu thokRekvksa osQ fy, ldkjkRed deks± dks vftZr
djus esa mudh enn djuk pkgrs FksA ckS¼ /eZ dk çpkj djuk vkSj
çkFkZuk x`gksa dk fuekZ.k djuk vkfn ml fn'kk esa fy;s x;s dne FksA*

esjh vkxs dh dgkuh---

esjs vkè;kfRed xq#] ftUgksaus eq>s jksxeqÙkQ fd;k Fkk mUgksaus eq>s iwjk
è;ku yxkdj yksxksa dh ^lsok* djus dh f'k{kk nhA os pkgrs Fks fd
mudk çR;sd f'k"; lsok dks viuk ije y{; ekusA vkSj Lo;a mudk
Hkh vf/dka'k le; yksxksa dh lsok esa tkrk FkkA os Ñf"k ea=kky;
osQ e`nk loZs{kd osQ :i esa dke djrs Fks vkSj mudh vk; lkekU;
FkhA blds ckotwn os viuk vf/dka'k le; yksxksa ls feyus] mudh
chekfj;k¡ Bhd djus vkSj mUgsa ftanxh dk lkj le>kus esa O;rhr djrs
FksA yksx mudk bartkj muds dk;kZy; tkus ls igys] vkus osQ ckn
vkSj dk;kZy; osQ ços'k }kj ij djrs jgrs FksA muds ikl irk ugha
D;k tknw Fkk fd os lcds fy, le; fudky ysrs FksA os vius f'k";ksa
dh bl dk;Z esa enn ysrs FksA mUgksaus vius f'k";ksa dks 'kfÙkQ'kkyh
ea=k fl•k;s vkSj mudh ekufld HkkoukRed vkSj vkè;kfRed rÙo
osQ fodkl esa enn dhA
deZ lw=k / 31
tc mUgsa yxrk fd f'k"; dks i;kZIr vkè;kfRed Kku çkIr gks x;k
gS rks os mUgsa vU; lsok dk;ks± osQ lkFk&lkFk nwljksa dks jksxeqÙkQ djus
dh fo'ks"k 'kfÙkQ Hkh ns nsrs FksA mUgksaus ns'k&fons'k esa 500 vkè;kfRed
vkjksX; dj f'k";ksa dks 'kfÙkQ nh tks nwljksa dks jksxeqÙkQ dj ldrs gSaA
mudh e`R;q osQ nks n'kd ckn vkt Hkh gtkjksa yksx mudh lekf/
LFky tkdj muds vk'khokZn osQ fy, çkFkZuk djrs gSaA blh mís'; ls
gtkjksa yksx muds f'k";ksa osQ ?kj tkdj mudh lykg ysrs gSaA muds
f'k"; ;s lsok fu%'kqYd djrs gSaA
muds ,oa muds f'k";ksa dk ,dek=k y{; Fkk ^lsok*A eSaus cM+s&cM+s
usrk] tt] lkaln] m|ksxifr vkfn dks muds iQkeZ esa lsok djrs vkSj
viuk ;ksxnku nsrs gq, ns•k gSA eSaus 30 lky dh mez okys O;fÙkQ;ksa
dks yksxksa dh 'kkjhfjd chekfj;k¡ Bhd djrs gq, Hkh ns•k gSA bu f'k";ksa
dks vkè;kfRed ,oa /kfeZd fo"k;ksa dh cgqr de tkudkjh FkhA eq>
tSls ukfLrd osQ fy, mudh bl fopkj/kjk dks thoar gksrs ns•]
muesa vkLFkk j•uk vklku gks x;kA bl rjg eSaus muds dk;ks± dks
ns•dj mUgsa viuk xq# ekuk vkSj bl fo"k; esa iw.kZ:i ls vkdf"kZr
gks mlesa ca/ x;kA blfy, esjs fy, ;g LokHkkfod Fkk fd eSa Hkh
mUgha dh rjg ;s 'kfÙkQ;k¡ mnkj vkSj fu"Bkoku ;qokvksa dks çnku d:¡A
tgk¡ iqjkus f'k";ksa osQ xqtj tkus osQ dkj.k LFkku can gq,] ogha ubZ
ih<+h osQ vkus osQ dkj.k dbZ u;s LFkkuksa dh LFkkiuk Hkh gqbZA buesa
ls db;ksa dh HksaV xq#nso osQ HkkSfrd :i ls rks gqbZ gh ugha gS] fiQj
Hkh xq#nso esa vkLFkk j•rs gq, os dkiQh yksxksa dk mipkj djrs gSaA
vc eSa pkSFkh ih<+h osQ bartkj esa gw¡ tks xq#nso osQ ^lsok* osQ fl¼kar
dks dk;e j•sxhA

deZ lw=k / 32
xq#
xq# dk vFkZ va/dkj feVkus okyk gksrk gSA
xq# dh Hkwfedk fuHkkus okyk ,d O;fÙkQ vius f'k";ksa osQ vKku osQ
va/dkj dks de djus dk dk;Z vius Åij ys ysrk gSA ;gk¡ ij vKku
dk eryc ^vfo|k* ls gS tks fd ekuo eu dks çHkkfor djus vkSj
nqfo/kvksa esa Mkyus okys ik¡p Dys'kksa esa ls ,d gSA bldh vf/d
tkudkjh ^Dys'kksa* ij fn, x, ys• esa vkxs nh xbZ gSA (iqLrd osQ
vafre Hkkx esa)
ln~xq# dh çkfIr ,d ykWVjh yxus tSlh gSA ,d l{ke xq# vius
f'k"; dks liQyrk fnykus dh ftEesnkjh vius Åij ys ysrk gS vkSj
vius iwjs ç;kl ls viuk leLr Kku ,oa {kerk,a vius f'k";ksa dks
nsus dh ps"Vk djrk gSA ,sls dbZ egkxq# gq, gSa&
xq# of'k"B (jke osQ xq#)] egkRek bZlk (ftuds 11 çfrHkk'kkyh
f'k"; Fks)] xq#ukud nso] cq¼] jkeÑ".k ijegal tSls fdrus egku
xq#vksa us vius f'k";ksa dh vius vkarfjd Kku dks igpkuus esa enn
dhA ;s egku xq# fliZQ Hkkjr osQ gh ugha FksA vusd ns'kksa esa mudk
tUe gqvk vkSj buesa ls vjLrw] IysVks tSls xzhd f'k{kd Hkh Fks]
ykvksRls] dUÝ;wf'k;l tSls phuh f'k{kd ,oa iSxEcj eksgEen lkgc
rFkk nk'kZfud •yhy ftczku tSls bLykfed egkRek Hkh FksA budh
lwph cgqr yach ,oa mTtoy gSA gj ,d /eZxq# us ,d gh ckr
dgh gS& ij 'kCn vyx gSaA lc us ln~deks± osQ egÙo ij tksj fn;k
gSA ekslsl osQ nl vkns'kksa dks ge vyx ukeksa ,oa vyx la[;kvksa
esa fHkUu laLÑfr;ksa ,oa Hkk"kkvksa esa ns• ldrs gSaA fdlh Hkh u;s /eZ
dh mRifÙk ml le; dh rkRdkfyd lkekftd] vkfFkZd ifjfLFkfr;ksa
osQ dkj.k gqbZA ij lHkh /eks± us ckr mlh ije lR; dh gS] tks ,d
gSA mudh çLrqfr;ka Hkys gh fHkUu gksaA

deZ lw=k / 33
,sls Hkh vusd yksx gSa ftUgksua s xq# ;k vkè;kfRed ekxZn'kZd osQ fcuk Hkh
Kku dh çkfIr dhA blds fy, mUgksua s /kfeZd vkSj vkè;kfRed iqLrdksa
dk vè;;u fd;k] ea=kksa dk vH;kl fd;k] ljdkjh laxBuksa osQ lkFk
feydj tu&dY;k.kdkjh dk;Z fd;sA lkFk gh os viuh fopkj/kjk osQ
yksxksa osQ lkFk cSBdj vè;kRe osQ fHkUu vk;keksa dks Hkh le>rs jgsA
mudh cqf¼ deZ osQ fu;eksa dks le>us esa mudh lgk;d cuh vkSj
mUgsa mu deks± dks djus osQ fy, çsfjr fd;k tks mUgsa vkè;kfRed
:i ls le`¼ cuk;sA ;g O;fÙkQ dh Lo;a dh tkus çfØ;k gS] vkSj
dbZ ckj ;g dk;Z Hkh djrh gSA
,d ckj xq#ukud nso lqcg&lqcg vius f'k"; ejnkuk osQ lkFk csu
unh esa Luku osQ fy, x;sA mUgksaus unh esa Mqcdh yxk;h vkSj dkiQh
nsj rd ckgj ugha vk,] yksxksa dks yxk fd os unh esa Mwc x, gSaA
xk¡o okyksa us mUgsa gj txg ryk'kk] ij mudk oqQN irk ugha pykA
njvly ml le; ukudnso ijekRek osQ lkFk fnO; laHkk"k.k esa yhu FksA
ijekRek us ukud dks viuk Lo:i fn•k;k vkSj mUgsa Kku osQ lPps
Lo:i ls voxr djk;kA ijekRek dh ç'kalk esa mUgksaus dgk& ^bZ'oj
,d gS vkSj mldk uke gS lR;A ogh l`"Vk gS] og fuHkhZd vkSj
n;kyq gSA og vej gSA tUe vkSj e`R;q osQ pØ ls ijs gSA og Lo;a
çdk'keku gS vkSj mls ,d lPps xq# dh Ñik ls gh igpkuk tk
ldrk gSA og vkfndky esa lR; Fkk] og le; osQ ifjorZu osQ nkSjku
Hkh lR; Fkk vkSj ges'kk gh lR; FkkA og vkt Hkh lR; gSA* (tith)A
;s 'kCn fl• /eZ osQ egku xzaFk ^xq#xzaFk lkfgc* esa vafdr gSaA ukud
f=kewfrZ;ksa dks ugha ekurs Fks vkSj u gh os vorkjksa ij fo'okl djrs FksA
xq# ukud dk ekuo :i esa dksbZ xq# ugha FkkA xq#nso us crk;k fd
mUgksaus nsoh dh vkjk/uk dh vkSj bl rjg mUgksaus gFksyh ij ^vkse*
o vU; 'kfÙkQ;ka çkIr dhaA

deZ lw=k / 35
,d xq# f'k";ksa ds deks± esa gsjQsj dj ldrk gS
,d ln~xq# vius f'k";ksa ls riL;k ,oa lsok djkdj orZeku esa muds
vPNs çkjC/ deks± dks c<+k ldrk gSA vius f'k";ksa osQ thou esa cgqr
lkjs vPNs deks± dks tksM+dj] cqjs deks± dks NqM+kdj vPNs deks± dh
laifÙk c<+kus osQ fy, lgk;d thou&'kSyh dks viukus osQ fy, çsfjr
dj mlesa larqyu yk ldrk gSA vius f'k";ksa osQ thou esa dkfeZd
laifÙk dks c<+kdj cqjs deks± dks nwj djds csgrj larqyu ykus osQ
fy, ,d ln~xq# fuEufyf•r dk;Z dj ldrk gS&
1- vPNs çkjC/ deks± dks c<+kukA
2- cqjs dk;ks± dks NksM+uk&NqM+kukA
3- dkfeZd laifÙk dks c<+kus osQ fy, vuqowQy thou 'kSyh viukus
osQ fy, çsfjr djukA
4- dkfeZd gkfu;ksa dks de djukA
5- f'k";ksa dks lafpr deks± dk iQy blh tUe esa fnykukA
vxj fdlh f'k"; dks dHkh iSls dh cM+h t:jr iM+s vkSj ,slk gks
fd mlds fcuk dke ugha py ldrk gS rks ml fLFkfr esa fdlh nwljs
:i esa enn feyrh gS ftldh mEehn gh ugha FkhA mls de ls de
FkksM+s le; osQ fy, jkgr rks fey tkrh gS ftlls fLFkfr oqQN le;
osQ fy, rks fuiV tkrh gSA vxj f'k"; fdlh cM+h chekjh ls ijs'kku
gS rks xq# Ñik ls mldk vlj vo'; de gks tkrk gSA
cqfu;knh rkSj ij xq# dh Ñik vkidh ijs'kkfu;ksa dks iwjh rjg rks •Re
ugha dj ikrh] ijUrq mldk lkeuk djus osQ fy, ,d Nrjh :ih
jkgr rks ns gh nsrh gSA xq# viuh Ñik ls vius f'k";ksa osQ çHkkeaMy
dks c<+k ldrs gSa ftlls os çfrowQy le; esa Hkh lgt jg losaQA
D;k bldk ;g eryc gS fd ln~xq# ,d O;fÙkQ dh fdLer dks cny
ldrk gS\ D;k dksbZ O;fÙkQ xq# Ñik ls vpkud vius vfLrRo dks
igpku ldrk gS] viuh lc eqlhcrksa ls NqVdkjk ik ldrk gSA tgk¡
deZ lw=k / 36
cqjh fdLer gV tk, ,oa vPNh fdLer fcuk iq#"kkFkZ osQ fey tk,A
eq>s ,slk ugha yxrkA ysfdu eSa ,d vfo'oluh; ?kVuk osQ ckjs esa
crkus okyk gw¡ ftldk eSa •qn lk{kh gw¡A
,d xq# vius f'k"; dks e`r voLFkk dk vuqHko mlds lius esa
djk ldrk gSA ftlls muds orZeku thoudky dbZ lky c<+ tkrk
gS] tgk¡ ifjfLFkfr;k¡ leku gksaxh ij thou osQ vuqHko vyx gksaxsA
ml f'k"; dk utfj;k ,oa mldh çfrfØ;k,a vyx gksaxhA eryc
;g fd mlosQ cqjs deZ ,oa udkjkRedrk vPNs deks± esa cny ldrh
gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy, ;fn fdlh f'k"; dks iSls osQ ladV dk lkeuk
djuk iM+ jgk gS rks mlesa mls >syus dh 'kfÙkQ Hkh c<+ tk,xhA xq#
Ñik ls f'k"; dks eu dks dkcw djus esa enn fey tkrh gS vkSj og
Kku ,oa cks/ osQ csgrj Lrj dks çkIr djus esa liQy gks tkrk gSA
dgk tkrk gS fd eu dh 'kfÙkQ ls igkM+ Hkh gVk, tk ldrs gSaA
bldk eryc gS fd xq# Ñik ls ,oa Lo;a lk/uk ls O;fÙkQ dbZ
vlk/kj.k {kerkvksa dks çkIr dj ldrk gSA f'k"; ,oa xq# dh ÅtkZ
HkaMkj osQ chp tks laca/ gS mlls f'k"; dks og N=kNk;k fey tkrh
gS ftldk ftØ igys fd;k x;k FkkA bl rjg osQ dbZ vuqHko •qn
esjs thou esa vkSj eq> tSls vU; f'k";ksa osQ thou esa gq, gSa ftUgsa
eSa cgqr utnhdh ls tkurk gw¡A

xq# dh N=Nk;k
vLlh osQ n'kd esa eSa xq#nso osQ ikl vk'khokZn ysus x;k FkkA ml
fnu eSa le; ls igys tkx x;k Fkk vkSj ,d oqQlhZ ij fiQj ls lks
x;kA eq>s vkHkkl gqvk fd esjh iRuh ,d likV LFkku ij ysVh gS
vkSj mlds pkjksa vksj nks&rhu yksx udkc igus] gkFk esa pkowQ fy,
•M+s gSaA eq>s yxk fd os mldks ekjus okys gSaA lius esa eq>s tks
eglwl gqvk mldk vFkZ ;g Fkk fd mldk var utnhd gSA rc
eq>s ,d vthc mifLFkfr dk vglkl esjs ihNs gqvkA tc eSaus ihNs
deZ lw=k / 37
eqM+dj ns•k rks xq#nso •M+s FksA muds psgjs ij ,d uV•V eqLdku
FkhA mUgksaus eq>ls iwNk& ^csVk rqe D;k pkgrs gks\* eSaus mUgsa tokc
fn;k] ^tSlh mudh bPNkA* tc eSa tkxk rc ;g vkHkkl eq>s fcyoqQy
oSlk gh ;kn Fkk tSls dksbZ okLrfod ?kVuk gqbZ gksA
oqQN o"kks± ckn esjh iRuh gekjs cPps dks tUe nsus okyh FkhA mlds
çlo esa leL;k,a FkhaA mlds xHkkZ'k; dh ikuh dh FkSyh iQV xbZ Fkh
vkSj MkWDVjksa us ^fltsfj;u* dh lykg nhA uo o"kZ dh iwoZ laè;k dks
;kuh (31 fnlacj) dks ^vkijs'ku* r; fd;k x;k vkSj esjh iRuh dks
blds fy, rS;kj fd;k x;kA ijUrq vpkud MkWDVj FkksM+s le; osQ
fy, oqQN esgekuksa ls feyus osQ fy, vius ?kj pys x;sA esjh iRuh us
ml nkSjku LokHkkfod :i ls cPps dks tUe fn;kA vpkud eq>s og
vkHkkl ;kn vk;k tgk¡ 2&3 vkneh esjh iRuh osQ ikl udkc igus]
gkFk esa pkowQ fy;s •M+s FksA rc eq>s vkHkkl gqvk fd os MkWDVj vkSj
muds lgk;d Fks bls eSa bÙksiQkd ;k la;ksx dgw¡ ;k esjh dYiuk ;k
oqQN vkSj bldk fu.kZ; eSa vki lc ij NksM+rk gw¡A
v/kwjk vkHkkl ;k v/kwjh nq?kZVuk
eSa ,d vkSj fnypLi ?kVuk crkus okyk gw¡ tks vfoLej.kh; gSA ,d
fnu eSa xq#th osQ ?kj osQ vk¡xu esa fdlh eycs ij cSBk gqvk FkkA
cSBs&cSBs eq>s uhan vkus yxh vkSj esjh vk¡•sa can gks x;ha vkSj vpkud
eq>s oqQN fn•kbZ fn;kA eSaus Lo;a dks lM+d ij pyrs gq, ns•k vkSj
lM+d dh nwljh vksj ls ,d lkbfdy fjD'kk esjh vksj vk jgk FkkA
ckn esa eSaus ns•k fd eSa lM+d ij vk/h cSBh gqbZ voLFkk esa iM+k
gqvk FkkA esjs ck,¡ gkFk dh vkLrhu iQVh gqbZ Fkh] esjs gkFk esa pksV
yxh Fkh vkSj •wu cg jgk FkkA esjh iSaV Hkh iQVh gqbZ Fkh vkSj iSjksa esa
gYdh lh pksV FkhA ;g liuk VwV x;k vkSj eq>s bl ?kVuk osQ ckjs
esa oqQN •kl le> ugha vk;kA

deZ lw=k / 38
oqQN ?kaVksa osQ ckn xq#nso dk Mªkboj dke osQ flyflys esa ,d LowQVj
ls fnYyh tk jgk FkkA eSa •kyh cSBs&cSBs Åc x;k Fkk rks lkspk fd
D;ksa u mlosQ lkFk lokjh dk yqRiQ mBk yw¡A eSaus xq#nso osQ dejs esa
tkdj mudh vuqefr ek¡xhA os oqQN cspSu fn• jgs FksA mUgksaus eq>ls
iatkch esa iwNk] ^rqe D;ksa tkuk pkgrs gks\* ,d vPNk oÙkQk gksus
osQ dkj.k eSaus oqQN rdZ ,oa dkj.k crk, ftUgsa lqudj os eku x,A
mUgksaus nksuksa gkFkksa ls eq>s vk'khokZn fn;k vkSj ge nksuksa gok •krs
gq, LowQVj esa py iM+sA
gesa fudys gq, nl feuV chrs gksaxs fd eq>s ,d pkSjkgs ij ogh
lkbfdy fn•kbZ nh ftls eSaus lius esa oqQN ?kaVksa igys ns•k FkkA
eq>s irk Fkk fd vkxs D;k gksus okyk gSA Mªkboj us VDdj jksdus dk
foiQy ç;kl fd;k ij LowQVj fiQly x;k vkSj eSa Bhd oSls gh fxjk
tSls lius esa gqvk FkkA esjh 'kVZ vkSj iSaV iQV xbZ ij esjs gkFk&iSj
ls fcyoqQy •wu ugha fudykA ,d ?kaVs esa ge muds ?kj okil vk
x,A eSa mUgsa /U;okn dgus osQ fy, vanj x;k rc muds psgjs ij
O;aX;iw.kZ gYdh eqLoqQjkgV Fkh] ysfdu mUgksaus ml nq?kZVuk dh ppkZ
djus ls euk dj fn;kA mUgksaus eq>s tkdj vkjke djus dks dgkA xq#
dh N=kNk;k dk ;g (mÙke) mnkgj.k gSA

xq# ls feydj rqjUr larq"V gks tkuk

xq#th gj eghus dh vekol osQ ckn vkus okys xq#okj osQ fnu yksxksa
ls feyrs FksA muls feyus vkus okyksa dh yach drkj gksrh FkhA tks
lqcg 6 cts ls jkr dks 10 cts rd pyrh jgrhA 'kq:&'kq: esa tc
gekjk muls laidZ gqvk rks ge muls feyus osQ fy, 3 ls 4 ?kaVs
bartkj djrs rc tkdj gekjh ckjh vkrh FkhA tkM+s osQ ekSle esa cM+s
losjs bl rjg ^ykbu* esa •M+s jguk dksbZ cPpksa dk •sy ugha FkkA
xjeh osQ ekSle esa nksigj esa bl rjg bartkj djuk lgu'kfÙkQ dh
ijh{kk gksrh FkhA blds ckotwn Hkh yksx vfojy muls feyus vkrs jgrsA

deZ lw=k / 39
dkiQh lky ckn eSaus muls iwNk fd ge bl leL;k dk ,d vklku
mik; D;ksa ugha <w<+ ldrs ftlls yksxksa dks yacs le; rd viuh
ckjh dh çrh{kk u djuh iM+s ;k os tYnh ls tYnh xq#th ls fey
ik;saA rc mUgksaus viuh fopkj/kjk dks Li"V djrs gq, crk;k fd
drkj esa •M+s gksdj bartkj djuk mudh riL;k ;k lk/uk ekuh tk
ldrh gSA yksxksa osQ bl ç;Ru ;k Je osQ vk/kj ij xq#nso mudks
jkgr igq¡pk nsrsA xq#th osQ dbZ lkyksa osQ lkfuè; osQ nkSjku eSaus mUgsa
yksxksa dh enn o chekjh ls jkgr igq¡pkrs gq, ns•k gSA
;g mu yksxksa osQ fy, muds deks± ls rqjUr r`fIr ikus dk mik; FkkA
blesa LokHkkfod :i ls xq#th dh vkè;kfRed 'kfÙkQ;k¡] vlkèkkj.k
flf¼;k¡] vykSfdd ÅtkZvksa ls ukrk (ftUgsa yksx nsoh nsorkvksa dh
'kfÙkQ ekurs gSa) vkfn dk ;ksxnku FkkA jkgr feyus osQ fy, yksxksa
dks dbZ ckj muls feyus vkus osQ fy, vkSj mUgsa ykbu esa bartkj
djus osQ fy, dgk tkrk FkkA
xq#th us crk;k fd os yksxksa dks muds cps gq, ldkjkRed deks± osQ
,ot esa çfriQy igq¡pk ldrs gSaA rc tkdj eq>s le> vk;k fd os
yksxksa dh ftanxh dh fn'kk oSQls cny ldrs gSaA yksxksa osQ çkjC/ deks±
dk çokg cnydj vkSj vf/d la[;k esa vPNs deks± dks tksM+dj
xq#th muds thou dks csgrj fn'kk esa eksM+ ldrs gSaA mudh enn
osQ fcuk ;g 'kk;n eqefdu ugha gksrkA
O;fÙkQxr :i ls eq>s vius deks± osQ fy;s rqjar ifj.kke ,oa çfrfØ;k
çkIr gksrh gSA (;|fi eSaus mu deks± dh ftEesnkjh Lo;a ij ugha yh
gSA) tc dHkh eq>s cgqr vf/d vkuan ,oa euksjatu çkIr gksrk gS
rks nq%•@nnZ Hkh eq>ls T;knk nwj ugha gksrk gSA esjs lkFk oqQN ,slk gks
tkrk gS ftlls thou esa ,d larqyu LFkkfir gks tkrk gSA ;g rdZ
osQ f•ykiQ gS] vkSj vius /eZxzaFkksa esa dgh xbZ ckrksa ls vyx gSA
'kk;n ;g fu;e osQ vioknksa esa ,d gSA
vxj vkidks Hkfo"; esa fodflr gksuk gS rks orZeku mldk jkLrk <w<¡ r+ k gSA
vkids çkjC/ deZ fiQj vkidks oqQ'kyrkiwod Z iw.kZrk dh vksj ys tk,axAs
deZ lw=k / 40
 deZ ls
ljksdkj
gekjs dkfeZd laink] gekjh j.kuhfr
vkSj
gekjs Hkfo"; esa gsjisQj dk Kku gSA

dSls ge O;ogkfjd j.kuhfr

cukdj viuh
dkfeZd lEink dks c<+k ldrs gSa\

deZ lw=k / 41
deZ lw=k / 42
gekjs dtZ (½.k)
,d O;fÙkQ ds thou ds ykHk&gkfu ds fglkc esa ls mlds •pZs
dh laf{kIr tkudkjhA

ekrk&firk ds çfr dtZ

,d vkRek osQ ikl 'kjhj gksuk t:jh gS rkfd og vius deks± dks
iwjk dj ldsA ml 'kjhj dks çkIr djus osQ fy, mls ekrk&firk dh
vko';drk iM+rh gSA ,d ek¡ bl vkRek dks tUe nsus osQ fy, viuh
dks• nsrh gS vkSj mlds ckn Hkh ml cPps dks ykyu&ikyu osQ fy,
ek¡ osQ lgkjs dh t:jr gSA firk vkSj dHkh&dHkh ekrk dks dbZ lkyksa
rd esgur djds iSlk dekdj ml cPps dh ijofj'k djuh gksrh gSA
ekrk&firk osQ fy, cPps dks jksVh] diM+k] edku vkfn dk bartke
djuk vkSj mls f'k{kk nsuk Js"B deZ ekus tkrs gSaA ijarq cPps osQ fy,
;g ,d cM+k ½.k cu tkrk gSA bl ½.k dks pqdkus osQ fy, cPps
dks cgqr lkjs vPNs deZ dekus iM+rs gSa ;k vf/d ek=kk esa fØ;ke.k
deZ djus gksaxsA rkfd og bl ½.k dks cjkcj dj ldsA o`¼koLFkk
esa vius ekrk&firk dh ns•Hkky djuk] mudh vko';drkvksa dks iwjk
djuk] vko';d bykt djokuk vkSj mlds ckn vPNs deZ djds
mldk iQy mudks lefiZr djuk vkfn oqQN ,sls dk;Z gSa tks vki
dks bl ½.k ls eqÙkQ djkus esa enn dj ldrs gSaA
nwljh vksj ,d cPps dks vxj ek¡&cki fcuk fdlh dkj.k osQ Mk¡Vrs gSa
;k csbTtr djrs gSa] fiVkbZ djrs gSa ;k fiQj mlds lkFk nqO;Zogkj dj]
laifÙk dk fgLlk u nsdj mls ;kruk igq¡pkrs gSa] rks buds dkj.k og
cPpk ½.keqÙkQ gks ldrk gSA ;g blfy, gksrk gS D;ksafd ekrk&firk
us cPps osQ fy, tks Hkh fd;k gksrk gS og csvlj gks tkrk gSA

deZ lw=k / 43
deZ lw=k / 44
iaprÙoksa ds çfr
gekjk 'kjhj i`Foh] ty] vfXu] ok;q vkSj O;kse (vkdk'k) uked
ik¡p rÙoksa ls cuk gSA vki çR;{k :i ls bu rÙoksa osQ vkHkkj ugha
çdV djrs gS] ijUrq gesa vius vfLrRo esa muds ;ksxnku dks Lohdkj
djds mUgsa /U;okn nsus dh vko';drk gSA ge vDlj bu rÙoksa dk
vius LokFkZ osQ fy, nq#i;ksx djrs gSaA dkxt cukus osQ fy,] •kuk
cukus osQ fy, vkSj gou djus osQ fy, isM+ksa dks dkVuk] ikuh dk
bLrseky djds mls çnwf"kr djuk ,oa nq#i;ksx djuk ;s lc bu rÙoksa
osQ nq#i;ksx osQ oqQN mnkgj.k gSaA ijek.kq ijh{k.k] vkS|ksfxd xSlksa
ls ok;q çnw"k.k] tgjhys inkFkks± dk fjlko] okguksa ls fudyrk èkqvk¡
vkSj ty çnw"k.k }kjk euq"; iap rÙoksa osQ lkFk nqO;Zogkj dj jgk
gSA fu%lansg ;s lHkh rÙo euq"; osQ vfLrRo osQ fy, vko';d gSaA
gkykafd fd ;s ysu&nsu dh 'kq#vkr gS] fiQj Hkh gesa vius nkf;Roksa
ls ihNs ugha gVuk pkfg;s cfYd mudk ogu djuk pkfg,A
;s rÙo psrukvksa ls tksM+us okys ekè;e gSaA vfXu fnO; vkRekvksa
,oa nsorkvksa (nsoka'kksa) rd gekjh HksaV dh gqbZ oLrqvksa dks igq¡pkus
dk tfj;k gSA ikuh dh 'kfÙkQ dks c<+kdj mldh rkdr nwljksa dks
Bhd djus esa yxk ldrs gSaA dbZ lH;rk,a /jrh dks ekrk osQ :i esa
Lohdkjrh gS mldh iwtk djrh gSaA yksx vxjcÙkh tykdj ok;q dks
ifo=k dj vius vkidks ifo=k djrs gSaA fganw /eZ dh vfèkdka'k iwtk
fof/;k¡ ik¡p rÙoksa dks lk{kh eku dj dh tkrh gSaA ?kj osQ eafnj esa]
gou esa] fn;k tykuk (tgk¡ ik¡p rÙo 'kkfey gksrs gSa)] ikS/s yxkuk]
vfXu dh vkjk/uk djuk rFkk nsoh&nsork osQ :iksa esa bu rÙoksa dh
mikluk ls bu rÙoksa osQ çfr vius ½.k dks pqdkus dk ç;kl fd;k
tk ldrk gSA

deZ lw=k / 45
Another random document with
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which many have of shuffling cards, so that when dealing at whist or
écarté, &c., he could put into his own hand or that of others the cards
he pleased. He added that, though possessing this extraordinary
faculty from boyhood, he had never taken advantage of it in a
dishonest or unworthy manner except when, as quite a youth, he
desired to go to Paris to make his way in the world as a conjurer, and
his father, a poor gentleman, had not been able to give him more
than a few gold pieces wherewith to defray the expenses of his
journey. He described how he had started with his knapsack from
some town in Austria, occasionally travelling by diligence, and
passing the nights at inns on the road. During the journey, Bosco
said, he frequently had a gold piece changed, and whilst the change
was being delivered he managed to recover the gold coin, and thus
arrived at Paris with sufficient means to enable him to live until he
found employment. ‘Since then,’ he added, ‘I have been an honest
man.’
Other recollections of those days follow.
Lord and Lady Londonderry arrived at Constantinople and called
on the Ambassador, and Lady Londonderry requested his Excellency
to present her to the Sultan.
As the presentation of a European lady to H.I.M. had never been
heard of in those days, Lord Ponsonby declined to take steps to
meet the wishes of the fair lady, on the plea that such an
unprecedented request might give annoyance to the Sultan. Lady
Londonderry was, however, determined to gain her point, and also to
show Lord Ponsonby that if he had not sufficient influence to obtain
such a special favour from the Sultan, another Representative might
be found who would pay more attention to her wishes.
 Lady Londonderry had made the acquaintance at Vienna of Baron
Stummer, the Austrian Ambassador at Constantinople, who, though
he had not the powerful influence which Lord Ponsonby then
enjoyed, was regarded by the Sultan and his Ministers as a very
important personage to whose wishes it was politic and advisable to
attend.
Lady Londonderry made known her request to the Baron, who at
first demurred for the same reason as Lord Ponsonby; but pressed
by the fair dame—who pleaded that she only asked for a private
interview with the Sultan—and knowing that Lord Londonderry held a
high position in his own country, he promised to mention her wishes
to Reshid Pasha, who was at that time Minister for Foreign Affairs
and spoke French fluently, to ascertain whether it was possible that
such an extraordinary favour could be granted by H.I.M.
Reshid Pasha raised many objections; but being most desirous to
please the Austrian Ambassador, he informed him that there was
one possible way by which the lady could be brought very privately
into the presence of His Majesty. He had heard, he said, that the
noble lady travelled with untold wealth in diamonds, &c.: the Sultan
was passionately fond of jewelry, of which he made frequent
purchases; and possibly His Majesty might consent, on learning that
there was a person in Constantinople who had a large assortment of
jewels, that she should be allowed to bring them herself to the
Palace. Should His Majesty consent, the Pasha informed the Baron,
no one but himself (Reshid) and Lady Londonderry would be present
at the interview with the Sultan, and in such case he would act as
interpreter.
Reshid Pasha having made known to the Sultan that a person
had arrived at Constantinople with a wonderful collection of most
valuable jewelry, asked whether His Majesty would like to see them.
The following conversation is said to have taken place:—
Sultan. ‘Let the jewelry be brought and prices stated.’
Reshid. ‘This individual never trusts the jewelry to any one, and
would have to come in person.’
Sultan. ‘Bring the jeweller.’
Reshid (in a hesitating manner). ‘I beg your Majesty’s pardon for
indelicacy, but it is—it is—a female[4], and she always carries the
jewels on her person when she wishes to dispose of them for sale,
and never puts them in a case.’
Sultan. ‘Bring her, and let her put them all on. You come also, to
interpret.’
Reshid returned and told the Baron he might inform Lady
Londonderry that she would be presented at a private audience by
him, but that the Sultan, having heard of the fame of her jewelry, had
particularly requested she would put it all on, and he, the Pasha,
hoped therefore she would raise no objection to such a strange
request.
Lady Londonderry was very good-natured, and being much
amused at the condition made by the Sultan, consented to put on all
her most valuable jewelry.
On arrival at the Palace, Reshid Pasha conducted Lady
Londonderry into the presence of the Sultan. Her dress glittered with
diamonds, pearls, turquoises, and other precious stones.
‘Pekkei—good,’ said the Sultan (as Lady Londonderry curtseyed),
‘she has brought magnificent jewels.’
 Reshid (turning to the lady). ‘His Majesty graciously bids you
welcome.’
Lady Londonderry bowed and expressed her thanks in French.
Reshid (interpreting). ‘She says she has other jewelry, but could
not put on all.’
Sultan. ‘Ask her what is the price of that diamond necklace.’
Reshid. ‘His Majesty inquires whether this is your first visit to
Constantinople.’
Lady Londonderry. ‘It is my first visit, and I am delighted with all I
have seen.’
Reshid (to Sultan). ‘She asks a million of piastres.’
Sultan. ‘That is too much.’
Reshid (to Lady Londonderry). ‘His Majesty asks whether you
have seen the Mosques. If not, offers you a firman.’
Lady Londonderry expresses her thanks.
Sultan. ‘What price does she put on that set of turquoises?’
Reshid (to Lady Londonderry). ‘His Majesty says that perhaps you
would like to take a walk in the garden.’
Lady Londonderry expresses her thanks, and would like to see
the garden.
Reshid (to Sultan). ‘She says 400,000 piastres.’
Sultan. ‘Take her away, I shall not give such prices.’
Reshid (to Lady Londonderry). ‘His Majesty graciously expresses
satisfaction at having made your acquaintance.’
 Lady Londonderry curtseys low and withdraws from His Majesty’s
presence to visit the garden with the amiable and courteous Reshid
Pasha.

* * * * *

In the summer months at Constantinople, Turkish ladies and their

children were wont to drive in ‘arabas’ to the ‘Sweet Waters.’ Groups
of Mohammedan women of the better class, with their families and
slaves, were to be seen in picturesque dresses reclining on carpets
and cushions, enjoying coffee, sweetmeats, &c., under the shade of
the fine old trees on this beautiful spot. Men were not allowed to
approach the ground where the women were seated. Kavasses
warned off intruders; but the members of Embassies, especially
when accompanied by a kavass, were not interfered with, even if
they walked near the groups of women.
Turkish ladies in those days wore the ‘yashmak’ or veil, supposed
to cover their faces, but worn so low as frequently to expose even
the mouth, and at the ‘Sweet Waters’ yashmaks were thrown aside
still more, thus displaying embroidered jackets, bright-coloured belts,
and silk or cotton ‘shalvas.’ Turkish women, even the far-famed
Circassians, are not in general pretty, but they have fine eyes and a
piquant expression.
When passing these groups of ladies, I have often heard
humorous remarks, evidently intended to reach the ears of the
unabashed ‘Frank’ who had ventured to intrude amongst them.
One evening, when taking a walk, I had wandered to a secluded
spot, when I suddenly came upon two Turkish ladies and a slave
taking coffee. One of the ladies looked up and smiled, making some
remark to her companion, evidently about myself, the purport of
which I did not quite understand. I merely returned the smile and
walked hurriedly away, for the dinner-hour at the Embassy was
approaching. I had gone but a short distance when I heard some one
running up behind me. On turning round I was accosted by an old
black woman, who, in a breathless voice, said, ‘Khanem’ (my
mistress), ‘whom you have just passed, requests that you will give
her a pin for her dress.’
As I happened to have a pin, I was about to hand it to the slave,
when she said, ‘Khanem wishes you to bring it to her;’ adding, in a
whisper, ‘there is no one near, and she has something to say to you.’
Looking at my watch, I replied it was late, and requested her to tell
her mistress that I was sorry I could not comply with her request,
adding, ‘Tell me, who is your beautiful khanem?’
The slave replied, ‘She is the wife of the late Sultan Mahmud’s
dwarf.’
I had already heard something about this lady, but having a vivid
recollection of a late adventure of Baron B., a member of a foreign
Legation and a particular friend of mine, whom I had helped out of a
serious scrape where his life had been in great danger, and who had
been obliged to quit Constantinople suddenly (having been given to
understand that unless he left the country his recall would be
required by the Turkish Government), I made up my mind not to
satisfy my curiosity by seeking for an interview with the fair
Circassian.
The next day, I requested a Turkish police officer of high rank,
who had aided me in helping Baron B. out of the scrape to which I
have alluded, to tell me what he knew about the wife of the dwarf,
not mentioning, however, the incident which had occurred at the
‘Sweet Waters.’
 The officer then related the following tale:—
‘Sultan Mahmud had a humpbacked dwarf, with a hideous
countenance, but who was renowned for wit and humour. This
monster was frequently admitted by the Sultan into the harem when
H.M. was seated with his odalisques enjoying the “chebúk.”
‘To please the ladies, the dwarf was made a constant butt, both by
H.I.M. and the odalisques, and he answered them by his gibes and
ready repartee: having full permission to say what he pleased, even
should he cast reflections on H.I.M.’s sacred person.
‘Amongst the odalisques who happened to be present one
evening, was a tall Circassian of great beauty, with a graceful figure.
She was very lively, and in order to amuse the Sultan, had made pert
remarks about the admirable figure and handsome countenance of
the dwarf, thus giving rise to much merriment, in which the Sultan
Mahmud joined. Turning to the dwarf, H.I.M. said, “Now if you can
kiss Leila (the tall Circassian) she shall be your wife.”
‘The dwarf replied, “Can a dog reach the moon? Can a bramble
entwine the top of the lofty cypress?”
‘The Circassian continued to make fun of the dwarf, who
appeared to take no further thought of the Sultan’s words, though it
was observed he kept his eye on her tall figure.
‘Later in the evening, when the pipe which the Sultan was
smoking had to be renewed, Leila bent down for that purpose. In a
moment the dwarf, watching his opportunity, sprang up and kissed
her as she stooped. She struck him, and, in a volley of violent and
passionate language, implored the Sultan to punish him for his
insolence and outrage.
 ‘The dwarf exclaimed, “The Commander of the Faithful, the Sultan
of Sultans, has spoken. His word cannot be broken. I claim Leila for
my wife.”
‘The Sultan looked displeased; and, after a pause, with a severe
expression on his countenance, ordered the dwarf to leave the room;
then, turning to Leila, said, “Retire. Henceforth consider yourself the
wife of the dwarf. A dowry shall be given you, and the wedding shall
forthwith take place. Depart from my presence. I see you no more.”
‘The Circassian, as she left the room, turned towards the dwarf,
who was also about to withdraw, and cursed him, saying, “Monster!
The day will come when you will rue and bitterly repent your cruel
treachery.”
‘Leila duly became the wife of the dwarf. She drove about in her
“araba” through the streets of Pera, and, wearing a transparent
“yashmak” lowered to the chin, even entered the shops, and
conversed—when not observed—with Europeans. She visited the
studio of a French artist, by whom her portrait was painted in water-
colours, and of which she allowed copies to be taken to present to
favourite Franks with whom she became acquainted. Her conduct
became a source of great scandal, and was brought under the notice
of the Sultan.
‘H.I.M. said, “Let her be free to do what she pleases. I committed
a great injustice in giving her to the dwarf; but my word could not be
set aside.”’
The police officer having thus concluded his story, I inquired
where the French artist lived, and, calling on him, offered to
purchase a copy of the portrait. He told me he could not give it
without the consent of the wife of the dwarf. I then requested him to
let her know that the ‘Frank,’ one of the British Secretaries, of whom
she had requested the gift of a pin at the ‘Sweet Waters,’ begged for
her portrait. Her consent was thereupon given, on condition that I
should not show it to any one in Constantinople.
I paid a round sum for the water-colour, and on my return to
England, after Lord Ponsonby had resigned the post of Ambassador,
I gave the portrait of the beautiful Circassian to Lady Ponsonby—
from whom I had received great kindness—as a souvenir of
Constantinople.

* * * * *

Very extraordinary hours were kept at the Embassy: we rarely sat

down to dinner before 9.30, and frequently not till ten p.m. At eleven
o’clock Lord and Lady Ponsonby had a rubber of whist in which I
was always required to take a hand, it being thought I knew more
about the game than the other members of the Embassy. As his
Excellency required that Lady Ponsonby should be his partner, and
as that charming lady knew very little about the game, they almost
invariably lost.
After whist, Lord Ponsonby was wont to request one of the
attachés to remain and converse, and his Excellency would then
hold forth for hours upon events present and future, both in Turkey
and Egypt; foretelling much that has since happened to the ‘Sick
Man.’ One night, when it was my watch, and I had listened to his
Lordship until I nearly fell asleep and was conscious that dawn was
approaching, he rose, opened one of the blinds and said, ‘The sun is
rising. I think it is time, Mr. Hay, to go to bed. Have you followed and
understood my views upon the Eastern Question?’ I answered, I
had, to the best of my ability. ‘Then,’ said he, ‘have the goodness to
embody to-morrow in a memorandum all that you may have
retained.’ Observing that I looked aghast at having such a task
imposed upon me, he patted me on the shoulder and added, ‘Well,
well, don’t trouble yourself. Eat, drink, and sleep; the rest’s a joke.’
There was great charm in the manner of both Lord and Lady
Ponsonby, and they showed much kindness to all the members of
the Embassy. There was not one of us who would not have been
ready to make any sacrifice of time and pleasure to meet their
wishes.
Lord Ponsonby was not a wealthy peer, but his expenditure was
lavish as far as the table was concerned. Briant, a Frenchman, was
steward and head cook, and his wife was maid to Lady Ponsonby.
They received £400 a year between them for their services, but it
was well known by the members of the Embassy that Briant, during
the few years he had been at Constantinople, had been enabled to
deposit several thousand pounds in one of the banks at Pera,
levying a heavy percentage on everything that he purchased, wine
included, and some of which it was discovered he was in the habit of
selling to an hotel in Pera; so when any member of the Embassy
passed a night in the town and dined at the said hotel, he always
called for ‘Chateau Briant’! An old friend of Lord Ponsonby’s, who
remained for some months on a visit at the Embassy, hearing of the
scandalous manner in which Briant was accumulating money at the
bank, thought it would be a friendly act to make known to his
Lordship that which was in the mouth of every one—Briant’s system
of peculation. He did so. Lord Ponsonby thanked him for the
information and observed, ‘How much do you think Briant robs
annually and deposits in the bank?’
‘At least £1000 a year,’ his friend replied.
 ‘Pray,’ said Lord Ponsonby, ‘pray keep what has passed between
us most secret; I had thought Briant’s pilferings far exceeded that
sum. I would not, for double that amount, lose such an excellent
chef. Keep it secret, Mr. ———, keep it secret!’
Though he may not have possessed the brilliant talents of his
successor, the great ‘Elchi,’ Lord Ponsonby acted with much energy,
decision, and success in carrying out the views which he knew were
entertained by that most admirable of statesmen, Lord Palmerston,
regarding the Turkish Empire at the time when Mehemet Ali, backed
by France, was seeking to declare his independence, and to place
Egypt under the aegis of the latter power; to attain which object has
been, and is, the aim of France even up to the present day.
The Sultan, Abdul Mijid, and his Minister, Reshid Pasha, accepted
thankfully and unreservedly the dictum of Lord Ponsonby in all
questions—and as long as Palmerston was at the head of foreign
affairs, Lord Ponsonby carried out his views in the East without a
check, notwithstanding the vigorous opposition made by the French
Ambassador, Monsieur Pontet, and the constant threat that extreme
measures would be adopted by France under certain contingencies;
but when Lord Aberdeen came into power and sought to pursue a
conciliatory policy towards France, Lord Ponsonby received
dispatches, couched in a spirit which pointed out distinctly that he
should moderate his action in support of the Sultan against Mehemet
Ali’s pretensions. From private letters that Lord Ponsonby received
from friends at home, he knew more or less what was the tenor of
the instructions contained in those dispatches, so he did not break
the seals but continued to follow up vigorously the same policy as
before, until the object he had in view, viz., Mehemet Ali’s
submission to the Porte, was achieved, and then Lord Ponsonby
retired, or was required to retire.
 It happened one day that I was standing near the Ambassador at
his writing-table whilst he was giving me directions to convey a
message to an Armenian banker of the Porte, upon a monetary
question affecting the interests of the Turkish Government. He pulled
open the drawer of the table at which he was seated to get out a
paper, and I caught a glimpse of several sealed dispatches,
addressed to his Excellency, from the Foreign Office. Lord
Ponsonby, whilst closing the drawer, perceiving, as I suppose, an
expression of surprise on my face, looked up with a smile, and re-
opening the drawer, said, ‘You are astonished, Mr. Hay, at seeing
such a number of Foreign Office dispatches lying here unopened: so
am I!—for though I had certainly left in this drawer a few sealed
letters, they have since been breeding;’ adding, whilst he re-closed
the drawer, ‘Let them breed!’
Those were days when an Ambassador possessed extraordinary
powers, and could carry out a policy which he considered best for
the interests of his country, without allowing himself to be fettered by
the vacillating views of Government and be moved—as now
happens—like a puppet, by telegraph wires or other rapid means of
communication.
In pursuance of instructions received from Lord Ponsonby, I called
on the Armenian banker, before mentioned, at his private dwelling.
This was a beautiful house, fitted up in the same manner as was
then usual with Turks, for the Armenians of Constantinople at that
time adopted the Turkish mode of living. The Armenian women
veiled their faces and wore costumes similar to those of the
Mohammedans, except that their slippers were red, whereas those
used by Turkish females were yellow.
 After making known to the porter who I was, and that I had come
upon an errand from the Ambassador, the old banker came to meet
me, led me to a room set apart for receiving his guests, and seated
me on a luxurious divan. He was attired in a handsome Armenian
costume, wearing a black head-dress much like an inverted iron
cauldron.
A few moments after my arrival, a damsel of about seventeen—
daughter of the banker—set before me a ‘narghileh,’ and adroitly
placed between my lips the amber mouthpiece. I had never used a
‘narghileh’ or smoked ‘tumbaki,’ which is the form of tobacco
employed in that kind of pipe, and was glad to have an opportunity of
trying it, as presented to me by the Armenian maiden.
She was a pretty girl, with brilliant dark eyes, and features much
resembling those of a Jewess of Morocco. The Turkish costume,
with its yellow satin ‘shalvas’ or trousers, and the graceful shawl
which girded her waist, looked most picturesque and charming, and I
sank back on the cushions and gurgled my hubble-bubble with
satisfaction; whilst another pretty damsel, a younger sister, brought
in coffee, which she presented with a graceful bow.
The banker and I talked and puffed, drank coffee and sherbet,
and eat sweetmeats of all kinds which were brought to us in
succession. I felt happy, as if I had reached the seventh heaven of
the Mohammedan. Time slipped by very quickly. I had finished the
business of my mission when the old banker looked at his watch, put
aside his ‘narghileh’ and fidgeted a little, thus giving me clearly to
understand it would be convenient that I should leave. Much as I was
enjoying myself, I was also of the same opinion, and made an effort
to rise and get my feet to the ground—for I was seated cross-legged
on the divan—but could not move them; they seemed to be
paralysed. The banker, not knowing my state, and fancying perhaps
that my admiration for his pretty daughters had checked my
departure, told them rather roughly, when they again appeared
smiling and bringing more Turkish sweetmeats, that their presence
was no longer required, and then, looking once more at his watch,
he said most politely, and with profuse apologies, ‘I see the hour is
past at which I ought to present myself to the Porte.’
I made many excuses for not having taken my leave and told him,
with a nervous laugh, that I felt very strange sensations, but did not
know the cause; that on attempting to rise I found I had no control
over my legs, and could not remove them from the divan, feeling as
if my body did not belong to me. I added, ‘You can see however I am
not deprived of my senses.’ Could it be the effect of the narghileh—
which I had never smoked before—and that the tumbaki had
produced this extraordinary languor in my limbs, as it possibly
contained opium?
The Armenian appeared much amused on hearing of my helpless
state. He assisted me from the divan, supporting me while I tried to
walk, and finding that I could not do so, a daughter was summoned
to fetch some cordial, which the maiden, with an expression of mirth,
brought and administered. Having taken this and rested awhile, I
regained the use of my legs. The banker, on my taking leave,
expressed repeatedly his regret that I should have suffered any
inconvenience from the effects of the narghileh, and added that were
not his presence required at the Porte he would have insisted on my
remaining at his house to rest for that night at least.
About a year or more after this incident, when Sir Stratford
Canning had replaced Lord Ponsonby as Ambassador, a fancy ball
was given by Lady Canning at the Embassy at Pera, and I was
requested by her Ladyship to take the lead and the direction of the
dancing. I was dressed in Highland costume, and had selected for
my partner in the cotillon the daughter of the Armenian banker
mentioned in this story. In those days Armenian ladies rarely mixed
in European society, but she had been permitted on this special
occasion to appear at the ball at the Embassy, accompanied by her
father. She was beautifully dressed in the ancient Armenian
costume, was certainly the belle of the evening, and waltzed like a
sylph, so made a perfect partner for one who loved dancing as I did,
and we led the various figures in the cotillon with great spirit. Our
conversation was carried on in Turkish, which I spoke fluently.
Whilst we danced I observed that one of the Turkish Ministers,
who was present at the ball, took every opportunity of coming close
to where I happened to halt with my partner; gazing at her rudely, as
I thought, especially as she was a shy and modest girl.
At last, when the cotillon was drawing to a close, the Pasha came
up to us smiling and said, ‘Pekkei, pekkei’ (very good). ‘You are
suited to each other. She is “chok ghazal” (very pretty), and you are
a well-favoured youth. You must marry her: she will have money; you
have position. My friend the banker will consent; I am pleased.’ And
so the old fellow rattled on, much to my dismay and to the confusion
of the pretty Armenian maiden.
I remonstrated courteously with the old Minister, saying, ‘My
partner is very beautiful, but we have not thought of love or marriage,
for we are of different nations and creeds. Moreover, she would not
accept me as a candidate for wedlock, even if I offered myself; but I
shall always look back with pleasure to this evening when I have
been honoured by having such a lovely partner for this dance.’
 ‘Ah,’ said the Pasha, ‘she is, I know, the daughter of the banker. I
will speak to him and arrange matters, for I should like to make you
both happy.’
Luckily the time had come for me to bring the cotillon to a close;
so, bowing to the meddling old gentleman, I carried off my partner to
her father, telling her how vexed I felt; for she must have suffered
great annoyance from the foolish language held by the Pasha. The
fair Armenian replied, very shyly and prettily, that she did not think he
had said anything from malice, so she hoped I would forgive, as she
had done, his remarks. To this I readily agreed, and leading her back
to where her father the banker was standing I took my leave, and
never met again the pretty Armenian.
 CHAPTER V.

CONSTANTINOPLE WITH SIR STRATFORD CANNING. 1841.

Sir Stratford Canning succeeded Lord Ponsonby as

Ambassador in 1841. He arrived at Constantinople on board a
Government steamer, and all the members of the Embassy
presented themselves on the arrival of his Excellency. These were
Charles Bankhead, Secretary of Embassy, Percy Doyle, Charles
Alison, and myself; Lord Napier and Ettrick, William Maule,
Mactavish, and Count Pisani, keeper of the archives, besides the
elder Pisani (Etienne). Robert Curzon, afterwards Lord Zouche,
accompanied his Excellency as private secretary.
The fame of Sir Stratford for severity towards his subordinates
had preceded him, and we all felt sad at the loss of our late chief, the
kind and courteous Lord Ponsonby, and at the prospect of being
ruled with an iron hand.
Sir Stratford inquired of Doyle as to the method employed in the
conduct of business at the Chancery. He replied that office hours
were from eleven till half-past three, but that Lord Ponsonby allowed
the gentlemen of the Embassy to attend at, or leave, the Chancery
when they pleased, so long as the work was done efficiently. Sir
Stratford said that such an irregular way of conducting business
would not suit him and that he should appoint one of the gentlemen
to hold the key of the archives, to receive the dispatches and letters
and come to him for orders every morning. Then, turning towards us,
he added, ‘I am not acquainted personally with any one of you, and
therefore have no ground for selection, but I choose Mr. Hay.’
Gladness flashed across the faces of the other attachés, and,
when out of hearing of the great Elchi, they chaffed me by saying,
‘You are the smallest, so his Excellency thinks he can get the better
of you if there is a row!’
When we arrived at the Embassy, which was at that time at
Buyukdere, I was summoned, and was directed by the Ambassador
to take possession of the key of the archives and not to allow any
one to have access to, or to see, the dispatches which might be
received from, or written to, the Secretary of State on political
subjects, and that I should be held responsible if anything of
importance transpired. Sir Stratford told me his reason for making
this arrangement was that an attaché, at one of the Missions he had
held, had by foolish indiscretion betrayed the contents of an
important dispatch to a member of a foreign Legation. He directed
that I should myself copy all dispatches of importance to the
Secretary of State and give out the rest of the work to the other
attachés.
I made known to the Secretary of Embassy, Bankhead, and to the
attachés, the instructions I had received. They were indignant—it
appeared to me with good reason—that they were not to be trusted;
especially Bankhead, who remonstrated and said he considered he
had a right to see all the dispatches to and from the Foreign Office,
and therefore should pay no attention to the Ambassador’s
directions. I replied that, having told them the orders I had received,
they were free to act as they thought fit and that I was not going to
be a Cerberus, but suggested that they should remonstrate with Sir
Stratford and not with me.
 Sir Stratford seems to have been satisfied with his selection of Mr.
Hay as his confidential attaché, for shortly after he writes in a note
dated from Buyukdere to Mr. Hay at the Embassy, ‘I have welcomed
your first communication to me in writing. All quite clear. Everything
necessary, nothing superfluous.’

In 1843, the British Consul at Broussa laid before the Ambassador

complaints against the Pasha of the district where he resided, and
the latter had also brought under the notice of the Porte grievances
of a serious character, alleged to have been suffered from the
proceedings of the Consul. Attempts were made by both the Porte
and the Ambassador to bring about a settlement of the differences
but without success. British subjects, Ionians, and Turks whose
interests were affected by this state of affairs, appealed to the
Embassy and to the Porte, urging that steps should be taken to
secure the ends of justice.
Sir Stratford Canning proposed to the Porte that an officer of the
Embassy should be sent to Broussa to make an inquiry into the
conduct of the two functionaries, and that he should be empowered
both by the Porte and the Ambassador to bring about a settlement of
these differences, which had been a constant source of vexatious
correspondence.
Sir Stratford selected me for this duty, and delivered to me letters
from the Porte to the Pasha and from himself to the Consul,
acquainting them respectively that I had been authorised to inquire
into the various questions at issue, and to endeavour to bring about
a settlement.
Accompanied by a Greek servant, who knew the country and
could act as guide, I embarked in a steamer which took us to a port
where we hired horses and proceeded to Broussa.
 Both the Consul and Pasha, on my arrival, offered me hospitality,
which I declined under the peculiar circumstances in which I was
placed by my mission.
The day after my arrival the Pasha summoned a Divan of several
local notables, who were to give evidence, and the Consul was also
requested to attend.
When I entered the Divan, being then a youth of about twenty-six,
I was much shocked at seeing that the Pasha, Consul, and other
notables—upon whom I had, as it were, to sit in judgment—were
men with white and hoary beards and of a venerable appearance.
After pipes and coffee, the hearing of the various subjects in
dispute commenced. Though I refer to this scene, as it affects the
end of my tale, it is needless to relate what passed, further than to
mention that I found both Pasha and Consul were in the wrong, but
that neither had acted in a manner to require any severe censure on
the part of the Porte or Ambassador, and I drew up a report in that
sense. On my return journey to the port, having heard that game was
plentiful, I gave my horse to the Greek to lead and wandered over
the country. I had good sport; and the Greek frequently warned me
that unless we kept to the beaten path and rode on quickly, we
should not be able to reach the port before dark.
Continuing however to shoot, I wandered after game many miles
from the road, or rather track, until it became so dark that I could no
longer see the birds rise. On remounting, I told the Greek to lead the
way, but he declined; he knew not where we were, nor even what
direction to take. It was a bright clear night, and at a distance of
about two miles I espied a light; thither I decided to direct our steps
and to ask for shelter for the night, or for a guide.