MPLS, which stands for Multiprotocol Label Switching, is a technology used to route data traffic

across networks. Unlike traditional routing that relies on IP addresses, MPLS uses "labels" to
direct data packets along predetermined paths.

Here's a breakdown of how MPLS works:

 Labels: MPLS assigns a short label to each data packet. This label identifies the path the
packet should take through the network, rather than the packet's final destination.
 MPLS network: MPLS operates at a layer between Layer 2 (data link) and Layer 3
(network) of the OSI model, often referred to as Layer 2.5. It leverages features from
both layers for efficient data transport.
 Benefits: MPLS offers several advantages over traditional routing:
o Faster performance: By pre-defining paths and using labels, MPLS reduces the
time routers spend looking up destinations, leading to faster data delivery.
o Scalability: MPLS can efficiently handle large and complex networks.
o Traffic prioritization: MPLS allows prioritizing specific types of traffic,
ensuring critical data gets delivered smoothly.
o Security: MPLS can be used to create private and secure connections within a
network.

Analogy: Imagine a delivery network. Traditional routing would be like giving each package a
complete address. MPLS is like pre-assigning routes to different destinations and labeling
packages accordingly. This simplifies sorting and delivery for the network.

MPLS is commonly used by businesses and service providers to create private wide area
networks (WANs) for reliable and efficient data transfer.