Steel Composite I Girder Bridge Design by IRS Code

OFFICE OF ORIGIN
OWNER
PROJECT
TITLE
DESIGN REPORT OF STEEL COMPOSITE GIRDER SUPERSTRUCTURE FOR

RAILWAY VIADUCT OF STRAIGHT SPAN 14.4 M
(NO. 26)
PREPARED CHECKED APPROVED

REV. MODIFICATION / PURPOSE OF
DATE Design Engineer Sr. Br. Design Engineer Sr. Br. Design Engineer
NO. ISSUE
INITIALS SIGNATURE INITIALS SIGNATURE INITIALS SIGNATURE
DATE SHEETS NOTE NO. APROVED

STUP Consultants P. Ltd Plot No. 22A, Sector 19C,Palm Beach Road
Vashi, Navi Mumbai 400 705
Phone : [91-22] 4088 7777. Fax :2789 6240
e-mail : navimumbai@stupmail.com
OFFICE OF ORIGIN :
VASHI, NAVI MUMBAI
OWNER : EAST CENTRAL RAILWAY (CONSTRUCTION DEPARTMENT)

IRCON INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
CONTRACTOR CLIENT : AFCONS INFRASTRUCTURE LIMITED
PROJECT :
DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF NEW DOUBLE TRACK BG RAILWAY BRIDGE (25T AXLE
LOAD) OVER RIVER GANGA, 60 MTRS UPSTREAM OF THE EXISTING RAJENDER SETU BRIDGE
NEAR MOKAMA INCLUDING RAILWAY AND ROAD APPROACHES ON THE SOUTH SIDE
CONNECTING TO TAL AND RAMPUR DUMRA STATION ON HOWRAH-PATNA BG LINE IN
DANAPUR DIVISION OF EAST CENTRAL RAILWAY, BIHAR, INDIA THROUGH ENGINEERING
PROCUREMENT AND CONSTRUCTION (EPC) CONTRACT
TITLE :
DESIGN OF STEEL COMPOSITE SUPERSTRUCTURE FOR 32.6m SPAN.
OF VIADUCT (Upto 4 degree curve)
DATE Rev. MODIFICATIONS/ PREPARED CHECKED APPROVED

No. PURPOSE OF ISSUE
Name Signature Name Signature Name Signature
02.07.2020 (R0) FOR APPROVAL. VP TG TG
Design modified for train

26.02.2021 (R1) speed of 160 km/hr /FOR MST YGW ASG
APPROVAL.
This note is the property of

STUP Consultants P.Ltd. It DATE : PAGES : NOTE No. REV.NO
should not be used, copied 26.02.2021 1 + 36 8329/E/DN-251 (R1)
or reproduced without their = 37 Pg.
written permission.
CONTENT
Sheet Developed by
Sr No. Description
No. Sukalyan Sarkar
1. Introduction 1 of 75
2. Design Data 3 of 75
3. Loading Data 3 of 75
4. Check for spacing of steel girder 6 of 75
5. Effective Flange Width of Composite Beam 7 of 75
6. Bending moment and Shear force 8 of 75
7. Sectional properties 8 of 75
8. Allowable Stresses 10 of 75
9. Actual Stresses 12 of 75
10. Check for weld between flange and web 12 of 75
11. Check for fatigue in bending & shear 14 of 75
12. Wind Loading 19 of 75
13. Seismic Loading 20 of 75
14. Check for deflection 20 of 75
15. Stresses due to Differential Shrinkage 20 of 75
16. Stresses due to Temperature 21 of 75
17. Check for Racking Force 22 of 75
18. Design of stiffeners 22 of 75
19. Design of splices 24 of 75
20. Horizontal Force Calculation 28 of 75
21. Jacking Arrangement 28 of 75
22. Design of Shear Connectors 29 of 75
23. Analysis and design of deck slab 32 of 75
24. Calculation for Camber 40 of 75
25. Design of end cross girder 41 of 75

CONTENT
Sheet
Sr No. Description
No.
26. Design of intermediate cross girder 52 of 75
27. Introduction to Bearing Load 65 of 75
28. Design of Elastomeric bearing as per IRC-83-2015 66 of 75
29. Guide bearing 74 of 75
30. Weight Calculation 75 of 75

1. Introduction.
This design note presents the design of 14.3 m span steel composite girder for Raiway Viaduct. The
superstructure is simply supported carrying single track of IR loading 25t.
DESIGN OF COMPOSITE GIRDERS : Span = 14.3m.
Following design codes are used in this design.

1. IRS Bridge Rules
2. IRS Concrete Bridge Code
3. IRS Steel Bridge Code
4. IRS Welded Bridge Code
Axle Load of Vehicle = 25 T
C/C of track = 6.000 m
SKEW ANGLE = 0.000 Degree
Construction sequence
1 Girder to be fabricated at shop
2 Splicing to be done at site
3 Cross girders to be connected
4 Erect the girder in their final position by lifting
5 Cast the deck slab
This design note presents design of outer girder and the same is applied conservatively to inner girder.
This design is suitable for 60 GMT traffic for 100 years of 25t loading - 2008 as per new fatigue
provisions. Design is suitable for ballast cushion from 300 to 400 mm. Seismic forces for Zone 2 have
been considered in design. Standard eccentricity of 100 mm has been considered in design.
Fabrication shall be done as per stipulations of IRS B1. All welds shall be made by using approved
welding procedures and by qualified welders approved for approved welding procedure.
All holes are 23.5 mm dia for 22 mm dia HSFG bolts of property class 8.8.
There are no top lateral bracing required in this girder. The girder has been checked for launching as
single leaves without any bracing. Single girder leaf can be handled near the bearing stiffeners.
The surface preparation, tightening procedure and other details of HSFG bolts shall be as per drg. No.
RDSO/B-11760/R1. All steel for main girders including stiffeners shall be as per IS:2062 as given in
para 8.2 of IRS B1-2001. For other members like bracing, X-frames and diaphragms, steel shall be as
per IS:2062 as given in para 8.1 of IRS B1-2001.
Concrete bed blocks for new works shall be minimum M35. For existing works, bed blocks shall be
minimum M20. Guard rail shall be provided as per provisions of IRPWM.
This design is suitable for maximum permissible speed as given in para 3.3.1 of IRS Bridge Rule.
JUSTIFICATION FOR SEPARATE DECK FOR BOTH TRACKS

1.For combined deck for maintenance of the bearing it is mandatory to complete blockage of the track
whereas for separate deck complete blockage is not required.
2.For combined deck due to loading on one side, tension may come when the live load is on one side
whereas this condition will not appear for separate deck.
3.Due to the derailment of bogie both the tracks will be affected for combined deck whereas for single
deck it will not happen.
2. Design data.
Span between C/c of Piers = 14.300 m. Expansion joint 25 mm
Effective span (C/c of bearing) = 14.000 m. Cantilever overhang = 150 mm
Overall width of deck slab = 4.90 m. + 0.90 m. + 0.20 m = 6.00 m.
Overall height of Girder + deck slab = 1.222 m.
Height of Ballast retainer = 0.800 m. Thickness of ballast retainer wall = 0.2 m
Rail level to FRL = 0.762 m. (Ballast cushion + sleeper + rail)
No of Girders = 2 Nos
C/c of Girders = 2.40 m. Clear span = 13.200 m
C/c of Cross Girders = 5.35 m
Average thickness of deck slab = 220.0 mm
Yield stress of steel = 240 N/mm2 (Ref Table 2 of IS: 2062_2011)
Grade of concrete for deck slab = 30 N/mm2
Density of steel = 7.85 t/m3
Density of concrete = 2.5 t/m3
Modulus of elasticity of steel = 210000 N/mm2
Modulus of elasticity of concrete = 27386.13 N/mm2
Modular ratio for transient load = 7.668 (Minimum 7.5 as per Cl 604.3 of IRC:22-2015)
Modular ratio for permanent load = 15.336 (Minimum 15 as per Cl 604.3 of IRC:22-2015)
4.90 + 0.90 + 0.2 = 6.00
0.762
250 190.0
100
1.002
2.4
TYPICAL CROSS SECTION

3. Loading Data
3.1 Dead load calculation.
Deck slab weight = 0.220 x 2.65 x 2.5 = 1.458 t/m (inner girder)
= 0.220 x 3.35 x 2.5 = 1.843 t/m (outer girder)
Ballast Retainer = 0.800 x 0.20 x 2.5 = 0.400 t/m
Middle Slab = 0.5 x 1.000 x 0.20 x 2.5 0.250 t/m
Ballast Retainer + Middle Slab = 0.400 + 0.250 = 0.650 t/m
Additional weight due to decking sheet = 0.030 x 2.65 x 2.5 = 0.199 t/m
(Avg concrete thk = 30 mm) Total = 2.499 t/m
Load from outer parapet and railing = 1.316 t/m
Load from Services = 0.240 t/m
Cross section of girder at mid span
Top Flange = 370 x 20

Web = 16 x 942 Bottom flange plate1 670 x 40
Bottom Flange = 670 x 40
Total area = 49272 Sqmm
Weight of girder = 0.464 t/m (Including 20% additional for connections)
Weight of each end cross girder = 0.106 t/m
Weight of each int. cross girder = 0.081 t/m
Assume Ballast unit weight = 1.57 ton/m3

Area of Ballast retainer = 3.00 m2
Load on each Girder = 1.57*3.00 = 4.710 ton/m
say, 4.8 ton/m
Load of Rail 4 Nos. @ 0.068 ton/m = 0.272 ton/m
(with Guard Rail)
Load of Sleeper @ 1660 per km & 325 kg per sleeper = 1.66 * 0.325 = 0.54 ton/m
Total = 5.650 ton/m
SIDL (Ballast, Sleeper, Rail etc) = 5.650 t/m (on total deck)
SIDL Per Girder = 2.825 t/m (on one girder)
3.2 Live Load for Bending and Shear
LL Reactions and CDA are worked out considering the total load for BM and shear force as per
appendix XXIII of IRS Bridge Rules for the given loaded length of the spans.
Load for Bending Moment (MT) Load for Shear force (MT)
Span length (m) Total load for CDA= Span length (m) Total load for CDA=
BM (MT) 0.15+8/(6+L) SF (MT) 0.15+8/(6+L)
14 158.91 0.5500 14 177.43 0.5500
15 166.32 0.5310 15 184.86 0.5310
14.000 158.91 0.5500 14.300 179.659 0.5441
\ EUDL For Bending = 158.91 / 14 x 1.5500 = 17.59361 t/m of Deck

& EUDL For Shear Force' = 179.659 / 14.3 x 1.5500 = 19.47353 t/m of Deck
Eccentricity of LL as per Cl 2.5.1 of Bridge Rule = 0.1 m

Additinal eccentricity due to curvature of track = 0 m
Total eccentricity of LL = 0.1 m
LL on outer girder = EUDL on deck x (spacing of girders/2+Eccentricity)/Spacing of girder
Maximum cant = 0 mm
Distance bet. Rails = 1670 mm (Broad Guage)
Centrifugal acting at = 1830 mm (Cl 2.5.3 of IRS Bridge Rules) (For 25 T load)
distance From rail level
Eccentricity due to cant = 0.000 mm
Live Load(t/m) Bending Shear

Outer girder 9.53 10.55
Inner girder 8.06 8.93
3.3 Horizontal forces due to Braking/Tractive
As per appendix XXIV of IRS Bridge Rules, Longitudinal forces for 25t:2008 loading are as follow,
Span length (m) Tractive Effort Braking Force
(MT) (MT)
14 63 37.5
15 63 37.5
14.00 63 37.5
3.4 Centrifugal Load.
Centrifugal force is calculated as per Cl 2.5.3 of IRS Bridge Rules
Fcentrifugal = WV2/(127R)
W is LL considered for design
V = Design speed in kmph. = 125 kmph (For BG, Cl - 3.3.1 of IRS Bridge Rule)
R = Radius of curvature = 1E+24 m. (Curved track)
F centrifugal = 0 t/m of deck acting at 1.83 m above Rail level
The centrifugal force acts transversely at 1.83 m above Rail level and it will cause updoiwn reactions on
the deck.
Vertical load due to centrifugal force = 0 x ( 1.83 + 0.150 ) / 2.40
= 0.00 t/m of girder
3.5 Wind Load
Wind load for superstructure design for loaded & unloaded condition shall be as per clause 2.11 of
Bridge rules with reference to IS 875 (part-3):2015 cl 6. Design wind speed shall be derived as given
below;
Design wind speed = V z  V b * k1 * k 2 * k 3 * k 4

Where,
k1 = Probability factor (risk coefficient-IS 875, Cl 5.3.1) = 1.07 (Ref.Tab.1)
k2 = Terrain, height and structure size factor (IS875, Cl 5.3.2)
For superstructure (height,z=15m) (Category-2) = 1.05 (Ref.Tab.2)
k3 = Topography factor = = 1.00 (Cl 6.3.3.1)
k4 = Importance factor for cyclonic region = = 1.30 (Cl 6.3.4)
Vb = Basic wind speed = = 60 m/sec
\ Vz = 67.41 m/sec
Design wind pressure, Pz  0.6 * Vz 2 (Cl 7.2 of IS 875 (part-3):2015)
\ Pz 2726.5 N/m2 = 277.93 kg/m2
Structure shall be considered unloaded when wind pressure at deck level exceeds 150 kg/m 2as per
clause 2.11.2 of IRS bridge rules.So LL is combined with max pressure of 150kg/m2.
Transverse wind force on superstructure.

Depth of girder = 1.002 m Centre to centre distance between girders = 2.40 m
Ratio of spacing and depth = 2.395
As per Cl 2.11.3.1(a) of IRS Bridge Rules, for design purpose the area shall be taken as 1.25 times
the actual area exposued. Area of superstructure are as follow,
Wind force on girder = 14.300 x 1.002 x 1.250 x 0.15

= 2.687 MT @ ht of 0.686 m (Girder CG from top)
Transverse wind on deck slab and ballast retainer
Wind force on deck = 14.300 x 1.150 x 0.15

= 2.467 MT @ ht of 1.577 m
Transverse wind force on Live load.
On LL wind pressure of 150 kg/m2 is considered. The total height of rolling stock considered is 4150 mm
with clear gap of 600 mm from rail level.
FT For LL = 14.300 x 4.15 x 0.15 = 8.902 MT @ ht = 3.437 m above deck

(clear gap from rail level = 0.6 m) = 0.623 t/m of girder
Down force due to transverse wind = 0.623 x 3.437 / 2.40 t/m of girder
= 0.891 t/m of girder
3.6 Seismic forces:
Seismic force calculations are made as per IRS Seismic code:2020.

Data considered for seismic force calculation is as follow.
Seismic Zone = II (Bridge falls under Zone I as categorized in BNBC 2020,
but as per IRS Seismic code:2020 minimum Zone is II)
Response reduction factor R = 2 (Table 3 of IRS Seismic code:2020)
Importance factor I = 1.2 (Table 2 of IRS Seismic code:2020)
Ah = (Z/2)(I/R)(Sa/g) (Cl 9.4.1 of IRS Seismic code:2020)
Zone factor z = 0.1 (Table 1A of IRS Seismic code:2020)

Sa/g = 2.50 (Figure 1 of IRS Seismic code:2020)
AhT = 0.0750
Av = 0.0500 (Av =2/3Ah) (Cl 22.1.1 of IRS Seismic code:2020)

4. Check for spacing of steel girder:
4.1 Derailment Load:
Dead Load of deck slab = 4.498 t/m

Dead load of Ballst +Track+Wearing coat = 5.65 t/m
Dead load of steel girder = 0.928 t/m
Total dead load = 11.08 t/m
Derailment load= 9.4 t/m (Appendix-XXV of IRS Bridge Rules)

2.172 t/m/m
A
900 1250 2400 1450
Taking Moment about A from STAAD model

Restoring moment = 176.1 t.m
Overturning moment = 171.3 t.m
Factor of safety = 1.028 Hence spacing is OK
During derailment condition, footpath live load is not considered for stability analysis.
4.2 Wind + Centrifugal + Racking:
Overturning moment (Girder wind) = 1.8 t.m

(Deck wind) = 3.89 t.m
(LL wind) = 42.63 t.m
(Centrifugal) = 0 t.m
(Raking) = 10 t.m
Total = 58 t.m
2.4 0.1
Stabilizing moment = 543 t.m
FOS about flange tip = 9.30 >1.5 Hence OK

Anchorage= -91.1 MT
4.3 Seismic + Centrifugal + Racking:
Force due to seismic on DL+SIDL = 0.831 t/m

Force due to seismic on Live Load = 0.43 t/m (Considering 50% LL, Cl 7.1 of IRS
Seismic Code 2020)
Vertical seismic (2/3 of horizontal) = 0.838 t/m
Overturning moment (DL+SIDL seismic) = 11 t.m

(LL seismic) = 24 t.m
(vertical seismic)= 31.14 t.m
(Centrifugal) = 0 t.m
(Raking) = 10 t.m
Total = 77 t.m
2.4 0.1
Stabilizing moment = 369 t.m
FOS about flange tip = 4.81 >1.5 Hence OK

Anchorage= -50.7 MT
5. Effective Flange Width of Composite Beam: (Cl 15.4.1.2.2 of IRS Concrete Bridge Code)
The effective flange width for inner and outer parts (measured from C/L of beam) to be taken in the case
of edge beam shall not exceed the least of the following :
1. 1/5 th the span of the beam + Web Thickness(for both inside parts)
2. 1/10 th the span of the beam + Web Thickness(for both outside parts)
3. 1/2 the distance to the adjoing beam (for inside) and actual width (for outside beam)
For inside part For outside parts

1 1/5 x 14000 + 16 = 2816 1/10 x 14000 + 16 = 1416
2 1/2 x 2400 = 1200 = 2150
Least value for inside parts = 1200 mm

Least value for outside parts = 1416 mm
Effective width = 2616 mm
6. Bending moment and Shear force:
Bending Moment Shear Force

Sr. No. Load (Mid span) (tm) (End) (t)
1 Dead Load+Slab load 125 35
2 SIDL(Ballast,Sleeper,Rail etc) 71 20
3 LL+CDA (Bending) 230 57
4 LL+CDA (Shear) 255 64
5 Centrifugal force
7. Sectional properties:
(a). Steel Girder only:
370
20
Yts 686
16
942
Ybs 316
40
670
Total depth = 1002 mm
C.G. From bottom
Description Area Y AY
cm2 cm cm3
Top flange 74 99.2 7340.8
Web 150.72 51.1 7701.792
Bottom flange 268 2 536
492.72 15578.59
Y= 31.61754 cm
Ybs = 31.61754 cm
Yts = 68.58246 cm
Moment of inertia of steel girder
Description Area d Ad2 I (self)

cm2 cm cm4 cm4
Top flage 74 67.58 337986.8 24.7
Web 150.72 19.48 57208.3 111452.9
Bottom flange 268 29.62 235089.2 357.3
492.72 630284.2 111834.9
Ina = Iself + Ad^2 = 742119 cm4 Non composite

Zbs = Ina/Ybs = 23472 cm3 A = 0.0493 m^2
Zts = Ina/Yts = 10821 cm3 Iy = 0.0011 m^4
Iyy = 108729 cm4 Iz = 0.0074 m^4
(b). Concrete Section:
2616
0 220.0
0
0 0
C.G. From bottom of the haunch:
Description Area Y AY
cm2 cm cm3
Rectangular haunch 0 0 0
Triangular Haunch 0 0 0
Slab 5755.2 11.00 63307.2
5755.2 63307.20
Yc= 11 cm
Yc from top= 11 cm
Moment of inertia of Concrete alone
Description Area d Ad2 I (self)

cm2 cm cm4 cm4
Rectangular haunch 0 11.00 0.0 0.0
Triangular Haunch 0 11.00 0.0 0.0
Slab 5755.2 0.00 0.0 232126.4
5755.2 0.0 232126.4
Ina = Iself + Ad^2 = 232126 cm4
Composite section with K = 1
Modular ratio m = 7.668

Gross area of concrete slab with haunch = 5755 cm2
Transformed area of concrete in terms of steel = 751 cm2
Moment of inertia (MI) of concrete in terms of steel = 30272 cm4
Ybc = 79.7 cm
Ytc = 20.5 cm
Ycc = 42.5 cm
Moment of inertia of the composite section Ina,c = 2656241.4 cm4 Composite short term
Iyy = 181521.5 cm4 A = 0.1243 m^2
Zbc = 2656241.4/79.7 = 33328.0 cm3 Iy = 0.0018 m^4
Ztc = 2656241.4/20.5 = 129572.8 cm3 Iz = 0.0266 m^4
Zcc (in terms of concrete) = 2656241.4x7.5/42.5 = 479255.7 cm3
Ycc
Ytc
N.A.
Ybc
Composite section with K = 0.5
Modular ratio m = 15.34
Gross area of concrete slab with haunch = 5755 cm2

Transformed area of concrete in terms of steel = 375 cm2
Moment of inertia (MI) of concrete in terms of steel = 15136 cm4
Ybc = 66.0 cm
Ytc = 34.2 cm
Ycc = 56.2 cm
Moment of inertia of the composite section Ina,c = 2106413.8 cm4 Composite long term
Iyy = 117827.8 cm4 A = 0.0868 m^2
Zbc = 2106413.8/66 = 31915.4 cm3 Iy = 0.0012 m^4
Ztc = 2106413.8/34.2 = 61591.0 cm3 Iz = 0.0211 m^4
Zcc (in terms of concrete) = 2106413.8x15/56.2 = 574812.3 cm3
8. Allowable Stresses:
Concrete
Crushing strength of concrete(Fc) = 30 N/mm2 = 300 kg/cm2
Allowable comp. Stress in concrete in bending = 0.5 x Fc = 150 kg/cm2
(Cl 10.2.2 Table 11 of IRS CBC)
Steel
Unsupported web depth d1 = 942 mm
Web thickness t = 16 mm
d1 / t = 58.9
Permissible Web ratio = 150* (K/fc)^0.5 .............As per Cl 5.8.1 IRS-SBC
= 152.7
No Horizontal Stiffners Required
1. Compressive stress in bending:
Thickness of top flange plate = 20 mm < 28 mm

Compressive stress (allowable) = 15 kg/mm2 (Table 2 of IRS SBC)
2 Tensile stress in bending
Thickness of bottom flange plate = 40 mm > 28 mm

Tensile stress (allowable) = 15 kg/mm2 (Table 2 of IRS SBC)
Area of bottom flange = 268 cm2
Area of 36 holes of dia 23.5 mm = 338.4 cm2
Tensile stress for net area = 15 kg/mm2
3 Shear stress
Thickness of web = 16 mm < 28 mm

Shear stress = 8.7 kg/mm2 (Table 2 of IRS SBC)
4 Check for Cs value
As per Cl 3.9.1.1 (c) of IRS SBC,

Moment of Inertia of Top flange about yy axis = 8442.167 cm4
Moment of Inertia of Bot. flange about yy axis = 100254 cm4
I top flange < I bottom flange (0.7*span as per Cl 5.4.2.1(c) of IRS
SBC)
Cs = ( A + K2 B ) x Yts / Ybs
l = 374.5 cm
ry = 14.855 cm
D = 100.2 cm
te = 2 cm
l / ry = 25.21041 cm
=> A = 423.9056 cm
D / te = 50.1
=> B = 421.2474 cm
Rm = the ratio of the moment of inertia of the compression flanges alone to that of the sum of the
moments of inertia of the compression and tension flanges, each calculated about its own axis parallel
to the y-y axis of the girder, at the point of maximum bending moment
Rm = 0.078
=> K2 = -0.75 (Table 6 of IRS SBC)
Cs = 234.2009 kg/mm2
Allowable Compressive Stress for this Cs value = 15.8 kg/mm2 (Table 8 of IRS SBC)
5 Bearing stress = 18.9 kg/mm2 (Table 2 of IRS SBC)
6 Equivalent stress = 21.262 kg/mm2 (sqrt(fb^2+3 x fs^2))

(Cl 3.11.2 of IRS SBC)
fb = bending stress
fs = shear stress
9. Actual Stresses:
At midspan:
conc. Compression
Sr. No. Loading/ Section tension (fbc) compression (ftc) (fcc) shear
kg/mm2 kg/mm2 kg/mm2 kg/mm2
1 Dead Load+Slab load 5.33 11.55 0.00 2.32
2 SIDL(Ballast,Sleeper,Rail etc) 2.22 1.15 0.12 1.33
3 LL+CDA (Bending) 6.90 1.78 0.48 0.00
4 LL+CDA (Shear) 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.25
5 Centrifugal force 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Actual stresses during deck

casting 5.33 11.55
Allowable stress 18.75 18.75 (Cl 3.5.3 of IRS SBC)
Actual to allowable ratio 0.28 0.62
Total actual stresses 14.45 14.48 0.60 7.90
Allowable stress 15.00 15.00 1.50 8.70
Actual to allowable ratio 0.96 0.97 0.40 0.91
10. Check for weld between flange and web:
Maximum vertical shear Fy = 1287921.4 N

Area of top flange A = 7400.00 mm2
CG. Of top flange wrt cg of the section y = 675.82 mm
Ixx of the entire section Ixx = 7421191668.9 mm4
Hence the factor A y / (I ) (unit force per mm) = 0.000674
Assume connection of flange and web by fillet weld of unit thickness b = 1.00 mm
Hence longitudinal shear through weld V A y / (I x b) = 867.92 N/mm
permissible shear stress (Table-II, IRS-SBC) = 87.00 N/mm2
Hence minimum throat thickness of the weld required = 9.98 mm
Assume actual provision of weld thickness as 16.0 mm x 2 nos
Hence throat thickness on the basis of above 32.0 x 0.70 = 22.40 mm
Actual longitudinal shear t║weld = 867.92 / 22.4= 38.75 N/mm2
Allowable stress for Welding = 100.00 N/mm2 OK
(Cl 13.4.1 of IRS Welded Bridge Code)
Fillet welds in flanges to web connection shall be made only by automatic sub-merged arc welding
technique. All other welds should be done by SAW as far as possible. In case SAW is not possible or
difficult to be done, other welds shall be preferably made by GMAW/FCAW. MMAW may be used if
approved by Engineer-in-charge.
SAW = Sub-merged arc welding

GMAW = Gas metal arc welding
FCAW = Flux cored arc welding
MMAW = Manual metal arc welding
Welding Stage - I: (Welding of web with flange plates)
1. Sequence and Position of Welding:
All the welding is to be done entirely in down hand position. S indicates submerged arc welding. Nos. 1,
2, 3 etc. next to above notation indicate sequence by which the welding is to be performed. Run-on and
run-off pieces shall be provided.
2. Application of Single Head Machine:

To weld girders with single head machine, flanges and webs are to be set in fixture and tacked.
3. Application of Double Head Machine on Girders Laid Flat:
Two welds are deposited on one face of web at a time. This arrangement does not require removal of
the assembly from the fixture after tacking. The flange plates are set against the web in the fixture and
tacked main welds, each joining flange with the web, are to be laid while assembly is still in the fixture.
After completion of first face welding of web, the assembly is to be turned over and welding of the
second face is to be done.
4. Application of Double Head Machine on Girders in Vertical Position:
In this case two welds are laid joining each flange with the web at a time. This will require tacking of the
flanges with the web, which are previously set in fixture specially made for the purpose. The assembly is
to be removed from the fixture after tacking is completed and positioned in a manipulator, the two
welding heads are operated in such a way that one head will be away by 800 mm, both the heads
travelling at the same speed. It is advisable to limit the single run weld to 6 mm size.
5. After each run of welding, the fabricated article shall be checked for any deformation. In case of
deformation beyond permissible limits, the same shall be rectified before next stage welding is taken up.
11. Check for fatigue in bending:
(a) Bottom Flange
As per IRS -SBC Appendix G

Desgin stress range < Allowable stress range for 2 million cycles)
γFf * ΔσE2 < Δσc (Cl 8.1.3 of IRS SBC)

γMf
ΔσE2 = constant amplitude fatigue limit
Δσc = largest stress range
γFf = 1 (Cl 7.4 of IRS SBC)

γMf = 1.15 (Cl 7.4 of IRS SBC)
Damage Equivalent stress for 2 million cycles
ΔσE2 = λ * Φ * Δσp
Stress Range
Δσp = І σmax - σmin І (Cl 14.2 of IRS SBC)
CDA, Φ = 0.275 (50% CDA) (Cl 6.2.1 of IRS SBC)
For fatigue assessment, 50% of the impact loads specified in Bridge Rules shall be considered.
Φ * Δσmax = 14.45 kg/mm2 (total actual tensile stress)

Φ * Δσmin = 7.55 kg/mm2 (tensile stress due to DL & SIDL)
Φ * Δσp = 6.90 kg/mm2 (with 100% CDA)
(with 50% CDA)

Φ * Δσp = 5.41 kg/mm2
Damage equivalence factor, λ

λ = λ1 * λ2 * λ3 * λ4 < λmax (Cl 14.6 of IRS SBC)
λmax = 1.4
Critical length = 14.000 m
For 25t Loading

λ1 = 1.32 (Table 14.6.2(1) of IRS SBC)
l2 = 0.5193*Ta0.2036 Ta = Annual volume of Traffic (As per Cl. 14.6.4 of IRS SBC 2017)
Axle Load of Vehicle = 25 ton aprox
Ta = 60 GMT (Sub Urban Traffic for 25T loading) (Appendix G-I Table 1(a) of IRS SBC 2017)
λ2 = 1.195 (For 60 GMT)
l3 = 0.3899*LD0.2048 (As per Cl. 14.6.5 of IRS SBC 2017)

where, LD = Design Life = 100 years (As per Cl. 3.6.5 of IRS SBC 2017)
λ3 = 1 (For 100 yrs design life)
l4 = for multi lane, 0.7926*a2 - 0.7280*a + 0.9371 (As per Cl. 14.6.6 of IRS SBC 2017)
where, a = Ds1 / Ds1+2 Ds1 = Stress of section due to 1 Lane loading
=1 Ds1+2 = Stress of section due to all Lane loading
λ4 = 1 (For σ1/σ1+2 = 1.0) For single lane
Hence,
λ = 1.582 (Should be < 1.4)
Damage Equivalent stress

ΔσE2 = 7.578 kg/mm2
Design stress range
γFf * ΔσE2 = 7.578 kg/mm2

Detail category
Type = 100 (Table G-II. 2 of IRS SBC)
Δσc = 10.19 kg/mm2
Here, maximum plate thickness = 40 mm

Considering modification factor of thickness = (25/40)^0.2 = 0.91 (for thk. > 25 mm)
(As per Cl. 10.3.2.2 of IRS SBC 2017)
Hence, allowable fatigue strength = 10.2 x 0.91/(1 * 1.15) Mpa = 8.09 MPa
Allowable stress range
Δσc = 8.09 kg/mm2 > 7.58 kg/mm2 Safe in fatigue

γMf
(b) Top flange

γMf

Stress Range

Φ * Δσmax = 14.48 kg/mm2 (total actual compressive stress)

Φ * Δσmin = 12.70 kg/mm2 (compressive stress due to DL & SIDL)
(with 50% CDA)

Φ * Δσp = 1.39 kg/mm2

λmax = 1.4
For 25t Loading

λ1 = 1.32 (Table 14.6.2(1) of IRS SBC)
λ2 = 1.195 (For 60 GMT)

Hence,
λ = 1.582 (Should be < 1.4)
ΔσE2 = 1.949 kg/mm2
Design stress range

Detail category
Size effect = 1
Δσc = 10.19 kg/mm2

Considering modification factor of thickness = (25/20)^0.2 = 1.00 (for thk. <= 25 mm)
Hence, allowable fatigue strength = 10.2 x 1/(1 * 1.15) Mpa = 8.87 MPa

γMf
(c) Check for fatigue in shear


γMf

Stress Range

Φ * Δσmax = 7.90 kg/mm2 (total actual shear stress)
Φ * Δσmin = 3.65 kg/mm2 (shear stress due to DL & SIDL)
(with 50% CDA)
Φ * Δσp = 3.33 kg/mm2
λmax = 1.4
For 25t Loading
λ1 = 1.32 (Table 14.6.2(1) of IRS SBC)
λ2 = 1.195 (For 60 GMT)

Hence,
λ = 1.582 (Should be < 1.4)
ΔσE2 = 4.663 kg/mm2
Design stress range

Detail category
Type = 100
Size effect = 1
Δσc = 10.19 kg/mm2


γMf
(d) Check for Fatigue for Vertical Stiffener

1.78
γMf
Δσc = largest stress range 205
γFf = 1 (Cl 7.4 of IRS SBC) 0.00

Damage Equivalent stress for 2 million cycles 1002 mm
ΔσE2 = λ * Φ * Δσp 797
A
Stress Range 96 mm 5.72
CDA, Φ = 0.275 (50% CDA) (Cl 6.2.1 of IRS SBC) 6.90
Bending stress at point A
Φ * Δσp = 5.724 kg/mm2 (At mid span) (with 100% CDA)
(with 50% CDA)
Φ * Δσp = 4.489 kg/mm2 (At mid span)
Shear stress at point A

Φ * Δσp = 0 kg/mm2 (At mid span)
(with 50% CDA)
Φ * Δσp = 0 kg/mm2 (At mid span)
s1= 4.489
s2= 0
t1 0
Principal stress at Point A

Δσpri = [σ1 + σ2) / 2] + √[(σ1 - σ2) / 2]^2 + τ1^2
Δσpri = 4.489 kg/mm2

λmax = 1.4
For 25t Loading

λ1 = 1.32 (Table 14.6.2(1) of IRS SBC)
λ2 = 1.195 (For 60 GMT)

λ3 = 1 (For 100yrs design life)
Hence,
λ = 1.582 (Should be < 1.4)
ΔσE2 = 6.285 kg/mm2
Design stress range

Detail category
Size effect = 1
Δσc = 8.15 kg/mm2


γMf
12. Wind loading:
Bending Moment
Seismic
y1 = 967 mm
s = 2400 mm Wind 4750
lever arm = 3342 mm
V = F x y1 / s 1830
V = 0.287 t/m Rail level
B.M. due to V = 7.033 t.m
Shear Force y1
y2 = 1764 mm C.G. Level of section
s = 2400 mm y2
V = F x y2 / s (F is hor. Wind)
V = 0.524 t/m
S.F. due to V = 3.666 t s
V V
13. Seismic loading:
Bending Moment
y1 = 967 mm
s = 2400 mm
lever arm = 2797 mm
V = F x y1 / s (F is hor. Seismic force)
V (hor. Seismic) = 0.506 t/m
Ver. Seismic force = 0.838 t/m
Total ver. Load due to seismic = 1.344 t/m
B.M. due to Seismic = 32.92201 t.m
Shear Force
y2 = 1764 mm
lever arm = 3594 mm
V = f X Y2 / s (f is hor. Seismic force)
V (hor. Seismic) = 0.923 t/m
Ver. Seismic force = 0.838 t/m
Total ver. Load due to seismic = 1.761 t/m
S.F. due to seismic = 12.327 t
At midspan:
conc. Compression
Sr. No. Loading/ Section tension (fbc) compression (ftc) (fcc) shear
kg/mm2 kg/mm2 kg/mm2 kg/mm2
1 Wind stresses 0.21 0.05 0.01 0.24
2 Seismic stresses 0.99 0.25 0.07 0.82
3 Primary+Wind stresses 14.66 14.53 0.62 8.14
4 Primary+Seismic stresses 15.44 14.73 0.67 8.71
Allowable stress(16.667% more)** 17.51 17.51 1.75 10.15
Max Actual to allowable ratio 0.88 0.84 0.38 0.86
**(Table 1 of IRS SBC)
14. Check for deflection:
Deflection = 5 w L4 / 384 E I
Deflection due to :-
1. D.L. of girder + slab = 0.48 cm
2. SIDL(Track and Ballast ) = 0.27 cm
3. Live load = 0.88 cm
Total Deflection = 1.63 cm
Allowable Deflection = L / 600 = 2.33 cm Hence deflection is O.K.
15. Stresses due to Differential Shrinkage:
Stress in top steel fibre (ft) = 0.0002 Es (Kc + (ycc -0.5t)/(Stc/Ac))

Stress in bottom steel fibre (fb) = 0.0002 Es (-Kc + (ycc -0.5t)/(Sbc/Ac))
where Kc = Ac/(Ac+As)
ycc = Top of concrete from N.A.
Stc = Section modulus of outermost top steel fibre for comp. Sec.
Sbc = ection mod. of outermost bottom steel fibre for comp. Sec.
Ac = Transformed area of concrete slab
As = Total steel area
t = thickness of concrete deck
(Computation of Shrinkage stress is with k=1)

Ac = 751 cm2
Kc = 0.603686
ft = -20.7641 kg/cm2
fb = -747.549 kg/cm2
Allowable stress will be 25% more for shrinkage stress calculation.
Allowable stress at top steel fibre = 18.8 kg/mm2 (25% more)
Allowable stress at bot.steel fibre = 18.8 kg/mm2
Total comp.stress with shrinkage = 14.3 kg/mm2 Hence safe in shrinkage
Total tensile stress with shrinkage = 7.0 kg/mm2 Hence safe in shrinkage
16. Stresses due to Temperature:
Bearing centre to centre of girder = 14.00 m
From Cl-2.6.2 of IRS Bridge Rules,

The co-efficient of expansion = 12E-06 per 1⁰ C (for steel and reinforced
concrete)
From Fig-8 of IRC-6-2014, the highest maximum temperature = 35 ⁰ C

From Fig-9 of IRC-6-2014, the highest minimum temperature = 10 ⁰ C
ΔL =
Change in Leng L a Δt = 0.004 m = 4.095 mm
Reaction force coming on the bearing due to DL = 55.00 T

Reaction force coming on the bearing due to LL = 64.00 T
CDA for structure = 0.54
Reaction force coming due to LL+CDA = 98.82 T
As per Cl-2.7 of IRS Bridge Rules

The co-efficient of frictional resistance = 0.1 (For sliding bearings of Elastomeric type)
So, horizontal force acting on the main girder = 15.38 T
Stress accumulated in main girder steel = 312.2 t/m2
From the Design of girder:
Comp. stress at girder top = 14672.57 t/m2

Tensile stress at bottom = 14451.29 t/m2
Total Stress Calculated :( Temp Rise)
Total compressive stress at the top of girder = 14360.38 t/m2 Hence OK

Total tensile stress at the bottom of girder = 14763.48 t/m2
Total Stress Calculated :( Temp Fall)
Total compressive stress at the top of girder = 14984.75 t/m2 Hence OK

Allowable Bending Stress

Comp. at girder top = 15170.00 t/m2
(As per Table-8 of IRS Steel Bridge Code)
Tensile at bottom = 15000.00 t/m2
(As per Table-2 of IRS Steel Bridge Code)
17. Check for Racking Force :
Racking force acting on structure = 900 kg/m = 0.9 t/m Ref: Cl. 2.9.2 IRS Bridge Rules
As the effecive span is less than 20m
Effective span of girder = 14.000 m
Total racking f 12.6 T acting a0.797 m from the bottom of girder
So, overturning moment acting at the cg of girder due to racking force = 10.0 Tm
Force acting on the outer girder due to overturing moment = F = M/e (where e= c/c dist between girders)
F= 10.04/2.4
F= 4.1843 ton
So, Design load for checking = 4.1843/14.000= 0.30 ton/m
Moment acting at mid span = 0.30*14.000^2/8= 7.32 Tm

Total compressive stress at the top of girder = 14729.1 t/m2

Comp. at girder top = 15170.0 t/m2

Tensile at bottom = 15000.0 t/m2 Hence OK
18. Design of stiffeners:

(a) Bearing stiffners:
Total reaction = 119 t

Provide 2 plates of 160 x 20 on both sides of web at each support
Check for outstand
1 Max. Projection of web = 12 t = 240 > 160 mm Hence OK

2 Overall support to flange required = 3/4 of flange width supported= 277.5 mm

(Cl 5.10.1.6 of IRS SBC)
Supported provided by bearing stiffener = 336 mm Hence OK
Check for bearing stress
Outstand of bearing stiffener clear of flange weld = 160 mm

Bearing area of outstand flange = 64 cm2
Load Reaction = 0.75 x 119 = 89.25 t (75%)
Bearing Stress = 13.9 < 18.9 Kg/mm2
Hence OK
Capacity 20
Total area = 96 cm2 160
Ixx = 6328.32 cm4 16
rxx = 8.119113 cm
Eff. length = 94.2 cm 200
l / rxx = 11.602
Permissible stress = 18.9 kg/mm2

Capacity of the section = 181.44 t > 119 t Hence OK
Weld size
Detail category
Type = 100 = 100 (Cl 13.4.1 of IRS Welded Bridge Code)
Δσc = 10.2 kg/mm2
Size of fillet weld = 0.18 cm
Provide = 10.00 mm fillet weld
Provided = 14.00 mm OK
End stiffeners shall be connected to web by 10 mm fillet weld all around, including with flanges.
(b) Intermediate Stiffeners:
Clear distance b/w flange plates = 942

Web thickness = 16
d/t = 58.875 which is < 60 ..IRS SCB CL. 5.10
Int. Stiffners not required.
Maximum spacing of stiffeners allowed = 1413 mm ( Cl-5.10 of IRS Steel Bridge Code)
Provide spacing = 1075 mm OK
Welded type
using plates of size 160 x 16 mm at both face of web.
Check outstand of plates= 12t = 192 which is > 160 mm

(Cl 5.10.4 of IRS SBC) Hence OK
Moment of inertia of section:
Effective length of web plate = Depth of girder/2 = 501 mm

160
y = 5.2 cm 16
Ixx = 2184.533 cm4
y
Min. moment of inertia required as per code - 160
I = 1.5 d1^3 x t1^3 / S^2 (Cl 5.10.2.3 of IRS SBC)
16
Where,
Ixx = moment of inertia of a pair of stiffners about the center of the web or a single stiffner about
the face of the web.
d1 = clear distance between the flanges = 942 mm
t1 = minimum required thickness of web. = 16 mm
S =max. permitted clear distance = 1.5d1 = 1413 mm (Cl-5.10 of IRS Steel Bridge Code)
I = 257.2288 cm4 < 2184.533 cm4 Hence OK
Weld size
Shear force to be resisted by stiffner = 12.6 t^2 / h (Cl 5.10.2.4 of IRS Steel Bridge Code)
where - t = web thickness = 16 mm
h = projection of stiffner from web = 160 mm
S.F. = 20.16 kg/mm run = 201.6 kg/cm run
Size of fillet weld= 201.6 / 2 / 0.7 /1019.37 = 0.141 cm = 1.413 mm
Provide 10 mm fillet weld on both the sides OK
All intermediate stiffeners shall be connected to the web by fillet welds and not welded to flange. The
intermediate stiffeners shall be machine fit wherever these touch he flanges. Extra holes may be made
in intermediate stiffeners not carrying X-frames for shuttering purpose with minimum spacing of 100 mm
c/c. No gas cut holes shall be made. Proper chamfering of holes should also be done. Shuttering shall
not be welded to girder/stiffeners.
19. Design of splices:
If plates of sufficient length are available girder should be fabricated in single piece only and splices may
be eliminated. However in that case description of part and shipping list given should be worked out
accordingly. Web edges to be machined at bolted splice location.
(a) Web Splices
Provide splice at 3.915 m from supports
3915 x 10085
Web properties- d = 942 mm

t = 16 mm
I web = 111453 cm4
A web = 150.72 cm2
Thickness of cover plate
Area of cover plate required = 15825.6 mm2 (5% more) (Cl 5.11 of IRS Steel Bridge Code)
Depth of cover plate = 870 mm
Thickness of cover plate = 9.095 mm (required)
Adopt cover plates = 16 mm OK
Web plate
HSFG Bolt Arrangement
Area of Cover Plates provided = 278.4 cm2 OK

Allowable stress = 15 kg/mm2 (Table 2 of IRS Cover plate
Actual Stress = 7.90 kg/mm2 SBC)
Capacity of web = 226.08 t
Using 22 mm dia HSFG Bolts.

Dia of Bolt holes = 23.5 mm
Slip Factor = 0.4 (Table 13 of IRS SBC)
Min Bolt Tension = 18200 kg (Table 12 of IRS SBC)
(Grade 8.8)
Nos of Interface = 2
FOS = 1.4 (Cl 7.12.6.3 of IRS SBC)
(for normal loads)
Shear Capacity =
Shear Capacity = 10400 kg (Cl 7.12.6.1 of IRS SBC)

No. of Bolts required = 22
Provided = 70 OK
(b) Top flange Splices
Cover plate
top flange plate

Area of Top Flange Plate = 74 cm2
Area of Cover Plates required = 77.7 cm2 (5% more) (Cl 5.11 of IRS Steel Bridge Code)
Provide 2 Cover plates

Top cover plate = 370 x 12 mm
2 Bott.cover pls = 160 x 12 mm
Area of cover plates provided = 82.8 cm2 OK
Allowable stress = 15.00 kg/mm2 (Table 2 of IRS SBC)

Actual Stress = 14.48 kg/mm2 (compressive)
Capacity of top flange plate = 111 t
Shear Capacity = 10400 kg
Provided = 16 OK
(c) Bottom flange Splices
Cover plate
bottom flange plate
Area of Bot. Flange Plate = 268 cm2

Provide 6 bolts in row
Area deducted due to hole = 56.4 cm2
Net area of bottom flange plate = 211.6 cm2
Net area of cover plates reqd. = 222.2 cm2 (5% more) (Cl 5.11 of IRS Steel Bridge Code)
Gross area of cover plates reqd. = 281.4 cm2 (5% more) (Cl 5.11 of IRS Steel Bridge Code)
Provide 2 Cover plates

2 Top cover pls = 295 x 36 mm
Bott. cover plate = 670 x 36 mm
Gross area of cover plates = 453.6 cm2 OK
Net area of cover plates = 352.08 cm3 OK
Allowable stress = 15.00 kg/mm2 (Table 2 of IRS SBC)

Actual Stress = 14.45 kg/mm2 (tensile)
Capacity of bot flange plate = 317.4 t
Shear Capacity = 10400 kg
Provided = 36 OK
20. Horizontal Force Calculation:
Cross girder is designed for lateral force due to following combination.

1 Racking + Centrifugal + wind
2 Racking + Centrifugal + Seismic Hor. Force due to wind = 1.07 t/m = 15.34 t
1 Racking + Centrifugal + wind

Force due to wind + racking = 1.37 t/m
Force due to centrifugal force = 0.00 t/m
Total Horizontal force = 1.37 t/m
2 Racking + Centrifugal + Seismic

Force due to siesmic + racking = 1.56 t/m
Force due to centrifugal force = 0.00 t/m
Total Horizontal force = 1.56 t/m
Maximum Lateral Hor. Force = 1.56 t/m
21. Jacking Arrangement:
The lifting girder shall be designed as a beam, lifted by two jacks.

Lifting of girders shall be done simultaneously at two jacking points at one end of span.
When lifting is done, there will be no Live load.
DL of Deck and Girder = 2.91 t/m = 41.5 t
DL of Track and Ballast = 2.83 t/m = 40.4 t
Total dead load = 5.73 t/m = 81.9 t
20% Extra = 1.15 t/m = 16.4 t
Total load = 6.88 t/m = 98.3 t
Load on each jack = 49.2 t
Line of action of jacking from center line of web = 650 mm
49.2 t 49.2 t
650 1100 650

R = 49.2 t R = 49.2 t
2400
Bending Moment = 31.958 tm
Shear force = 49.2 t
Assuming section for End Cross Frame
200
12 Total depth = 75.00 cm
Y rvv = 27.694 cm
Area = 135.12 cm2
726 Ina = 103629 cm4
12 Zbs = 2763.434 cm3
Ybs Zts = 2763.434 cm3
12
200
Bending stress = 1156.474 kg/cm2 < 1500 kg/cm2 OK

(Table 2 of IRS SBC)
Shear stress = 564.3568 kg/cm2 < 870 kg/cm2 OK
(Table 2 of IRS SBC)
Equivalent stress = sqrt(fb^2+3 x fs^2) = 1514 kg/cm2 < 2126 kg/cm2 OK
(sqrt(fb^2+3 x fs^2))
Connection between bearing stiffener and lifting beam
Total Reaction = 49.2 t

Provide 2 plates of 90 x 12 on both sides of web at each support.
Check for outstand
1 Max. Projection of web = 12 t = 144 > 90 mm Hence OK

2 Overall support to flange required = 3/4 of flange with supported = 75 mm
Supported provided by bearing stiffener = 90 mm Hence OK
Check for bearing stress
Outstand of bearing stiffener clear of flange weld = 90

Bearing area of outstand flange = 43.2 cm2
Load Reaction = 0.75 x 49.2 = 36.88 t (Cl 5.10.1.2 of IRS SBC)
Bearing Stress = 8.5 kg/mm2 < 18.9 kg/mm2
OK (Table 2 of IRS SBC)
Connection of End Cross Girder with Main girder

Using 22 mm dia HSFG Bolts.
Dia of Bolt holes = 23.5 mm
Slip Factor = 0.4 (Table 13 of IRS SBC)
Min Bolt Tension = 18200 kg (Table 12 of IRS SBC)
Nos of Interface = 1
FOS = 1.4 (Cl 7.12.6.3 of IRS SBC)
(for normal loads)
Shear Capacity =
Shear Capacity =
Shear Capacity = 5200 kg (Cl 7.12.6.1 of IRS SBC)
No. of Bolts required = 10 No. of bolts provided = 13 OK
22. Design of Shear Connectors:
Specification of Material for Studs
Tensile Strength = 490 MPa

Yield Strength = 350 MPa (Table 2 of IS 2062 - 2011)
Range of Shear at Various Sections (For live load with impact and Centrifugal Force)
Maximum possible shear will occur when load occupies AB and Max. negative shear will occur when
load occupies BC. Range of shear is the algebraic difference of these two shears.
A x B C
x
For k = 1 (for transilent load)
Transformed area of conc. in terms of steel = 751 cm2
CG of conc. from CG of section = 31.5 cm2
Moment of Inertia = 2.7E+06 cm4
Axy/I = 0.0089 1/cm (Cl 611.4.1.1.2 of IRC:22-1986)
Range of Hor. Shear = 0.0089 x Range of vertical shear
(Range of Hor. Shear is calculated in Table 1.)
Allowable Fatigue Stress for Horizontal Shear
Dia of stud = 25 mm
Height of stud = 200 mm
H/d for stud (Cl 611.4.1.1.3 of IRC:22-1986) = 8 ≥ 4, Hence OK
Area of stud = 490.8739 mm2
no of stud in a x-sec. = 3
a = 55 Mpa (Cl 611.4.1.1.3 of IRC:22-1986)
Allowable shear force for one stud = ax A2 = 2.70 t
Allowable force of cross section = 8.10 t
Spacing of Stud Shear Connectors
Table 1 SIDL + LL
Sr. No. Section Distance Shear force Hor. Shear spacing Req.
mm t t/cm mm
1 0L 0 83 0.739 109.6
2 0.1 L 1400 78 0.694 116.7
3 0.2 L 2800 53 0.472 171.7
4 0.3 L 4200 50 0.445 182.0
5 0.4 L 5600 25 0.223 364.0 Minimum spacing = 109 mm
6 0.5 L 7000 24 0.214 379.2 Spacing provided= 70 mm
No. of stud required based on Ultimate Strength Consideration
N = H / ( Qu x f ) (Cl 611.4.1.2.2 of IRC:22-1986)
where,
N= No. of Connectors between points of maximum +ve moment & adjacent support
Qu = Ultimate strength of shear connector
= min of 0.5A*(fck*Ec)^0.5 and 0.85 A Fu (Cl 611.4.1.2.2 of IRC:22-1986)
f = 0.85 (Reduction factor )
H = Force in slab ( H1 or H2 whichever is minimum)
H1 = As x Fy (Cl 611.4.1.2.1 of IRC:22-1986)
H2 = 0.85 x fck x b x t (Cl 611.4.1.2.1 of IRC:22-1986)
As = Total area of steel section = 492.72 cm2
Fy = Yield stress of steel section = 2400 kg/cm2
fck = Compressive strength of concrete = 300 kg/cm2
b = effective flange width = 2616 mm
t = Thickness of concrete slab = 220 mm
Ec = 5000*(fck)^0.5 = 273861 kg/cm2
Fu= Tensile strength of shear connector steel = 4900 kg/cm2
A= Area of shear connector = 490.8739 mm2
H1 = 1182.528 t
H2 = 1467.576
H = 1182.528
0.5A*(fck*Ec)^0.5 = 22.25
0.85 A Fu = 20.44
Qu = 20.44
N = 69
No. of stud provided from support to center is more than 69
No. of stud provided from support to center = 91 OK
If required, the location of stud may be shifted slightly to accommodate the bolts for splices etc. Stud
shear connectors should be welded to the top flange cover plate. Shear connectors shall be welded to
top flange/splice top cover plate using automatic stud welding gun. The stud shear connector design is
based on IS:3935-1966 & IRC:22-1986. The welding of stud shear connectors shall be done by 'drawn
arc stud welding with ceramic ferrule' technique. The stud shear connector and ceramic ferrule shall
conform to type SD1/UF as per BS EN ISO 13918-2008. Mechanical properties of stud shear
connectors shall be as per ISO 6892/BS EN ISO 13918-2008. Shape of tip of stud shear connectors
may be chosen by manufacturer. The stud tip shall be supplied with flux in the form of press fitted
aluminium ball or aluminium spray coating. The diameter of ceramic ferrule D7 as per figure 13 / Table
18 of BS EN ISO 13918 shall be 26 mm. RDSO report no. BS-115 (latest version) may be referred for
the details related to stud shear connectors. Quality assurance provisions related to material, process /
machine, execution etc. related to stud shear connector is given in this BS report. This should be
followed while providing stud shear connector on girder.
Welding Stage II: (Providing stud shear connectors)
1. Stud welding should be done in workshop.

2. If girders are to be handled after welding of stud shear connectors, the studs shall be protected
suitably to ensure that there is no damage to them.
WITHOUT OCCASIONAL LOAD WITH OCCASIONAL LOAD
FATIGUE STRESS TOTAL STRESS RANGE

S.N. MEMBER
RANGE Kg/mm2 Kg/mm2 TOTAL STRESS Kg/mm2
ACTUAL ALLOWABLE ACTUAL ALLOWABLE ACTUAL ALLOWABLE
(MODIFIED)
1. TOP FLANGE PLATE 1.949 8.87 14.48 15.00 14.73 17.51
2. BOTTOM FLANGE PLATE * 7.58 8.09 14.45 15.00 15.44 17.51
3. WEB PLATE 4.66 8.87 7.90 8.70 8.71 10.15
* On net area
23. Analysis and design of deck slab:

23.1 Design Data:
Grade of Concrete = M30

Grade of steel reinforcement = Fe500
Width of deck slab B = 5.800 m
C/C of Girders L = 2.400 m
Cantilever Span L0 = 1.251 m
Thickness of deck slab at cantilever end = 190.0 mm
Thickness of deck slab at mid span (incl profile decking) = 250.0 mm
Thickness of wearing coat = 25 mm
Thickness of profile decking = 0 mm
23.2 Calculations of loads:
At mid span deck slab cantilever is maximum and hence mid span section is checked for transverse
analysis.
4.90 + 0.90 + 0.20 = 6.00
1.250 2.400 1.450

+ 0.90
23.2.1 Deck slab:
6.25 kN/m
5.586 5.739 5.8
4.75 kN/m 5.524
0.19 0.221 0.223 0.23 0.232 0.25
1.265 0.1 0.250 0.1 0.735
23.2.2 Wearing coat:
Weight of wearing coat = 0.625 kN/m
23.2.3 Ballast Retainer:
Weight of each ballast retainer = 4.000 kN
23.2.4 Ballast :
Weight of ballast = 8.697 kN/m
23.2.5 Track with sleeper :
Weight of track & sleeper = 1.717 kN/m
23.2.6 Live load :
Live load Dispersion is calculated as per Cl. 2.3.4.2 of IRS Bridge Rule.
Dispersion along Span of Deck Slab
12.5 ton 12.5 ton
2.745
0.30 m ballast (CL- 2.2.2 of IRS BR)
deck slab
Dispersion width on top of ballast = 2.745 m

Dispersion width on top of deck slab = 0.30 m
Dispersion width along deck slab span = 3.045 m
Dispersion along Traffic Direction
25 ton
0.254 0.254 ballast
deck slab
Dispersion width on top of ballast = 0.254 m

Dispersion width on top of deck slab = 0.3 m
Dispersion width at bottom of deck slab = 1.108 m
Dispersion width along traffic direction = 1.708 m
Calculation of CDA
The CDA for concrete slab is calculated as per Cl. 2.4.2.1 of IRS Bridge Rule.
Coefficient of Dynamic Augmentation = 0.85
Live load intensity = 89.2 kN/m
Eccentricity of live load due to actual cant = 0.000
23.2.7 Derailment Load : (CL- 2.13 of IRS BR)
Derailment load is calculated as per Appendix-XXV of IRS Bridge Rule.

Case 1
Two vertical line loads of 75 kN/m each 1.6m apart parallel to the track in the most unfavorable
position inside an area of 1.3m on either side of track centre line.
75 kN/m 0.3 75 kN/m

1.3

Load intensity = 25 kN/m
Case 2
A single load of 200 kN acting on an area of 1.3m on either side of track centre line in the most
unfavorable position.
200 kN/m
1.3
Load intensity = 65.7 kN/m
23.2.8 Load from outer parapet and railing :
Footpath side :
Width of Footpath = 0.9 m

Area of Footpath part = = 0.35 m2
Opposite side :
Area of Parapet part = = 0.00 m2

Sw of parapet 0.00*2.5 = 0.00 ton/m
Sw of footpath 0.35*2.5 = 0.88 ton/m
Footpath load = (Cl 2.3.2.1 of IRS Bridge Rules) 490 kg/m^2 = 0.49 t/m^2
Live load from footpath @ 0.49 t/m2 0.49*0.9 = 0.44 ton/m
Total = 1.32 ton/m
23.2.9 Load from Services
Intensity of service load (assumed) = 0.40 ton/m2

Width of Influence = 0.60 m
Weight of service 0.40*0.60 = 0.24 ton/m
23.3 Results from STAAD model :
1 2 3
1 2 3
Section 1-1 Section 2-2 Section 3-3

Load Combination BM (kNm) SF (kN) BM (kNm) SF (kN) BM (kNm) SF (kN)
ULS 1 118 253 58 59 43 191
ULS 2 117 214 37 54 41 152
ULS 3 115 176 16 49 39 114
SLS 1 75 160 37 37 27 121
23.4 Design of deck slab :
Thickness of deck slab at Section 1-1 = 0.220 m

Width of deck slab = 1 m
Characteristic comp strength of concrete fck = 30 N/mm2
Characteristic yield strength of steel fyk = 500 N/mm2
Characteristic yield strength of stirrups fyv = 415 N/mm2
Modulus of elasticity for steel Es = 200000 N/mm2
Modulus of elasticity for concrete Ecm = 27386.13 N/mm2
Clear cover to reinforcement c = 40 mm
23.4.1 Design for Flexure at ULS :
Unit Section1-1 Section2-2 Section3-3

Parameters (hogging) (sagging) (hogging)
Design BM Md kNm 118 58 43
Overall Depth D mm 220 250 220
Width B mm 1000 1000 1000
Dia of bar f mm 16 12 16
Spacing of bar S mm 100 100 100
Clear Cover Cmin mm 30 30 30
Eff Depth d mm 182 214 182
Area of r/f Ast pro. mm2 2011 1131 2011
Percentage of steel Pt 0.009 0.005 0.009
Lever arm z mm 145 193 145
Ultimate MR Mu kNm 126.9 95.1 126.9
Capacity Check Md/Mu 0.930 0.610 0.339
OK OK OK
Check for min area of r/f Ast min mm2 364 428 364
OK OK OK
Check for max area of r/f Ast max mm2 2011 1131 2011
OK OK OK
Secondary r/f 218 257 218
Dia of bar fs mm 10 10 10
Spacing required Sreq mm 360 306 360
Spacing provided Spro mm 150 150 150
OK OK OK
23.4.2 Design for Shear :

Design SF Vu kN 253 59 191
Shear Stress v MPa 1.39 0.28 1.05
Max Shear Strength v max MPa 4.11 4.11 4.11
OK OK OK
Ultimate shear stress vc MPa 0.69 0.54 0.69
Depth factor s 1.3 1.25 1.3
Check for shear r/f Req Not req Req
Strirrup dia mm 10 10 10
Spacing Sv mm 150 150 150
Number of legs 10.00 10.00 10.00
Required Shear reinforcement mm2 369 166 227
Provided reinforcement mm2 5236 5236 5236
OK OK OK
23.4.3 Check for Stresses & Crack Width at SLS :

Modular Ratio [2p m+(p m)2 ]- [p m] m 7.30 7.30 7.30
t t t
NA factor 0.30 0.23 0.30
Depth of NA from compression fibre mm 55 48 55
Properties of Gross Section
CG of gross section from comprs mm 110 125 110
CG of gross section from tension mm 110 125 110
Gross area of c/s Ag mm2 220000 250000 220000
Gross moment of inertia Ig mm4 8.87E+08 1.30E+09 8.87E+08
Properties of Uncracked transformed Section
CG of Uncracked section from comprs YtT mm 127 166 127
CG of Uncracked section from tension YbT mm 93 84 93
CG of Uncracked section from steel YsT mm 55 48 55
Uncracked Moment of Inertia IT mm4 9.48E+08 1.71E+09 9.48E+08
Properties of Cracked transformed Section
CG of Cracked section from comprs Y tCr mm 55 48 55
CG of Cracked section from tension Y bCr mm 165 202 165
CG of Cracked section from steel Y sCr mm 127 166 127
Cracked Moment of Inertia I Cr mm4 1.54E+09 2.77E+09 1.54E+09
Calculation of Stresses
Design BM Md kNm 75 37 27
Design BM due to permanent loads Mg kNm 70.40 -22.00 22.40
Design BM due to live loads Mq kNm 4.60 59.00 4.60
Cracking BM Mcr kNm 36 53 36
Cracked Uncracked Uncracked
Compressive stress in concrete Fc MPa 2.70 0.65 0.97
Permissible compressive in concrete Fc,per MPa 15 15 15
OK OK OK
Tensile Stress in steel Fst MPa 6.16 2.21 2.22
Permissible tensile stress in steel Fst,per MPa 375 375 375
OK OK OK
Calculation of Crack Width
Dist from comp face to crack a' mm 220 250 220
Depth of NA from comprs face dc mm 127 166 127
Strain in the reinforcement es 3.08E-05 1.11E-05 1.11E-05
Strain at crack level ignoring stiffening effect e1 6.33E-05 2.43E-05 2.28E-05
Strain at crack level considering stiffening eff em -0.01 -0.28 -0.03
Dist from crack to nearest long bar acr mm 48.00 46.00 48.00
Design crack width Cwd mm 0.00 0.00 0.00
Permissible crack width (CL 10.2.1 (e) of IRS CBC) mm 0.20 0.20 0.20
(Moderate environment exposure conditions) OK OK OK
HSD/TMT bars conforming to IS:1786-2000 shall be used. Railway shall provide supporting chairs at
suitable interval wherever required. Weight of reinforced concrete is assumed to be 25 KN/m^3.
Controlled mass concrete of minimum cube strength of 30 N/mm^2 at 28 days is to be used. Minimum
quantity of cement from durability consideration should conform to clause no. 5.4.5 of IRS Concrete
Bridge Code - 1997 incorporating A&C Sup No. 1 to 12. Maximum size of aggregate to be used is 20
mm. The design is suitable for moderate environment exposure conditions (design crack width not to
exceed 0.02 mm as per clause no. 10.2.1 (e) of IRS Concrete Bridge Code). The design is suitable for
straight track alignment. The design of the slab caters for mis-alignment of track to the extent of 100
mm. The slab has been designed for 400 mm ballast cushion and checked for 300 mm ballast cushion
vide clause no. 2.2.2 of IRS Bridge Rules. The slab has been checked against derailment loads vide
clause no. 2.14 of IRS Bridge Rules. Casting of slab should be done in one pour from centre to the
ends. If it is not possible and construction joints are provided, the casting shall be done as per sequence
indicated.
The surface should be thoroughly cleaned, washed and a thin layer of cement slurry should be applied
before resumption of concrete work. Guard rails shall be provided for the entire length of the bridge. The
top surface of the slab should be given a few coats of coal tar/bitumen or any other suitable water
proofing treatment before the track is laid on it.
24. Calculation for Camber:
Deflection = 5 w L4 / 384 E I (Mid span Deflection)

Mid span deflection due to :-
1. D.L. of slab = 0.591 cm (for girder section only) w= 1.843 t/m
2. SIDL(Track and Ballast ) = 0.270 cm (for composite section) w= 3.011 t/m
3. Live load = 0.880 cm (for composite section) w= 9.813 t/m
Total Deflection = 1.741 cm (at mid span)
The deflection at any point, x, along the span of a uniformly loaded simply supported beam can be
calculated using:
(q = w)
x (from Deflection (mm) due to Total

support) DL of slab SIDL Live Load camber
1.975 2.6 1.2 3.8 7.6
3.65 4.4 2.0 6.5 12.8
5.325 5.5 2.5 8.2 16.2
7 5.9 2.7 8.8 17.4 (Mid span)
8.675 5.5 2.5 8.2 16.2
10.235 4.5 2.0 6.6 13.1 (Splice location)
10.35 4.4 2.0 6.5 12.8
12.025 2.6 1.2 3.8 7.6
CL OF BEARING CL OF GIRDER CL OF SPLICE
CAMBER DIAGRAM
20.0
δ (mm)
10.0
0.0
0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000
x (mm)
CAMBER-------> 7.6 12.8 16.2 17.4 16.2 12.8 7.6

13.1
300 1675 1675 300
3235
3350 3350
5025 5025
6700 6700
Camber is to be provided by cutting the web plate in profile as per dimensions indicated above. Flange
splice plates are to be bent to suit the Camber profile of the girder. It is expected that the plates will bend
during bolt tightening. However if any problem is experienced, the Flange splice plates may be bent
hydraulically. web splice plate is straight and the holes in these plates are as per Camber given. the
distance of first row of holes in web splice from bottom of web are varying as per Camber given. This
has been done to ensure that holes are in horizontal line whereas web is cut to Camber profile. web
splice plate and their holes are also horizontal.
The height of the web plate should be maintained as 942 mm throughout length of the girder.
Developed by Sukalyan Sarkar
25. Design of End Cross Girder : (Non Jacking Condition)
I-Section:
b1
b2
b3
t3 b1 = 0 mm t1 = 0 mm
t2 b2 = 0 mm t2 = 0 mm
t1 b3 = 200 mm t3 = 12 mm
dw = 726 mm tw = 12 mm
b4 = 200 mm t4 = 12 mm
b5 = 0 mm t5 = 0 mm
b6 = 0 mm t6 = 0 mm
Z Z dw
Total Depth,
tw D= 750 mm
t4 A = 0.0135 m^2
t5 Iy = 0.00002 m^4
t6 Iz = 0.0012 m^4
b4
b5
b6
Section Properties:
b d A Yc.bot Ic A.(Yc.bot) Yc.indi A.(Yc.indi)2 Izz=Ic + A.(Yc.indi)2 Iyy

0 0.000 0 0.75 0 0.00000 0.375 0 0.00000 0.00000
0 0.000 0 0.75 0 0.00000 0.375 0 0.00000 0.00000
0.2 0.012 0.0024 0.744 0.0000000288 0.00179 0.369 0.0004 0.00040 0.00001
0.012 0.726 0.008712 0.375 0.000382657176 0.00327 0.000 0 0.00038 0.00000
0.2 0.012 0.0024 0.006 0.0000000288 0.00001 -0.369 0.0004 0.00040 0.00001
0 0.000 0 0 0 0.00000 -0.375 0 0.00000 0.00000
0 0.000 0 0 0 0.00000 -0.375 0 0.00000 0.00000
0.0135 0.00507 0.0012 0.00002
Ycg.bottom = 0.375 m Zbp = 0.00315391 m3

Ycg.top = 0.375 m Ztp = 0.00315391 m3
total depth = 0.750 m
Area of Cross-section, = 0.014 m2 Zzztop, = 0.0032 m3
CGbase = = 0.375 m Zzzbottom, = 0.0032 m3
Izz CG, = 0.0012 m4 Radius of gyration, rxx = 0.296 m
Iyy CG, = 0.00002 m4 ryy = 0.035 m
St.Venant's torsion constant #VALUE! = 635512.3 mm4

Check for local buckling of individual parts of the section: As per Cl-5.10 of IRS SBC
Permissible web depth/ thickness = 85 (Cl - 3.9.1.1 of IRS SBC) (for steel to IS:226 and IS:2062)
Ratio of web depth to thickness = 726/12
= 61 Within limits
Outstand of flange:
Permissible outstand of compressionflange = 16 t = 16×12 = 192 mm

Actual outstand of compression flange (200-12)/2 = 94 mm Verified. As per Cl-5.5.3 of IRS SBC
Permissible outstand of tension flange = 20 t = 20×12 = 240 mm
Actual outstand of tension flange = (200-12)/2 = 94 mm Verified. As per Cl-5.5.5 of IRS SBC
Permissible stresses:
Type of steel (MS/HTS) = MS

Grade of steel used = E - 240
ssy = 240 N/mm2 (Ref Table 2 of IS: 2062_2011)
Number of cycles for design = 02.0E+06 cycles (Cl 10.2.1 of IRS SBC)
As the compression flange is not directly loaded and not free to move laterally the
additional factor on buckling length (Table 18 of IRS CBC 1997) = 1
Effective length of compression flange is found to be 2.400
Effective length of compression flange, = 1×2.4 = 2.400 m
Estimation of permissible compressive stress,

t1/tw = 12/12 = 1.0 < 2.0 (Cl - 3.9.1.1 of IRS SBC)
dw/tw = 726/12 = 60.5 < 85 (Cl - 3.9.1.1 of IRS SBC)
Increase in value of Cs = 1.20 (Cl - 3.9.1.1 of IRS SBC) Cs = critical stress in the compression element
Cs 267730*(1+1/20*((/)/(/))^2)^0.5*/(/)^2 = 69 kg/mm2
From Table VIII, IRS Steel Bridge Code

Permissible stress corresponding to Cs = 130.1 N/mm2
From Table II, IRS Steel Bridge Code
For flexural action under normal load combinations
Permissible Tensile stress = 144.0 N/mm2
Permissible Compressive stress MIN(,) = 130.1 N/mm2
Permissible Average Shear stress (Table 2 of IRS SBC) = 87.0 N/mm2
Permissible stress in bending tension (Table 2 of IRS SBC) = 150.0 N/mm2
Check for Bending :

Axial force on end cross girder = 4.160 t
Self weight of cross girder = 0.106 t/m

BM due to self weight of end cross girder = 0.0764 t-m
SF due to self weight of cross girder = 0.1273 t
Thus Maximum Bending Moment, M = 0.1 ton-m

Here, Section Modulus, Z = 0.0032 m3
Bending Stress = 0.24 MPa
Permissible Bending Stress = 130.1 MPa Hence Safe
Check for vertical shear stress
Maximum vertical shear Fy = 0.1 t

Vertical shear stress (web) = 0.146 N/mm2
Permissible Shear Stress = 87.0 N/mm2 Shear capacity is verified
Check for shear stress

As per (Table-II, IRS-SBC) permissible shear stress = 87.00 N/mm2

Assume actual provision of weld thickness as 6.0 mm x 2.000 nos
Actual longitudinal shear 0.93 / 8.4 t║weld = 0.11 N/mm2
Hence considering the web width at the connection as = 12.00 mm
Longitudinal shear in top of web 1 / 0.11 t║web = 8.99 N/mm2
Check for axial stress
Axial stress = 307.888 t/m^2

Allowable axial stress =
L/r = 8.11206
Permissible axial stress= 13.85 N/mm2 (For P = 16.5 kg/mm^2)
(Ref. Table-IV of IRS Steel bridge Code)= 1412.307 t/m^2 OK
DESIGN OF INTERMEDIATE STIFFENER : (Jacking Stiffeners and Bearing Stiffeners)
Design of Intermediate stiffeners: (Cl 13.4.1 of IRS Welded Bridge Code)
2-Plate 90 x 12 (At jacking location, thickness = 12 mm)

Area = 1080 mm 2
Cxx
Cxx = 45 mm 12
Ixx = 729000.0 mm 4
rxx = 25.98076 mm 90 90
tw = 12 mm of XG
Max,Effective length of web p(Cl 5.10.4 of IRS SBC) 16 x tw x 2 = 384

Leffweb = = 384 mm
(WEB IGNORED BELOW)
Ixx of section about the centre of web 2×729000+2×(1080×(45+12/2)^2) = 7076160 mm4
Minimum moment of inertia required as per code (Cl 5.10.2.3 of IRS SBC)
I = = 1.5×726^3×12^3/(1.5×726)^2 = 836352 mm4 Hence Safe.
Maximum spacing of stiffeners allowed (1.5*d) = 1089 mm (As per Cl-5.10 of IRS Steel Bridge Code)
Provide spacing = 550 mm OK
Check for Temperature Stress : (Refer to IRC-6-2014 and IRS Bridge Rules)
C/c of Girders = 2.40 m

The co-efficient of expansion = 11.7E-06 per 1⁰ C (for steel and reinforced concrete)
Change in Length due to temperature ef ΔL = L a Δt = 0.0007 m = 0.702 mm

So, axial force acting on the end cross girder ΔLAE/L = 82.997 T
Stress accumulated in end cross girder steel = 6142.50 t/m2
From the Design of end cross girder:


Comp. at girder top = 13010 t/m2

Tensile at bottom = 15000 t/m2 Hence OK
DESIGN OF END CROSS GIRDER (CENTRAL SPAN)
JACKING CONDITION :-
GIRDER-1 GIRDER-2
DEAD LOAD : 24.93 ton DEAD LOAD : 24.93 ton
SIDL : 24.24 ton SIDL : 24.24 ton
49.17 t 49.17 t
CL of jack CL of jack
0.6 1.1 0.6
2.40
R1 = 49.17 t R2 = 49.17 t
LOADING DIAGRAM
31.958
Mton-m 31.958 Mton-m
BENDING MOMENT DIAGRAM
0.000 t 49.167 t
-49.167 t
SHEAR FORCE DIAGRAM
Maximum Bending Moment = 31.958 ton-m

Maximum Shear Force = 49.167 ton
Consider the section for End Cross Girder (Shown below) :
20 cm
1.2 cm Area, A = 135.12 cm2
Ixx = 103628.8 cm4
72.6 cm Zxx = 2763.4 cm3
1.2 scbc allowable = 1500 kg/cm2
cm (Ref Table-II of IRS Steel Bridge Code)
1.2 cm scbc actual = 1156.5 kg/cm2 Hence Safe
20 cm
Permissible Shear Stress = 870 kg/cm2 (Ref Table-II of IRS Steel Bridge Code)
tv cal = *1000/(*) = 564.4 kg/cm 2
Hence Safe.
DESIGN OF CONNECTION Consider the Bolt for connection is
Calculation of Bolt Capacity :
Here, bolt used for all connection : HSFG
Therefore, as per IS 4000:1992,

From Table 2, for Single Shear Capacity of Bolt = 50.80 kN
From Cl. 5.3.4 Bearing Capacity = 1.2 x fy x d x t = 5.8 kN x Corr. Plate Thickness
Whichever is Less
Shear Connection
Plate thickness = 12 mm Hence, Bolt Capacity = 10.16 ton

For Girder 1 Shear Force = 49.2 ton
Bolt Required = 4.84 Say 5 Nos
For Girder 2 Shear Force = 49.2 ton
Bolt Required = 4.84 Say 5 Nos
Maximum axial force in cross girder = 87.158

Shear in each bolt due to axial force in cross girder = 6.704 ton OK
Shear in each bolt due to shear force in cross girder = 3.782 ton OK
Resultant shear in each bolt = 7.698 ton OK
No. of Bolts provided = 13 OK

26. Design of Intermediate Cross Girder :
I-Section:
b1
b2
b3
t3 b1 = 0 mm t1 = 0 mm
t2 b2 = 80 mm t2 = 12 mm
t1 b3 = 200 mm t3 = 12 mm
dw = 300 mm tw = 12 mm
b4 = 200 mm t4 = 12 mm
b5 = 80 mm t5 = 12 mm
b6 = 0 mm t6 = 0 mm
Z Z dw
Total Depth,
tw D= 348 mm
t4 A = 0.0103 m^2
t5 Iy = 0.00002 m^4
t6 Iz = 0.0004 m^4
b4
b5
b6
Section Properties:
b d A Yc.bot Ic A.(Yc.bot) Yc.indi A.(Yc.indi)2 Izz=Ic + A.(Yc.indi)2 Iyy

0 0.000 0 0.348 0 0.00000 0.174 0 0.00000 0.00000
0.08 0.012 0.00096 0.342 0.00000001152 0.00033 0.168 0.0001 0.00010 0.00000
0.2 0.012 0.0024 0.33 0.0000000288 0.00079 0.156 0.0001 0.00010 0.00001
0.012 0.300 0.0036 0.174 0.000027 0.00063 0.000 0 0.00003 0.00000
0.2 0.012 0.0024 0.018 0.0000000288 0.00004 -0.156 0.0001 0.00010 0.00001
0.08 0.012 0.00096 0.006 0.00000001152 0.00001 -0.168 0.0001 0.00010 0.00000
0 0.000 0 0 0 0.00000 -0.174 0 0.00000 0.00000
0.0103 0.00180 0.0004 0.00002
Ycg.bottom = 0.174 m Zbp = 0.00245449 m3

Ycg.top = 0.174 m Ztp = 0.00245449 m3
total depth = 0.348 m
Area of Cross-section, = 0.010 m2 Zzztop, = 0.0025 m3
CGbase = = 0.174 m Zzzbottom, = 0.0025 m3
Izz CG, = 0.0004 m4 Radius of gyration, rxx = 0.203 m
Iyy CG, = 0.00002 m4 ryy = 0.041 m
St.Venant's torsion constant #VALUE! = 473587.2 mm4

Check for local buckling of individual parts of the section: As per Cl-5.10 of IRS SBC
Permissible web depth/ thickness = 85 (Cl - 3.9.1.1 of IRS SBC) (for steel to IS:226 and IS:2062)
Ratio of web depth to thickness = 300/12
= 25 Within limits
Outstand of flange:
Permissible outstand of compressionflange = 16 t = 16×12 = 192 mm

Actual outstand of compression flange (200-12)/2 = 94 mm Verified. As per Cl-5.5.3 of IRS SBC
Permissible outstand of tension flange = 20 t = 20×12 = 240 mm
Actual outstand of tension flange = (200-12)/2 = 94 mm Verified. As per Cl-5.5.5 of IRS SBC
Permissible stresses:
Type of steel (MS/HTS) = MS

Grade of steel used = E - 240
ssy = 240 N/mm2 (Ref Table 2 of IS: 2062_2011)
As the compression flange is not directly loaded and not free to move laterally the
additional factor on buckling length (Table 18 of IRS CBC 1997) = 1
Effective length of compression flange is found to be 2.400
Effective length of compression flange, = 1×2.4 = 2.400 m
Estimation of permissible compressive stress,

t1/tw = 12/12 = 1.0 < 2.0 (Cl - 3.9.1.1 of IRS SBC)
dw/tw = 300/12 = 25 < 85 (Cl - 3.9.1.1 of IRS SBC)
Increase in value of Cs = 1.20 (Cl - 3.9.1.1 of IRS SBC) Cs = critical stress in the compression element
Cs 267730*(1+1/20*((/)/(/))^2)^0.5*/(/)^2 = 101 kg/mm2
From Table VIII, IRS Steel Bridge Code

Permissible stress corresponding to Cs = 144.3 N/mm2
From Table II, IRS Steel Bridge Code
For flexural action under normal load combinations
Permissible Tensile stress = 144.0 N/mm2
Permissible Compressive stress MIN(,) = 144.0 N/mm2
Permissible Average Shear stress (Table 2 of IRS SBC) = 87.0 N/mm2
Permissible stress in bending tension (Table 2 of IRS SBC) = 150.0 N/mm2
Check for Bending :

Axial force on int.cross girder = 8.320 t
Self weight of cross girder = 0.081 t/m

BM due to self weight of int. cross girder = 0.0583 t-m
SF due to self weight of cross girder = 0.0972 t
Thus Maximum Bending Moment, M = 0.1 ton-m

Here, Section Modulus, Z = 0.0025 m3
Bending Stress 0.24 MPa
Permissible Bending Stress = 144.3 MPa Hence Safe
Check for vertical shear stress
Maximum vertical shear Fy = 0.1 t

Vertical shear stress (web) = 0.270 N/mm2
Permissible Shear Stress = 87.0 N/mm2 Shear capacity is verified
Check for shear stress

As per (Table-II, IRS-SBC) permissible shear stress = 87.00 N/mm2

Assume actual provision of weld thickness as 6.0 mm x 2.000 nos
Actual longitudinal shear 1.22 / 8.4 t║weld = 0.14 N/mm2
Hence considering the web width at the connection as = 12.00 mm
Longitudinal shear in top of web 1 / 0.14 t║web = 6.91 N/mm2
Check for axial stress
Axial stress = 806.238 t/m^2

Allowable axial stress:
L/r = 11.7977
Permissible axial stress= 13.79 N/mm2 (For P = 16.5 kg/mm^2)
(Ref. Table-IV of IRS Steel bridge Code)= 1406.189 t/m^2 OK
Check for Temperature Stress : (Refer to IRC-6-2014 and IRS Bridge Rules)
C/c of Girders = 2.40 m

The co-efficient of expansion = 11.7E-06 per 1⁰ C (for steel and reinforced concrete)
Change in Length due to temperature ef ΔL = L a Δt = 0.0007 m = 0.702 mm

So, axial force acting on the int. cross girder ΔLAE/L = 63.391 T
Stress accumulated in int. cross girder steel = 6142.50 t/m2
From the Design of int. cross girder:


Comp. at girder top = 14430 t/m2

Tensile at bottom = 15000 t/m2 Hence OK
STAAD INPUT FOR LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS
STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 27-Dec-23
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER KN
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0 0 0; 2 0.15 0 0; 3 14.15 0 0; 4 14.3 0 0; 5 0 0 0.362; 8 14.3 0 0.362;
9 0 0 2.038; 12 14.3 0 2.038; 13 0 0 2.4; 14 0.15 0 2.4; 15 14.15 0 2.4;
16 14.3 0 2.4; 17 0 0 -1.25; 20 14.3 0 -1.25; 21 0 0 3.65; 24 14.3 0 3.65;
25 2.15 0 0; 26 4.15 0 0; 27 6.15 0 0; 28 8.15 0 0; 29 10.15 0 0; 30 12.15 0 0;
31 2.15 0 0.362; 32 4.15 0 0.362; 33 6.15 0 0.362; 34 8.15 0 0.362;
35 10.15 0 0.362; 36 12.15 0 0.362; 37 2.15 0 2.038; 38 4.15 0 2.038;
39 6.15 0 2.038; 40 8.15 0 2.038; 41 10.15 0 2.038; 42 12.15 0 2.038;
43 2.15 0 2.4; 44 4.15 0 2.4; 45 6.15 0 2.4; 46 8.15 0 2.4; 47 10.15 0 2.4;
48 12.15 0 2.4; 49 2.15 0 -1.25; 50 4.15 0 -1.25; 51 6.15 0 -1.25;
52 8.15 0 -1.25; 53 10.15 0 -1.25; 54 12.15 0 -1.25; 55 2.15 0 3.65;
56 4.15 0 3.65; 57 6.15 0 3.65; 58 8.15 0 3.65; 59 10.15 0 3.65;
60 12.15 0 3.65; 61 0 0 -2.15; 64 14.3 0 -2.15; 65 2.15 0 -2.15;
66 4.15 0 -2.15; 67 6.15 0 -2.15; 68 8.15 0 -2.15; 69 10.15 0 -2.15;
70 12.15 0 -2.15; 71 4.475 0 0; 72 4.475 0 2.4; 73 9.775 0 0; 74 9.775 0 2.4;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 1 2; 2 2 25; 3 3 4; 4 5 31; 6 8 36; 7 9 37; 9 12 42; 10 13 14; 11 14 43;
12 15 16; 13 61 65; 15 64 70; 16 21 55; 18 24 60; 19 25 26; 20 26 71; 21 27 28;
22 28 73; 23 29 30; 24 30 3; 25 31 32; 26 32 33; 27 33 34; 28 34 35; 29 35 36;
31 37 38; 32 38 39; 33 39 40; 34 40 41; 35 41 42; 37 43 44; 38 44 72; 39 45 46;
40 46 74; 41 47 48; 42 48 15; 43 65 66; 44 66 67; 45 67 68; 46 68 69; 47 69 70;
49 55 56; 50 56 57; 51 57 58; 52 58 59; 53 59 60; 55 17 1; 56 1 5; 57 5 9;
58 9 13; 59 13 21; 65 49 25; 66 25 31; 67 31 37; 68 37 43; 69 43 55; 70 50 26;
71 26 32; 72 32 38; 73 38 44; 74 44 56; 75 51 27; 76 27 33; 77 33 39; 78 39 45;
79 45 57; 80 52 28; 81 28 34; 82 34 40; 83 40 46; 84 46 58; 85 53 29; 86 29 35;
87 35 41; 88 41 47; 89 47 59; 90 54 30; 91 30 36; 92 36 42; 93 42 48; 94 48 60;
100 20 4; 101 4 8; 102 8 12; 103 12 16; 104 16 24; 105 2 14; 106 3 15;
107 71 27; 108 72 45; 109 73 29; 110 74 47; 111 71 72; 112 73 74; 114 17 61;
116 49 65; 117 50 66; 118 51 67; 119 52 68; 120 53 69; 121 54 70; 123 20 64;
124 17 49; 125 49 50; 126 50 51; 127 51 52; 128 52 53; 129 53 54; 130 20 54;
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC STEEL
E 2.05e+008
POISSON 0.3
DENSITY 76.8195
ALPHA 1.2e-005
DAMP 0.03
G 7.88462e+007
TYPE STEEL
STRENGTH RY 1.5 RT 1.2
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 2.17185e+007
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 23.5616
ALPHA 1e-005
DAMP 0.05
G 9.28139e+006
TYPE CONCRETE
STRENGTH FCU 27579
END DEFINE MATERIAL
MEMBER PROPERTY AMERICAN
1 TO 3 10 TO 12 19 TO 24 37 TO 42 107 TO 109 -
110 PRIS AX 0.1243 IX 1e-006 IY 0.0018 IZ 0.0266 YD 1.002 ZD 0.67
4 6 7 9 13 15 16 18 25 TO 29 31 TO 35 43 TO 47 49 TO 53 124 TO 129 -
130 PRIS YD 0.1 ZD 0.1
55 TO 59 100 TO 104 114 123 PRIS YD 0.22 ZD 0.075
65 TO 94 116 TO 121 PRIS YD 0.22 ZD 2
105 106 PRIS AX 0.0135 IX 1e-007 IY 2e-005 IZ 0.0012 YD 0.75 ZD 0.2
111 112 PRIS AX 0.0103 IX 1e-007 IY 2e-005 IZ 0.0004 YD 0.348 ZD 0.2
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL STEEL MEMB 1 TO 3 10 TO 12 19 TO 24 37 TO 42 105 TO 112
MATERIAL CONCRETE MEMB 4 6 7 9 13 15 16 18 25 TO 29 31 TO 35 43 TO 47 -
49 TO 53 55 TO 59 65 TO 94 100 TO 104 114 116 TO 121 123 TO 130
SUPPORTS
2 3 14 15 PINNED
MEMBER RELEASE
105 106 111 112 START MX MY MZ
105 106 111 112 END MX MY MZ
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE DL
MEMBER LOAD
10 TO 12 37 TO 42 108 110 UNI GY -14.58
16 18 49 TO 53 UNI GY -7
1 TO 3 10 TO 12 19 TO 24 37 TO 42 107 TO 110 UNI GY -1.99
13 15 43 TO 47 UNI GY -13.16
13 15 43 TO 47 UNI GY -2.4
1 TO 3 19 TO 24 107 109 UNI GY -18.43
105 106 UNI GY -1.06
111 112 UNI GY -0.81
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE None TITLE SIDL
MEMBER LOAD
LOAD 3 LOADTYPE None TITLE LL+CDA BENDING
MEMBER LOAD
7 9 31 TO 35 UNI GY -80.6
4 6 25 TO 29 UNI GY -95.3
LOAD 4 LOADTYPE None TITLE LL+CDA SHEAR
MEMBER LOAD
7 9 31 TO 35 UNI GY -89.3
4 6 25 TO 29 UNI GY -105.5
LOAD 5 LOADTYPE None TITLE CENTRIFUGAL
LOAD 6 LOADTYPE None TITLE DERAILMENT LOAD
MEMBER LOAD
124 TO 130 UNI GY -94

LOAD 7 LOADTYPE None TITLE WIND
MEMBER LOAD
LOAD 8 LOADTYPE None TITLE SEISMIC
LOAD COMB 100 SHEAR FOR STUDS
2 1.0 4 1.0
PERFORM ANALYSIS
FINISH
STAAD INPUT FOR DECK SLAB ANALYSIS

STAAD SPACE
START JOB INFORMATION
ENGINEER DATE 04-Jul-20
END JOB INFORMATION
INPUT WIDTH 79
UNIT METER MTON
JOINT COORDINATES
1 0.05 0 0; 2 1.2775 0 0; 3 1.4 0 0; 4 1.6 0 0; 5 1.8 0 0; 6 1.925 0 0;
7 2.65 0 0; 8 3.675 0 0; 9 3.8 0 0; 10 4 0 0; 11 4.2 0 0; 12 4.3225 0 0;
13 5.25 0 0; 14 -0.550001 0 0;
MEMBER INCIDENCES
1 2 1; 2 3 2; 3 4 3; 4 5 4; 5 6 5; 6 7 6; 7 8 7; 8 9 8; 9 10 9; 10 11 10;
11 12 11; 12 13 12; 13 1 14;
DEFINE MATERIAL START
ISOTROPIC STEEL
E 2.05e+007
POISSON 0.3
DENSITY 7.8
ALPHA 1.2e-005
DAMP 0.03
ISOTROPIC CONCRETE
E 2.955e+006
POISSON 0.17
DENSITY 2.5
ALPHA 1e-005
DAMP 0.05
END DEFINE MATERIAL
1 TO 13 PRIS YD 0.22 ZD 1
CONSTANTS
MATERIAL CONCRETE ALL
SUPPORTS
4 10 PINNED
LOAD 1 LOADTYPE None TITLE DL
MEMBER LOAD
1 TRAP GY -0.615385 -0.54
2 TRAP GY -0.623077 -0.615385
3 TRAP GY -0.635385 -0.623077
4 TRAP GY -0.647692 -0.635385
5 TRAP GY -0.655385 -0.647692
6 TRAP GY -0.7 -0.655385
7 TRAP GY -0.636923 -0.7
8 TRAP GY -0.629231 -0.636923
9 TRAP GY -0.616923 -0.629231
10 TRAP GY -0.604615 -0.616923
11 TRAP GY -0.596923 -0.604615
12 TRAP GY -0.54 -0.596923
13 UNI GY -0.54
LOAD 2 LOADTYPE None TITLE SIDL
MEMBER LOAD
1 TO 12 UNI GY -0.063
1 TO 12 UNI GY -0.8697
1 TO 12 UNI GY -0.1717
JOINT LOAD
13 FY -0.45
14 FY -1.19
14 FY -0.24
LOAD 3 LOADTYPE None TITLE LL+CDA
MEMBER LOAD
2 TO 11 UNI GY -9
LOAD 4 LOADTYPE None TITLE DERAILMENT LOAD
MEMBER LOAD
2 TO 11 UNI GY -6.6
*
LOAD 5 LOADTYPE None TITLE LL+CDA 1
MEMBER LOAD
2 TO 11 UNI GY -8.92
**
LOAD COMB 10 ULS1
1 1.25 2 2.0 3 1.75
LOAD COMB 11 ULS2
1 1.25 2 2.0 5 1.4
LOAD COMB 12 ULS3
1 1.25 2 2.0 4 1.4
LOAD COMB 13 SLS1
1 1.0 2 1.2 3 1.1
PERFORM ANALYSIS
FINISH
27 INTRODUCTION TO BEARING LOAD:
This design note consists of the calculation of Bearing Loads for elastomeric bearing of Steel Composite Girder
Superstructure for 14 m c/c Span and overall span of 14.3m.
The calculation has been done for 'Loading (25 T Axle Load)' as per IRS Bridge rules.
Codes : (1) IRS Bridge Rule
(2) IITK RDSO SEISMIC GUIDELINES FOR DESIGN OF RAILWAY BRIDGE-2010
(3) IRC 83 (PART-II)-2018
NOTE: As the overall span of the bridge is within 30m alongside a single span, as per Cl-6.6 of IITK RDSO SEISMIC
GUIDELINES FOR DESIGN OF RAILWAY BRIDGE-2010 the design has been done without any consideration of
Seismic Loads for Superstructure as well as substructure. But in bearing load calculation has to be done for the consideration
of vertical motion according to Cl.6.8.1 of the above.
So, the horizontal load calculation has to be done for Wind load. But there are some other considerations which have to be
maintained in the bearing load calculation according to IITK RDSO Guidelines for Seismic Design.
The design is based on UIC code - 772 - 2R, Code for the use of rubber bearing for rail bridges and IRC - 83 Part II. The
static shear modulus for the elastomeric pads has been assumed as 0.9 Mpa. Maximum design pressure below the bearing
assembly is 0.8 kg/mm^2. Fabrication and testing of bearings shall be done as given in IRC 83 Part II 2018, para 6 and 7.
The elastomeric pads shall be of IRHD-70 and shall conform to the specifications laid down in UIC 772-2R. Grooved bottom
surface of the top plate and top surface of the bottom plate shall be vulcanized to elastomeric pad. Pasting/Gluing of rubber to
steel is not allowed. Counter sunk bolts should not project beyond machined surfaces. When replacing bearings in existing
girders, all bearings in one line of support shall be replaced together. Drainage shall be ensured by providing slope away from
bearing in all directions. Bearing shall rest on flat horizontal surface. Bearings must be placed between true horizontal surface
(max. tolerance +/- 3 mm). Provisions of para 9.3 of IRC 83 Part II 2018 shall be followed for installation of bearings. It is
preferable that bearing shall be installed at nearly mean temperature. For new works, RCC bed block shall be min. M35. For
existing works, RCC bed block concret should not be less than M20. All bolts, nuts etc. shall conform to provisions of
IS:1364. Pedestal if provided, shall project minimum 150 mm beyond the bottom plate. All holes for anchor bolts are 40 mm
for 36 mm dia. In case of multi span arrangement, if structurally required, suitable longitudinal seismic restrainers and other
complementary modifications in substructures may be designed and adopted.
Design of Bearing
28 Design of Elastomeric bearing as per IRC-83-2015 Developed by Sukalyan Sarkar
Bearing identification mark

Number off
Upper surface Concrete
Seating Material
Lower surface Cement Mortar
Vertical Max 2169
Vertical 769
Ultimate Limit permanant
state - Envelope Vertical Min 556
Transverse 72
Longitudinal 158
Vertical Max 2169
Ultimate Limit Vertical Min 603
state - Basic Transverse 55
Longitudinal 158
Vertical Max 2169
state - Accedental Transverse 55
Longitudinal 158
Design load effects (kN)
Vertical Max 1812
state - Seismic
Downwards Transverse 0
Longitudinal 0
Vertical Max 891
state - Seismic
Upwards Transverse 72
Longitudinal 72
Vertical Max
Vertical
permanant As per IRC:83-2015, No SLS
Serviceability
provisions for elastomeric
Limit state Vertical Min bearing
Transverse
Longitudinal
Ultimate Limit Transverse 27
state - Envelope Longitudinal 60
state - Basic Longitudinal 60
state - Accidental Longitudinal 60
Translation (mm)
ULS - Seismic Transverse 0
Down Longitudinal 0
Transverse 27
ULS - Seismic Up
Longitudinal 27
Translation (mm)
Serviceability Transverse
NA
Limit state Longitudinal
Ultimate Limit Transverse 0.003
Rotation (rad) state - Envelope Longitudinal 0.003
Transverse 340
Maximum bearing dimensions Longitudinal 620
Max height 96
Vertical
Tolerable movement of bearing under NA
Transverse
vertical transient loads (mm) if relavent
Longitudinal
Allowable resistance to translation under Transverse NA
serviceability limit state (kN) if relavant Longitudinal
Allowable resistance to rotation under Transverse
NA
serviceability limit state (kN) if relavant Longitudinal
Upper face Friction
Type of fixing required
Lower face Friction
Longitudinal 2635
Transverse 2635
Bearing stiffness (N/mm)
Vertical 877697
Rotational 194
12.1 General Arrangement
Max C/c distance between pier = 14.30 m. Span length = 14.30 m

Effective span of girder = 14.00 m. No. of spans = 1
Depth of girder = 1.002 m.
Depth of pedstal and bearing = 0.5 m.
C/c distance between bearing. = 2.40 m.
BEARING 1/2 OUTER GIRDER BEARING 3/4 INNER GIRDER

LOAD P HL HT LOAD P HL HT
CASE KN KN KN CASE KN KN KN
DL 308 0 0 DL 159 0 0
SIDL 202 0 0 SIDL 202 0 0
FPLL 60 0 0 FPLL -29 0 0
LL 737 158 32 LL 656 158 32
DERAILMENT 1023 0 0 DERAILMENT -350 0 0
EL DN 29 45 45 EL 29 45 45
WL 64 0 38 WL 64 0 38
EL UP -29 0 0 EL UP -29 0 0
BASIC 2169 158 55 BASIC 1707 158 55
ACC 1812 0 0 ACC 253 0 0
SEISMIC / SEISMIC /
891 72 72 705 72 72
WIND DN WIND DN
SEISMIC / SEISMIC /
742 72 72 556 72 72
WIND UP WIND UP
12.3 ULS LOAD COMBINATIONS : (As per Table 12 of IRS CBC)
PEDESTAL-1/2
L/C No. P Max P Min HR max HL HT
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kN) (kN)
Basic 2169 789 167 158 55
Acc. 1812 789 0 0 0
Seis.DN 891 789 102 72 72
Seis.Up 742 742 102 72 72
PEDESTAL-3/4
L/C No. P Max P Min HR max HL HT
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kN) (kN)
Basic 1707 603 167 158 55
Acc. 253 603 0 0 0
Seis.DN 705 603 102 72 72
Seis.Up 556 556 102 72 72
Envelope for pedestal-1 to 4
L/C No. P Max P Min HL MAX HT MAX Rotation

(kN) (kN) (kN) (kN) rad
Basic 2169 603 158 55 0.003
Acc. 1812 603 0 0 0.003
Seis.DN 891 603 72 72 0.003
Seis.UP 742 556 72 72 0.003
Horizontal loads
3) Total horizontal force = 15.75 Mton in Long direction (normal case)

= 5.51 Mton in transverse direction (normal case)
= 7.19 Mton in Long direction (seismic case)
= 7.19 Mton in transverse direction (seismic case)
4) Nos of bearing sharing transverse force = 1 Nos
5) Nos of bearing sharing longitudinal force = 1 Nos
Input Data
Fz,d = Vertical Design Load = 2168750 N 216.88 ton

HL,X = Horizontal load in X - direction = 157500 N 15.75 ton With factor
HL,y = Horizontal load in Y - direction = 55125 N 5.51 ton 1.5
HL,X = Horizontal load in X - direction = 71862 N 7.19 ton
HL,y = Horizontal load in Y - direction = 71862 N 7.19 ton
Considering zero movement point at the centre of continuous unit, length to be considered for thermal
movement
No. Of spans to be considered for design = 1
Length for thermal movement = 14.30 m
Grade of concrete = M 30
G = Shear Modulus of elastomeric bearing = 0.9 Mpa Table-2 IRC-83:2015 Part-II
a = width of bearing = 340 mm
b = length of bearing = 620 mm
Side cover = 6 mm
a' = effective width of bearing = 328 mm CL. 5.2.3.1
b' = effective length of bearing = 608 mm CL. 5.2.3.1
A1 = Effective plan area of bearing = a'.b' = 199424 mm2
A = Overall area of bearing = 210800 mm2
Max. bearing pressure = 0.799 kg/mm2
Ip = Force free perimeter = 2(a' + b') = 1872 mm
te = eff. Thk. of individual elastomer layer = 12 mm
n = number of elastomer layer = 5
ts = Thickness of steel plates = 4 mm
tq = effective overall thickness = 60 mm
Tq = Total thickness of elasotomer = 72 mm
Tb = Total nominal thickness of bearing = 96
S = Shape factor = A1 / Ip .te = 8.88
S1 = Shape factor of thickest layer = 8.88 Temp. movement ltc = 4.29 mm
Vxd = Max.horizontal relative Displacement of bearing due to design load in x direction
Movement due to temperature with ULS factors - X-direction
Normal / Wind case = 14300 x 0.000012 x 25.00 x 0.90 = 3.861 mm
Seismic case = 14000 x 0.000012 x 25.00 x 0.50 = 2.1 mm
Vxd = HL,X . tq / A. G + L.a.T = 59.77 + 3.86
(Normal or wind = 0.9 ) = 63.63 mm Eq. 17 Cl 5.2.3.7 (normal)
Vxd = HL,X . tq / A. G + L.a.T = 27.27 + 2.10
(Seismic = 0.5 ) = 29.42 mm Eq. 17 Cl 5.2.3.7 (seismic)
Vyd = Max.horizontal relative Displacement of bearing due to design load in Y direction
VYd = HL,Y . tq / A. G = 20.92 mm Eq. 17 Cl 5.2.3.7
VYd = HL,Y . tq / A. G = 27.27 mm Eq. 17 Cl 5.2.3.7
Vxy,d= Max.resultant horizontal relative Displacement (Vxd +Vyd)
= 63.6 + 20.9 = 84.6 mm (normal)
= 29.4 + 27.3 = 56.7 mm (seismic)
Ar = Reduced effective plan area Ar = A1 ( 1 - Vxd / a' -Vyd/b')
Ar = 153873.10 mm2 (normal) Ar = 172593.01 mm2 (Seismic)
aa,d = angle of rotation across width a = 0.00300 radians
ab,d = angle of rotation across width b = 0.00300 radians
a = angular rotaion of bearing =
Kh = factor induced tensile stresses in plate = 1 Without holes Cl. 5.2.3.5
2 With holes
Kp = stress correction factor = 1.3 Cl. 5.2.3.5
Kr,d= rotation factor = 3 Cl. 5.2.3.6
fy = Yield stress of steel = 240 Mpa

A. Overall Temperature :
The force due to thermal movement is already considered as a force vrltc in braking force combination,
hence need not be added again.
For ULS combinations as per Table 12 of IRS CBC effect of creep and shrinkage need not be considered for
basic, accidental & seismic combinations of stress check
12.3 ULS LOAD COMBINATIONS :
L/C No. P Max P Min Rotation

(kN) (kN) rad
Basic 2169 603 0.003
Acc. 1812 603 0.003
Seis.DN 891 603 0.003
Seis.UP 742 556 0.003
CHECK FOR MAXIMUM DESIGN STRAIN e t,d As per Eq.1 of IRC:83 part-II-2015
ec,d - Strain due to compressive design load

ec,d = 1.5 . Fz,d / g. Ar. S
e q,d - Shear strain due to translatory movement
e q,d = Vxy,d / Tq
e a,d - Shear strain due to angular rotation
e a,d = (a'2 . aa,d + b'2 . ab,d).te / 2 S (te3)
KL - Type loading factor
e t,d = sum of strain in bearing
e u,d = e u,k / gm
e u,k - maximum permissible value of 7 for ULS
gm = partial safety factor = 1
i) Strain due to compressive design load ec,d As per Eq.8 of IRC:83 part-II-2015
Load Case Fz,d ec,d

Basic 2168750 2.646
Acc. 1812000 2.211
Seis.DN 891400 0.970
Seis.UP 742097 0.807
ii) Strain due to translatory movement e q,d As per Eq.10 of IRC:83 part-II-2015
Load Case Vxy,d e q,d Check

Basic 67 0.9303333 O.K.
Acc. 67 0.9303333 O.K.
Seis.DN 57 0.7873544 O.K. (For design of bearing under seismic cases, permissible shear strain
shall be considered as 2 as per equation 7.2 of EN:1998-2:2005 , εq,d <
Seis.UP 57 0.7873544 O.K. = 2 for seismic cases)
iii) Strain due to design angular rotation e a,d As per Eq.11 of IRC:83 part-II-2015
Load Case aa,d ab,d ti e a,d

Basic 0.00300 0.00300 12 0.9943
Acc. 0.00300 0.00300 12 0.9943 Min value for design is considered as
Seis.DN 0.00300 0.00300 12 0.9943 0.003 rad, actual rotations are less
Seis.UP 0.00300 0.00300 12 0.9943
Total strain
Load Case ec,d e q,d e a,d KL e t,d e u,d Check

Basic 2.646 0.9303 0.9943 1 4.5707 7 OK
Acc. 2.211 0.9303 0.9943 1 4.1354 7 OK
Seis.DN 0.9696 0.7874 0.9943 1 2.7513 7 OK
Seis.UP 0.8072 0.7874 0.9943 1 2.5888 7 OK
CHECK FOR REINFORCING PLATE THICKNESS ts As per Eq.12 of IRC:83 part-II-2015
Maximum Tensile stresses in reinforcing plates

ts - Minimum thickness of steel plate
ts = Kp. Fz,d . (t1+t2).Kh.gm / Ar . Fy
thickness of steel plate ts
Load Case Ar Fzd t1 t2 ts

Basic 153873 2168750 12 12 1.83
Acc. 153873 1812000 12 12 1.53
Seis.DN 172593 891400 12 12 0.67
Seis.UP 172593 742097 12 12 0.56
Load Case Plate thickness (ts) Thk provided

(mm) (mm)
Basic 1.83 4
Acc. 1.53 3
Seis.DN 0.67 3
Seis.UP 0.56 3
c) Limiting conditions As per Cl. 5.2.3.6of IRC:83 part-II-2015
i Rotation limitation condition

Total Vertical deflection
S vz,d - ( a'. a a,d + b' . a b,d ) / Kr,d > 0 As per Eq.13 of IRC:83 part-II-2015
Load Case ∑Vz,d aa,d ab,d Rotation Check

Basic 2.166 0.00300 0.00100 1.64 OK
Acc. 1.810 0.00300 0.00100 1.28 OK
Seis.DN 0.890 0.00300 0.00100 0.36 OK
Seis.UP 0.741 0.00300 0.00100 0.21 OK
ii Buckling Stability
Fz,d /Ar < 2.a' . G .S1 /3.Te As per Eq.15 of IRC:83 part-II-2015
2.a' . G .S1
/3.Te
Load Case Fzd/Ar Check
Basic 14.1 29.1 OK
Acc. 11.8 29.1 OK
Seis.DN 5.2 29.1 OK
Seis.UP 4.3 29.1 OK
iii Non Sliding condition
Fxyd - the resultant of all the horizontal forces

Fxyd < me . Fz,d min under permanent load
me - friction cofficient
me = 0.1 + 1.5. Kf /sm
Kf = 0.6 for concrete

sm - average compressive stress in Mpa from Fz,dmin
Load Case Fxyd Fzdmin sm me Check

Basic 166868 602750 3.02 0.40 OK
Acc. 0 602750 3.02 0.40 OK
Seis.DN 101629 602750 3.02 0.40 OK
Seis.UP 101629 555846.80 2.79 0.42 OK
scd min = Fz,d min / Ar > 3 N/mm2 As per Eq.16 of IRC:83 part-II-2015
Conservatively checked for unfactored

Load Case Fzd min Fzdmin/Ar Check permanant loads DL+SIDL
Basic 510000 3.31 OK
d) Force, Moments and Deformation exerted on the structure

i) Pressure on contact surface As per Cl. 5.2.3.7of IRC:83 part-II-2015
Rxy = A.G.vxy /Te As per Eq.17 of IRC:83 part-II-2015

Load Case Vxy Rxy Pressure Strength Chk
Basic 66.984 211803.389 1.062 14.4 OK
Acc. 66.984 211803.389 1.062 14.4 OK
Seis.DN 56.690 179252.244 0.899 14.4 OK
ii) Resistance to rotation
M= G. a.a'5.b' / n. ti3.Ks As per Eq.18 of IRC:83 part-II-2015
Load Case b/a Ks M

Basic 1.824 68.3 10560929
Acc. 1.824 68.3 10560929
Seis.DN 1.824 68.3 10560929
iii) Total Vertical Deflection
Load Case Fz Vc
Basic 2168750 2.17
Acc. 1812000 1.81
Seis.DN 891400 0.89
Spring constant values representing Elastomeric
KH = 2635 N/mm
KV = 399.71 x 210800 / 96 = 877697.33 N/mm
KQ = 399.71 x 0.00675263 / 72 = 194.33483 N/mm

CDA = 0.55
LOAD PER SPAN FOR DESIGN OF SUPERSTRUCTURE
LOAD (t) FOR DESIGN
S.N. LOAD TYPE
DL SIDL LL$ EQ/WIND(±)
1. VERTICAL 93.40 80.80 179.742 25.60
2. LONGITUDINAL 0.00 0.00 63.00 17.97
3. LATERAL Δ 0.00 0.00 12.60 17.97#
All loads are shared by four elastomeric bearings except load marked as #
Load marked as # is shared by two metallic guided bearings.
$ Live load without CDA
Δ Sum of lateral forces which are applied at different heights
29 Guide bearing:
The design is in accordance with IRC - 83 (Part III) - 2002. Guide bearings are for lateral loads to act as
seismic restrainers. Metallic guide do not carry any vertical load and are to be installed on end
diaphragms. Other bearings are to be installed under the bearing stiffeners in main girders. Bearings shall
be protected during concreting and providing holding down bolts operations. Any mortar or foreign
material contaminating thev bearing shall be completely removed. Manufacture and finishing of these
bearings shall be as per para 6.2 and 6.3 of IRC Part III 2018. Manufacturing tolerances shall be as per
para 6.1 of IRC 83 Part III 2018. Acceptance of bearing shall be as per para 7.0 of IRC 83 Part III 2018.
Material to be used for pot, piston and top plate including all guides, lugs etc. shall be of cast steel to IS
1030:41989 grade 340-570W. All the flame cut, sawn or planed edges of the plates should be machined.
All sheared corners shall be rounded off with 2 mm radius. For welding stainless steel sheet, M1 electrode
type with stainless steel core wire as per IRS: M-28-2012 shall be used. PTFE sheet shall be pure poly
tetra fluoro ethylene, and shall be 4.5/5 mm thick, having either dimples (hot pressed or moulded) or
modules as per IRC 83 Part III. These shall be pasted in recess 2/2.5 mm deep in the bearing and the peel
strength of glue to be used shall not be less than 4 N/mm. All holes for anchor bolts are 32 mm for 28 mm
dia property class 8.8 high tensile bolts as per IS:1364. Holes in top plates are 30 mm for 28 mm nominal
dia property class 8.8 high tensile bolts as per IS:1364. Non-working surfaces shall be given protective
coating comprising of 2 coats of epoxy primer enriched with metallic zinc, one intermediate coat of high
build epoxy paint reinforced with MIO (Micaceous Iron Oxide) & one coat of high performance epoxy
finish paint as per IRC codes. Pedestal if provided shall project minimum 150 mm beyond the bottom
plate. RCC bed block concrete shall be minimum M-35.
Design lateral load per guide bearing = 8.983 Ton

sign of Bearing
With factor
1.5
mm
mm
mm
As per Cl. 5.2.3.7of IRC:83 part-II-2015
30 Weight Calculation
15.177
The total weight of span includes weight of bolts and weld @ 2 %. These weights are tentative for guidance only, payment
may be made after detail computation as per contract / codal condition. Members required for temporary staging have not
been included in the part list. While transporting proper care should be taken to see that the shear connectors are not damaged.
Match marking may be done wherever necessary before despatch of parts from workshop. Shipping marks are to be painted in
white letters 100 mm high or as large as the member will permit on each member before despatch from the works thus.
*** End of design note ***

Node L/C Force-X kN Force-Y kN Force-Z kN Moment-X kNm Moment-Y kNm
2 1 DL 0 307 0 0 0
1 SIDL 0 202 0 0 0
2 LL+CDA SHEAR 0 737 0 0 0
4 DERAILMENT LOAD 0 1023 0 0 0
3 1 DL 0 307 0 0 0
1 SIDL 0 202 0 0 0
2 LL+CDA SHEAR 0 737 0 0 0
4 DERAILMENT LOAD 0 1023 0 0 0
14 1 DL 0 158 0 0 0
1 SIDL 0 202 0 0 0
2 LL+CDA SHEAR 0 656 0 0 0
4 DERAILMENT LOAD 0 -350.052 0 0 0
15 1 DL 0 158 0 0 0
1 SIDL 0 202 0 0 0
2 LL+CDA SHEAR 0 656 0 0 0
4 DERAILMENT LOAD 0 -350.052 0 0 0
From node no. 2 0.000

DL+SIDL Restoring moment = 1728
X= 7.00 0.00
Z= 0.99 Overturning moment -1680
Co-ordinate CG FOS = 1.028

X= 7.00
Z= -1.20
Derailment
X= 7.00
Z= -1.25
Moment-Z kNm DL+SIDL+LLshear DL+SIDL+0.5*LLshear 1.25*DL+2*SIDL+1.4*LLshear Node
0 2
0 3
1246 877.5 1819.55
0 14
0 15
0
0
1246 877.5 1819.55
0
0
0
0
1016 688 1519.9
0
0
0
0
1016 688 1519.9
0
0
X Y Z
0.15 0 0
14.15 0 0
0.15 0 2.4
14.15 0 2.4
Z-
-x +x
Z+
SPAN ARRANGEMENT
14.275 m (Length of Girder)

13.975 m (c/c of Bearing)
BEARING INPUT DATA
c/c distance between Expansion joint= 14300 mm Expansion joint = 25 mm

Edge of girder to c/l of bearing = 162.5 mm
c/c distance between bearings= 13975 mm = 13.98 m No. of Bearing (eachside) = 2
c/c spacing of outer to outer bearing = 2.400 m
No. of bearing on each side resisting vertical load = 2
No. of Bearing resisting horizontal longitudinal load = 2
No. of Bearing resisting horizontal transverse load = 2
BEARING LOAD CALCULATION
VERTICAL LOAD CALCULATION
The Results are taken from STAAD OUTPUT - Kn.
Girder - 1 Girder - 2
Load
LHS RHS LHS RHS
Dead Load 350.0 350.0 350.0 350.0
Superimposed Load 200.0 200.0 200.0 200.0
LL with Impact 640.0 640.0 640.0 640.0
Total DL + SIDL 550.0 550.0 550.0 550.0
DL+SIDL+LL 1190.0 1190.0 1190.0 1190.0
DL+SIDL+0.5 LL 870.0 870.0 870.0 870.0
HORIZONTAL LOAD CALCULATION
Reactions from Superstructure

DL = 700.0 Kn =(+++)/2
SIDL = 400.0 Kn =(+++)/2
LL with Impact = 1280.0 Kn =(+++)/2
IMPACT FACTOR = 1.551
TRACTIVE/BRAKING FORCE = 630 Kn (Appendix XXIV of IRS Bridge Rules)

(After considering the effect of LWR forces) = 819 Kn
(As per Cl-211.5 of IRC 6 2010 )
μ1 = 0.03 (For steel roller bearings)
Rfree = 2380 =++
Fh/2 + μ1 R = 481 =/2+*
F-μ2 R = 748 =-*
Design Force = 819 =MAX(,,)
Force per bearing = 410 =/
vertical force
F = + 819 x ( 0.942 + 0.825 + 0.22 ) = 116.447 KN
- 14.0 m
Force per side
F = 58.224 KN F = -58.224 KN
Vertical Force (seismic Case)

EQ F = 0.5 x 116.45 = 58.22 KN (Cl 7.1 of IRS Seismic Code 2020)
Vertical Force (seismic Case) per Bearing (50% OF BRAKING FORCE)

EQ F = 58.22 / 2 = 29.11 KN As per Cl-8.4.2 of IITK RDSO Seismic Guidelines
WIND CASE
From Design of Girder, Wind with Live Load condition, Intensity = 150 Kg/m2 = 0.15 T/m2 (Cl 2.11.2 of IRS Bridge Rules)
Maximum effective depth of girder for wind action = 1.002 m
Wind acting on girder = 2.149 T acting at a dist of 1.00 m from bottom
Wind acting on moving load = 9.1 T acting at a dist of 4.66 m from bottom
Total overturning moment acting = 44.8 Tm ;
Vertical Reaction due to overturning moment = 91.57 kN upward =//*9.81
-92 kN downward =-//*9.81
Horizontal force acting on each bearing = 55.42 KN =(+)/2*9.81
But, Horizontal force acting on each bearing = 0.2 times the total vertical dead load As per Cl-16.1.1 of IITK RDSO Seismic Guidelines
= 121 KN
Vertical force acting on each bearing = 25% of vertical force due to dead load of superstructure in upward and downward direction
= 137.5 KN As per Cl-8.8.1 of IITK RDSO Seismic Guidelines
MOVEMENTS
1.0 MOVEMENTS DUE TO TEMPERATURE
Co-efficient of Temperature = 0.0000117 per degree Celcius

Temperature variation in degree celcius (T) = 25
Movements due to Temperature = LxaxT = 4.09 mm
2.0 MOVEMENTS DUE TO SHRINKAGE
Co-efficient of Shrinkage strain e = 0.0003 (Cl 5.2.3.1 of IRS Concrete Bridge Code)
Movements due to Shrinkage = Lxe = 4.1925 mm
SUMMARY OF MOVEMENTS
Movements Dbd (in mm)

Movement due to Temperature 4.088
Movement due to Shrinkage & Creep 4.192
Note:Movements in the Tranverse direction are not considered due to Symmetry of the Structure & Loading.
COMBINATIONS FOR LOADS ON BEARINGS (WORKING)
Comb 1 : 1*DL+1.0*SIDL+1*LL Vmax Vmin HL HT

1*DL+1.0*SIDL+1*LL 1190.0 550.0 0.0 0.0
Braking force 58.2 -58.2 409.5 0.0
Total 1248.2 491.8 409.5 0.0
Comb 2 : 1*DL+1.0*SIDL+1*(EQLong) Vmax Vmin HL HT

1*DL+1.0*SIDL 550.0 550.0 0.0 0.0
EQ LONG 137.5 -137.5 121.0 0.0
TOTAL 687.5 412.5 121.0 0.0
Comb 3 : 1*DL+1.0*SIDL+0.5*LL+1*(EQTrans) Vmax Vmin HL HT

1*DL+1.0*SIDL+0.5*LL 870.0 870.0 0.0 0.0
Braking force*0.5 29.1 -29.1 204.8 0.0
EQ TRANS 137.5 -137.5 0.0 121.0
TOTAL 1036.6 703.4 204.8 121.0
SUMMARY
CASES Vmax (KN) Vmin (KN) Hlong (KN) Htran (KN)
Normal Case 1248.2 491.8
Seismic Longitudinal Case 687.5 412.5
Seismic Transverse Case 1036.6 703.4
Normal Case 409.5 0.0
Seismic Longitudinal Case 121.0 0.0
Seismic Transverse Case 204.8 121.0
Bearing Load Data For POT-PTFE Bearing:
Vertical Load Horizontal Force (KN) Rotation Movement (mm)

Sl NO Bearing Type Load Condition
Case (in KN) Longitudinal Transverse (rad) Longitudinal Transverse
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10)
Permanent - 550 ±.0035 - -
Maximum 1249 410 - - -
Normal
Minimum 492 410 - - -
1 Fixed Seismic/Wind Maximum 688 121 - - -
(Long)
±.009
Minimum 413 121 - - -
Seismic/Wind Maximum 1037 205 121 - -
(Trans) Minimum 704 205 - -
121
Permanent - 550 ±.0035 10 -
Maximum 1249 - - 10 -
Normal
Minimum 492 - - 10 -
2 Long Guided Seismic/Wind Maximum 688 - - 10 -
(Long)
±.009
Minimum 413 - - 10 -
Seismic/Wind Maximum 1037 - 121 10 -
(Trans) Minimum 704 - 121 10 -
Permanent - 550 ±.0035 - 5
Maximum 1249 410.0 - - 5
Normal
Minimum 492 410.0 - - 5
3 Trans Guided Seismic/Wind Maximum 688 121.0 - - 5
(Long)
±.009
Minimum 413 121.0 - - 5
Seismic/Wind Maximum 1037 205.0 - - 5
(Trans) Minimum 704 205.0 - - 5
Permanent - 550 ±.0035 10 5
Maximum 1249 - - 10 5
Normal
Minimum 492 - - 10 5
4 Free Seismic/Wind Maximum 688 - - 10 5
(Long)
±.009
Minimum 413 - - 10 5
Seismic/Wind Maximum 1037 - - 10 5
(Trans) Minimum 704 - - 10 5
***END OF DESIGN NOTE***

Steel Composite I Girder Bridge Design by IRS Code

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Steel Composite I Girder Bridge Design by IRS Code

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OFFICE OF ORIGIN

DESIGN REPORT OF STEEL COMPOSITE GIRDER SUPERSTRUCTURE FOR

PREPARED CHECKED APPROVED

DATE SHEETS NOTE NO. APROVED

OWNER : EAST CENTRAL RAILWAY (CONSTRUCTION DEPARTMENT)

CONTRACTOR CLIENT : AFCONS INFRASTRUCTURE LIMITED

DATE Rev. MODIFICATIONS/ PREPARED CHECKED APPROVED

02.07.2020 (R0) FOR APPROVAL. VP TG TG

Design modified for train

This note is the property of

4. Check for spacing of steel girder 6 of 75

5. Effective Flange Width of Composite Beam 7 of 75

6. Bending moment and Shear force 8 of 75

10. Check for weld between flange and web 12 of 75

11. Check for fatigue in bending & shear 14 of 75

12. Wind Loading 19 of 75

13. Seismic Loading 20 of 75

14. Check for deflection 20 of 75

15. Stresses due to Differential Shrinkage 20 of 75

16. Stresses due to Temperature 21 of 75

17. Check for Racking Force 22 of 75

18. Design of stiffeners 22 of 75

19. Design of splices 24 of 75

20. Horizontal Force Calculation 28 of 75

21. Jacking Arrangement 28 of 75

22. Design of Shear Connectors 29 of 75

23. Analysis and design of deck slab 32 of 75

24. Calculation for Camber 40 of 75

25. Design of end cross girder 41 of 75

27. Introduction to Bearing Load 65 of 75

28. Design of Elastomeric bearing as per IRC-83-2015 66 of 75

29. Guide bearing 74 of 75

30. Weight Calculation 75 of 75

DESIGN OF COMPOSITE GIRDERS : Span = 14.3m.

Following design codes are used in this design.

JUSTIFICATION FOR SEPARATE DECK FOR BOTH TRACKS

TYPICAL CROSS SECTION

Top Flange = 370 x 20

Assume Ballast unit weight = 1.57 ton/m3

3.2 Live Load for Bending and Shear

\ EUDL For Bending = 158.91 / 14 x 1.5500 = 17.59361 t/m of Deck

Eccentricity of LL as per Cl 2.5.1 of Bridge Rule = 0.1 m

Live Load(t/m) Bending Shear

3.3 Horizontal forces due to Braking/Tractive

3.4 Centrifugal Load.

Centrifugal force is calculated as per Cl 2.5.3 of IRS Bridge Rules

F centrifugal = 0 t/m of deck acting at 1.83 m above Rail level

3.5 Wind Load

Design wind speed = V z  V b * k1 * k 2 * k 3 * k 4

Design wind pressure, Pz  0.6 * Vz 2 (Cl 7.2 of IS 875 (part-3):2015)

\ Pz 2726.5 N/m2 = 277.93 kg/m2

Transverse wind force on superstructure.

Wind force on girder = 14.300 x 1.002 x 1.250 x 0.15

Transverse wind on deck slab and ballast retainer

Wind force on deck = 14.300 x 1.150 x 0.15

Transverse wind force on Live load.

FT For LL = 14.300 x 4.15 x 0.15 = 8.902 MT @ ht = 3.437 m above deck

3.6 Seismic forces:

Seismic force calculations are made as per IRS Seismic code:2020.

Ah = (Z/2)(I/R)(Sa/g) (Cl 9.4.1 of IRS Seismic code:2020)

Zone factor z = 0.1 (Table 1A of IRS Seismic code:2020)

4.1 Derailment Load:

Dead Load of deck slab = 4.498 t/m

Total dead load = 11.08 t/m