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Servitization and Physical Asset Management
Front Matter
eISBN: 978-0-7680-9488-6
DOI: 10.4271/R-479
Servitization and Physical Asset Management
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Copyright permission was sought by the publisher for the use of the
images used in this book, but where this was not possible and
amendments are required, arrangements will be made at the earliest
opportunity.
Neither the publisher nor the author have any responsibility for the
persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet
websites referred to in this publication and do not guarantee that
any content on such websites is, or will remain, relevant, accurate or
appropriate.
preface
Since the mid-1980s (and before that, if you count involvement in
the thermodynamic simulation and analysis of Rolls-Royce plc’s large
civil aircraft engines), the author has been involved in the creation
and development of a number of novel engineering and business
methodologies that underpin physical asset management.
The author has also applied several of the analysis and visualization
techniques developed for processing aeroengine data to manage his
own health, bringing his weight and blood pressure under control
and increasing his general fitness and well-being.
Alex, if I simply told you what to do, ultimately you would fail.
You have to gain the understanding for yourself in order to
make [things] work.
Michael Provost
Bramcote, Nottinghamshire, UK
December 2018
acknowledgments
The author could not have done this alone; many people, too
numerous to mention, at Rolls-Royce plc, Data Systems and
Solutions Ltd., Cranfield University, Bombardier Transportation, and
Intelligent Energy Ltd. have helped him over the last four decades.
The author has been very privileged over the years to meet a wide
cross section of current and potential customers, suppliers, and
competitors of Rolls-Royce, Bombardier Transportation, and
Intelligent Energy during his working life, as well as other external
organizations that interact with these companies. The list is a long
and varied one: airlines, airframers, representatives from military
and government organizations, technical committees, train builders
and operators, automotive manufacturers, consultants, academics,
journalists, trade show attendees, etc. from all over the world and at
all levels, from the most powerful minister, chairman, and chief
engineer to the most humble (but hugely important…) mechanic at
the “sharp end” of the operation. The author thanks each and every
one of them for providing him with new perspectives and challenges
and forcing him to think beyond the narrow confines of
thermodynamic and mathematical analysis.
There are a large number of very able experts in the field of asset
management across the world that have created an incredible body
of knowledge on all aspects, from wide-ranging business strategy to
the details of effective lubrication. References to many of them
appear throughout the book: thanks go to them for what they have
contributed. Readers are urged to refer what they have to say
directly, rather than relying on the author’s summaries.
Thanks are also due to those who graciously gave permission to use
their figures and other material in the book, as well as to the authors
of the references and websites who between them have created a
very large body of knowledge and understanding that has been and
continues to be a huge source of inspiration to all. The author hopes
that his efforts have done them justice.
Finally, Sheila, Nicholas, and Simon have put up with a husband and
father too often distracted during evenings and weekends by the
demands of creating and developing asset management ideas and
techniques for planes, trains, clean energy, and human health.
Thanks and sorry…
The author offers his gratitude to them and others too numerous to
mention who have helped him over the years. Any errors and
misunderstandings that have crept into this work are his, not theirs.
Association Aéronautique et
AAAF
Astronautique de France
AAD Advanced Anomaly Detection
AAKR Auto Associative Kernel Regression
AC Alternating Current
ACMS Aircraft Condition Monitoring System
ADVISOR® ADvanced VehIcle SimulatOR
AEA Technology (formerly Atomic
AEAT
Energy Authority)
AI Artificial Intelligence
American Institute of Aeronautics and
AIAA
Astronautics
Association Internationale de
AISM
Signalisation Maritime
AM Asset Management
Asset Management & Maintenance
AMMJ
Journal
APM Asset Performance Management
AeroSpace and Defence Industries
ASD
Association of Europe
American Society for Engineering
ASEE
Education
American Society of Mechanical
ASME
Engineers
Advanced Uncertain Reasoning
AURA
Architecture
BB Broadband (vibration)
BI Business Intelligence
British Institute of Non-Destructive
BINDT
Testing
Breakdown (reactive/run-to-failure)
BM
Maintenance
BRIC Brazil, Russia, India, China
BSI British Standards Institution
CAA Civil Aviation Authority
CAD Computer-Aided Design
Center for Advanced Life Cycle
CALCE
Engineering
CBM Condition-Based Maintenance
CBR Case-Based Reasoning
CDS Controls and Data Services
CFA Contracting For Availability
CFAR Constant False Alarm Rate
CHP Combined Heat and Power
CM Condition Monitoring
CM Corrective Maintenance
Computerized Maintenance
CMMS
Management System
CMO Collaborative Market Orientation
COndition Monitoring and Performance
COMPASS™
Analysis Software System
CRoss-Industry Standard Process for
CRISP-DM
Data Mining
CRM Customer Relationship Management
Distributed Aircraft Maintenance
DAME
Environment
DC Direct Current
DCF Discounted Cash Flow
DES Discrete Event Simulation
DFA Design For Availability
DFM Design For Maintainability
DFR Design For Reliability
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Luft- und
DGLR
Raumfahrt
DNV Det Norsk Veritas
DS&S Data Systems and Solutions
EAM Enterprise Asset Management
EASA European Aviation Safety Agency
EHM Engine Health Monitoring
EIU Economist Intelligence Unit
Engineering and Physical Sciences
EPSRC
Research Council
ERP Enterprise Resource Planning
ESP Engine Simulation Program
ESRC Economic and Social Research Council
ETSU Energy Technology Support Unit
EV Electric Vehicle
FAA Federal Aviation Administration
FMEA Failure Modes and Effects Analysis
Failure Modes, Effects, and Criticality
FMECA
Analysis
FORTRAN FORmula TRANslation
Failure Reporting, Analysis, and
FRACAS
Corrective Action System
Group of Association of Manufacturers
GAMBICA of British Instruments, Control and
Automation
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GE General Electric
Global Forum on Maintenance & Asset
GFMAM
Management
GMT Greenwich Mean Time
GPC Geometric Process Control
HAT Hub of All Things
HBR Harvard Business Review
Hybrid Optimization Model for Electric
HOMER
Renewables
HUMS Health and Usage Monitoring System
IAC Integral Asset Care
International Association of Marine Aids
IALA to Navigation and Lighthouse
Authorities
IAM Institute of Asset Management
intelligent Asset Performance
iAPM
Management
ICE Institution of Civil Engineers
Information and Communication
ICT
Technologies
International Electrotechnical
IEC
Commission
Institution of Electrical Engineers (now
IEE Institution of Engineering and
Technology)
Institute of Electrical and Electronics
IEEE
Engineers
Institution of Engineering and
IET Technology (formerly Institution of
Electrical Engineers)
IIoT Industrial Internet of Things
IMechE Institution of Mechanical Engineers
IoT Internet of Things
International Society of Engineering
ISEAM
Asset Management
ISO International Standards Organisation
IT Information Technology
IVHM Integrated Vehicle Health Management
IVHM Integrated Vehicle Health Monitoring
KBE Knowledge-Based Engineering
KEEL® Knowledge Enhanced Electronic Logic®
KM Knowledge Management
KNN K-Nearest Neighbors
KPI Key Performance Indicator
LCC Life-Cycle Cost
LCE Life-Cycle Engineering
LNG Liquid (or Liquefied) Natural Gas
LOESS LOcalized regrESSion
M2M Machine to Machine
MACRO MAintenance Cost/Risk Optimization
MCR Maintenance Criticality Reassessment
Machinery Information Management
MIMOSA
Open System Alliance
MOOC Massive Open Online Course
MPS Maintenance Planning System
MRO Maintenance, Repair, and Overhaul
MSET Multivariate State Estimation Technique
MTBF Mean Time Between Failures
National Aeronautics and Space
NASA
Administration
NFF No Fault Found
NN Neural Network (or Net)
NPV Net Present Value
NREL National Renewable Energy Laboratory
OBC Outcome-Based Contracting
OEM Original Equipment Manufacturer
OLAP Online Analytical Processing
OM Opportunity-based Maintenance
OMDEC Optimal Maintenance DECisions
OPC® Open Productivity and Connectivity
(Not an acronym: name deliberately
ORBITA™ chosen in order not to stand for
anything)
P&W Pratt & Whitney
PAM Predictive Asset Management
PAS Publicly Available Specification
PBL Performance-Based Logistics
PBTH™ Power By The Hour™
PCA Principal Component Analysis
PCN Process Chain Network
PdM Predictive Maintenance
PEM Proton Exchange Membrane
PHM Prognostics and Health Management
PHM Prognostic Health Monitoring
PLM Product Life-cycle Management
PM Preventive Maintenance
PPCL Process Plant Computing Ltd
PPM Preventive and Predictive Maintenance
PSS Product-Service System
PV Photovoltaic
RAeS Royal Aeronautical Society
RBD Reliability Block Diagram
RCA Root Cause Analysis
RCM Reliability-Centered Maintenance
RCO Reliability-Centered Operations
RFID Radio-Frequency IDentification
RM Routine Maintenance
ROI Return On Investment
RR Rolls-Royce
RSSB Rail Safety and Standards Board
RUL Remaining Useful Life
SaaS Software as a Service
SAE Society of Automotive Engineers
Strategic Assets Lifecycle Value
SALVO
Optimization
SAMP Strategic Asset Management Plan
Supervisory Control And Data
SCADA
Acquisition
SDE Signal Data Explorer
SFC Specific Fuel Consumption
SHI System Health Indicator
SIG Special Interest Group
SM Scheduled Maintenance
Society for Maintenance and Reliability
SMRP
Professionals
SOM Self-Organizing Map
trusted digital Spaces through Timely
STRAPP
Reliable And Personalized Provenance
SVM Support Vector Machine
TES Through-life Engineering Services
TPM Total Productive Maintenance
TWPL The Woodhouse Partnership Ltd
UTC United Technologies Corporation
UTC Universal Time Coordinated
USDOE United States Department of Energy
United States Environmental Protection
USEPA
Agency
VDM® Value-Driven Maintenance®
VHM Vibration Health Monitoring
VRLA Valve-Regulated Lead-Acid (battery)
(Not an acronym: name chosen to
WAVE represent the fluid flow basis of the
calculations)
WiLCO® Whole Life Cost Optimization
WMG Warwick Manufacturing Group
References
* denotes source that the author found particularly helpful and/or
inspiring.
Calishain, T., Dornfest, R., and Adams, D., Google Pocket Guide
(Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly and Associates Inc, 2003). Pg. xvii
Miller, J., Learn the States and Postal Abbreviations (Aubrey, TX: Five
J’s Homeschool, 2009). Pgs. xviii, xviii
Websites
CHAPTER 1: Introduction
eISBN: 978-0-7680-9488-6
DOI: 10.4271/R-479
1
CHAPTER
Introduction
Servitization and Physical Asset Management has been written to
provide a high-level overview of servitization and physical asset
management, giving the reader a structured source of guidance and
reference information on the management of physical assets for
people at all levels in industry:
The author has managed, over the last four decades, to collect a
large number of books, papers, and presentations on the myriad of
topics that fall under the physical asset management umbrella. This
book is an attempt to curate and bring together this material into a
coherent view of how all the various ideas link together.
A book of this nature cannot hope to repeat the work of experts and
go into every detail on all aspects of physical asset management, so
readers are encouraged to seek out and read the relevant references
when they require in-depth coverage of particular topics.
Language: German
Roman
von
Julius Bacher.
Dritter Band.
Leipzig,
1870.
Erstes Kapitel.