JS-o-23

Histary
l665 Robust Hoske sbasued ynst

1646sdntanie Van. lsauenhak ohesud

3)133|Robt Bsaun discauend puolaud

1832 -’ Mathis ohloider /Chasuman Bstt
wcamnd,
that all lata ae made uh.all
|339’Thaadae dhuann(Bsh
ercanired animal lla and zealajst
blls had thin etis daesahastad that
lataeall
-1339

b)lJo
untt
the badic
 kRoest Heake- Siseaued daad, call (cerk ad)
Robest Bsan- Siosvsed Naaeuk
*oahest Koch- Crave gumtheasy isa

13SS Rudal) Vischaut He gawe QmiA

asial yam sa- existing cel.
Modern Cell theory 155)

ALalle auia. yam se eocisting calls.

Ghake'
T h e a nbe dia -ibe
PolyganalL
Calna
lubaidaL
Theead-Jike

RACsuaulak (Raund) Biianeae

BC Sraagadak (drnasbad )
Calunae Bhthlialalle Lang d Nassau
Neue lill ’ Branahed ddang
Beachaids Elanatd Nets: The aha
the ce vate
Mesahgylla Raund Qal
 baund
Munbene Icha
than
Moue Meman haund
-memhtane
Non
(-S00 Lneah
nt.
Nuoleae
nuelaus chhanaseneh
liada
4ine
indiamt
Bound Ánt boundll sent.
Memhane bQurd
NucleaMemban
Aalodlod abntt
Nuleals abint
Qganelle menhsane
Nn-
Membxane
bakwyatio Lo'NAJ tos
9ack
9)
ata
Mievsieal
Scarning
lessan
MiesAe
lm ’Artan
Von
laeuanhoste M
da Ineaians Ban
MictoscohHookeRuta.lestsn
ngth m
diamctae
.1
RBC Robavct+ Taram
um
allargestll) rall Seani
in 0.2
body d
un
hunan to oscohe SEM
- EM-
TEM
Q2
allin Micr Nhevaea 3T
RBC Oo
u- urd
Smallit Size Human yNeue rto Eksar
Co
*
6) 3)
 Nen.wallclklais ell
nganuals and.
Qutstnest Glyeacalye<it
Aratai
Matakid Mdle el wall
Qnnese (ol Memban

Kingdam Marnaba LAGrA, Ringdon bsisa

Bactn. yMyoaflamay Kingha ng llata Evnginatian
PeLo)
FMesosame
Chamatalhe Embsae

Pladid (esetoa ANA Notei Cell enunlh ast as a

utdthe
genomio DNA
Cell Menbans Galyco caly Polysacaside uatin
inaiatannen fodlsall
Thic Kn es9 -Qnthe
toadvengle single visaular DNA
Lnaked gntie Calande
Cytoplam Thin
) Rigid.
esdcamast
Moue
 Cell9)
trmyinatian t temakle
Fally Baui *
CelWall ECF=
ntasta' Membrane
cytalasm
allAthe
-Extensis0 tian Exta
-Fensian wath
ttal
outaida llalan
s
ana Eid(
asna wold
menbiani auhant
munbone aenhonmenE tatonel
auaide (heeaue't
int

tiviaa
Evnginatan
Mendsane
lasma. ExamplChkomataþhores
es gauaginati¡n Funstiars Araginatsn Mesosemes Chamleon
Akincal
*

f'oations
Modi
Reahitiana) - hae
ealpnon yPushle
bastia. s astasdi a a
Cyonobateia ONA DNA Cell
4t ahliestisn. lana, ehaataha
lana
inleadeddistibatan wlal
Membsane
memkanl tomatian.
Ca
GA the
s
dautt
a
aea
al
 $- adinatation ato
2l-o6-23 Rebosomg 9 (Coakasatia)
- (5 nm X 20nm
eyenand Sige
Sos
305 5aS
bad

Pasca J Filamast, tonthatanurt am

HooK
adinyle
BeSal body When many saadamid ae attached to
Lagahame /Polyrihasome
Prtt
Nawlaxaluk
No seate in mottlty RA 3yothesis
Elongated thulastuetise mRNA - messanges
Madi e atin lio " tRNA-ban
bn
Firbsae Central oo4me
motility ONA mRNA loatin
Hehs to ottaah tobubtiatu
Tolyso me..
Polyso me tsanlat the mRNA Ssta atin
 4
Examhla They They
dytm.
bacteaa
ypes of ae aseeSnalaaian
bodies
natbaund HeAUL
badsia
tidayen Menbssns
elasna (BuAsnt e
Cyno natal
GHlyacasgun as
ghanul boanal
Phahhat
Vhenslo bhy by
n cean ony
otisa
troam hatatatiehhat
tae
granued. menbsana
in
a

thoknm
80 Remain
Ouden Mesosomes
mdodns calatbu

blae
fuannt atan BaatniaTahnku.
Alttainngam

bsert 4) Tanthaset
btw
4 9)
deas Oo
o-o not
te tetain
ayatviaaltl
aminnt
20
bl
colaut
 maloauled Hem@aslale
Seeandasy lae.
LA
Pestin
wndaAicable ’r
rta
Aeanday
-tamattutge OsAurthÀmad a
ta Gallastanes
lstin al
basies Compontian.a Se
Psaude aFungi
T
Contraome
Ont(
MTOC
+)
Many
atagi all
hlat taonal
tal
Lasy 2ngat
lanta00aio
Tbulagarising haisnt d
stsastise.dama
ak Meaha
n VaoualeA
nalloe
ofhasatua sigid
micna Animal
A.N Centaam
Ot am
Plastd
t ing
MTOC- Found
an
hal abaarit
Prsto
Non-
*
 * Ani mal Cenent u hyal oronic ald

Comhaitionooddle lamella Call Menyane

lalls called. lant enut)a 4t a dem hesumaable memsane
Kralld Rska inthuis e- mioaeahe

cet RBC menbsane is bambaeda d

Flstin
Memr
-Seonday Casitsoytt
allatam
Cell tott
elt-2 Functiand a ell Menbsane
They centsal the exchange kty thyl and. te
exteunal anuianment.
inida the call
They make Aahaxat amasctnentkeactian
hich aueaheea n ntabalia
PLAS MO OESMATA ehioh eanniotk agas
They act aba Reshtas fou estal tiule
ptASMOOESNATA They ae

They allas Aolastit exchare alnatuial bts the

adjainlag alla
They haue wtin asiess maleeuled hehish lsind A
Cortns ell wale ntnutod. by
mint haks antled ad lhimadnata
aaen yeanalinnd
PLAS Mo OESMATA
btw Oisirg
 Thseae Easilitatad
Natei Posins tsatinsdhsagh
to Iyhes badua ad,
hasd -
lassiese Bet of heoh- bath
tnough NEET -
lar deolasu hauethis
ti er
in acliats
bgh s-
tustain
th baotia kratein
heqyid.
cessFastbt'aATP No id.
a Gemi bi-layes
agasd
oungnctis
,
her Mdaehandias
Altoeng oise
laur mable
thecone, the
cane. tisg be natal
memáBan&. mumbsang
CARRIER
ghadient maleulu haloa

ndahndant When Mavement Antborti

Symport
duastion
dame Taa
A the A A
B maleauled
malole
s of
athe dylundmt twa
A
mas malecules
molceueacHasd arAing
in th
th abbasite
membkane
mmbiane

direGion
inthe
 OGmosis The moremtnt of sahent fwster) from
the tegion
concc tatothe
tegien oe their high con region of thei t bwet RER SER
Canc. throvgh aemi- het me abe membrane.
Rough Endadaaria seticlum Smosth ndghlai
otanlam
Endo mem branc stem 1Smasth beaiae
This dytam foeluds sichamed med.
Endoalaima soiols
tala bad
yso aomes
Vecuoles ttien.

Note Thea aut suanllha tathse yentan Saa Atoodal honaned

Coodnatd manne
Extenie d . Lies wathin the
cytajlaam.
Endeblamie Retieutm menakaant
Netasok. Rtieulum' tny tebulase tustiL
>RER
ER
Drvides into two compart ments
Luntnal Extra
uninal
Tnside the E.R Seytoblasm (NEET20lo)
 Funtiand
Cisternae
Braukda, mechanial bhastmithis co
Sataelala
Fonatiad
exchang
Nueleae Membtane. Cis face TRANS FACE
FoLmatan oli bediea, lyso so mes and mictoblei bouatsan
Grolgi bodis Fosming Fau Matusiny Fao
Twen gasen by d tdsd ly Camilo
la
Galgi (1 89)
teudtae neax Tbuanda the nueleae Taund the
Membrane lasa menb
uelie membne
at

Both a Gatiely doust

Notei Mutile istia
aaoh otthe
hanallalt but tuannestid

Odisehasyed
Velol
Functiand
Packaging matruia tns tngymek

a Within the cell Snada

-face Gistenge he target cell
b) Outside the ell tothe
targetcel
RER ha. dbasames whih hgdues aattn
aHe t ta masing Jacet
Cti and thon olA
 * DNA ard RNA aHL nucleic acid.

Fureiany -
Estrinsic
tuatin)
lats ntan Aaajbagy iystian, alL
Faunatisn Acrosome Shem heady oAutals Clulas dignstian thatg hy
Fosnatian Lysos0 me the cell.

6060ME Endablaamia
whieh Lysosomes' akided
Membane bound ea?s
RER ond CERL Hahes lysosOme
hauauju
enzymés. aidle hjdkolytic digestkile
4Ae mat So tyht enzymes Lysosome
diges ve enzynes
Lihas es
J Prorteoses
S Cabo hydrase
NucleaSes
20-96- 23 acuote
AlL the abaye entyaes Membsane baund (Tonoplast)
aucajae Bussnt in Cgta plasm
Has uoats txcdany, badt and calaot
Comboaitionof cal sah
Aedie p ganie ed - Oeco2
Pigmute, Waste mtt
h mstabalic ubatanced
 tyas Contractile
Food Vaçuole Vaeuale
hase Notei-
mave
iant
Vacuole
Metaliebo Mtt
valn
cll.the
\acuole
a Vacuol
yhes eof Planto
- vsell
24s6s Bunt cenehigh
sa ad inaide hare
Prstist) natint
and inhm0eaba,)Eyerdion
in the' iauale
provide
Buskasyota
nitarta-[hae
the aeuale
"hlh Caneetahu ahieh
buoy9ney..
in hghLow toATP
Osrnangulatian
the by
seeuhy
djestian ghadierct the
hinasal cane
goo

Pastiale
Fi
Mtochoadria
At
fo
ATPase
ox1s0mes
-ds

Ylamentauy
gh tatk stngt
citut
tosti kohandia
DNAtbasene409 QutocMenhseane
-Ceaataa
Partail enbu,
 tt Mettaahisatian
tix 9tud
babomed
0NASun t hhyiolaal No.
disdsa Naxtmam
s s vasies
contains also a
hy Aemiatahamaud
fiion natti tan
uehctia
-) iallad fligt
sibosomu4as
4:
call
(Anitoss moleelen
RNA_Feus
actites to
ingle mustles
midshandeal
PaS
lly
bsoaus athe
) iela aliode
hause dehanda
t ll
DNA atheJantian hast uhen

ahot Qnthe TpucgplChnamahdaat

Amylo Colauluat aiCanat
t inaida ’eajhyll (genn) These
Calorahlast Plastda
anloesert
the
þlast badis eigpmart aue
LXathophyll
y in
’’ theyAtau
the
a thutabsk, llant
Bratin Caubshydita, Casatint
Yellow y
uAAnt
ataed Canatr&ds
(Taing
Pstata) ll(Nemibientsy
Magnion
( a
in d
Maize) ntásts
ad thylakadaiuglarsida Phabon.
SolublFote. phatany
taxsh it
t
tavah
 Chlarahlast stssmenbsone
Membs
Store- stantal Ahaatus

Menbrne
Chlorahlast haue this susn gntio Ayatum
-stiama (haue
(haueen 8-date Lds UNA)RN
Thytakédt (Amins Aidy) tboaamyny
Thylakadt wmen
Thus Alasllaats ia ealled ad Seriaaatanos
faylaki ganalle a thell.
fcain
t03 Jübstomt
Tbyk hojd CAathnad embsandae]
nn hallow shas inThyllakaidy Jiacand. by Guasye Paladi |gs3)
Chasued undese Elontson Mierescahe
Goanula Atiaustas
Puut n byuan lart un MEGOPHYIl ells
ot the laa in the guased nlla ctanata they hae RNA and heatein
tens shahe Mermbrane leadtustue
Shahot shae
tspherieat shabe ossubnit
Euk
20S
+Diseoidshahee
Ribbon IiKe Soç S-Sedintatian os bos
RNAMRNA
Size - length S-lo AM S- Sued bug unt
Widt- E2-4 Am Poly ribas om e
Ng. -
4 in Chlmydo ngngs n dpa)
2-40 hes dill of Meso Bhyll
 hehiaton Mae atin histan lass
asti
anctily
MOLe mae
ARK D Ai chsamatin Wiomatin
hate
caledand LIGHT yiay byienhiamatin Tuum 2)
hick
dedContsto thin SFConitagtt
ndtia Rubahuanatin
Mammal Many a
mamhianu Mouemeat
nuleud ithatt Alla Matise uan by
Fomad
shaai
Jloinuease
esis. RNA Ribasomal yeedotie Sit
Atugase desdMembane siholarsd ERC foms Sdltinst
memnbsana auta - labaatd
nuelealadm heeta fENuaalas -extindsd
Contant aliahlen
Nucleshlaam in
C'uant atin
Ghhusiealstustan choamatn
ailayz.
Naebolu
Nuebaud
haue lamna Cameland Marnmala- K
Eluid
 Rehliaata iidat S ONA
3

- Suga Perta sc)

hae J Nitrogeno us base
ANA mNA " ONA tRNA NA

byinidine
Pusine

A Citabin Uoaait Thyne

Adaine huane

CHRO MOSoMES Nacbestide PO, Nuoleside,

RNA
is made uho ONA-Acidie DNA
table
+RNA Basia aotuse
Histone
Bsstin E
yhs chvangbanyd
Euhchbsnabe
LNon -Astene Hy, {on basis
satins LHelbnergmatin
 AttoTolocandis
Taninal, -2chuamatits
tttha
being Acsdla
may Chromosome shebad
tatuuste strude enthe
anto
Telome
oatuarad
ho
a
Human tdise
2ch8malidt theerd
ihetochote
Cemt
romere
in
absat ASL

is
Telecut
Stegdauy
Constriction

Pasum
Aleordasuy cantiaan - t anleas
oganilny dugianNOR whih aefeas
in Nesan 13,19Sy2y22
SAT chsamaameA fatalt hastO
hamaame Qonain
chomaane Aatalta
Cytoskeleton
stnaiauh tuste

lhey au
Funtan Mechanica duhast
Sahe luakde dhaeto the .
t motitytocomst-ton

Thee ane tis tya o Cytos keleton

Microf l¡ment
Lmiereubeles

Micro fitament
Long ad shahe., 4o to SoA in thiakness
 Woud's ostat abenio anhyasas
Braunian Zig Zag, Movement (Rantam] t Wasldá mat ahundat Enye RUB RuBis Co
MQvemet Pailnthetam
Ditelbutad. thaughaut the antahlan PeHorihones
3 Cenjasd cantasti yotincled AcTIN. They hau hautxal sridatise ergymes
a Pasadase.
Ab) Catalaa ( Woscld's Faste deeard Eataat
2H,40
{haunleaa
Mictotubules
BULIN. an Phataxahiatan inlewed
Cemjad. a castsatil teatén alled T U
a) Thuy hel in Cz Pathuny
Body ta attde a the ale
uAet anly in yat ioh lartdl.
Micro bodie s t anta a te eabahydnatea
Thy ae menbrane baund ssiganalles
lsuAst beth in tadt nimal
SphetosomES
Theae ase the main it a iid taage d
diynthisa n planta .
Ttansos6 meg
sphaero somes
TassosomeS Ceneened wictt \tellbgen&sis.
 (Joublat misstbe
Soublut tin
B-A oonasnmo
lona

lot hoath
cectal
Rodiaahae

Radial Eentheatha
 Qangunt

humes
(ia
Ngtnekt,
ooall
mhle t Auxand
ld. Janth
S-20 m
Ctlia Se=

bo

Ka
Cha

ALnne M

Cellmaement looum
n Flaglla

Roiatoy
ga9LThe DscatanMouement
dstuen(H
GARJ=whee
Centuial
longada
haalel
Aconeme"udle to
piesatbles
suning

entfort
ent

9+0 ddubt
-Cnle ata et Pscotinaandantomeso
s ATPaedscismakul
bnding
Radia
inke
A
Cetuasn == Centsadheke tlntriale
The Cytahlasm
dandingtta
Centual

Centiala ae two cylindrcal AtRustanea

The dhahe id last - whal

by contia.
alao
samtiale.