B 0200CHT202122301 Pages: 3

Reg No.:_______________ Name:__________________________

APJ ABDUL KALAM TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY
Fourth Semester B.Tech Degree (S, FE) Examination January 2024 (2019 Scheme)

Course Code: CHT202

Course Name: CHEMICAL ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS
Max. Marks: 100 Duration: 3 Hours

PART A
(Answer all questions; each question carries 3 marks) Marks

1 Distinguish between open and closed systems using one example for each. (3)
2 Explain the limitations of the first law of thermodynamics. (3)
3 Define Helmholtz free energy. Explain its significance. (3)
4 Differentiate between gas and vapour. (3)
5 State and explain the Lewis-Randall rule. (3)
6 Differentiate between activity and activity coefficient. (3)
7 Boiling point diagram at a higher pressure lie above that at a lower pressure. (3)
Justify.
8 Write any two activity coefficient models, mentioning one application for each. (3)
9 Write and explain the relation between the conversion of limiting reactant and the (3)
extent of reaction.
10 Explain the effect of temperature on equilibrium composition. (3)
PART B
(Answer one full question from each module, each question carries 14 marks)

Module -1
11 a) Starting from the first law of thermodynamics, derive an expression for the (10)
maximum velocity attained by a fluid flowing through a nozzle. State the
assumptions clearly.
b) Differentiate between reversible and irreversible processes. (4)
12 a) Calculate the molal entropy of fusion and vaporisation of ethyl alcohol which melts (8)
at 158.8K and boils at 351.5K. The latent heat of fusion and vaporisation are 108
kJ/kg and 855 kJ/kg respectively.
b) Write the Clausius and Kelvin-Planck statements. (6)

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Module -2
13 a) One kmol of a gas occupies a volume of 0.452 m3 at 328 K. Compare the pressures (8)
calculated by
(a) ideal gas equation
(b) van der Waals equation
Take the van der Waals constants to be a = 0.462 Nm4/mol2 and b = 3.42 x 10–5
m3/mol.
b) Define fugacity. Derive an expression for estimating fugacity of a pure gas using (6)
residual volume.
14 a) Obtain the expression of Joule Thomson coefficient in terms of specific heat and (10)
coefficient of volume expansion. Also, prove that Joule Thomson coefficient for
an ideal gas is equal to zero.
b) What are derived properties? Give two examples. (4)
Module -3
15 Prove that if Henry’s law is obeyed by component 1 in a binary solution over a (14)
certain concentration range, Lewis–Randall rule (Raoult’s law) will be obeyed by
component 2 over the same concentration range.
16 a) Define chemical potential. (4)
b) The volume of a mixture of two organic liquids 1 and 2 is given by (10)
V = 110.0 - 17 x1 - 2.5x12 where V is the volume in m3/mol at 1.0 bar and 300 K.
Find the expressions for 𝑉̅1 , 𝑉̅2 .
Module -4
17 Define azeotrope. With proper phase diagrams distinguish between minimum and (14)
maximum boiling azeotropes.
18 a) Liquids A and B form an azeotrope containing 46.1 mole percent A at 101.3 kPa (10)
and 345 K. At 345 K the vapour pressure of A is 84.8 kPa and that of B is 78.2
kPa. Calculate the van Laar constants.
b) State and explain the phase rule for non-reacting systems. (4)
Module -5
19 a) Derive the relation between equilibrium constant and standard free energy change. (10)
b) Comment on the thermodynamic feasibility of a reaction. (4)
20 a) The following reaction takes place at 450 K and 1 bar: (10)
𝐶𝑂 (𝑔) + 2𝐻2 (𝑔) ↔ 𝐶𝐻3 𝑂𝐻 (𝑔)

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The standard heat of formation of CO (g) and CH3OH (g) at 298 K are –110500
J/mol and –200700 J/mol respectively. The standard free energies of formation are
–137200 J/mol and –162000 J/mol respectively.
Determine the equilibrium constant at the given condition assuming that the heat
of reaction is constant in the given temperature range.
b) Explain the effect of presence of inert materials on equilibrium composition. (4)
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