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4t64gn64v-Spanish SOW Y8
4t64gn64v-Spanish SOW Y8
Year 8
1.1 Wk 1
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Wk 7
1.2 Wk 1
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Wk 7
2.1 Wk 1
Wk 2
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Wk 6
2.2 Wk 1
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Wk 4
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3.1 Wk 1
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Wk 5
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3.2 Wk 1
Wk 2
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Wk 7
Y8 GRAMMAR TRACKING - OVERVI
Bold text=grammar feature taught for the f
Normal text=grammar revisited
past tense -ar verbs: 1st person singular (-é) Contrast with: 1st person singular present (-o); questi
past tense -ar verbs : 2nd person singular (-aste); 1st person singular (-é); 2nd person singular pre
'did' in English questions
revisit SER (for traits) vs ESTAR (for state/mood) in singular and plural persons; adjectival agree
English questions
present tense -er verbs only: 1st plural (-emos); tenemos; contrast with: 1st person sing (-o)
HACER - hago hacemos; hace hacen; haces; revisit negatives; use of subject pronouns
modals: PODER - puedo podemos; puede pueden; DEBER - debo debemos debe deben; revisit
present tense -ir verbs only: 1st person plural (-imos); contrast with: 3rd person plural (-en); neg
past tense -er & -ir verbs: 1st person singular (-í); Contrast pair: 1st person singular present (-o)
past tense -er & -ir verbs: 2nd person singular (-iste); Contrast pair: 1st person singular past (-í); q
English questions
TENER in singular and plural persons; cuánto(s); idiomatic uses of TENER + noun (e.g., calor,
QUERER - quiero queremos; quiere quieren + infinitive; DAR - doy damos; da; dan
IR - voy, vas, va, vamos, van a + infinitive; uses of 'de'; al vs a la; del vs de la; para + infinitive
Work on challenging text: Bolivia: un país diverso
regular -ar/-er /-ir verbs: 1st person plural PRESENT tense (-amos, -emos, -imos) & 3rd person p
regular -ar verbs: 3rd person singular PAST (-ó) vs 1st person singular PRESENT (-o); cuánto
regular -er/-ir verbs 3rd person singular PAST (-ió) vs 3rd person singular present (-e); regula
regular -ar, -er, -ir verbs: 1st, 2nd, 3rd person singular singular PAST tense
Assessment week
personal 'a'
reflexive 'me' & 'te'; mi vs mis; tu vs tus
regular -ar, -er, -ir verbs: 1st, 2nd, 3rd person singular PAST tense; negatives; awareness raising o
regular -ar, -er, -ir verbs: all persons singular and plural PRESENT tense; negatives; awareness ra
'sus'
Assessment week
present continuous with -ar verbs: estoy/estás/está + present participle (-ando); demonstrative
present continuous with -ir/-er verbs: estamos/están + present participle (-iendo); question wor
Work on challenging text: La tomatina
present continuous with all verbs; IR + infinitive in all persons
Verb tense
PAST
PAST
PRESENT
PRESENT
PRESENT
PRESENT
PRESENT
PAST
PAST
PRESENT
PRESENT
FUTURE
PRESENT
PRESENT
PAST
PAST
PAST
PRESENT
PRESENT
PRESENT
PRESENT
PRESENT
PRESENT
PRESENT
PRESENT
PRESENT
PRESENT
PAST
PAST
PAST
PRESENT
PRESENT
Comparing what you and someone else (we) do (News and media)
Describing what different people do (At home)
Comparing things
Comparing things
Note: This SOW is still draft and is subject to changes in the process of developing the res
accompany it.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-
ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
University of York
The National Centre for Excellence for Language Pedagogy
Y8 Scheme of work
In general, the same planning principles apply to the NCELP Y8 SOW as to the Y7. The few
differences are, as follows:
1. New words are introduced in 29/38 weeks only to allow for seven weeks of systematic recycling
of all Y7 vocabulary.
2. In these consolidation weeks, there is also no new grammar.
3. In each new vocabulary set there is an average of 10 -12 words, leading to between 300-360 new
words over the 30 weeks.
4. There is a minimum of one rich text week per term, which will include a new vocabulary set.
5. The two assessment weeks (2.1.4 (end of January) and 3.2.3 (mid-June) do not coincide with the
equivalent Y7 weeks. As in Y7, no new vocabulary is set for these weeks.
6. The phonics strand is retained, and includes work to consolidate and develop knowledge. This
looks slightly different across the three languages, to take account of their relative phonetic depth.
In French, new SSC are introduced and practised alongside similar, previously-taught SSC. In
Spanish, phonics work is extended to stress patterns and spelling links. In German, similar SSC are
combined for practice.
7. Where space allows, Y8 lessons also include a structured focus on high-frequency word patterns.
Note: This SOW is still draft and is subject to changes in the process of developing the resources to
accompany it.
7. The few
ematic recycling
ocabulary set.
coincide with the
owledge. This
phonetic depth.
ght SSC. In
n, similar SSC are
cy word patterns.
g the resources to
Week An assumed average of two lessons per week
Lesson Grammar
(N.B. The terminology used here is yet to be aligned with the KS2
Term
Year
question words
37
8 2.1 6 reflexive 'me' & 'te'; mi vs mis; tu vs tus
38
47
8 2.2 5 Work on challenging text: Ayaymamá
48
53 nuestro/nuestros
8 3.1 3
54
está/están; es/son
63
8 3.2 3 Assessment week
64
Words with multiple meanings (or same meaning but different part of speech) are taught
cumulatively in the NCELP SOW. Such words are indicated with superscript in this column,
and more information is provided on the 'Multiple senses' tab.
subject pronouns
yo [28]; tú [184] él [9]; ella [72]; nosotros/as [164]; ellos/as [9-él]
empezar [175]; terminar [253]; decir [31]; ver [38]; minuto [478];
ejemplo [187]; opinión [578]; verdad [176]; estudiante [795];
alemán [761]; todo² [472]
prenominal adjectives
mismo [55]; último [188]; primero [82]; segundo [223]; tercero
[450]; propio [183];
salir [114]; subir [410]; perder [195]; recoger [828]; recojo [828];
partido [302]; fútbol [1471]; entrada [767]; billete [2992]; pues¹
[73]; fin [182]; semana [301]; inglés² [583]; jugador [1019]; (a)
pie [365]
van [ir-33]; país [109]; café [961]; costa [896]; para² [16]; tomar²
[133]; presentar [235]; enseñar [610]; tema [240]; pronto [376];
próximo [466]
ir de + noun
paseo [2126]; compra [1162]; tapa [3645]; copa [1514]
paisaje [1685]; crecer [560]; desaparecer [655]; dice [decir-31];
lluvia [986]; clima [1675]; vida [85]; frontera [1507]; ganar²
[295]; mil [191]; altura [970]; suficiente [781]; seco [1183];
mejor [116]; más [23]
me² [22]; te² [48]; le [25]; regalar [1420]; tirar [685]; quitar [668];
reloj [1683]; caja [1074]; tarjeta [1958]; lleno [684]; vacío [1585]
interesar [575]; importar [506]; alegrar [2252];
molestar [1377]; gustar [163]; encantar [1202];
preocupar [852]; difícil [374]; fácil [584]
revisit Y7 vocabulary: a veces [vez-59]; tranquilo [1073]; coche [1190]; también [49]; alegre [2081];
[14]; bueno [98]; idioma [1159]; solo/a [95]; pequeño [202]; calle [269]; si [36]; rico [398]; cámara [9
famoso [997]; barco [1384]; normalmente [1696]; feo [2373]; clase [320]; siempre [96]; aburrido [391
bastante [308]; perdido [1899]; puerta [274]; seguro [407]; mesa [525]; nervioso [1521]; regalo [1986];
[230]; alto [231]; actividad [344]; bajo [236]; simpático [3349]; guapo [4192]; activo [1278]; barato [21
caro [2179]; amigo [210]; antiguo [446]; autor/a [513]; otro [35]; profesor/a [501]; claro [1923]; direct
[3304]; caballo [907]; amarillo [1381]; chico [727]; chica [1129]; señor [201]; señora [509]; gato [17
compañero [551]; pájaro [1607]
revisit Y7 vocabulary: interesante [616]; hermoso [980]; grande [66]; blanco [372]; bailar [1323]; ha
[68]; llevar [101]; descansar [1749]; cambiar [255]; preguntar [219]; participar [593]; pensar [105]; co
visitar [792]; disfrutar [939]; hago; haces; hace [hacer-26]; tienes; tiene; tener; tengo [tener-19]; pued
[poder-32]; moneda [1577]; revista [920]; zapato [1477]; camisa [1873]; plan [625]; ciudad [178]; centro
mercado [487]; plaza [806]; museo [1114]; tienda [1515]; edificio [857]; dinero [364]; torre [2138]; lu
[1259]; sábado [1179]; domingo [693]; ejercicio [1162]; vacaciones [2641]; gracias [275]; de nada [na
mucho [41]; ¿cómo es? [cómo-151]; entre [63]; fuera [299]; delante [1742]; por [15]; al [a-8]; después
nuestro [77]; tío [988]; tía [1205]; hijo [140]; hija [769];
científico [1711]; médico [692]; músico [2060]; abogado [1211];
débil [1946]; conocido [759]; tan [104]
numbers 21-30
veinticuatro [4059]; veinticinco [2643]; treinta [829]; all rest
[>5000]
fui [33]; fuiste [33]; fue [33]; apoyar [666]; celebrar [886]; zona
[359]; septiembre [1150]; octubre [1242]; noviembre [1434];
diciembre [1165]; colegio [628]; avión [1399]; historia² [186];
directo [1029]
revisit Y7 vocabulary: norte [624]; sur [661]; España [>5000]; casa [106]; música [340]; teatro [605];
[244]; río [496]; oeste [2416]; este [>5000]; día [65]; noche [164]; mañana [402]; tarde [392]; número [
marzo [1231]; abril [1064]; julio [659]; agosto [931]; mar [480]; isla [810]; montaña [1464]; estudiar [2
[856]; loco [846]; mucho [41]; feliz [908]; nunca [158]; temprano [1578]; tarde [392]; no [11]; o [29];
[151]; ¿qué? [50]; ¿quién? [289]; ¿cuándo? [57];¿cuál? [445]; ¿por qué?; ¿dónde? [161]; uno [425]; d
cuatro [241]; cinco [284]; seis [438]; siete [603]; ocho [641]; nueve [991]; diez [449]; once [1700
revisit Y7 vocabulary: hombre [97]; mujer [120]; inglés [583]; ciencia [738]; español [262]; arte [20
bolígrafo [>5000]; palabra [192]; pregunta [507]; tarea [995]; pareja [892]; papel [393]; letra [977]; frase
escuela [424]; respuesta [488]; trabajo [152]; deporte [1489]; dibujo [1726]; tiempo [80]; chino [1349
ordenador [2624]; material [689]; película [543]; opción [1175] ; entiendo [229]; lee [leer 209]; dar [42
[dar 42]; da [dar 42]; quiero [querer 58]; quieres [querer 58]; quiere [querer 58]; debo [deber 71]; debe
[deber 71]; marca [marcar 993]; fuerte [435]; verdadero [558]; falso [1599]; listo [1684]; correcto [1467
perdón [1729]
Y7 3.2.4 Y7 3.1.2
Y7 3.2.5 Y7 3.1.4
Y7 3.2.6
Y7 3.1.5
[vocab from la playa]
Y8 1.1.1 Y7 3.1.6
Y8 1.1.2 Y7 3.2.3
Y8 1.1.3 Y7 3.2.4
Y7 3.2.5
Y8 1.1.4
Y8 1.1.5 Y7 3.2.6
Y8 1.1.6 Y8 1.1.1
Y8 1.1.7 Y8 1.1.2
Y8 1.2.1 Y8 1.1.3
Y8 1.2.2 Y8 1.1.4
Y8 1.2.3 Y8 1.1.5
Y8 1.2.4 Y8 1.1.6
Y8 1.2.5 Y8 1.1.7
Y8 1.2.6 Y8 1.2.1
Y8 1.2.7 Y8 1.2.2
Y8 2.1.1 Y8 1.2.3
Y8 2.1.2 Y8 1.2.4
Y8 2.1.3 Y8 1.2.5
Y8 2.1.5 Y8 1.2.6
Y8 2.1.6 Y8 2.1.1
Y8 2.2.1 Y8 2.1.2
Y8 2.2.3 Y8 2.1.6
Y8 2.2.5 Y8 2.2.1
Y8 3.1.2 Y8 2.2.2
Y8 3.1.3 Y8 2.2.3
00]; casa [106]; música [340]; teatro [605]; banco [728]; pueblo
[164]; mañana [402]; tarde [392]; número [324]; enero [1173];
80]; isla [810]; montaña [1464]; estudiar [281]; es [ser, 7]; serio
mprano [1578]; tarde [392]; no [11]; o [29]; algo [110]; ¿cómo?
5]; ¿por qué?; ¿dónde? [161]; uno [425]; dos [64]; tres [134];
[641]; nueve [991]; diez [449]; once [1700]; doce [1138]
583]; ciencia [738]; español [262]; arte [208]; silencio [518];
pareja [892]; papel [393]; letra [977]; frase [1036]; silla [1271];
89]; dibujo [1726]; tiempo [80]; chino [1349]; mañana [215];
175] ; entiendo [229]; lee [leer 209]; dar [42]; doy [dar 42]; das
]; quiere [querer 58]; debo [deber 71]; debes [deber 71]; debe
]; falso [1599]; listo [1684]; correcto [1467]; electrónico [1619];
n [1729]
Y8 3.1.4 Y8 2.2.5
Y8 3.1.5 Y8 3.1.2
Y8 3.1.6 Y8 3.1.3
; hermano [333]; hermana [3409]; abuelo [4796]; abuela [783];
[552]; ropa [782]; jueves [1650]; estación [1404]; tren [1488];
amada [1324]; correo [1638]; móvil [2143]; llave [1853]; Italia
curo [802]; feliz [908]; hoy [167]; en [6]; hola [1245]; debajo
o 150]; ¿cómo se dice en inglés / español?; puedo; puedes; puede
der 32]
Sounds of the language
Sound-symbol correspondences, stress, syllables, liaison,
rhythm, pronunciation. Context / purpose
In Y8, SSC knowledge is further developed by activities of language use
focused on two or more SSC. Often these are tricky pairs,
such as R/RR. In some weeks, several SSC are revisited.
weak vowels
[i], [u]
2. I + strong vowel
IA (seria, gracias, ciencia); IO (nervioso,
voluntario, precioso, sucio, limpio); IE (tienes,
bien, entiendo, diez, siempre, serie)
final syllable stress
Comparing what you
Rule #1: If stress is on final syllable, and it and someone else (we)
ends in any consonant except ‘n’ or ‘s’, then do (News and media)
there will be no accent.
Describing where
revisit cu + vowel
people go and why
revisit ll / l
revisit ce/ci
Lesson 1: Working in
practise with Spanish place names: 1. Galicia a restaurant
2. Barcelona 3. Valencia Lesson 2: Festive
4. Murcia 5. Ceuta 6. Andalucía traditions
7. Albacete 8. Cáceres
revisit z [with ce/ci] Describing what
people do (Technology
and Social networks)
Describing travel in
revisit que
the past and present
Describing what
revisit qui different people did in
the past
revisit ga/go/gu Describing friendships
('hard G') and relationships
Describing a series of
revisit n / ñ
events (narration)
Describing friendships
revisit v / b
and relationships
Giving opinions about
revisit rr / r
something
Text exploitation:
revisit several SSCs
Ayaymamá
Describing what
revisit several SSCs people do (visiting a
Spanish city)
Talking about family
spelling change to -qué and -gué in 1st person
members and their
preterite
jobs
Comparing things
revisit weak vowels [i] and [u]
(Shopping)
revisit final syllable stress
ends in any consonant other than 'n' or 's' (no Comparing where
accent) people go and went
Asking questions
revisit penultimate syllable stress
about what people did
Asking questions
revisit penultimate syllable stress
about what people do
Describing what is
revisit ante-penultimate syllable stress happening now
(exercise and fitness)
Describing what is
revisit ante-penultimate syllable stress happening now
(making a film)
Note: Students are unlikely to have done pre-learning for this week, so more time will be needed
in lesson 1 to learn vocabulary. Suggestion: learn at the beginning, return to new vocabulary at
the end of lesson 1.
Phonics focus:
Introduction to Spanish syllables- this will lead to accent and stress rules.
Grammar:
Introduction of the 1st person singular of the preterite of –ar verbs
Revisiting 1st person singular of the present of –ar verbs
Revisiting of negative using ‘no’
Many -ar verbs from Y7 can be revisited with question words in the context of ‘recent summer
experiences': viajar, llegar, pasar tiempo, descansar, bailar, visitar, preparar, limpiar.
Vocabulary:
‘Pintar’ can also be intransitive and allows for revisiting of colours (blanco, rojo, azul, verde,
amarillo + negro). To say 'paint something + colour', a preposition is needed: pintar la casa de
negro.
Aprovechar ('make the most of') las vacaciones, el tiempo libre, los días con mis amigos / mi
familia etc.
'El máximo' is used in constructions 'disfrutar al máximo' and 'aprovechar al máximo' - this has
English equivalent (to the max).
Comparing past experiences
Phonics focus:
Introduction of ‘strong’ vowels [a], [e], [o]
Reminder of the importance of raised intonation for using verbs as questions (Did you …? Did
I…?)
Grammar:
Introduction of –ar verbs in the 2nd person singular of the preterite tense
Consolidation of –ar verbs in the 1st person singular of the preterite
Vocabulary:
The differing use of ‘coger’ and ‘tomar’ in Spain and Latin America is mentioned in slide 4.
‘Por’ is reintroduced with the meaning of ‘because of’ (+ reason). This is linked with the
previously taught ‘porque’. Previously ‘por’ has been taught to express movement.
Teachers can draw on students' knowledge of two-verb/modal constructions (e.g. necesitar /
querer / poder / deber + infinitive) when introducing 'intentar'.
'Hasta' is introduced with the meaning of 'as far as'. We will introduce the second meaning 'until'
when we teach the time, as that is the most common use.
Verbs from Y7 are revisited in the context of ‘recent summer experiences’.
Phonics Focus:
Introduction of weak vowels [i] and [u], contrasted with strong vowels [a], [e] and [o] taught last
week.
Reminder of the raised intonation to ask questions in Spanish using verbs, this week with ‘Is
s/he…? continuing on from last week when this was used with Did I…? and Did you…?
Grammar:
Consolidation of ‘ser’ (for traits) vs ‘estar’ (for state/mood and location) in singular and plural
persons.
Reminder of the difference in meaning between ‘¿cómo estás?’ and ‘¿cómo eres?’
Vocabulary:
In addition to the new adjectives taught this week we revisit a number of adjectives taught in Y7
(bonito, feo, hermoso, tranquilo, raro, serio, alegre, simpático, feliz, tonto, nervioso, guapo, rico
and colours) to allow them to be used with the ‘ser’ vs ‘estar’ exercises.
In this lesson the adjective meanings do not change.
‘Generalmente’ and ‘ahora’ are used to help distinguish between phrases needing ‘ser’ and
‘estar’.
Comparing what you and someone else (we) do.
Notes:
There is a context of news and media in this week’s lessons, linking in with the Daniel and Lucía
characters used in our resources.
Phonics Focus:
Final syllable stress and accent rules (words ending in ‘n’ and ‘s’ having an accent). This builds
on the work on syllables in 8.1.1.1.
Grammar:
Introduction of 1st person plural of –er verbs in the present tense.
The 1st person singular irregularities of ‘entender’ and ‘poner’ are pointed out on a slide as we
contrast the 1st person singular and plural endings and meanings in the present tense of –er
verbs. ‘Poner’ could be flagged by teachers with reference to the previously taught ‘hacer’
(hago)
Vocabulary:
Several new words this week are –er verbs to allow for practice with the grammar focus on the
1st person plural in the present tense.
Given the inclusion of ‘periodista’ we draw attention to how some job words can be masculine
or feminine depending on the person carrying out the job.
The importance of accents is noted in the contrasted meaning of ‘qué’ and ‘que’.
Much of thewhat
Describing vocabulary
peoplethis
do week is linked to the context of news and media and a visit of
(at home)
journalists to the school of Daniel and Lucía.
Some
Phonics–erfocus:
verbs from Y7 are revisited in the activities (leer, aprender and recoger – the latter was
aIntroduction
Y7 cluster word)
of final syllable stress for words ending in a vowel, building on last week’s lesson
on words ending with ‘n’ and ‘s’.
Grammar:
Introduction of subject pronouns, yo, tú, él, ella. ‘mientras que’ is often used to contrast between
subject pronouns and verbs.
Consolidation of ‘hacer’ in singular persons of the present tense.
Vocabulary:
Revisiting ‘hacer’ and its dual meanings gives the opportunity to revisit Y7 vocabulary such as
deporte; deberes; actividad; dibujo; cama, ejercicio; plan; favor; vídeo; entrevista; cosa; video, in
addition to the new vocabulary of this week's set that is covered in both lessons.
Asking what people can and must do (in class)
Phonics focus:
Introduction of the penultimate syllable stress and related spelling and accent rules, continuing
the focus on syllables, stress and accents from previous weeks which focused on last syllable
stress and accentuation.
Grammar:
Consolidation of puedo, puede and pueden, and introduction of podemos. Exercises focus on 1st
person singular vs 1st person plural and 3rd person singular vs 3rd person plural.There is a focus
on the use of poder as a modal verb.
Consolidation of possessives (mi, mis, tu and tus)
Vocabulary:
This week’s vocabulary set and related activities links with asking for permissions in class,
which may lead to opportunities for more spontaneous uses of Spanish in the classroom by
students.
Notes:
There is a context of parties and celebrations used in the activities this week to involve the
grammar and vocabulary sets.
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of penultimate syllable stress rules, and when an accent is needed depending on
the final letter of the word. This continues work done in 8.1.1.6.
Grammar:
Consolidation of present tense –ir verbs and introduction of the 1st person plural –imos form.
Exercises involve pairing nosotros and ellos/ellas forms.
Consolidation of presente tense –er/-ir verbs and the 3rd person plural.
Vocabulary:
Several new vocabulary items this week are –ir verbs, specifically for using with the grammar
focus. Previously taught –ir verbs in Y7 are revisited in this lesson (escribir, abrir, vivr; recibir,
compartir).
Describing events in the past and present (at school)
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of the final syllable stress, spelling and accents rules, introduced earlier in the Y8
SoW.
Grammar:
Introduction of –er and –ir verbs in the 1st person singular of the preterite tense, while
consolidating and contrasting with the formation and meaning of the 1st person singular of the
present tense of –er and –ir verbs
Vocabulary:
‘Elegir’ is shown as another verbthat can be followed by an infinitive. Its 1st person singular of
the present tense is also taught, given its irregularity. It is also shown contrasted in the 1st person
singular of the present and preterite tenses.
This week’s vocabulary set allows for the context of classroom activities, once again offering for
more chances for spontaneous production of Spanish in the classroom.
Previously taught –er and –ir verbs are revisited given the grammar focus.
Phonics focus:
Introduction of ante-penultimate syllable stress and spelling rules, continuing this term’s focus
on syllables, stress, spelling and accent rules.
Grammar:
Introduction of past tense (preterite) –er/-ir verbs in 2nd person singular (-iste) and consolidation
of past tense (preterite) –er/-ir verbs in 1st person singular (-í). Activities pair up these two verb
forms.
The use of verbs and raised intonation is revisited to form questions (did you…? Did I…?). This
was also seen when working with –ar verbs in the preterite earlier in the the Y8 SoW.
Vocabulary:
Words used in the antepenultimate syllable stress exercises have been seen before. Teachers may
even want to use the Spanish term for these words ‘esdrújula’ (often a popular sounding word
for students and an ‘esdrújula’ itself!)
The vocabulary set this week allows for the context of free time activities.
Verbs ending in –er and –ir from Y7 and earlier in Y8 are also revisited given the grammar
focus.
Attention is given to the difference in use of ‘entrada’ and ‘billete’
‘Inglés’ reintroduced here as 'English person'.‘Pues’ is initially to be introduced as interjection
'well'. Later in the SoW it will be used as 'then' for a consequence.
The meanings of ‘fin’ and ‘semana’ are taught separately as well as showing how they work
together to mean weekend.
Describing what people have
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of SSCs [CA], [CO], [CU], seen previously in Y7, with a focus on both the oral
and written modalities of language use.
Grammar:
Consolidation of previously taught singular present tense forms of ‘tener, to link with the ‘tener
phrases’ introduced in the vocabulary and activities in the second of this week’s lessons. These
present tense forms of tener are used with numbers and possessions in this lesson.
Consolidation of subject pronouns (yo, tu, él, ella), introduced in 8.1.1.5. There is a reminder of
the contexts in which these subject pronouns are likely to be used (comparing and contrasting).
Vocabulary:
Introduction of numbers 13-20
Conjunctions such as mientras que, pero, y, and sin embargo are revisited in exercises involving
subject pronouns.
Describing free time activities
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of final and penultimate syllable stress, spelling and accent rules (with –ción / -
ciones)
Grammar:
Introduction of 1st person plural forms of dar and querer in the present tense (damos and
queremos).
Consolidation of 1st and 2nd person singular forms of dar and querer in the present tense.
Vocabulary:
Introduction of ‘–ción’ suffix and and spelling rules for such nouns in singular versus plural. We
cover the gender of these words and correspondence to ‘–tion’ in English and practice with
cognates and near cognates. The spelling change (loss of accent) in the plural ‘-ciones’ is linked
to syllable, spelling and accent rules.
Lesson 1 vocabulary is linked to prototypical meaning of dar and allows the chance to revisit
previously taught vocabulary and this week’s vocabulary set, such as regalo, premio, dinero,
bebida, entrada, comida).
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of SSCs [cue], [cua], [cui], taught in Y7. The focus is on listening and writing.
Grammar:
Introduction of para + infinitive construction and meaning. There are exercises distinguishing
between the two meanings of ‘para’ taught thus far (‘for’ and ‘in order to’)
Consolidation of ir a + infinitive (singular persons).
Vocabulary:
New words are used with the phonics activity.
‘Próximo’ is taught to be more commonly used as a prenominal adjective (these have been
taught earlier in the Y8 SoW)
‘Tema’ is highlighted as a noun that is masculine despite ending in ‘a’. This is a common feature
of Spanish and can be revisited as similar words emerge (particularly ‘problema’!)
The future plans context allows teachers to revisit some previously taught vocabulary,
potentially related to free time and holidays.
Work on a challenging text – Bolivia: un país diverso
Notes:
This week’s lessons seek to develop student’s abilities and strategies to cope with more
challenging texts, as well as enhancing cultural knowledge about the Spanish-speaking world
and fostering an interest and motivation to learn more about these countries and cultures.
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of SSCs [l], [ll]. The focus of practice is on listening and writing words containing
these SSCs.
Grammar:
Consolidation of present tense –er/–ir verbs in 3rd person singular and plural (-e, -en).
Consolidation of singular and plural nouns and definite articles.
Vocabulary:
The vocabulary focus this week lends itself to some of the geographical features and conditions
of Bolivia.
Various vocabulary is revisited that has been taught this term.
Notes:
Some cultural and geographical knowledge of Spain is taught in this lesson, including the idea of
the comunidades autónomas in follow up on the Spanish cities and regions used in the phonics
focus revisiting of [ce] and [ci].
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of SSCs [ce] & [ci]. These are linked to Spanish cities for some additional cultural
and geographical knowledge of Spain. Teachers could look up more places for additional
practice and cultural knowledge.
Grammar:
Consolidation of present tense –ar verbs in the first and third person plural (-amos, -an)
Vocabulary:
Consolidation of vocabulary of the usual revisiting cycle, including a set of 50 vocab items from
Y7
Describing what people do (technology and social networks)
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of SSC [z] (with [ce] & [ci]). This builds on Y7 work and work in the last weeks
of Y8 Term 1.2. The distinction in pronunciation of these SSCs in different parts of the Spanish-
speaking world is mentioned and practiced in listening.
The importance of stressed syllables and accents is also covered in the grammar focus between
the 3rd singular of the preterite of –ar verbs and the 1st person singular of the present tense of –
ar verbs.
Grammar:
Introduction of -ar in
Describing travel verbs
the in 3rdand
past person singular preterite (-ó).
present
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of SSC [que]. Focus is on listening and writing, and is contrasted with the SSC
[cue].
Grammar:
Introduction of -er/-ir verbs 3rd person singular preterite (-ió)
Consolidation of -er/-ir verbs in 1st and 2nd person singular preterite (-í, -iste).
Consolidation of 3rd person singular present (-e)
Talking about the environment
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of SSC [qui] (contrasted with [que]). The focus is on listening and writing.
Final syllable stress and accents is also referred due during the 1st and 3rd person singular
endings of the preterite for –are verbs.
Grammar:
Consolidation of –ar verbs in the preterite: 1st, 2nd, 3rd person singular singular (-é, -aste, -ó).
Activities practice these three forms together.
Vocabulary:
Consolidation of a subset of the Year 7 vocabulary.
Unknown vocabulary is included with the phonics focus, though as some vocabulary previously
used with phonics exercises is brought back, this is also an opportunity to revisit meaning of
these words.
Various previously taught –ar verbs are also revisited in the activities to support practice with
the preterite tense singular forms. If more consolidation is required (or for a plenary at the end of
the lesson if time allows, teachers could look through the SoW for more –ar verbs to revisit).
Saying what you do for others
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of SSCs [ga], [go], [gu], previously taught in Y7. The focus is on listening and
writing.
Grammar:
Introduction of personal ‘a’ related to the direct object, and its use with living things and not
non-living things.
Consolidation of present tense verbs (-ar, -er, -ir) in 1st person singular present
‘Traer’s 1st person singular form of the present tense is taught as part of the vocabulary set and
compared and
Routines to similar
daily verbs
life such as ‘hacer’ and poner’ that have a ‘g’ in the 1st person singular of
the present tense.
Phonics Focus:
Consolidate SSCs ge/gi /j - soft [g], previously taught in Y7. The focus is on listening and
writing.
Grammar:
Introduction of the reflexive pronoun ‘me’. This is contrasted with ‘mi’ in the introductory slide
and exercises, and then with verbs that either need or do not need the reflexive pronoun.
Consolidation of the personal ‘a’ with a direct object that is living.
Vocabulary:
The vocabulary set this week lends itself for use with reflexive pronouns and the context of daily
routine.
Describing a series of events (narration)
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of SSCs [n] / [ñ], previously taught in Y7. The focus is on listening and reading.
Grammar:
Introduction of object-verb-subject word order with direct object 'lo' and 'la‘.
Consolidation of personal ‘a’.
The 1st and 3rd person singular of ‘seguir’ in the present tense is introduced specifically given
the radical change and spelling rules it involves.
Consolidation of ‘para + infinitive’.
Notes:
Talking about giving and receiving (birthdays)
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of SSCs [v] & [b]
The pronunciation of ‘me’ in Spanish and the SSC [e] is revisited briefly on slide 8.
Grammar:
Introduction of indirect object pronouns (me, te, le)
Consolidation of pre-verbal object position
Describing how things make people feel
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of SSCs [r] vs [rr]. The focus is on listening and writing. There are two possible
activities provided here, for teachers to select depending on the challenge required.
Some of the words used in the exercises are names and city names from the Spanish-speaking
world. Teachers could find others perhaps as an opportunity to increase geographical knowledge
of Spainopinions
Giving and Latinabout
America (eg Barrancabermeja, Corrientes, Barranquilla)
school
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of SSC ‘silent h’. The focus is on writing and all words in this activity have been
previously taught. This is more of a spelling recall activity rather than based on sound.
Grammar:
Consolidation of gustar-type verbs, continuing from the previous week. Slide 17 introduces the
‘to like’ and ‘to love’ translations of ‘gustar’ and ‘encantar’ (see the note on this in last week’s
lesson). These are practiced in subsequent activities.
Consolidation of indirect object pronouns (me, te, le)
Consolidation of object-first word order
Vocabulary:
Text exploitation: Ayaymamá
Phonics Focus:
Various SSCs are revisited here, namely: [r], [rr]; [co]; [l], [ll]; [b], [v]; silent h; [gu]; [ga].
These phonics are practised in an entry text about Peru that helps set the context for this week’s
lessons.
Grammar:
Consolidation of ‘ser’ for traits and ‘estar’ for state/location. Various parts of these two verbs in
the present tense are paired and practised in the activities (infinitives, 2nd person singular, 3rd
Describing what
person singular andpeople
plural)do (visiting a Spanish city)
Phonics Focus:
A range of SSCs are revisited in a speaking/listening/writing activity in the context of learning
more about Santa Cruz de Tenerife, about which many of the activities in this lesson are based.
These are: [a], [e], [i], [o], [u]; [r], [rr]; [co]; [ci]; [ll]; [que], [qui]; silent h; [gu], [go], [gui];
[ge]; [z]; [b], [v].
Grammar:
Consolidation of subject pronouns for singular persons (yo, tú, él, ella)
Consolidation of present tense –er/–ir verbs in singular persons (for habitual meaning). All three
forms are brought together for activities on slides 7-11.
Slide 13 focuses on some conjunctions and adverbial phrases.
Describing your family members and those of others
Phonics Focus:
Sounds and spelling: introduce (-qué) ending for –ar verbs ending in –car in 1st person singular
preterite. This is, of course, also important for grammar.
Grammar:
Consolidation of 1st person singular of –ar verbs in the preterite (accompanies the phonics
activity on slides 3-7).
consolidate ‘mi/s’ and introduce possessive adjectives ‘su/s’.
consolidate ‘es’ and ‘son’ and adjective agreement for number and gender.
Teachers could remind students of the use of ‘a’ after verbs such as criticar and cuidar (used on
slides 5 and 7).
Describing how people feel
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of strong vowels [a], [e], [o] when two vowels go together, eg [ee], [oe], [eo],
[ea], and [ae]
Grammar:
Introduction of regular comparatives (más que, menos que)
Consolidation of ‘está’ and ‘están’ for describing state
Revisiting of reflexive verbs in first person singular form (eg me lavo), though the focus is more
on the meaning of the verb in the listening activity on slide 4.
Revisiting ‘nuestro’ in the singular form, masculine and feminine.
Vocabulary:
Various new words are used in the phonic activity on slides 2-3
Given the grammatical focus on comparisons, teachers may wish to have more adjectives that
have been taught
Comparing on(shopping)
things the SOW for more practice after the explanation on slide 8.
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of weak vowel [u], with [ua] and [ue]
Grammar:
Introduction of singular demonstratives ‘este’ and ‘esta’
Consolidation of comparatives, including mejor que and peor que
Introuduction of the infinitive and 3rd person singular of ‘top 25’ verb ‘parecer’
Vocabulary:
Words in the phonics activity with the [u] weak vowel are all unknown apart from ‘cuerpo’.
Describing what people do and did (sport)
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of final syllable stress and spelling rules
Grammar:
Introduction of ‘hice’ and ‘hiciste’ and consolidation of ‘hago’ and haces’
Consolidation of adverbs of position and ‘del’/’de la’
Vocabulary:
Words in the phonics activity have not all been previously taught, but have translations on the
slide. Words on the example slide include some 1st and 3rd person singular verbs of all regular
endings (-ar, -er, -ir) to link the grammar and phonics final syllable stress rules.
The vocabulary set this week gives a lot of opportunities to revisit other words that can go with
‘hacer’. ‘Hacer fila’ and ‘hacer daño’ are given a callout to show they become verbs when
translated into English (to queue / to hurt)
‘Fondo’ is given an extra callout on slide 7 given how it can different meanings depending on
the context.
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of final syllable stress and spelling rules
Grammar:
Introduction of ‘fui’ and ‘fuiste’
Consolidation of ‘voy’
Consolidation of of para + infinitive
Consolidation of ‘estar’ with state (when revising various adjectives in the vocabulary exercises)
Consolidation of ‘a la / al’ before singular nouns.
Vocabulary:
Various cities in Spain and South America are used for the phonics practice this week. This
could be extended by teachers with more cities and places should they so wish.
There is an explanation of the difference between ‘colegio’ and ‘escuela’ on slide 6 (in more
detail in the teachers notes).
A callout is given for ‘ir en avión’. This may be an opportunity to revisit other transport methods
(ir en coche,
Asking ir en tren,
questions aboutBUT ir A
what pie, irdid
people A caballo.
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of penultimate syllable stress in a listening exercise, recognising where the stress
falls.
Grammar:
Consolidation of –ar/–er/–ir verbs in 1st and 2nd person singular in the preterite
Introduction of how to say dates in Spanish, including ‘el primero de’ (Latin America).
Vocabulary:
This week sees the revisiting of another set of Y7 vocabulary.
The ¡Que + noun! Expression is seen on slide 10 with ¡Qué vergüenza! and ¡qué ruido más feo!
This could be expanded with other examples, including with adjectives (qué suerte, qué miedo,
qué rabia, qué raro, qué triste, etc)
Asking questions about what people do
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of penultimate syllable stress and spelling rules
Grammar:
Consolidation of regular -ar, -er, -ir verbs: all persons singular and plural PRESENT tense (apart
from 2nd person plural which will be introduced in Y9)
Vocabulary:
This week sees the revisiting of another set of Y7 vocabulary. The set allows the context of
‘school’ to be a theme for the lesson, with cultural information about the education system in
Spain.
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of antepenultimate and penultimate syllable stressed words with accents.
Grammar:
Introduction of present continuous with –ar verbs, estar + present participle (1st, 2nd and 3rd
person singular forms of estar)
Revisit debo + infinitive
Revisit demonstratives (esta, estas) as these are very similar to forms of estar
Revisiting dual meanings of the present tense and comparing these with the present continuous
Talking about what is happening now (making a film)
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of antepenultimate syllable stress in a speaking, listening and writing exercise
Grammar:
Introduction of present continuous with –er/-ir verbs in the 1st person plural plural form
(estamos + -iendo)
Revisiting the use of ‘querer’ as a modal verb, in the 1st person plural form.
Vocabulary:
Describing traditions in Spanish-speaking countries
(includes work on a challenging text about La Tomatina)
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of antepenultimate syllable stress in a speaking activity
Grammar:
Consolidation of the 3rd person singular present (-a) and the 3rd person plural present (-an) of –
ar verbs in the present tense
Consolidation of –qué and gué verbs in the 1st person of the past tense (in the phonics activity of
the lesson)
Talking about past trips
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of [j] SSC paired against [gu] SSC in a listening and writing activity.
Grammar:
Consolidation of the preterite tense of ‘ir’ and ‘hacer’ in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd person singular
Vocabulary:
This is a revision week of a set of Y7 vocabulary.
Mexican cities are used for the listening and writing phonics activity.
New words are glossed in the text about the Spanish King’s holiday in Mallorca.
Lesson planning [2]
Phonics Focus:
Continued work on syllables in Spanish
Grammar:
Consolidation of 1st person singular of the preterite of –ar verbs, contrasted with
1st person singular of the present.
Vocabulary:
Months taught in Y7 are revisited as past tense lead-in phrases. There is also the
opportunity to revisit days of the work here (‘el sábado pasado’)
‘Antes’ is taught in the construction ‘antes de + infinitive’, referring back to
después de (Y7, Term 3.1.5).
Comparing past experiences [2]
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of strong vowels [a], [e], [o]
Grammar:
Consolidation of –ar verbs in the 2nd person singular of the preterite, contrasted
with the 2nd person singular of the present tense.
Consolidation of question words.
Vocabulary:
There is an activity to practise semantic connections between words, an activity
included in NCELP achievement tests.
Notes:
There is a continued focus on using ser and estar related to what people are like at
the moment vs in general, but there is also some focus on location and places.
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of weak vowels [i] and [u]
Grammar:
Consolidation of ‘ser’ (for traits) vs ‘estar’ (for state/mood and location) in
singular and plural persons. There is more of a focus on 1st person plural and 3rd
person plural in this lesson.
Consolidation of adjectival agreement for gender and number
Vocabulary:
In this lesson we show how adjectives can change in meaning when used with ser
and estar (malo, seguro, listo, rojo)
Comparing what you and someone else (we) do [2]
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of final syllable stress and accent rules (words ending in ‘n’ and ‘s’
having an accent).
Grammar:
Consolidation of 1st person plural of –er verbs in the present tense, contrasted with
the 1st person singular.
Introduction of adverbs of time to show how the present tense in Spanish can have
two potential meanings (we do or we are doing). This links to considering best
translations of routine vs ongoing / current actions.
There is a brief reference to the ‘para + infinitive’ construction, which will be
taught in detail later this year.
Vocabulary:
Given the inclusion of ‘realidad’ and ‘sociedad’ in this week’s vocabulary set, we
note that all ‘-dad’ words in Spanish are feminine and often correspond to ‘-ity’ in
English, and add an exercise to practise this with near cognates.
Describing what people do (at home)
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of final syllable stress for words ending in a vowel.
Grammar:
Introduction of subject pronouns nosotros/nosotras and ellos/ellas.
Introduction of 1st and 3rd person plural of hacer in the present tense.
Vocabulary:
Continuation of using phrases with ‘hacer’
Asking what people can and must do (in class)
Phonics focus:
Introduction of the penultimate syllable stress spelling rules, (if the stress is on the
penultimate syllable and the word ends in a vowel, n or s, then there is no accent;
with other final letters then an accent is used on the vowel of the penultimate
syllable).
Grammar:
Consolidation of the present tense of deber (debo, debes, debe and deben) and
introduction of debemos. As with poder, its use as a modal verb is stressed.
Vocabulary:
This week’s vocabulary set and related activities links with instructions in class,
which may lead to opportunities for more spontaneous uses of Spanish in the
classroom by students, as with poder in the first lesson.
Notes:
The context of parties and celebrations continues in this lesson.
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of penultimate syllable stress rules. The focus is on correct
pronunciation and production of words and recognition of on which syllable the
stress of words lies.
Grammar:
Consolidation of the 1st person plural –imos form of –ir verbs in the present tense.
Consolidation of present tense –er/-ir verbs and the 1st person singular –o form.
Exercises contrast the1st person singular with the 1st person plural of –ir verbs
Consolidation of the present simple for routine actions vs ongoing/unfinished
actions, seen recently in 8.1.1.4 lesson 2.
Vocabulary:
Several new vocabulary items this week are –ir verbs, specifically for using with
the grammar focus. Previously taught –ir verbs from Y7 are revisited in this lesson
(escribir, abrir, vivr; recibir, compartir).
Describing events in the past and present (at school) [2]
Phonics focus:
Continued consolidation of the final syllable stress, spelling and accents rules.
Grammar:
Consolidation of first person singular of –er/-ir verbs in the present and preterite
tenses.
Introduction of prenominal adjectives (mismo, ultimo, primero, segundo, tercero,
propio). The use of ‘primer’ and ‘tercer’ before a masculine noun is also covered.
Vocabulary:
The context for practice continues to be the classroom. Teachers can look for
opportunities to include a range of new and previously taught vocabulary in their
regular classroom language and expectations for student production.
Describing events in the past and present (free time activities) [2]
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of ante-penultimate syllable stress and spelling rules. The focus this
lesson is more on spoken production by students and listening recognition of
where the stress falls.
Grammar:
Consolidation of past tense (preterite) –er/–ir verbs in 2nd person singular (-iste)
and consolidation of present tense –er/–ir verbs in 2nd person singular (-es).
Listening and reading activities in this lesson contrast these verb forms and tenses.
Consolidation of question words, which has already been revisited earlier in the
Y8 SoW in the second lesson of the 8.1.1.2 week.
Vocabulary:
Several vocabulary items are revisited to practice the use of ‘de’ between two
nouns.
Verbs ending in –er and –ir are again revisited, verbs introduced in Y7 or earlier
in the Y8 SoW.
Word patterns: use of ‘de’ between two nouns (eg partido de fútbol, ropa de
verano).
Describing what people have
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of SSCs [CA], [CO], [CU]. The focus this lesson is on student oral
production.
Grammar:
Consolidation of previously taught plural present tense forms of ‘tener’ (tenemos
and tienen’, to link with the ‘tener phrases’ introduced in this lesson.
Consolidation of subject pronouns nosotros/nosotras and ellos/ellas introduced in
8.1.1.5. There is a reminder of the contexts in which these subject pronouns are
likely to be used (comparing and contrasting).
Vocabulary:
Introduction of the idiomatic uses of tener + noun. Much of the vocabulary related
to this is introduced separately in the homework vocabulary learning sheet leading
up to this lesson and again in this lesson (miedo, razón, suerte, éxito, sueño, calor).
There is a chance to revisit the meaning of previously taught vocabulary including
the SSCs consolidated in this week’s lessons.
Describing feelings and emotions
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of final and penultimate syllable stress, spelling and accent rules
(with –ción / -ciones). The focus in this lesson is on speaking pronunciation and
subsequent listening and writing, applying the rules.
As ‘vergüenza’ is one of this week’s vocabulary set, slide 28 contains and
explanation of this relatively rare use of the dieresis in Spanish and its
pronunciation.
Grammar:
Consolidation of DAR in 3rd person singular (da)
Introduction of DAR in 3rd person plural (dan)
Vocabulary:
Introduction of idiomatic uses of DAR + noun. The nouns in these week’s
vocabulary set that are used with ‘dar’ (pena, tristeza, ánimo, rabia, vergüenza,
alegría, risa are given more focus in this lesson and used in the receptive and
productive activities.
Consolidation of –ción’ suffix and spelling rules.
The use of ‘mismo’ before a noun is consolidated here.
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of SSCs [cue], [cua], [cui], taught in Y7. The focus is on spoken
production of these SSCs. [que] and [qui] are also contrasted in tonguetwister type
activities.
Grammar:
Introduction of van a + infinitive. This is contrasted the ‘vamos’ 1st person plural
form in activities.
Introduction of ‘ir de + noun’ expressions
Consolidation of the use of ‘para’ in different contexts to mean ‘for’ and ‘in order
to.’
Vocabulary:
Several of the words from this week’s vocabulary set are introduced to be used
with the ‘ir de + noun’ construction and others are revisited(vacaciones, fiesta,
paseo, fiesta, camping, tapas, compras, copas, tiendas).
Work on a challenging text – Bolivia: un país diverso [2]
Notes:
Continuation of the topic and aims of the previous lesson this week. The
homework offers the opportunity for students to find out about and write about a
different South American (Latin American) country with questions to help
structure students’ written efforts.
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of SSC [ll]. The focus of practice is on spoken production using a
tonguetwister.
Grammar:
Introduction of suffixes –ía and –ia, including their difference in stress, gender and
usual meaning in English (correspondence with ‘-y’).
Consolidation of 3rd person singular/plural forms of different verbs
Consolidation of ‘para’ + infinitive
Vocabulary:
The vocabulary focus this week lends itself to some of the geographical features
and conditions of Bolivia.
Revisiting of numbers 6-20, with a focus on spoken production.
Consolidation of idiomatic ‘tener phrases’.
Consolidation of use of ‘de’ between two nouns
Describing what people do (festive traditions)
Notes:
Some cultural and geographical knowledge of Spain is taught in this lesson in the
phonics focus revisiting of [ce] and [ci]. There is also a reminder of the distinction
between common accents in Spain and Latin America. (Teachers may like to go
further and tell students that within Latin America, and, indeed, within individual
countries, there are regional accents).
There is also description of some Christmas traditions in Spain (the doce uvas) and
Christmas-related vocabulary, that teachers could build upon if they so wish.
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of SSCs [ce] & [ci]. These are linked to Spanish cities for some
additional cultural and geographical knowledge of Spain. The focus is on listening,
and, later in an exercise on slide 22, on spoken production.
Grammar:
Consolidation of present tense –er/-ir verbs in first and third person plural (-emos,
-imos, -en)
Describing what people do (technology and social networks)
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of SSC [z] with a focus on written production.
Grammar:
Consolidation of -ar verbs in 3rd person singular preterite (-ó).
Consolidation of –ar verbs in 1st person singular person (-o).
Consolidation of adverbs of position with ‘del’ and ‘de la’.
Vocabulary:
Words containing the SSC [z] that is the phonics focus have been previously
taught in thetravel
Describing Y7 andinY8
theSoW
past and
andtheir meaning
present [2] is revisited.
Phonics focus:
Consolidation of SSC [que] and [cue]. Focus is on student spoken production, with
listening and writing activities in response.
Grammar:
Introduction of -er/-ir verbs 3rd person singular preterite (-ió)
Consolidation of -er/-ir verbs in 1st and 2nd person singular preterite (-í, -iste).
Consolidation of 3rd person singular present (-e)
Talking about the environment [2]
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of SSC [qui] (contrasted with [que]). The focus is on spoken
production.
Final syllable stress and accents is also referred due during the 1st and 3rd person
singular endings of the preterite for –are verbs.
Grammar:
Consolidation of –er & –ir verbs in the preterite: 1st, 2nd and 3rd person singular
(-í, -iste, -ió). Activities practice recognition and use of these forms together.
Vocabulary:
Consolidation of a subset of the Year 7 vocabulary.
There is a chance to revisit numbers 1-10 with the activity on slide 17.
Previously taught –er and –ir verbs are revisited in the activities practicing the
preterite tense (see, for example, slide 37). Teachers can look through the SoW in
Y7 and Y8 for more if more practice is needed or there is time for a plenary at the
end of the lesson
Saying what you do for others [2]
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of SSCs [ga], [go], [gu], previously taught in Y7. The focus is on
spoken production in the form of a tonguetwister
Grammar:
Consolidation of personal ‘a’ related to the direct object, related to living things
and non-living things. ‘Al’ is now included. The use of ‘a’ to mean ‘to’ is also
revisited and practiced.
Consolidation of prenominal adjectives, including those that drop an ‘o’ before a
masculineand
Routines object (buen,
daily life mal,
[2] primer, tercer).
Phonics Focus:
Consolidate SSCs ge/gi /j - soft [g], previously taught in Y7. The SSC [j] is also
revisited. The focus is on spoken production and then listening and writing in
response.
Grammar:
Consolidate reflexive ‘me’ and introduce reflexive ‘te’.
Revisit ‘mi’ and ‘tu’ and contrast with ‘me’ and ‘te’.
Vocabulary:
The vocabulary set this week lends itself for use with reflexive pronouns and the
context of daily routine. ‘te’, ‘llamar’ and ‘poner’ are specifically introduced and
Describing a series of events (narration)
used in this lesson.
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of SSCs [n] / [ñ], previously taught in Y7. The focus is on spoken
production and uses words previously taught in the Y7 and Y8 SoW.
Grammar:
Introduction of Object Verb Subject word order with direct object 'lo' 'la‘ now in
sentences with object pronoun only.
Consolidation of personal ‘a’
The potential confusion and difference in meaning between the direct object
pronoun ‘la’ and the definite article ‘la’ is highlighted.
Talking about giving and receiving (birthdays) [2]
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of SSCs [v] & [b]. The focus is on spoken production with
subsequent listening and writing.
Grammar:
Introduction of indirect object pronoun ‘le’
Consolidation of indirect object pronouns ‘me’ and ‘te’
Describing how things make people feel [2]
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of SSCs [r] vs [rr]. The focus is on spoken production involving a
tonguetwister.
Grammar:
Consolidation of Subject Verb Object vs Object Verb Subject word order
Giving opinions about school
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of SSC ‘silent h’. The focus is on speaking and subsequent listening
and writing.
Grammar:
Consolidation of gustar-type verbs
Consolidation of indirect object pronoun ‘le’. In Year 9, students will also learn
about the use of disjunctive object pronouns to make the referent of ‘le’ clear (e.g.
A ella le da miedo). Because students have so far only studied ‘él’ and ‘ella’ as
subject pronouns, we leave further explanation of this until later.
Consolidation of object-first word order
Text exploitation: Ayaymamá [2]
Phonics Focus:
Various SSCs are revisited here, namely: [y]; [ch]; [ge]; [ga]; [gu]; [j] [r]; [ci];
[ce]; [qui]; [que]. These are practised in a speaking/listening/writing task that gives
more contextual and cultural information about the Amazon region.
Grammar:
Consolidation of ‘ser’ for traits and ‘estar’ for state/location. Various parts of these
two verbs in the present tense are paired and practised in the activities (infinitives,
Describing what people
2nd person singular, do (visiting
3rd person a Spanish
singular city)
and plural)
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of SSC [ce], [ci], [z] and reminder of different pronunciation in
mainland Spain versus the Canaries and Latin America.
Grammar:
Consolidation of use of present tense –ar verbs in singular persons (including
ongoing meaning). These three forms are practised together in the activities in this
lesson. Slide 21 reminds students of this potential dual meaning and use of the
present tense.
Consolidation of use of ‘para’ + infinitive
Vocabulary:
Describing family members and their jobs
Phonics Focus:
consolidate (-qué) ending for –ar verbs in 1st person singular preterite and
introduce (-gué) ending. This is, of course, relevant for grammar as well.
Recap of final syllable stress and ending accent rules with numbers (eg veintidós,
veintitrés etc)
Grammar:
Introduce ‘nuestro’ and its agreement in gender with singular nouns
(nuestro/nuestra)
Consolidate possessive adjectives tu/tus and su/sus
Introduce spelling changes for 1st person singular of verbs ending in –car and –
Describing
gar, done as how people
part of feel [2]activities on slides 23-25.
the phonics
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of strong vowels [a], [e], [o] when two vowels go together, eg [ee],
[oe], [eo], [ea], [ae] and [ua].
Grammar:
Consolidation of regular comparatives ‘más que’ and ‘menos ‘que’.
Introduction of irregular comparatives ‘mejor que’ and peor que’.
Introduction of ‘de’ for possession.
Revisiting of ‘gustar’-type verbs.
Consolidation of adjective agreements with comparatives.
Vocabulary:
Various new words are used in the phonic activity on slides 18-19 on strong
vowels. Some of these are cognates.
As with the previous
Comparing lesson, teachers could have more adjectives ready from the
things (shopping)
SOW for extra examples with comparatives for slide 23.
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of weak vowel [i] SSC, with [io], [ie] and [ia]
Grammar:
Introduction of plural demonstratives ‘estos’ and ‘estas’
Consolidation of singular demonstratives ‘este’ and ‘esta’
Consolidation of question words, and consolidation of question formation in
Spanish (no use of ‘do’ / ‘don’t’) with different forms of the verb (2nd and 3rd
person singular)
Describing what people do and did
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of final syllable stress and spelling rules
Grammar:
Introduction of ‘hizo’ and consolidation of ‘hice’ and ‘hiciste’ which were
introduced in the first lesson this week. All three are practised alongside each other
in activities in this lesson.
Consolidation of subject pronouns (singular)
The 3rd person singular of the past tense is revisited on slide 24 alongside ‘le’, as
part of the vocabulary revisiting exercise.
Vocabulary:
There are various new words used in the phonics activity at the start of this lesson.
Their meanings may be learnt incidentally.
Revisiting of numbers and those with accents (21-30)
A callout on slide 26 explains the difference between ‘antiguo’ and ‘viejo’
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of final syllable stress and spelling rules
Grammar:
Introduction of ‘fue’ alongside the onsolidation of ‘fui’ and ‘fuiste’ which were
introduced in the previous lesson. These are practised together in the activities in
this lesson.
Consolidation of ‘voy’, ‘vas’ and ‘va’
Introduction of adverbs ending in –mente and their correspondence with English –
ly
Consolidation of ‘para’ + infinitive
Revisiting of ‘gustar’ type verbs in the 3rd person singular (with singular and
plural nouns)
Vocabulary:
More cities in Spain and South America are used for the phonics practice this
week,
Learningadding to those
about used Spanish-speaking
a famous in the previous lesson. As before, this could be
person
extended by teachers with more cities and places should they so wish.
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of penultimate syllable stress in a listening exercise, recognising
where the stress falls.
Grammar:
Consolidation of –ar/–er/–ir verbs in 3rd person singular preterite (-ó and –ió
endings)
Consolidation of ‘ir’ and ‘hacer’ in 3rd person singular preterite (fue and hizo)
Revisiting how to say dates in Spanish, which was introduced in the previous
lesson. This could lead to a speaking and listening activity in class lining up
everyone in age by their birthday if there is time.
Asking questions about what people do (2)
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of penultimate syllable stress and spelling rules in a speaking and
listening activity
Grammar:
Consolidation of 1st person singular (-o), 2nd person singular (-as, -es)
1st person plural (-amos, -emos, -imos), and the present simple for ongoing
meaning (e.g. hablo – I am speaking)
Vocabulary:
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of antepenultimate syllable stressed words with accents in a
listening exercise.
Grammar:
Consolidation of present continuous with –ar verbs, estar + present participle
Revisit demonstratives (esta, estas). Estás /está + gerund and estas / esta + noun are
contrasted in some activities.
Revisiting antepenultimate syllable stress and spelling
Talking about what is happening now (making a film) (2)
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of antepenultimate syllable stress in a speaking activity
Grammar:
Consolidation of present continuous with –er/-ir verbs in the 1st and 3rd person
plural form (estamos / están + -iendo)
Revisiting the use of ‘querer’ as a modal verb, in the 1st and 3rd person plural
form.
Describing traditions in Spanish-speaking countries
(includes work on a challenging text about La Tomatina)
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of antepenultimate syllable stress in a speaking activity
Grammar:
Consolidation of the 3rd person singular present (-a) and the 3rd person plural
present (-an) of –ar verbs in the present tense
Consolidation of –qué and gué verbs in the 1st person of the past tense (in the
phonics activity of the lesson)
Talking about future trips
Phonics Focus:
Consolidation of [j] SSC paired against [gu] SSC in a speaking, listening and
writing activity with tongue twisters.
Grammar:
Consolidation of the preterite tense of ‘ir’ and the simple future construction using
ir + a + infinitive in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd person singular forms.
Consolidation of the use of ser and estar, in the 2nd person singular and 1st person
plural forms.
Week
Term
Year
Term 1.1 Week 1 Term 1.1 Week 1 Verbs: 1st person present & past tense
Term 1.2 Week 1 Term 1.2 Week 1 Verbs: 1st person present & past tense
Term 3.1 Week 3 Term 3.1 Week 3 Verbs (present): 3rd person singular/plural
n; prep. preposition; noun (m): masculine noun; noun (f): feminine noun; noun (m/f) masculine and
one PoS tag are ordered alphabetically, e.g. adj., noun (m).
ctions, determiners, cardinal numbers, ordinals, and proper nouns, as well as a few multiple-word phrases.
en though they might also be considered to be a determiner.
lumn
s for any given word. Although our data source occasionally lists more than two, we feel that the inclusion
ELP lists unnecessarily complex for users. We therefore offer a judgement of the two most relevant uses of
ntext, our SoW and the usage implied by the GCSE vocabulary lists.
ommon) to >5000 (beyond the 5000 most frequent).
ies, 2018) provides frequency data for lemma, it is not possible to present accurate frequency rankings for
he frequency of the corpus entry for the infinitive.
t consists of more than one word, we offer the frequency of all constituent words, ordering these
indicate whether an NCELP word is also in the current AQA/Edexcel GCSE vocabulary list. This includes
words covered by the grammar specification.
ed as separate entries from the infinitive (estar) as learners usually store and access these forms as lexical
for the entry as used in the Quizlet vocabulary sets. These are occasionally different from the English
ld not make sense to have a long English entry, e.g., BE 3rd person singular (he/she is).
counts, as follows:
y item that is included in the vocabulary sets for weekly practice.
ely each new meaning of any polysemous words (see Multiple Senses tab).
s in the same way as the NCELP Total, but counts only once any words with multiple meanings, e.g., rico
wo entries for NCELP total.
verb (inf), irregular - verb (irreg). Verb irregularity is determined by using a calculation of the distance
for the entry as used in the Quizlet vocabulary sets. These are occasionally different from the English
ld not make sense to have a long English entry, e.g., BE 3rd person singular (he/she is).
counts, as follows:
y item that is included in the vocabulary sets for weekly practice.
ely each new meaning of any polysemous words (see Multiple Senses tab).
s in the same way as the NCELP Total, but counts only once any words with multiple meanings, e.g., rico
wo entries for NCELP total.
verb (inf), irregular - verb (irreg). Verb irregularity is determined by using a calculation of the distance
orm and its regularised form, e.g., 'puedo' compared to 'podo'. This measure is called the Levenshtein
gular if the normalised LD (Levenshtein distance) is <.75.
Term Week
1.1 Wk 1
Wk 2
Wk 3
Wk 4
Wk 5
Wk 6
Wk 7
1.2 Wk 1
Wk 2
Wk 3
Wk 4
Wk 5
Wk 6
Wk 7
7
2.1 Wk 1
Wk 2
Wk 3
Wk 4
Wk 5
Wk 6
2.2 Wk 1
Wk 2
Wk 3
Wk 4
Wk 5
10
3.1 Wk 1
Wk 2
Wk 3
Wk 4
Wk 5
Wk 6
3.2 Wk 1
Wk 2
Wk 3
Wk 4
Wk 5
Wk 6
Wk 7
14
1.1
1.2
2.1
2.2
3.1
3.2
1.1
1.2
2.1
2.2
3.1
3.2
Bold text=grammar feature taught
Normal text=grammar rev
regular -ar verbs: 1st, 2nd, 3rd person singular PAST preterite (-é, -aste & -ó); question words; su
regular -er/-ir verbs: 1st, 2nd, 3rd person singular PAST preterite (-í, iste & -ió); yes-no Qs with r
possessive adjectives 'mi, mis' & 'tu', tus'; contrast with reflexive pronouns 'me', 'te'; está/están; pr
possessive adjectives 'su, sus' ; reflexive pronoun 'se'; es/son; adjective-noun gender and number
object-first word order only; direct object 'lo', 'la', 'los', 'las'; present tense -ar verbs in singular pe
object-first word order only; gustar-type verbs; indirect object pronouns (me, te), present tense-ar
object vs subject-first word order (using personal 'a' to disambiguate); gustar-type verbs (now in
person sing (-a) vs plural (-an), inc. dar + noun
regular ar verbs 2nd person singular PRESENT (-as) vs 2nd person plural (-áis) - including está
SER vs ESTAR; estáis vs sois; possessive adjective; vuestro/a (singular forms only); 2nd perso
SER vs ESTAR soy/somos; estoy/estamos; regular and irregular comparative adjectives; adjectiv
Revision to cover 8.3.2.4-9.1.2.3, including present continuous with -ar/-er/-ir verbs; test practice
Assessment week #1
IR in singular persons for habitual PRESENT and PAST preterite - voy, vas, va; fui, fuiste, fue; a
IR in plural persons for habitual PRESENT and future intention - vamos, vais, van; ir a + infinitiv
HACER PAST preterite tense - hago, haces, hace; hice, hiciste, hizo; subject pronouns; question w
regular -ar verbs 1st person singular PAST preterite (-é) vs 1st person plural PAST preterite (-am
regular -er/-ir verbs 1st person plural PRESENT(-emos, -imos) vs plural PAST preterite (-imos);
'nuestros' and 'nuestras')
regular -er/-ir verbs 3rd person singular PAST preterite (-ió); vs plural (-ieron); 3rd sing vs plura
and 'nuestras'); demonstrative adjectives este/esta
regular -ar, -er, ir verbs 3rd person PAST preterite (-aron, -ieron); demonstrative adjectives estos/
TENER PAST preterite tense - tuve, tuviste, tuvo; tengo, tienes, tiene; use of tener que + infini
ESTAR present vs past meaning - estoy, estás, está; vs estaba, estabas, estaba (for both locatio
and irregular comparatives (adjectives only); relative pronouns for subject relative clauses (do
present continuous (estar + -ando/-iendo) vs imperfect estar + gerund for events in progress es
subject relative clauses (cuando);
present continuous (estar + -ando/-iendo) vs imperfect tense for ongoing events in progress; prete
Assessment week #2
preterite vs imperfect for past habitual events -ar verbs (-aba, -abas, -aba) inc. dar; estaba, es
preterite vs imperfect for past habitual events -er/-ir verbs (-ía, ías, -ía); also revisit querer, pode
SER present vs imperfect (es vs era; eres vs eras); also 'era' for both 'I' and 's/he'; cuando (as relat
Text exploitation week #2 - if text weeks 1 and 3 are non-fiction, make this fiction
regular -ar verbs in 2nd person singular (-as) vs plural (-áis); eres vs sois; vas vs vais
regular -er verbs - 2nd person singular (-es) vs plural PRESENT (-éis) including modals (podéis
person plural PRESENT (-ís); vuestro (now in plural forms vuestros and vuestras)
personal 'a'; gustar-type verbs; object vs subject-first word order; direct &indirect pronouns
prenominal adjectives; ser vs estar; adjective-noun gender and number agreement
demonstrative adjectives ese, esa, esos, esas; este, esta, estos, estas; modals PODER, DEBER, QU
demonstrative adjectives este/esta/ese/esa; es; possessive adjectives (mío/a, tuyo/a, suyo/a) (not i
adjective gender agreement
3rd person singular PRESENT and PAST preterite regular and irregular
word order of verbal negation no…nada/nunca/nadie (negator as object); IR all persons + infin
Text exploitation #3 - Diana Trujillo - adapted text on Colombian aerospace engineer; could
Year Category
7 Verb (ESTAR)
7 Verb (ESTAR)
7 Verb (ESTAR)
7 Verb (ESTAR)
7 Verb (ESTAR)
7 Verb (ESTAR)
7 Adjective agreement
7 Verb (SER)
7 Verb (SER)
7 Verb (SER)
7 Questions
7 Verb (TENER)
7 Verb (TENER)
7 Verb (TENER)
7 Noun
7 Determiner
7 Determiner
7 Present
7 Present
7 Present
7 Negation
7 Nouns
7 Adjective agreement
7 Hay
7 Verb (SER)
7 Determiner
7 Determiner
7 Verb (DAR)
7 Verb (DAR)
7 Verb (DAR)
7 Verb (QUERER)
7 Verb (QUERER)
7 Verb (QUERER)
7 Verb (TENER)
7 Verb (TENER)
7 Post-nominal adjectives
7 Verb (HACER)
7 Verb (HACER)
7 Verb (HACER)
7 Question words
7 Present
7 Verb (PODER)
7 Verb (PODER)
7 Verb (PODER)
7 Verb (DEBER)
7 Verb (DEBER)
7 Verb (DEBER)
7 Verb (ESTAR)
7 Verb (ESTAR)
7 Verb (ESTAR)
7 Adverbs
7 Contractions
7 Verb (ESTAR)
7 Verb (SER)
7 Present
7 Present
7 Present
7 Present
7 Present
7 Possessives
7 Possessives
7 Verb (IR)
7 Verb (IR)
7 Verb (IR)
7 Verb (IR)
7 Verb (IR)
7 Contractions
7 Verb (DEBER)
7 Verb (PODER)
8 Preterite
8 Preterite
8 Aspect
8 Present
8 Pronouns
8 Pronouns
8 Verb (HACER)
8 Verb (HACER)
8 Verb (PODER)
8 Present
8 Preterite
8 Adjectives
8 Preterite
8 VERB (TENER)
8 VERB (DAR)
8 VERB (DAR)
8 VERB (DAR)
8 VERB (DAR)
8 Prepositions
8 Verb (IR)
8 Preterite
8 Preterite
8 Prepositions
8 Pronouns
8 Word order
8 Pronouns
8 Pronouns
8 Pronouns
8 Possessives
8 Possessives
8 Comparatives
8 Demonstratives
8 Verb (HACER)
8 Verb (HACER)
8 Present continuous
8 Present continuous
Grammar feature 1st 2nd 3rd
1st person singular (estoy) for LOCATION 7.1.1.1 7.2.1.5 7.2.2.4
2nd person singular (estás) for LOCATION 7.1.1.1 7.2.1.5 7.3.1.3
3rd person singular (está) for LOCATION 7.1.1.1 7.1.1.4 7.1.2.5
1st person singular (estoy) for STATE/MOOD 7.1.1.2 7.2.1.5 8.1.1.3
2nd person singular (estás) for STATE/MOOD 7.1.1.2 7.2.1.5 8.1.1.3
3rd person singular (está) for STATE/MOOD 7.1.1.2 8.1.1.3 8.2.2.5
Adjective gender agreement (-o, -a) 7.1.1.2 7.1.1.3 7.1.2.4
1st singular (soy) for TRAITS 7.1.1.3 7.2.1.5 7.3.1.3
2nd singular (eres) for TRAITS 7.1.1.3 7.2.1.5 7.3.1.3
3rd singular (es) for TRAITS 7.1.1.3 7.1.1.4 7.1.2.4
Yes-no questions with raised intonation 7.1.1.3 7.2.1.3 7.2.2.2
1st singular (tengo) 7.1.1.4 7.1.1.5 7.1.2.2
2nd singular (tienes) 7.1.1.4 7.1.1.5 7.1.2.2
3rd singular (tiene) 7.1.1.4 7.1.1.5 7.1.2.2
Plural rule 1: add -s 7.1.1.4 7.1.1.7 7.1.2.2
Singular indefinite article (un, una) 7.1.1.4 7.1.1.5 7.1.1.6
Plural indefinite article (unos, unas) 7.1.1.5 7.1.1.7 7.1.2.3
AR verbs: 3rd person singular (-a) 7.1.1.6 7.1.1.7 7.1.2.1
AR verbs: 1st person singular (-o) 7.1.1.7 7.1.2.1 7.2.2.1
AR verbs: 2nd person singular (-as) 7.1.1.7 7.1.2.1 8.1.1.2
negative 'no' 7.1.2.1 7.1.2.2 7.3.1.2
Plural 2: add -es 7.1.2.2 7.1.2.3
Adjective number agreement (-s) 7.1.2.1 7.1.2.3 7.1.2.4
Hay 7.1.2.3 7.1.2.4
3rd person plural (son) for TRAITS 7.1.2.4 7.1.2.6 7.2.1.2
Singular definite article (el, la) 7.1.2.5 7.3.2.1
Plural definite article (los, las) 7.1.2.6 7.3.2.1
1st person singular (doy) 7.1.2.7 7.2.1.1 8.1.2.4
2nd person singular (das) 7.1.2.7 7.2.1.1 8.1.2.4
3rd person singular (da) 7.1.2.7 7.2.1.1 8.1.2.4
1st person singular (quiero) 7.1.2.7 7.2.1.1 7.2.2.3
2nd person singular (quieres) 7.1.2.7 7.2.1.1 7.2.2.3
3rd person singular (quiere) 7.1.2.7 7.2.1.1 7.2.2.3
1st person plural (tenemos) 7.2.1.2 7.2.1.3 7.3.2.1
3rd person plural (tienen) 7.2.1.2 7.2.1.3 7.3.2.1
Post-nominal adjectives 7.2.1.3 7.3.1.3
1st person singular (hago) 7.2.1.4 8.1.1.5 8.3.1.5
2nd person singular (haces) 7.2.1.4 8.1.1.5 8.3.1.5
3rd person singular (hace) 7.2.1.4 8.1.1.5 8.3.1.5
Question words 7.2.1.4 7.3.2.3 8.1.1.2
AR verbs: 1st person plural (-amos) 7.2.2.1 7.3.1.3 8.1.2.7
1st person singular (puedo) 7.2.2.2 7.2.2.3 8.1.1.6
2nd person singular (puedes) 7.2.2.2 7.2.2.3
3rd person singular (puede) 7.2.2.2 7.2.2.3 7.3.1.2
1st person singular (debo) 7.2.2.3 8.1.1.6
2nd person singular (debes) 7.2.2.3 8.1.1.6
3rd person singular (debe) 7.2.2.3 7.3.2.7 8.1.1.6
1st person plural (estamos) for LOCATION 7.2.2.4
1st person plural (estamos) for STATE/MOOD 7.2.2.5 8.1.1.3
3rd person plural (están) for LOCATION 7.2.2.4 7.3.2.1 8.2.2.5
Adverbs of position 7.2.2.4 7.3.1.3 8.2.1.1
del vs de la 7.2.2.4 7.3.1.3 8.2.1.1
3rd person plural (están) for STATE/MOOD 7.2.2.5 8.1.1.3
1st person plural (somos) 7.2.2.5 8.1.1.3
AR verbs: 3rd person plural (-an) 7.3.1.1 7.3.1.3 7.3.2.3
ER/IR verbs: 3rd person singular (-e) 7.3.1.4 7.3.1.5 7.3.1.6
ER/IR verbs: 1st person singular (-o) 7.3.1.5 8.1.1.7 8.1.2.1
ER/IR verbs: 2nd person singular (-es) 7.3.1.5 8.1.2.2 8.2.1.5
ER/IR verbs: 3rd person plural (-en) 7.3.1.6 7.3.2.3 7.3.2.7
mi, mis 7.3.2.3 7.3.2.7 8.2.1.6
tu, tus 7.3.2.3 7.3.2.7 8.2.1.6
1st person singular (voy) 7.3.2.4 7.3.2.5 7.3.2.7
2nd person singular (vas) 7.3.2.4 7.3.2.5 7.3.2.7
3rd person singular (va) 7.3.2.4 7.3.2.5 7.3.2.7
1st person plural singular (vamos) 7.3.2.5 7.3.2.7 8.1.2.5
IR + infinitive for future 7.3.2.5 7.3.2.7 8.1.2.5
al vs a la 7.3.2.4 7.3.2.5 8.3.1.6
3rd person plural (deben) 7.3.2.7 8.1.1.6
3rd person plural (pueden) 7.3.2.7 8.1.1.6
AR verbs: 1st person singular preterite (-é) 8.1.1.1 8.1.1.2 8.2.1.3
AR verbs: 2nd person singular (-aste) 8.1.1.2 8.2.1.3 8.3.2.1
Present simple for ongoing meaning 8.1.1.4 8.1.1.7
ER verbs 1st person plural (-emos) 8.1.1.4 8.1.2.7 8.3.2.2
Subject pronouns (yo, tú, él, ella) 8.1.1.5 8.1.2.3 8.2.1.3
Subject pronouns (nosotros/as, ellos/as) 8.1.1.5 8.1.2.3
1st person plural (hacemos) 8.1.1.5
3rd person plural (hacen) 8.1.1.5
1st person plural (podemos) 8.1.1.6
IR verbs: 1st person plural (-imos) 8.1.1.7 8.1.2.7 8.3.2.2
ER/IR verbs: 1st person singular (-í) 8.1.2.1 8.1.2.2 8.2.1.2
Prenominal adjectives 8.1.2.1 8.2.1.2 8.2.1.5
ER/IR verbs: 2nd person singular (-iste) 8.1.2.2 8.2.1.2 8.2.1.3
Idiomatic uses of 'tener' + noun 8.1.2.3 8.1.2.6
Idiomatic uses of 'dar' + noun 8.1.2.4 8.2.2.5
1st person plural (damos) 8.1.2.4
3rd person plural (dan) 8.1.2.4
1st person plural (queremos) 8.1.2.4
Para + infinitive 8.1.2.5 8.1.2.6 8.3.1.1
3rd person plural (van) 8.1.2.5
AR verbs: 3rd person singular (-ó) 8.2.1.1 8.2.1.3 8.3.2.1
ER/IR verbs: 3rd person singular (-ió) 8.2.1.2 8.2.1.3 8.3.2.1
Personal 'a' 8.2.1.5 8.2.1.6
Reflexive 'me', 'te', 'le' 8.2.1.6
Pre-verbal position of object pronoun 8.2.2.1 8.2.2.2 8.2.2.3
Direct object 'lo', 'la' 8.2.2.1
Indirect object 'me', 'te', 'le' 8.2.2.2 8.2.2.3 8.2.2.4
Interesar-type verbs 8.2.2.3 8.2.2.4
Su, sus 8.3.1.2 8.3.2.2
Nuestro/a, nuestros/as 8.3.1.2 8.3.1.3
Más/menos que and peor(es)/mejor(es) 8.3.1.3 8.3.1.4
Este/esta/estos/estas 8.3.1.4
Hice, hiciste, hizo 8.3.1.5 8.3.2.7
Fui, fuiste, fue 8.3.1.6 8.3.2.7
Present tense form of ESTAR + -ando 8.3.2.4 8.3.2.7
Present tense form of ESTAR + -iendo 8.3.2.5 8.3.2.7
4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th
7.3.1.3
7.2.2.4 7.3.2.3
8.2.2.5
8.3.1.3
7.1.2.6 7.2.1.2 7.2.1.4 7.2.2.5 8.1.1.3 8.3.1.2 8.3.1.3
8.1.1.3
8.1.1.3 8.2.2.5
7.1.2.5 7.1.2.6 7.2.1.2 7.2.1.4 7.3.2.3 8.1.1.3 8.2.2.5
7.3.1.3 7.3.2.4
7.2.1.2 7.2.1.3 7.3.2.1 8.1.2.3
7.2.1.3 7.3.2.1 8.1.2.3
7.1.2.3 7.1.2.4 7.2.1.2 7.3.2.1 7.3.2.3 8.1.2.3
7.1.2.3 7.1.2.4
7.1.1.7 7.1.2.3 7.1.2.5 7.1.2.7 7.3.2.1
7.1.2.7 7.3.2.1
7.3.1.1 7.3.1.2 7.3.1.3 7.3.2.3 8.3.1.1 8.3.2.2
7.3.1.3 7.3.1.3 8.1.1.1 8.2.1.1 8.2.1.5 8.3.1.1 8.3.2.2
8.2.1.5 8.3.1.1 8.3.2.2
7.3.2.4 7.3.2.7 8.1.1.1 8.3.2.1 8.3.2.2
8.1.2.4
8.1.2.4
7.3.2.7
8.1.2.3
7.3.2.3 8.1.2.3
8.1.2.2 8.3.1.4
8.3.2.2
7.3.2.3 7.3.2.7 8.1.1.6
8.3.1.3
8.1.2.7 8.3.2.2
7.3.2.3 8.1.2.6 8.2.1.2 8.3.1.1 8.3.2.2
8.2.1.5 8.3.1.1 8.3.2.2
8.3.1.1 8.3.2.2
8.1.1.7 8.1.2.6 8.1.2.7 8.3.2.2
8.3.1.2
8.3.1.2
8.1.2.5 8.3.1.6
8.1.2.5 8.3.1.6
8.1.2.5 8.3.1.6
8.3.2.7
8.3.2.1
8.2.1.3 8.3.2.1
8.3.2.1
8.2.2.4
Word English ¹ Y T Wk
en in 7 1.1 1
listo ready 7 1.1 2
no no 7 1.1 2
seguro sure 7 1.1 2
alto tall 7 1.1 3
malo* bad 7 1.2 4
llevar to wear 7 1.1 7
rico rich 7 1.2 4
de of 7 2.1 4
trabajo work 7 1.2 6
querer to want 7 1.2 7
para for 7 2.1 4
pasar to spend (time) 7 2.2 1
moreno* brown 7 2.2 5
aburrido* boring 7 2.2 5
loco* crazy 7 2.2 5
por around 7 3.1 5
ganar to win 8 1.1 2
ya already 8 2.1 2
sobre about 8 1.1 4
historia story 8 2.1 5
dejar to leave 8 2.1 1
poner to put 8 1.1 4
tomar to take 8 1.1 2
presentar to present 8 1.2 5
me myself 8 2.1 6
te yourself 8 2.1 6
rt of speech)
rt of speech)
letter, card, menu
of work have multiple meanings (homonymy) or multiple senses
this issue is covered in the SOW, the superscript number in
o the first, second, or third time that a word is introduced, each
g or sense. Meanings/senses are introduced in a
atively, so previously taught meanings/senses are included in
ulatively. For example, 'rico' is first taught as 'rich' (Term 1.2,
sty' (Term 3.1, Week 4).
Spanish English translation
de from, of
en in
unos (diez) about (10)
ser to be
a to, at
¿Qué* hay*? What’s happening? What’s the matter?
por* through, by, in, for, per
por* año* etc per year etc
para* for
a fines* de … at/to the end of …
tener to have, to own
tener que to have to do something
como* as, since
estar to be
más* (que) more (than)
este, el east
hace* (+ time) it’s been …
hacer* to do, to make
hacerse* to become
hay* there is, there are
hay* que one must, one has to
o/u or
pero but
decir* to say
es decir* in other words, that is to say
poder to be able, can
¡Qué va*! Come on! Rubbish! Nonsense!
ir* to go
ir* a + infinitive (to be) going to (do something)
irse to go away, to leave
si* if
ver to see
ya* (que) as, since
ya* no not any more
porque because
dado* que given that
dar* to give
dar* a to look onto
muy very
saber to know (a fact, how to do something)
Año* Nuevo*, el New Year
año*, el year
tener*…años* to be…years old
también also
¡Qué (+ noun)! What a …!
¡Qué* (+ adjective)! How …!
¿por* qué*? why?
¿qué?* what?
sin* without
mismo* same
a eso* de ... at about ...
por* eso* for that reason, therefore
cuando* when
querer* to want; to love
querer* decir* to mean
quisiera I’d like
a veces* sometimes
algunas veces* sometimes
de vez* en cuando* now and then, from time to time
otra vez* again
veces*, dos/tres etc twice, three times
vez*, una once
hasta* until
hasta* el (lunes) till/see you (Monday)
sobre* on, around
sobre*, el envelope
entre between
¿qué día*? what day?
día*, el day
así que so, therefore
¿Qué* pasa*? What’s happening? What’s the matter?
pasar* to happen, to go through, to spend (time)
pasar* to spend time; to go through; to pass
cosa, la thing
desde* since
desde* hace* since
deber* must, have to
deber* to owe
pues then, since
entonces then
llegar* to arrive
llegar* a ser* to become
pocas veces* seldom, a few times
poco (eg poco ruidoso) not very
poco*, un little
ni…ni neither … nor
al mismo* tiempo* at the same time
mucho* tiempo* a long time
tiempo*, el time
tiempo*, el weather
ahora now, nowadays
primero first
creer to believe
vida, la life
dejar to leave
dejar* de to stop (doing something)
de nada* you’re welcome/don’t mention it
nada* nothing
nada* más nothing else
por* lo tanto* therefore
tanto* … como* as much … as
parecer to seem
parecido a* like, similar to
parecerse a to look like
hablar to speak, talk
poner* to put
ponerse* to put on (clothes)
ponerse* a to start doing something
formar parte* to be part of
por una parte*/por otra parte on the one hand/on the other hand
de nuevo* again
nuevo* new
solo (sólo) only
siempre always
hombre, el man
bueno* good
seguir to continue, to follow
quedar* en to agree
quedarse* to stay
llevar* to take
llevar* (puesto) to wear
llevarse* bien/mal con to get on (well/badly) with someone
encontrar to find
encontrar(se) to meet with someone
encontrarse bien/mal to feel well/ill
encontrarse* to be situated
tan … como* as … as
pensar to think
casa (adosada), la house (semi-detached)
cada (...) días*/horas* every (…) days/hours
país, el country
volver to return
volver* a to do (something) again
volverse* to become
salir to go out
después (de) after, afterwards
mejor better, best
menos (que) less (than)
que viene* (el mes etc) next (month etc)
venir* to come
estar* en forma* to be fit
forma, la shape
mujer, la wife; woman
de momento at the moment, right now
llamarse* to be called
mundo, el world
¡Claro*! Of course!
claro light
claro* que of course
mirar to look
mientras* (que) while, meanwhile
mientras* tanto* meanwhile
conocer to know, be familiar with, get to know
aquí here
aunque although, (even) though
tomar* to have, to take
tomar* el sol to sunbathe
lo siento* I'm sorry
sentir(se)* to feel
gente, la people
¿cuándo? when?
durante during
hijo (único), el (single) child
hijos, los children
tratarse (de, con) to treat each other, to have dealings with
sino but, except
lugar, el place
tener* lugar* to take place
hacia towards
juntos together
hasta* luego* see you later
luego* then, afterwards
¿Cómo* está(s)*? How are you?
¿cómo?* how?
trabajo*, el work
mayor main, major, larger, bigger, greater
además moreover, besides
esperar to hope
esperar to wait
esperar to hope; to expect
nunca never
cierto certain, sure, true
¿a qué* hora*? at what time?
¿qué hora* es*? what time is it?
¿(a)dónde*? where?
¿de dónde?* where from?
¿por dónde*? through where?
esta noche* tonight
noche, la night
casi nearly
hoy today
¡Ojo! Watch out! Careful!
ojo, el eye
contar to count, to tell/recount
niño, el child
trabajar to work
empezar to begin
verdad, la truth
contra* against
estar en contra* to be against
ciudad, la city
buscar to look for
ahí there
solo alone
por* fin* at last
propio own
gobierno, el government
historia, la story
último last
punto dot, full stop
antes (de) before
palabra, la word
perder to lose
perder to lose; to miss
perderse to get lost
cuenta, la bill
darse* cuenta (de) to realise
allí over there
escribir to write
sin* embargo however
nadie nobody
entrar to go in, to enter
leer to read
recordar to remember
morir to die
único unique, only, single
lado, al _ (de) next to
lado, el side
por un lado*/por otro lado on the one hand/on the other hand
nombre, el name
recibir to receive
pedir* to order, ask for
permitir to allow
preguntar to ask a question
¿Qué* tal*? How are you? How’s …?
tal* vez* maybe, perhaps
segundo second
viejo old
siglo, el century
entender to understand
libro, el book
alto tall, high
cuerpo, el body
comenzar to begin
según according to
crear to create
tema, el topic, theme
pueblo, el village; people, nation
abrir to open
millón, un million
sentarse to sit down
caer(se) to fall down
terminar to finish
oír to listen, to hear
cambiar to change
ninguno none, no-one
Tierra, la Earth
español Spanish
español, el Spanish
dar igual* to be all the same, to make no difference
igual* que same as
todavía still, yet
derechos, los rights
derecho, el law (at university)
mantenerse en forma* to keep fit/in shape
reutilizar to reuse
utilizar to use
calle, la street
puerta, la door
dar* las gracias to thank
necesitados*, los needy people
necesitar* to need
luz, la light
a un paso* (de) a few steps away
paso*, el statue paraded at Easter
por* lo general generally
amor, el love
conseguir to get, to achieve
lograr to achieve
mes, el month
¿de quién*? whose?
¿quién*? who?
ocurrir to happen
ganar to win
ganar to earn
nivel, el level
fuera (de) outside
largo long
fin* de semana*, el weekend
semana*, la week
partido, el match
acabar de + infinitive to have just (done something)
explicar to explain
razón*, una reason
razón, la* reason
tener razón* to be right
tener* razón* to be right
bastante sufficient, enough, quite
servicios*, los toilets
allá over there
empresa, la company
centro*, el centre, down town
cambio*, el change, exchange
distinto different
número, el number
número, el number
tocar to play (an instrument), to touch
ayudar to help
mostrar to show
ley, la law
incluso even
cara, la face
principio, al beginning (at the)
traer to bring
campo*, el countryside, grounds
correr to run
comer to eat
estar de acuerdo* to agree
ponerse de acuerdo* to agree
demás, los other people
siguiente next, following
levantar la mano* to put your hand up
levantarse to get up
jugar to play
¿de qué* color*? what colour?
color, el colour
malo bad
buen*/mal* tiempo* good/bad weather
comprar to buy
camino, el path, route
dinero, el money
a pie on foot, walking
al final (de) at the end of
tampoco neither/not ... either ...
decidir to decide
desarrollo, el development
alcanzar to reach
equipo, el team; equipment
hasta* pronto* see you soon
pronto* soon
pronto* ready
pagar to pay
cumplir años* to have a birthday
mayoría, la most, majority
tarde, la afternoon, evening
papel*, el role
papel, el paper
medio* half
medio* (de), en (el) _ in the middle of
continuar to continue
rico* wealthy
rico* tasty
reconocer to recognise
al aire* libre* outdoors
hasta* mañana* see you tomorrow
mañana* tomorrow
mañana*, la morning
dormir(se) to sleep; to fall asleep
a pesar de in spite of, despite
pesar to weigh
seguro* safe, certain
seguro* de sí mismo* self-assured
vista, la view
juego, el game, fun, amusement
Juegos Olímpicos, los Olympic Games
videojuego, el video game
subir to go up
fondo, en el/al at the back, at the bottom
olvidar to forget
experiencia laboral, la work experience
incluido included
edad, la age
andar to walk
estar* bien* / mal* to be well/ill
mal badly
pasarlo* bien*/mal* to have a good/bad time
joven young
joven*, el young person
escuela, la school
nacer to be born
nacido born
aprender to learn
dedicar(se) to do, to go in for, to devote oneself
necesidad, la need
comprender to understand
fuerte strong
iglesia, la church
obtener to get, to obtain
falta, la* error
falta, la* lack
falta, la* mistake; absence
hace(n)* falta* to need, to be necessary
¿cuál(es)? which?
antiguo old
santo, el saint’s day
tercero third
espacio, el space
bajo* low, short
publicar to publish
población, la population
aspecto, el appearance, looks
muchacho, el lad
tarde late
cantidad, la quantity
tener* sueño to feel sleepy
posibilidad, la possibility
echar* to throw
echar* de menos to miss someone
próximo next
menor smaller, less, least
en/por* todas* partes* everywhere
todas (las semanas*) every (week)
todos (los días/meses) every (day/month)
libre* free; unoccupied
libre* available
tiempo* libre*, el free time
corazón, el heart
línea, la line
sitio, el place
sitio, el space, room
sitio, el place, site
mar, el sea
carrera*, la career; profession
carrera*, la race
bajar to go down
mercado, el market
respuesta, la answer
tener* miedo to be afraid
pobre poor
demasiado too, too much
evitar to avoid
río, el river
detener(se) to stop
pregunta, la question
ocupado engaged; occupied
ocuparse de to look after
caminar to walk
estar a favor* to be in favour of
por favor* please
¡Buen* viaje*! Have a good trip!
viaje*, el trip, journey
cerrar to close
comunidad, la community
faltar to be missing
faltar to be absent
mesa, la table
función, la show, performance
vender to sell
libertad, la liberty, freedom
peso, el weight
acordar to agree on
miembro, el member
sin* duda obviously, certainly
desear to wish
película, la film
militar, el serviceman, soldier
dentro (de) inside
dentro de (..) días/horas within (..) days/hours
compañero, el friend, mate
suelo, el floor
precio*, el price
verdadero 1
soler to regularly do something
elegir to choose
tener* dolor* (de) ... to have a pain (in) …
francés French
francés, el French
conocimientos, los knowledge
vale* ok
mundial global, world-wide
regresar to go back
interesar(se) to interest, to be interested in
matar to kill
compartir to share
¿cuánto* es*? how much is it?
¿cuánto* vale*(n)? how much does it/do they cost?
¿cuánto? how much?
¿cuántos …? how many?
¿cuántos* años* tiene(s)*? how old are you?
¿para/por* cuánto* tiempo*? for how long?
inglés English
inglés, el English
fácil easy
a partir de from
lengua, la language, tongue
mandar to send
dolor*, el pain, ache
director, el head teacher, principal
página, la page
atrás behind
esfuerzo, el effort
enfermedad, la illness
teatro, el theatre
construir to build
cama*, la bed
enseñar to teach
enseñar to show
salud, la health
ayer yesterday
cielo, el sky
norte, el north
entregar to hand in
carta, la menu
carta, la letter
colegio, el school
policía, el police officer
llorar to cry
calidad, la quality
jamás never
tamaño, el size
tamaño, el size
dirección, la address
dirección, la management
aumentar to increase
casarse to get married
prueba, la test, proof
cuarto*, un quarter
abierto open
desaparecer to disappear
objetivo, el aim, objective
sur, el south
medida, la measure
apoyar to support, to back, to help
contestar to answer
piel, la leather, skin
provocar to cause, to provoke
reírse to laugh
lleno full
tirar to throw (away)
guardar to save
hombre de negocios, el businessman
negocio, el business
arriba (de) above, on top (of)
peor worse, worst
vestirse to get dressed, to dress
enviar to send
parado unemployed
parar to stop
éxito, el success
naturaleza, la nature
preferir to prefer
cantar to sing
título, el university degree
europeo European
¡Buena suerte! Good luck!
tener* suerte* to be lucky
ventana, la window
jefe, el boss
ambiente*, el atmosphere
medio* ambiente*, el environment
romper to break
privado private
ciencias* económicas, las economics
ciencias*, las science
flor, la flower
duro* hard
valer* la pena to be worth the trouble
red social, la social network
red, la network, internet
árbol, el tree
cuidar to look after
informar(se) to find out
cortar to cut, to mow
¿qué fecha*? what date?
fecha*, la date
profundo deep, profound
alemán German
alemán, el German
salvar to save
extranjero* (en el _, al _) abroad
extranjero*, el foreigner
entrada, la ticket
entrada, la entrance
planta* baja*, la ground floor
planta*, la floor
planta*, la plant
recuerdo, el memory
recuerdo, el souvenir
¿cuánto* cuesta(n)*? how much does it/do they cost?
costar* to be difficult/hard
ciencia* ficción, la science fiction
pared, la wall
ayuda, la help
abajo (de) under, below
fiesta*, la party
fiesta*, la festival
metro, el underground
rato, el while, short time
oscuro dark
sombra, la shade, shadow
plaza*, la square
vivo vivid, bright
vivo alive
vecino, el neighbour
isla, la island
viento, el wind
cruzar to cross
a tiempo* completo* full time
artista, el artist
recoger to collect, to gather, to pick up
lejos (de) far (from)
a mitad* de precio* half price
mitad*, la half
sala* de fiestas, la dance hall, nightclub
sala* de profesores, la staffroom
par, un pair, couple
par, un pair, couple
apoyo, el help, support, backing
loco mad
mensaje (de texto), el text (message)
mejorar(se) to get better
serio serious, responsible
edificio building
carne, la meat
alumno, el pupil, student
oro, el gold
escritor, el writer
llamar* por teléfono to telephone
estado civil, el marital status
pelo, el hair
formación (profesional), la vocational training
centro* comercial, el shopping centre
riesgo*, el risk
sacar* (fotos*) to take photos
fuego, el fire
aprovechar to make the most
aprovecharse (de) to take advantage (of)
piso, el floor; flat
mucho gusto pleased to meet you
bonito pretty
medir to measure
pareja, la couple; partner
despertarse to wake up
grave serious
viajar to travel
vía, la track, lane
ejército, el army
comida, la meal, lunch
feliz* happy
plata, la silver
consejo, el advice
revista (digital), la (digital) magazine, (e-magazine)
trabajador hard working
trabajador, el worker
pasado* (adj) past
pasado* mañana* day after tomorrow
pasado*, el past
sorprendido surprised
disfrutar to enjoy
barrio, el neighbourhood
sentimiento, el feeling
reunión, la get-together
reunión, la meeting
cine, el cinema
grado, el degree
tener* ganas to feel like
madera, la wood
a menudo often
probar* to taste, to try
probar* to have a go; to try
probarse* to try on
marido, el husband
altura, la height
costumbre, la custom, way
estrella, la star
letra, la words (of song)
letra, la letter of the alphabet
sonreírse to smile
hermoso beautiful
advertir to warn
canción, la song
lluvia, la rain
tío, el uncle
tarea, la task/homework
conducir* to drive, to lead
coger to take, to catch
raro strange, rare
campaña, la campaign
usuario, el user
alimento, el foodstuff
jugador, el player
hacer* (frío*, calor* etc) to be (cold, hot etc)
tener* (calor*, frío*) to feel (hot, cold..)
periódico (digital), el (digital) newspaper
en directo live
ruido, el noise
venta, la sale
cerca (de) near
organizar to organise
corto* short
luchar to fight, to struggle
habitación, la room
olor, el smell
tranquilo peaceful, quiet
caja, la box
caja, la till
pedir* prestado to borrow
puerto, el port, harbour
sencillo simple, plain, straightforward
sencillo simple, easy
beber to drink
comercio, el business studies
comercio, el commerce, trade
premio, el prize
enfermo ill
violencia, la violence
muerto dead
proteger to protect
museo, el museum
máquina* (de fotos*), la camera
máquina*, la machine
durar to last
habitante, el inhabitant
verano, el summer
encima (de) above, on top, overhead
nota, la mark
sacar* buenas/malas notas to get good/bad marks
salida, la outing
salida, la exit
cama* de matrimonio*, la double bed
matrimonio*, el marriage, married couple
equilibrado balanced
participación, la participation, taking part
idioma, el language
ejercicio (físico), el (physical) exercise
culpa*, la fault, blame, guilt
echar* la culpa* to blame
beneficio, el benefit
peligro, el danger
seco dry
pasar* (la) lista to call the register
coche, el car
encargarse (de) to be in charge of
cerrado closed
encantador charming
encantar to delight
comienzo, el beginning, start
lectura, la reading
propósito, el aim, purpose, objective
propósito, el aim, purpose, objective
abogado, el lawyer, solicitor
hogar, el home
cocina, la cuisine, cooking
cocina, la cooker; kitchen
cocina, la food technology
quince días fortnight
relacionarse con to make contact with, to get on with (people)
británico British
espejo, el mirror
periodista, el journalist
género, el gender
aprobar to approve, to pass (an exam)
¡Que lo pase(s)* bien*! Have a good time!
cercano nearby
disco duro*, el hard drive
tener* hambre to be hungry
¡Basta* ya*! That’s enough!
bastar* to be enough
silla, la chair
ropa (de marca), la (designer) clothes
activo active
robar to steal
aparte de apart from
solicitar to apply
contribuir to contribute
compromiso, el engagement
cargar load
señal, la sign, signal
discutir to discuss
arreglar to tidy; to fix
daño, el harm, damage
daño to injure, to harm
club (de jóvenes* etc), el (youth) club
novio, el boyfriend
bailar to dance
llamada, la call
juventud, la youth, young people
derecho, (todo* _ ) straight ahead
despedir(se) to say goodbye
baño*, el bathroom; bath
cuarto de baño*, el bathroom
enseñanza, la teaching; education
vino (blanco/rosado/tinto), el (white/rosé/red) wine
golpear to hit
izquierda, a la _ on the left, to the left
temporada, la period, spell, season
debajo (de) under
los lunes etc Mondays etc
triste sad
belleza, la beauty
explicación, la explanation
molestar to bother
molestar to annoy, to bother
regla, la rule; ruler
barco, el boat
confianza, la trust
leche, la milk
avión, el airplane, aeroplane
ventaja, la advantage
ventaja, la advantage
estación* de servicio*, la service station
estación, la season
estar* de moda to be in fashion
moda, la fashion
cometer to commit
afuera (de) outside
afueras, las outskirts
en las afueras* in the outskirts
aumento, el increase
griego Greek
regalar to give a present
a diario daily, everyday
consumo, el consumption
devolver to return
agradecer to thank
encender to turn on (lights, TV etc)
contrato, el contract
educativo educational
bosque, el forest, woods
montar (a caballo, en bici*) to ride (horse/bike)
empleo, el job, employment
primo, el cousin
atrevido cheeky, insolent, bold, daring
prometer to promise, to show promise
montaña, la mountain
soldado, el soldier
playa, la beach
zapatos, los shoes
campo* de deportes*, el sports field
deporte*, el sport
deportes* de riesgo*, los adventure sports
fresco fresh
nube, la cloud
dudar to doubt
perdonar* to forgive
perdone sorry
justo just, fair
copa, la wine glass
copa, la cup, trophy
tienda* de ropa, la clothes shop
tienda*, la shop
tienda*, la tent
callar(se) to shut up
maravilloso marvellous
vivienda, la dwelling, housing, accommodation
preocupación, la worry, anxiety
esquina, la corner
escaso scarce, meagre
opinar to think, to give an opinion
instituto, el secondary school, institute
herramienta, la tool
grabar to record, to burn (a disk)
entrevista, la interview
tardar to take time
tardar to take time
lento slow
peligroso dangerous
derecha, a la _ on the right, to the right
saludar to greet, to say hello
“sin* techo”, los homeless people
temprano early
beso, el kiss
bolsa, la bag
aun (si*) even (if)
lejano far away, distant, remote
vacío empty
quinto fifth
besar to kiss
cerebro, el brain
comparar to compare
llegada, la arrival
pájaro, el bird
vaso, el glass
laboral working
biblioteca, la library
comportamiento, el behaviour
espectáculo, el show
selección, la team, side
doler to hurt
productos químicos, los chemicals
químico (adj) chemical
correo* electrónico, el email
correo*, el post
Correos* Post Office
prohibido forbidden
prohibir to forbid, to ban
increíble incredible
saludos regards, greetings
perspectiva, la prospects, outlook, future developments
confiar to trust
dolor* de oídos, el earache
conducta, la behaviour, conduct
compras*, las shopping
hacer* la(s) compra(s)* to do the shopping
colgar to put (photos on social media, etc.)
¡Felicidades*! Best wishes! Congratulations!
felicidad*, la happiness
mentira, la lie, untruth
clima, el climate
lavar to wash
anciano (very) old
anciano, el old person
gordo fat
sugerir to suggest
reloj, el watch
paisaje, el landscape, scenery
norteamericano North American
breve brief, short
habitación (doble/individual), la (single/double) room
equivocado wrong
estar* equivocado to make a mistake, to be wrong
vestido, el dress
cristal, el glass, crystal
parque* infantil, el playground
limpio clean
puente, el bridge
carretera, la highway
salón de actos, el hall, assembly room
salón, el lounge
dibujo, el drawing/art
perdón sorry
capa de ozono, la ozone layer
vuelo, el flight
pasear to go for a walk
delante (de) in front of
descansar to rest
nacimiento, el birth
inútil useless
respirar to breathe
en efectivo cash
acceder to access
empleado, el employee, worker
precioso precious, beautiful
humo, el smoke
apagar to turn off (lights, etc)
enamorado in love
enamorarse to fall in love
regreso, el return
obrero, el workman
escalera, la stairs
amenazar to threaten
motor, el engine
acostarse to go to bed
de repente suddenly
alrededor (de) around
plato (combinado), el (set) dish
caliente* hot
perrito caliente*, el hot dog
invierno, el winter
pantalón corto*, el shorts
cansado tired, tiring
instalaciones, las facilities
¡Cuidado! Careful! Watch out!
apreciar to appreciate
agencia (de viajes*), la travel agent’s
actuación, la performance, role
pintor, el painter, artist
archivo, el file
pantalla, la screen
llave, la key
sucio dirty
dulce sweet
gastar to spend money, to use (energy)
hacer* cola to queue
hacer* cola to queue
sentido del humor, el sense of humour
camisa, la shirt
muro, el wall
rueda, la wheel
testigo, el witness
aguantar to bear, to put up with
fumar to smoke
húmedo humid
vidrio, el glass
pelear(se) to fight
esposo, el husband, spouse
escoger to choose
ingeniero, el engineer (civil/mechanical)
pobreza, la poverty
quejarse to complain
cariño, el affection
débil weak
oler to smell
tarjeta* de crédito, la credit card
tarjeta*, la card, postcard
poco* sano not healthy
sano healthy, wholesome
regalo, el present, gift
castellano Castillian, Spanish spoken in Spain
huevo, el egg
agradable pleasant
cultivo, el crop
cita, la appointment
examen, el examination
azúcar, el (la) sugar
diseñar to design
fracaso, el failure
pedazo, el piece
bebé, el baby
taller, el workshop
petróleo, el oil
traducir to translate
baile, el dancing
detrás (de) behind
borrar to erase, delete
disponible available
deportivo sporty
grueso thick
gol, el goal
marcar (un gol) to score (a goal)
anuncio, el advert, announcement
encuesta, la poll, survey
alegre happy
tela, la fabric, material
con permiso* excuse me
permiso* de conducir*, el driving licence
permiso*, el permission
ancho wide
oreja, la ear
asiento, el seat
aceite, el oil
cantante, el singer
reserva, la reservation
divertir(se) to have a good time
divertirse to have a good time
dar* un paseo/una vuelta to go for a stroll/ride
paseo, el outing, stroll, walk
aprendizaje, el apprenticeship, training, learning
llover to rain
pista*, la track, court, run, slope, rink
lago, el lake
cigarrillo, el cigarette
repartir to deliver
repartir to hand out
barato cheap
caro expensive
cuarto fourth
latinoamericano Latin-American
concurso, el contest, competition
deberes, los homework
odiar to hate
calificado competent, skilled, qualified
cultivar to till, to grow, to cultivate
tener* sed to be thirsty
dibujar to draw
cómodo comfortable, convenient, handy
de lujo luxury
delgado slim, thin
comprometerse to get engaged
vela, la sail, sailing
estrecho narrow
alegrar to cheer up
alegrarse (de) to be happy about
sillón, el armchair
adolescente adolescent
adolescente, el teenager
a mano* derecha/izquierda on the right-/left-hand side
pelota, la ball
solucionar to solve, to resolve
dormitorio, el bedroom
fábrica, la factory
plaza* de toros, la bull ring
toro, el bull
cerveza, la beer
nieto, el grandchild
academia, la academy, school post-16 (for certain careers)
pasillo, el corridor
ejecutivo, el executive, officer
camión, el lorry
guía, el guide
agotar to exhaust, use up
bañarse to bathe, to swim
muebles, los furniture
borracho drunk
corregir to correct
suspender to fail (exam/subject)
evaluación, la assessment
combatir to fight, to combat
feo ugly
pálido pale
tonto silly
socio, el member
formal polite
oeste, el west
sueldo, el wages, salary
descanso, el rest, pause
preocupado worried, anxious
bandera, la flag
doblar to turn
divertido amusing, entertaining
redondo round
castigo, el punishment
boda, la wedding
castigar to punish
tener* prisa to be in a hurry
basura*, la rubbish, garbage
comida (basura*/rápida), la junk/fast food
correo* basura*, el spam
pintado painted
mentir to tell a lie
aeropuerto, el airport
beneficiar to benefit
optar to choose, to opt for
cena, la dinner
vendedor, el sales assistant
té, el tea
muñeca, la doll
estar* en huelga to be on strike
residencia (para* ancianos), la old people’s home
sierra, la mountain range
lección, la lesson
apellido, el last name
alimentación, la food, nourishment
estadio, el stadium
cansar(se) to get tired
torneo, el tournament
descargar to download
comprensión, la understanding
comedor, el dining room
cortina, la curtain
solicitud, la (job) application
grasa, la fat
ordenador, el computer
portátil, el (ordenador) laptop
aislado isolated
agua mineral (con/sin gas) (f), el (fizzy/still) mineral water
¡Felices vacaciones*! Have a good holiday!
estar* de vacaciones* to be on holiday
vacaciones*, las holidays
incendio, el fire
conductor, el driver
hielo*, el ice
hielo*, el ice
pista* de hielo, la ice rink
educado polite
expectativa, la hope, prospect
gratis/gratuito free (of charge)
barra (de pan), la (bread) loaf
tormenta, la storm
media* pensión half board
pensión completa full board
pensión, la boarding house
pelea, la fight
orgulloso proud
cuchillo, el knife
agujero, el hole
parientes, los relatives
amable kind
grabación, la recording
impresionante impressive, striking
despacho, el office
voluntario voluntary
voluntario, el volunteer
primavera, la spring
a mediados de … around the middle of …
falda, la skirt
sensible sensitive
intercambio*, el exchange
barba, la beard
aconsejar to advise
masculino masculine
selva, la jungle, tropical forest
cuero, el leather
de vaca beef
bebida, la drink
feria, la fair
trozo, el piece
campeón, el winner, champion
noticias, las news
pendientes, los earrings
seda, la silk
pasajero, el passenger
rubio blonde
combustible, el fuel
igualdad, la equality
en seguida/enseguida straightaway
servidor de seguridad*, el firewall
acoger to receive, to welcome
maduro mature
arroz, el rice
almuerzo, el lunch
genial brilliant, great
anoche last night
anillo, el ring
sobrino, el nephew
naranja, la orange
aviso, el warning, notice
lluvia ácida, la acid rain
ayuntamiento, el town hall
charlar to chat
aburrirse to get bored
grandes almacenes, los department store
agenda, la diary
billete (de ida/de ida y vuelta), el (single/return) ticket
billete, el banknote
atento attentive
saco de dormir*, el sleeping bag
helado, el ice cream
desagradable unpleasant
cuadrado square
rutina, la routine
roto broken
reservar to book, to reserve
cocinar to cook
estupendo fantastic, marvellous
entrenamiento, el training
cenar to have the evening meal
adorar to adore, to love
casco, el helmet
lata, la tin
periodismo, el journalism
robo, el theft, burglary
apropiado correct, appropriate
invitado, el guest
enfrente (de) opposite
campeonato, el championship
pulmones, los lungs
gerente, el manager
botas, las boots
juguete, el toy
ahorrar to save
nieve, la snow
queso, el cheese
manzana, la apple
ferrocarril, el railways
estable stable, steady, unchanged
entretenido entertaining, amusing
viajero, el traveller
fracasar to fail
callado quiet, reserved
pescar to fish
mediano medium
resumen, el summary
moreno dark (-haired, -skinned)
sello, el stamp
bachillerato, el school leaving exam/baccalaureate
aficionado, el fond of/keen on/enthusiast
ser* aficionado a to be very keen on/fond of (activity)
simpático kind, nice, pleasant
comerciante, el merchant, retailer, shop owner
navegar to surf
despacio slowly
enfermero, el nurse
droga (blanda/dura*), la (soft/hard) drug
fatal awful, fatal
ratón, el mouse
desayuno, el breakfast
estar* en paro* to be unemployed
paro*, el unemployment
injusto unjust, unfair
alfombra, la carpet
sexto sixth
pesca, la fishing
pescado, el fish
dañar to harm, to damage
a tiempo* parcial part time
parque* de atracciones, el fairground, funfair
queja, la complaint
obligatorio compulsory
aula (f), el schoolroom
saludable healthy
otoño, el autumn
triunfar to triumph, to succeed
libra (esterlina), la pound (sterling)
Navidad Christmas
cruce, el crossroads, intersection
corbata, la tie
terraza, la terrace
trama, la plot
asco, el disgust
actriz, la actress
pollo, el chicken
estar* situado to be situated
mudarse (de casa) to move house
horno, el oven
nadar to swim
sopa, la soup
algodón, el cotton
tentación, la temptation
encargado, el person in charge
vago idle, lazy
batería, la drums
arte dramático, el drama
librería, la bookcase
librería, la bookshop
ladrón, el thief
bicicleta/bici*, la bicycle, bike
lana, la wool
comportarse to behave
estación* (de autobuses/trenes), la (bus/coach/train) station
entrenar(se) to train
bigote, el moustache
esforzarse to make an effort
de cerdo pork
domicilio, el address, home
lápices de colores*, los colour pencils
mojar(se) to get wet
docena, una dozen
docena, una dozen
alquilado rented
alquilar to rent, to hire
cambio climático, el climate change
residuos, los refuse, waste, rubbish
niebla, la fog
abrigo, el coat
casado married
hervido boiled
gracioso funny
disfrazarse de to dress up as
disculpar(se) to apologise
diversión, la pastime, hobby, entertainment
aburrido boring, bored
útil useful
útil useful
prejuicio, el prejudice
espléndido fantastic, great, terrific
biología, la biology
todo* recto straight ahead
recepción, la reception
manta, la blanket
guantes, los gloves
petrolero, el oil tanker
almorzar to have lunch
disputa, la argument
química, la chemistry
talla, la size (clothes)
talla, la size (clothes)
asignatura, la school subject
pila, la battery
maleta, la suitcase
porvenir, el future
aldea, la village
paso* subterráneo, el underpass, subway
camiseta, la T-shirt
cartón, el carton
cartón, el cardboard
crema solar, la suncream
liso straight (hair)
cerámica, la pottery
guapo good-looking
salsa, la sauce
duro severe, harsh
sala* de espera, la waiting room
guión bajo*, el underscore
guión, el hyphen
sal, la salt
rosa/rosado pink
carpeta, la folder, file
retraso, el delay
estrés, el stress
trabajos* manuales, los handicrafts
multa, la fine
horas de trabajo* flexibles, las flexitime
repasar* to revise
anuncio (publicitario), el advert
verduras, las vegetables
primeros* auxilios, los first aid
reparto a domicilio, el home delivery
collar, el necklace
escasez, la shortage, want, lack
gasolina (sin plomo), la (unleaded) petrol
cariñoso affectionate, tender
animado* lively
dibujos animados*, los cartoons
hígado, el liver
ama de casa, el (f) housewife
bolso, el handbag
comisaría, la police station
bote, el jar
cinturón*, el belt
cinturón* de seguridad*, el seat belt
valiente brave, bold
portada, la homepage
torcer to turn
alquiler, el rent
ascensor, el lift, elevator
encantado pleased to meet you
postre, el dessert
alojarse to lodge, to stay
¡Bienvenido! Welcome!
ancho, el width
inundación, la flood
Mediterráneo, el Mediterranean Sea
irlandés Irish
torpe clumsy
navegador, el browser
excursión, la trip, excursion
relámpago, el lightning
maquillaje, el make-up
tranvía, el tram
desigualdad, la inequality
arruinar to ruin, to destroy
décimo tenth
marcador, el bookmark
frito fried
abuelo, el grandfather
tienda* solidaria, la charity shop
soltero single (not married)
ficha, la registration form
teclado, el keyboard
cancha* (de tenis etc), la court
apuntes, los notes
estar* harto de to be fed up of
documental, el documentary
concurrido busy, crowded
marea negra, la oil spill
apto suitable
cheque (de viaje*), el travellers’ cheque
a la plancha grilled
zapatillas de deporte*, las trainers
consigna, la left luggage office
respiratorio respiratory
bombero, el firefighter
bombero, el firefighter
relajarse to relax
inquietar(se) to worry, to upset oneself
armario, el wardrobe, cupboard
¡Enhorabuena! Congratulations!
¡Felicitaciones! Congratulations!
¡Socorro! Help!
acoso (escolar), el (school) bullying
afortunado lucky
aire* acondicionado, el air-conditioning
ajo, el garlic
albergue juvenil, el youth hostel
alojamiento, el accommodation
alpinismo, el mountain climbing
amistoso friendly
andén, el platform
antipático unpleasant
aparcamiento, el parking
aparcar to park
aprendiz, el apprentice
aseo, el bathroom, WC
atún, el tuna
ausente absent
autocar, el coach
autopista, la motorway
baloncesto, el basketball
bañador, el swimming costume
billar, el billiards
bistec, el steak
blusa, la blouse
bocadillo, el sandwich
bolera, la bowling alley
bolígrafo, el pen
buzón, el mail box
cajero, el bank-teller, cashier
calamares, los squid
calcetines, los socks
calefacción, la heating
caluroso hot, warm
calvo bald
camarero, el waiter
camping, el camp site; camping
caramelo, el boiled sweet
carnet* de conducir*, el driving licence
carnet* de identidad, el identity card
carnet*, el pass; card
carnicería, la butcher’s
carnicero, el butcher
casamiento, el wedding
castaño chestnut, brown
castañuelas, las castanets
cebolla, la onion
céntimo, el cent
césped, el lawn
chalet/chalé, el bungalow, house
champiñones, los mushrooms
chandal, el tracksuit
chicle, el chewing gum
chorizo, el sausage
chubasco, el shower
chuleta, la chop
churros, los fritters
cocinero, el cook
col, la cabbage
comprensivo understanding
contenedor, el container
corrida, la bullfight
crucero, el cruise
cuchara, la spoon
de cordero lamb
de ternera veal
decepcionado disappointed
decepcionante disappointing
decepcionar to disappoint
decepcionar to disappoint
dependiente, el shop assistant
deportes* acuáticos, los water sports
deportista sporty
deportista, el/la sports person
desayunar to have breakfast
descuento, el discount
desobediente disobedient
despejado clear (skies)
desventaja, la disadvantage
drogarse to take drugs
ducha, la shower
ducharse to have a shower
egoísta selfish
electricista, el electrician
emborracharse to get drunk
emocionante exciting, thrilling, moving
equipaje, el luggage
equitación, la horse riding
esquí, el skiing
esquiar to ski
estanco, el tobacconist’s
estante, el shelf
estantería, la shelves
estresante stressing, stressful
estuche, el pencil case
fastidiar to annoy, to bother
fastidiar to annoy, to bother
fenomenal great, fantastic
filete, el steak
flan, el crème caramel
folleto, el leaflet, pamphlet
fregadero, el kitchen sink
fresa, la strawberry
fumador (pasivo), el (passive) smoker
funcionar to work, to function
gafas, las glasses
galleta, la biscuit
gambas, las prawns
gazpacho, el cold soup
gimnasia, la gymnastics
gimnasio, el gymnasium
gorra, la cap
granja, la farm
guay cool
guía, la guidebook
guisantes, los peas
hablador talkative
heladería, la ice cream parlour
helar to freeze
hermanastro, el stepbrother
honrado honest
horroroso horrible
informática, la IT
inquietante worrying, disturbing
inseguro unsafe, uncertain
jamón (de york), el boiled ham
jamón serrano, el cured ham
jardinero, el gardener
joyería, la jeweller’s
jubilado retired
jubilado, el OAP, pensioner
jubilarse to retire
judías verdes, las string beans
juguetería, la toy shop
lavabo, el washbasin
lavadora, la washing machine
lavaplatos, el dishwasher
lechuga, la lettuce
legumbres, las vegetables, pulses
madrastra, la stepmother
maleducado rude
malgastar to waste, to misuse, to squander
malsano unhealthy
mantequilla, la butter
mariscos, los seafood
medioambiental environmental
mentiroso liar
merienda, la snack/picnic
mermelada, la jam
mezquita, la mosque
microondas, el microwave oven
mochila, la rucksack, school bag
monedero, el purse
monopatín, el skateboard
morado purple, violet
nata, la cream
natación, la swimming
nevar to snow
nevera, la fridge
(no) fumador (non) smoking
Nochebuena Christmas Eve
Nochevieja New Year's Eve
nublado/nuboso cloudy
obra benéfica, la charity
ocio, el free time, leisure
organización benéfica, la charitable organisation
padrastro, el stepfather
paga, la pocket money
panadería, la bakery
panadero, el baker
papel higiénico, el toilet paper
papelera, la wastepaper basket
papelería, la stationery shop
parada, la stop
parador, el state owned hotel (in Spain)
paraguas, el umbrella
parque* temático, el theme park
Pascua, la Easter
pastel, el cake, pie
pastelería, la pastry shop
patata, la potato
patinaje, el skating
patinar to skate
pecas, las freckles
pelirrojo red-haired
peluquería, la hairdresser’s
peluquero, el hairdresser
pera, la pear
perezoso lazy, idle
pescadería, la fish monger’s
picante spicy
pimienta, la pepper
pimiento, el green pepper
piña, la pineapple
pizarra interactiva, la smart board
plátano, el banana
policíaco police (adj)
polideportivo, el sports centre
postal, la postcard
preocupante worrying
pronóstico, el forecast
ración, la portion
rebajar to reduce (price; weight)
rebajas, las sales
recargable rechargeable
recibo, el receipt
reciclaje, el recycling
reciclar to recycle
recreo, el break, recess, playtime, recreation
recurso, el resource
renovable renewable
rizado curly
ruidoso noisy
sala* de chat, la chat room
salado salty
salchicha, la sausage
salchichón, el salami
sida, el AIDS
sobresaliente outstanding
sudamericano South American
tapas, las nibbles, bar snacks
taquilla, la box office
taquilla, la ticket office
telenovela, la soap opera
teletrabajo*, el work from home
templado mild, temperate
tenedor, el fork
tienda* con fines* benéficos, la charity shop
tienda* de comestibles, la grocery store
tomar* un año libre*/sabático to take a gap year
torero, el bullfighter
tormentoso stormy
tortilla, la omelette
tostada, la toast
traductor, el translator
travieso naughty, mischievous
trimestre, el (school) term, three month period
trueno, el thunder
uvas, las grapes
vaqueros, los jeans
vestuarios, los changing rooms
veterinario, el veterinary surgeon
zanahoria, la carrot
zapatería, la shoe shop
zona peatonal, la pedestrian zone/area
zumo (de fruta), el (fruit) juice
noveno ninth
octavo eighth
séptimo seventh
abanico, el fan
adjuntar to attach
aduana, la customs
albañil, el brick-layer, building worker
apetecer to fancy, to feel like
apodo, el nickname
asado roast(ed)
asqueroso disgusting
ataque cardíaco, el heart attack
atasco, el traffic jam
avaro mean, miserly
avería, la breakdown, fault
averiado broken down
azafata, la flight attendant
bacalao, el cod
banda sonora, la soundtrack
barrera generacional, la generation gap
bonobús, el bus pass
botellón, el drinking party in the street
broncearse to get a tan
bufanda, la scarf
buscador, el search engine
butaca, la armchair
calentamiento global, el global warming
camionero, el lorry driver
camisón, el nightgown
carpintero, el joiner, carpenter
cartero, el postman
cazadora, la (leather) jacket
celoso jealous
cobarde coward
contable, el accountant
contraseña, la password
cortés polite
cuidadoso careful
desactivar to block (screen)
desechos, los rubbish, waste
desperdicio, el waste, rubbish, squandering
disfraz, el fancy dress
DNI ID card
efecto invernadero, el greenhouse effect
electrodomésticos, los (electrical) appliances
ensuciar to make dirty, to soil, to make a mess
envase, el wrapping, packaging; container
estropear to ruin, to spoil
gamberro, el hooligan, lout, troublemaker
gases de escape, los exhaust fumes
gaucho, el cowboy
gemelo, el twin
glotón greedy
granjero, el farmer
hacer transbordo to change, to transfer
huérfano, el orphan
huracán, el hurricane
inalámbrico wireless
insolación, la sunstroke
internauta, el Internet user
intimidación, la bullying
maltratar to mistreat, abuse
maltrato, el mistreatment, abuse
mariachi, el Mexican musician
medias, las stockings
melocotón, el peach
merendar to have a snack/picnic
merluza, la hake
moqueta, la fitted carpet
nocivo harmful
nuez, la nut, walnut
ONG, la NGO (non-governmental organisation)
optativo optional
panty, el tights
persianas, las shutters, venetian blinds
piragüismo, el canoeing
porro, el joint
propina, la tip
rebeca, la cardigan
reembolso, el refund
rellenar to fill in
reproductor, el widget
sabroso tasty
semáforo, el traffic lights
sequía, la drought
seropositivo HIV positive
síndrome de abstinencia, el withdrawal symptoms
sobrepeso, el overweight, obesity
sombrilla, la sunshade, parasol
sótano, el basement, cellar
sudadera, la sweatshirt
surtido, el range, supply, stock
tabaquismo, el addiction to tobacco
tijeras, las scissors
vertedero, el rubbish dump, tip
vestíbulo, el entrance hall, lobby, foyer
villancico, el Christmas carol
viudo, el widower
¿De veras? Really?
1°/primero* (2°, 3° etc) 1st (2nd, 3rd etc)
1ª/primera (2ª, 3ª etc) 1st (2nd, 3rd etc)
Alemania Germany
arroba @
Avda (avenida) avenue
AVE, el high-speed train
c/ (calle) street
Canarias, las Islas Canary Islands
Día de Reyes, el Epiphany, 6 January
día festivo, el public holiday
Día* de los Muertos*, el All Souls’ Day
Dr (doctor) Dr
Dra (doctora) Dr
EEUU (Estados Unidos) USA
escocés Scot, Scottish
Escocia Scotland
España Spain
Estados Unidos, los United States
Europa Europe
Francia France
Gales Wales
galés Welsh
Gran Bretaña Great Britain
Grecia Greece
Inglaterra England
Irlanda Ireland
IVA VAT
Londres London
Papá Noel Father Christmas
puntocom .com
Renfe/RENFE Spanish railways
Reyes Magos, los the Three Kings
Semana* Santa, la Easter week
Sr (señor) Mr
Sra (señora) Mrs
Srta (señorita) Miss
Sta (santa) St
Tomatina, la tomato throwing festival
Día de los Inocentes 28 December (equivalent of April Fools' Day
fecha* patria, la national day to commemorate historic event
Frequency ranking Number only sort column Tier
2 2 F&H
5 5 F&H
6 6 F&H
7 7 F&H
8 8 F&H
13 [haber] 13 F&H
15 15 F&H
15 15 F&H
16 16 F&H
18 [fin] 18 F&H
19 19 F&H
19 19 F&H
20 20 F&H
21 21 F&H
23 [más] 23 F&H
24 24 F&H
26 [hacer] 26 F&H
26 26 F&H
26 [hacer] 26 F&H
26 [haber] 26 F&H
26 [haber] 26 F&H
29 29 F&H
30 30 F&H
31 31 F&H
31 [decir] 31 F&H
32 32 F&H
33 [ir] 33 F&H
33 33 F&H
33 33 F&H
33 [ir] 33 F&H
36 36 F&H
38 38 F&H
39 39 F&H
39 39 F&H
40 40 F&H
42 [dar] 42 F&H
42 42 F&H
42 42 F&H
43 43 F&H
44 44 F&H
46 46 F&H
46 46 F&H
19 [tener] 46 [año] 46 F&H
49 49 F&H
50 [qué] 50 F&H
50 50 F&H
15 [por] 50 [qué] 50 F&H
50 50 F&H
54 54 F&H
55 55 F&H
56 [eso] 56 F&H
15 [por] 56 [eso] 56 F&H
57 57 F&H
58 58 F&H
58 [querer] 31 [decir] 58 F&H
58 [querer] 58 F&H
59 59 F&H
51 [alguno] 59 [vez] 59 F&H
2 [de] 59 [vez] 5 [en] 57 [cuando] 59 F&H
35 [otro] 59 [vez] 59 F&H
59 [vez] 59 F&H
59 59 F&H
60 60 F&H
60 [hasta] 60 F&H
62 62 F&H
62 62 F&H
63 63 F&H
50 [qué] 65 [día] 65 F&H
65 65 F&H
67 [así] 67 F&H
68 [pasar] 68 F&H
68 68 F&H
68 68 F&H
69 69 F&H
70 70 F&H
70 [desde] 26 [hacer] 70 F&H
71 71 F&H
71 71 F&H
73 73 F&H
74 74 F&H
75 75 F&H
75 75 F&H
76 [poco] 59 [vez] 76 F&H
76 76 F&H
76 76 F&H
79 79 F&H
55 [mismo] 80 [tiempo] 80 F&H
41 [mucho] 80 [tiempo] 80 F&H
80 80 F&H
80 80 F&H
81 81 F&H
82 82 F&H
83 83 F&H
85 85 F&H
86 86 F&H
86 86 F&H
87 [nada] 87 F&H
87 87 F&H
87 [nada] 23 [más] 87 F&H
15 [por] 88 [tanto] 88 F&H
88 [tanto] 20 [como] 88 F&H
89 89 F&H
89 [parecer] 89 F&H
89 [parecer] 89 H only
90 90 F&H
91 91 F&H
91 91 F&H
91 [poner] 91 F&H
92 92 F&H
15 [por] otro [35] 92 [parte] 92 F&H
2 [de] 94 [nuevo] 94 F&H
94 94 F&H
95 95 F&H
96 96 F&H
97 97 F&H
98 98 F&H
99 99 F&H
100 [quedar] 5 [en] 100 F&H
100 [quedar] 100 F&H
101 101 F&H
101 101 F&H
101 [llevar] 101 F&H
102 102 F&H
102 [encontrar] 102 F&H
102 [encontrar] 102 F&H
102 [encontrar] 102 F&H
104 [tan] 20 [como] 104 F&H
105 105 F&H
106 106 F&H
107 [cada] 107 F&H
109 109 F&H
112 112 F&H
112 112 F&H
112 [volver] 112 F&H
114 114 F&H
115 115 F&H
116 116 F&H
117 [menos] 117 F&H
118 [venir] 118 F&H
118 118 F&H
21 [estar] 5 [en] 119 [forma] 119 F&H
119 119 F&H
120 120 F&H
121 121 F&H
122 [llamar] 122 F&H
123 123 F&H
124 124 F&H
124 124 F&H
124 [claro] 124 F&H
125 125 F&H
127 [mientras] 127 F&H
127 [mientras] 88 [tanto] 127 F&H
128 128 F&H
130 130 F&H
131 131 F&H
133 133 F&H
133 133 F&H
136 [sentir] 136 F&H
136 [sentir] 136 F&H
137 137 F&H
138 138 F&H
139 139 F&H
140 140 F&H
140 140 F&H
141 [tratar] 141 H only
143 143 F&H
144 144 F&H
19 [tener] 144 [lugar] 144 F&H
146 146 F&H
149 149 F&H
60 [hasta] 150 [luego] 150 F&H
150 150 F&H
151 [cómo] 21 [estar] 151 F&H
151 151 F&H
152 152 F&H
154 154 F&H
155 155 F&H
157 157 F&H
157 157 F&H
157 157 F&H
158 158 F&H
159 159 F&H
50 [qué] 160 [hora] 160 F&H
50 [qué] 160 [hora] 160 F&H
161 [dónde] 161 F&H
161 [dónde] 161 F&H
15 [por] 161 [dónde] 161 F&H
24 [este/a] 164 [noche] 164 F&H
164 164 F&H
166 166 F&H
167 167 F&H
169 169 F&H
169 169 F&H
172 172 F&H
173 173 F&H
174 174 F&H
175 175 F&H
176 176 F&H
177 177 F&H
21 [estar] 5 [en] 177 [contra] 177 F&H
178 178 F&H
179 179 F&H
180 180 F&H
181 181 F&H
15 [por] 182 [fin] 182 F&H
183 183 F&H
185 185 F&H
186 186 F&H
188 188 F&H
189 189 F&H
190 [antes] 190 F&H
192 192 F&H
195 195 F&H
195 195 F&H
195 [perder] 195 F&H
196 196 F&H
42 [dar] 196 [cuenta] 196 F&H
197 197 F&H
198 198 F&H
54 [sin] 204 [embargo] 204 F&H
206 206 F&H
207 207 F&H
209 209 F&H
211 211 F&H
212 212 F&H
213 213 F&H
214 214 F&H
214 214 F&H
15 [por] otro [35] 214 [lado] 214 F&H
215 215 F&H
216 216 F&H
217 217 F&H
218 218 F&H
219 219 F&H
222 222 F&H
222 [tal] 59 [vez] 222 F&H
223 223 F&H
225 225 F&H
227 227 F&H
229 229 F&H
230 230 F&H
231 231 F&H
232 232 F&H
234 234 F&H
237 237 F&H
239 239 F&H
240 240 F&H
244 244 F&H
246 246 F&H
248 248 F&H
249 [sentar] 249 F&H
251 [caer] 251 F&H
253 253 F&H
254 254 F&H
255 255 F&H
256 256 F&H
259 259 F&H
262 262 F&H
262 262 F&H
42 [dar] 263 [igual] 263 F&H
263 [igual] 263 F&H
264 264 F&H
266 266 F&H
266 266 H only
267 [mantener] 5 [en] 119 [forma] 267 F&H
268 268 F&H
268 268 F&H
269 269 F&H
274 274 F&H
42 [dar] 275 [gracias] 275 F&H
276 [necesitar] 276 F&H
276 276 F&H
278 278 F&H
279 [paso] 279 F&H
279 279 H only
15 [por] 10 [lo] 280 [general] 280 F&H
283 283 F&H
286 286 F&H
287 287 H only
288 288 F&H
289 [quién] 289 F&H
289 289 F&H
291 291 F&H
295 295 F&H
295 295 F&H
297 297 F&H
299 299 F&H
300 300 F&H
301 [fin] 182 [semana] 301 F&H
301 301 F&H
302 302 F&H
303 303 F&H
304 304 F&H
306 306 F&H
306 306 F&H
19 [tener] 306 [razón] 306 F&H
19 [tener] 306 [razón] 306 F&H
308 308 F&H
310 310 F&H
314 314 F&H
315 315 F&H
316 316 F&H
319 319 F&H
321 321 F&H
324 324 F&H
324 324 F&H
327 327 F&H
328 328 F&H
330 330 F&H
334 334 F&H
336 336 F&H
337 337 F&H
338 338 F&H
341 341 F&H
342 342 F&H
343 343 F&H
347 347 F&H
21 [estar] 348 [acuerdo] 348 F&H
91 [poner] 348 [acuerdo] 348 F&H
349 349 H only
350 350 F&H
354 [levantar] 135 [mano] 354 F&H
354 [levantar] 354 F&H
356 356 F&H
50 [qué] 358 [color] 358 F&H
358 358 F&H
360 360 F&H
104 [bueno] 361[malo] 80 [tiempo] 361 F&H
361 361 F&H
363 363 F&H
364 364 F&H
365 365 F&H
366 [final] 366 F&H
367 367 F&H
368 368 F&H
369 369 F&H
371 371 F&H
373 373 F&H
60 [hasta] 376 [pronto] 376 F&H
376 376 F&H
376 376 F&H
377 377 F&H
385 [cumplir] 46 [año] 385 F&H
389 389 F&H
392 392 F&H
393 393 F&H
393 393 F&H
395 395 F&H
395 395 F&H
396 396 F&H
398 398 F&H
398 398 F&H
400 400 F&H
401 401 F&H
60 [hasta] 402 [mañana] 402 F&H
402 402 F&H
402 402 F&H
403 [dormir] 403 F&H
8 [a] 405 [pesar] 2 [de] 405 F&H
405 405 F&H
407 407 F&H
407 [seguro] 45 [sí] 55 [mismo] 407 H only
408 408 F&H
409 409 F&H
409 409 F&H
409 409 F&H
410 410 F&H
413 413 F&H
415 415 F&H
416 416 F&H
417 417 F&H
419 419 F&H
420 420 F&H
21 [estar] 78 [bien] 422 [mal] 422 F&H
422 422 F&H
68 [pasar] 78 [bien] 422 [mal] 422 F&H
423 423 F&H
423 423 F&H
424 424 F&H
426 426 F&H
426 [nacer] 426 F&H
428 428 F&H
430 430 H only
431 431 F&H
434 434 F&H
435 435 F&H
437 437 F&H
439 439 F&H
441 441 F&H
441 441 F&H
441 441 F&H
26 [hacer] 441 [falta] 441 F&H
445 445 F&H
446 446 F&H
448 448 F&H
450 450 F&H
451 451 F&H
452 452 F&H
453 453 F&H
454 454 F&H
455 455 F&H
456 456 H only
457 457 F&H
459 459 F&H
19 [tener] 460 [sueño] 460 F&H
461 461 F&H
462 462 F&H
462 [echar] 2 [de] 117 [menos] 462 F&H
466 466 F&H
468 468 F&H
15 [por] 472 [todo] 92 [parte] 472 F&H
472 [todo] 301 [semana] 472 F&H
472 [todo] 65 [día] 288 [mes] 472 F&H
473 473 F&H
473 473 F&H
80 [tiempo] 473 [libre] 473 F&H
475 475 F&H
476 476 F&H
477 477 F&H
477 477 F&H
477 477 F&H
480 480 F&H
481 481 F&H
481 481 F&H
484 484 F&H
487 487 F&H
488 488 F&H
19 [tener] 491 [miedo] 491 F&H
492 492 F&H
494 494 F&H
495 495 F&H
496 496 F&H
503 503 H only
507 507 F&H
508 508 F&H
508 [ocupar] 508 H only
514 514 F&H
21 [estar] 516 [favor] 516 F&H
15 [por] 516 [favor] 516 F&H
519 [viaje] 519 F&H
519 519 F&H
521 521 F&H
523 523 H only
524 524 F&H
524 524 F&H
525 525 F&H
527 527 H only
528 528 F&H
530 530 F&H
532 532 F&H
535 535 H only
540 540 F&H
54 [sin] 541 [duda] 541 F&H
542 542 F&H
543 543 F&H
547 547 F&H
548 548 F&H
548 [dentro] 548 F&H
551 551 F&H
552 552 F&H
557 557 F&H
558 558 F&H
559 559 F&H
561 561 F&H
19 [tener] 561 [dolor] 561 F&H
562 562 F&H
562 562 F&H
565 565 F&H
571 [valer] 571 F&H
572 572 F&H
573 573 F&H
575 [interesar] 575 F&H
576 576 F&H
579 579 F&H
580 [cuánto] 7 [ser] 580 F&H
580 [cuánto] 571 [valer] 580 F&H
580 580 F&H
580 580 F&H
580 [cuánto] 46 [año] 19 [tener] 580 F&H
15 [por] 580 [cuánto] 80 [tiempo] 580 F&H
583 583 F&H
583 583 F&H
584 584 F&H
585 [partir] 585 F&H
586 586 F&H
588 588 F&H
591 591 F&H
592 592 F&H
598 598 F&H
599 599 F&H
601 601 H only
604 604 F&H
605 605 F&H
608 608 F&H
609 609 F&H
610 610 F&H
610 610 F&H
613 613 F&H
617 617 F&H
620 620 F&H
624 624 F&H
626 626 H only
627 627 F&H
627 627 F&H
628 628 F&H
629 629 F&H
630 630 H only
637 637 F&H
639 639 F&H
642 642 F&H
642 642 F&H
646 646 F&H
646 646 F&H
647 647 F&H
650 [casar] 650 F&H
651 651 F&H
653 653 F&H
654 654 F&H
655 655 F&H
657 657 F&H
661 661 F&H
663 663 F&H
666 666 H only
669 669 F&H
670 670 F&H
671 671 H only
683 [reír] 683 F&H
684 684 F&H
685 685 F&H
687 687 F&H
97 [hombre] 688 [negocio] 688 F&H
688 688 H only
690 [arriba] 690 F&H
694 694 F&H
701 [vestir] 701 F&H
704 704 F&H
706 706 F&H
706 706 F&H
708 708 F&H
712 712 F&H
713 713 F&H
717 717 F&H
720 720 F&H
721 721 F&H
723 [suerte] 723 F&H
19 [tener] 723 [suerte] 723 F&H
725 725 F&H
726 726 F&H
729 729 F&H
395 [medio] 729 [ambiente] 729 F&H
733 733 F&H
737 737 F&H
738 [ciencia] 312 [económica] 738 F&H
738 738 F&H
739 739 F&H
741 741 F&H
571 [valer] 743 [pena] 743 F&H
744 744 F&H
744 744 F&H
748 748 F&H
751 751 F&H
752 [informar] 752 F&H
755 755 F&H
50 [qué] 756 [fecha] 756 F&H
756 756 F&H
758 758 F&H
761 761 F&H
761 761 F&H
763 763 F&H
765 765 F&H
765 765 F&H
767 767 F&H
767 767 F&H
768 [planta] 452 [bajo] 768 F&H
768 768 F&H
768 768 F&H
771 771 F&H
771 771 F&H
580 [cuánto] 775 [costar] 775 F&H
775 775 F&H
738 [ciencia] 777 [ficción] 777 F&H
778 778 F&H
784 784 F&H
788 [abajo] 788 F&H
796 796 F&H
796 796 F&H
798 798 F&H
800 800 F&H
802 802 F&H
803 803 F&H
806 806 F&H
807 807 F&H
807 807 F&H
808 808 F&H
810 810 F&H
814 814 F&H
815 815 F&H
80 [tiempo] 816 [completo] 816 F&H
817 817 F&H
828 828 F&H
833 833 F&H
834 [mitad] 557 [precio] 834 F&H
834 834 F&H
841 [sala] 796 [fiesta] 841 F&H
841 [sala] 501 [profesor] 841 F&H
843 843 F&H
843 843 F&H
844 844 H only
846 846 F&H
847 847 F&H
855 [mejorar] 855 F&H
856 856 F&H
857 857 F&H
860 860 F&H
862 862 F&H
863 863 F&H
864 864 F&H
122 [llamar] 15 [por] 866 [teléfono] 866 F&H
271 [estado] 872 [civil] 872 H only
873 873 F&H
874 [formación] 682 [profesional] 874 H only
316 [centro] 876 [comercial] 876 F&H
877 877 F&H
273 [sacar] 882 [foto] 882 F&H
884 884 F&H
885 885 F&H
885 [aprovechar] 885 F&H
889 889 F&H
41 [mucho] 890 [gusto] 890 F&H
891 891 F&H
892 892 F&H
893 893 H only
894 [despertar] 894 F&H
901 901 F&H
902 902 F&H
904 904 F&H
905 905 H only
906 906 F&H
908 908 F&H
910 910 F&H
914 914 F&H
920 920 F&H
924 924 F&H
924 924 F&H
932 932 F&H
932 [pasado] 402 [mañana] 932 F&H
932* 932 F&H
936 [sorprender] 936 F&H
939 939 F&H
940 940 F&H
941 941 F&H
947 947 F&H
947 947 F&H
952 952 F&H
954 954 F&H
19 [tener] 955 [ganas] 955 F&H
957 957 F&H
8 [a] 958 [menudo] 958 F&H
959 959 F&H
959 959 F&H
959 959 H only
965 965 F&H
970 970 F&H
972 972 F&H
974 974 F&H
977 977 F&H
977 977 F&H
978 978 F&H
980 980 F&H
981 981 H only
982 982 F&H
986 986 F&H
988 988 F&H
995 995 F&H
998 998 F&H
1001 1001 F&H
1005 1005 F&H
1011 1011 F&H
1015 1015 H only
1018 1018 F&H
1019 1019 F&H
26 [hacer] 1020 [frío] 945 [calor] 1020 F&H
19 [tener] 945 [calor] 1020 [frío] 1020 F&H
1026 1026 F&H
5 [en] 1029 [directo] 1029 F&H
1034 1034 F&H
1039 1039 F&H
1042 1042 F&H
1053 1053 F&H
1055 1055 F&H
1063 1063 F&H
1069 1069 F&H
1070 1070 F&H
1073 1073 F&H
1074 1074 F&H
1074 1074 F&H
217 [pedir] 1075 [prestar] 1075 H only
1077 1077 F&H
1084 1084 F&H
1084 1084 F&H
1085 1085 F&H
1088 1088 F&H
1088 1088 F&H
1090 1090 H only
1092 1092 F&H
1100 1100 F&H
1103 1103 F&H
1107 1107 F&H
1114 1114 F&H
1117 [máquina] 882 [foto] 1117 F&H
1117 1117 F&H
1118 1118 F&H
1121 1121 F&H
1139 1139 F&H
1140 1140 F&H
1141 1141 F&H
273 [sacar] 1141 [nota] 1141 F&H
1143 1143 F&H
1143 1143 F&H
609 [cama] 1151 [matrimonio] 1151 F&H
1151 1151 F&H
1157 1157 F&H
1158 1158 F&H
1159 1159 F&H
1162 [ejercicio] 702 [físico] 1162 F&H
1164 1164 F&H
462 [echar] 1164 [culpa] 1164 H only
1169 1169 H only
1170 1170 F&H
1183 1183 F&H
68 [pasar] 1189 [lista] 1189 F&H
1190 1190 F&H
1198 [encargar] 1198 H only
1201 1201 F&H
1202 [encantar] 1202 F&H
1202 1202 F&H
1206 1206 F&H
1207 1207 H only
1210 1210 F&H
1210 1210 F&H
1211 1211 H only
1213 1213 H only
1214 1214 F&H
1214 1214 F&H
1214 1214 F&H
1215 [quince] 65 [día] 1215 F&H
1224 [relacionar] 1224 H only
1227 1227 F&H
1232 1232 H only
1235 1235 F&H
1238 1238 H only
1248 1248 F&H
68 [pasar] 1251 [bien] 1251 F&H
1260 1260 F&H
1261 1261 F&H
19 [tener] 1262 [hambre] 1262 F&H
1268 [bastar] 1268 F&H
1268 1268 F&H
1271 1271 F&H
782 [ropa] 1276 [marca] 1276 F&H
1278 1278 F&H
1279 1279 F&H
1290 1290 F&H
1292 1292 H only
1294 1294 F&H
1299 1299 H only
1303 1303 F&H
1307 1307 F&H
1310 1310 F&H
1314 1314 F&H
1319 1319 F&H
1319 1319 H only
1320 [club] 423 [jóven] 1320 F&H
1322 1322 F&H
1323 1323 F&H
1324 1324 F&H
1327 1327 F&H
1334 1334 F&H
1337 [despedir] 1337 H only
1340 1340 F&H
653 [cuarto] 1340 [baño] 1340 F&H
1341 1341 H only
1344 1344 F&H
1351 1351 H only
1352 1352 F&H
1356 1356 F&H
1366 [debajo] 1366 F&H
1370 1370 F&H
1371 1371 F&H
1372 1372 F&H
1373 1373 F&H
1377 1377 F&H
1377 1377 F&H
1380 1380 F&H
1384 1384 F&H
1390 1390 H only
1397 1397 F&H
1399 1399 F&H
1401 1401 F&H
1401 1401 F&H
1404 [estación] 310 [servicio] 1404 F&H
1404 1404 F&H
21 [estar] 2 [de] 1406 [moda] 1406 F&H
1406 1406 F&H
1409 1409 H only
1413 1413 F&H
1413 1413 F&H
1413 1413 F&H
1414 1414 H only
1417 1417 F&H
1420 1420 F&H
1422 1422 F&H
1424 1424 H only
1427 1427 F&H
1428 1428 H only
1431 1431 F&H
1432 1432 F&H
1436 1436 F&H
1444 1444 F&H
1446 1446 F&H
1447 1447 F&H
1451 1451 F&H
1455 1455 H only
1461 1461 F&H
1464 1464 F&H
1473 1473 F&H
1475 1475 F&H
1477 1477 F&H
342 [campo] 1489 [deporte] 1489 F&H
1489 1489 F&H
1489 [deporte] 877 [riesgo] 1489 H only
1494 1494 F&H
1499 1499 F&H
1500 1500 F&H
1506 1506 F&H
1506 1506 F&H
1511 1511 F&H
1514 1514 F&H
1514 1514 F&H
1515 [tienda] 782 [ropa] 1515 F&H
1515 1515 F&H
1515 1515 F&H
1524 [callar] 1524 F&H
1526 1526 F&H
1527 1527 H only
1531 1531 F&H
1536 1536 H only
1544 1544 F&H
1547 1547 F&H
1558 1558 F&H
1559 1559 H only
1560 1560 F&H
1563 1563 F&H
1564 1564 F&H
1564 1564 F&H
1569 1569 F&H
1572 1572 F&H
1573 1573 F&H
1575 1575 F&H
54 [sin] 1576 [techo] 1576 H only
1578 1578 F&H
1580 1580 F&H
1581 1581 F&H
1583 [aun] 36 [si] 1583 F&H
1584 1584 F&H
1585 1585 F&H
1586 1586 F&H
1591 1591 F&H
1593 1593 H only
1597 1597 F&H
1604 1604 F&H
1607 1607 F&H
1609 1609 F&H
1610 1610 F&H
1612 1612 F&H
1616 1616 F&H
1622 1622 F&H
1623 1623 H only
1629 1629 F&H
394 [producto] 1635 [químico] 1635 F&H
1635 1635 F&H
1638 [correo] 1619 [electrónico] 1638 F&H
1638 1638 F&H
1638 1638 F&H
1641 [prohibir] 1641 F&H
1641 1641 F&H
1642 1642 F&H
1646 1646 F&H
1651 1651 H only
1655 1655 H only
591 [dolor] 1659 [oído] 1659 H only
1660 1660 F&H
1662 1662 F&H
26 [hacer] 1662 [compra] 1662 F&H
1669 1669 F&H
1671 [felicidad] 1671 F&H
1671 1671 F&H
1673 1673 F&H
1675 1675 F&H
1676 1676 F&H
1677 1677 F&H
1677 1677 F&H
1679 1679 F&H
1680 1680 F&H
1683 1683 F&H
1685 1685 H only
1686 1686 F&H
1691 1691 F&H
1069 [habitación] 1286 [doble] 1692 [individual] 1692 F&H
1694 [equivocar] 1694 F&H
21 [estar] 1694 [equivocar] 1694 F&H
1697 1697 F&H
1701 1701 F&H
1354 [parque] 1706 [infantil] 1706 F&H
1710 1710 F&H
1715 1715 F&H
1718 1718 F&H
1722 [salón] 673 [acto] 1722 F&H
1722 1722 F&H
1726 1726 F&H
1729 1729 F&H
1738 1738 H only
1739 1739 F&H
1741 1741 F&H
1742 1742 F&H
1749 1749 F&H
1750 1750 F&H
1753 1753 F&H
1758 1758 F&H
5 [en] 1765 [efectivo] 1765 H only
1768 1768 F&H
1770 1770 F&H
1776 1776 F&H
1779 1779 F&H
1780 1780 H only
1783 [enamorar] 1783 F&H
1783 [enamorar] 1783 F&H
1786 1786 F&H
1788 1788 F&H
1789 1789 F&H
1796 1796 H only
1797 1797 H only
1798 [acostar] 1798 F&H
1805 [repente] 1805 F&H
1807 1807 F&H
1808 1808 F&H
1810 1810 F&H
888 [perro] 1810 [caliente] 1810 F&H
1813 1813 F&H
1814 [pantalón] 1055 [corto] 1814 F&H
1818 1818 F&H
1821 1821 F&H
1822 1822 F&H
1826 1826 F&H
1834 [agencia] 519 [viaje] 1834 F&H
1835 1835 H only
1848 1848 F&H
1850 1850 F&H
1852 1852 F&H
1853 1853 F&H
1854 1854 F&H
1860 1860 F&H
1866 1866 F&H
1867 1867 F&H
26 [hacer] 1867 [cola] 1867 F&H
335 [sentido] 1871 [humor] 1871 F&H
1873 1873 F&H
1874 1874 F&H
1875 1875 H only
1877 1877 H only
1879 1879 H only
1883 1883 F&H
1892 1892 F&H
1905 1905 F&H
1910 [pelear] 1910 F&H
1913 1913 H only
1918 1918 F&H
1936 1936 F&H
1937 1937 F&H
1942 1942 H only
1944 1944 F&H
1946 1946 F&H
1948 1948 F&H
1958 [tarjeta] 1656 [crédito] 1958 F&H
1958 1958 F&H
1961 1961 F&H
1961 1961 F&H
1986 1986 F&H
1987 1987 H only
1994 1994 F&H
1997 1997 F&H
1999 1999 F&H
2002 2002 F&H
2005 2005 F&H
2007 2007 F&H
2010 2010 F&H
2015 2015 F&H
2026 2026 F&H
2028 2028 F&H
2032 2032 F&H
2036 2036 F&H
2037 2037 H only
2040 2040 F&H
2044 2044 F&H
2045 2045 F&H
2051 2051 F&H
2055 2055 F&H
2068 2068 F&H
2069 2069 F&H
993 [marcar] 2069 [gol] 2069 F&H
2076 2076 F&H
2077 2077 F&H
2081 2081 F&H
2085 2085 F&H
14 [con] 2088 [permiso] 2088 F&H
2088 [permiso] 998 [conducir] 2088 F&H
2088 2088 F&H
2089 2089 F&H
2095 2095 F&H
2096 2096 F&H
2101 2101 F&H
2105 2105 F&H
2113 2113 F&H
2114 [divertir] 2114 F&H
2114 [divertir] 2114 F&H
42 [dar] 2126 [paseo] 1013 [vuelta] 2126 F&H
2126 2126 F&H
2128 2128 F&H
2134 2134 F&H
2150 2150 F&H
2151 2151 F&H
2155 2155 F&H
2161 2161 F&H
2161 2161 F&H
2164 2164 F&H
2179 2179 F&H
2181 2181 F&H
2184 2184 F&H
2186 2186 F&H
2188 2188 F&H
2189 2189 F&H
2190 2190 F&H
2198 2198 F&H
19 [tener] 2214 [sed] 2214 F&H
2218 2218 F&H
2237 2237 F&H
2240 2240 H only
2241 2241 F&H
2245 [comprometer] 2245 H only
2247 2247 F&H
2249 2249 F&H
2252 2252 F&H
2252 [alegrar] 2252 F&H
2253 2253 F&H
2257 2257 F&H
2257 2257 F&H
135 [mano] 1334 [derecho] 2268 [izquierdo] 2268 F&H
2270 2270 F&H
2273 2273 F&H
2276 2276 F&H
2278 2278 F&H
806 [plaza] 2280 [toro] 2280 F&H
2280 2280 F&H
2283 2283 F&H
2287 2287 F&H
2293 2293 H only
2316 2316 F&H
2319 2319 F&H
2327 2327 H only
2329 2329 F&H
2332 2332 H only
2337 [bañar] 2337 F&H
2342 2342 F&H
2346 2346 F&H
2351 2351 F&H
2352 2352 F&H
2364 2364 F&H
2369 2369 H only
2373 2373 F&H
2377 2377 F&H
2379 2379 F&H
2406 2406 H only
2415 2415 F&H
2416 2416 F&H
2430 2430 H only
2432 2432 F&H
2445 2445 F&H
2446 2446 H only
2451 2451 F&H
2465 2465 F&H
2470 2470 F&H
2471 2471 H only
2473 2473 H only
2474 2474 H only
19 [tener] 2475 [prisa] 2475 F&H
2479 2479 F&H
906 [comida] 2479 [basura] 870 [rápido] 2479 F&H
1638 [correo] 2479 [basura] 2479 F&H
2486 2486 F&H
2490 2490 F&H
2492 2492 F&H
2497 2497 F&H
2537 2537 H only
2542 2542 F&H
2551 2551 F&H
2552 2552 F&H
2562 2562 H only
21 [estar] 5 [en] 2564 [huelga] 2564 H only
2567 [residencia] 1677 [anciano] 2567 F&H
2569 2569 F&H
2574 2574 F&H
2576 2576 F&H
2577 2577 H only
2581 2581 F&H
2585 [cansar] 2585 F&H
2586 2586 F&H
2594 2594 F&H
2597 2597 F&H
2599 2599 F&H
2604 2604 F&H
2606 2606 H only
2614 2614 F&H
2624 2624 F&H
2624 2624 F&H
2635 2635 F&H
204 [agua] 2638 [mineral] 2638 F&H
908 [feliz] 2641 [vacaciones] 2641 F&H
21 [estar] 2 [de] 2641 [vacaciones] 2641 F&H
2641 2641 F&H
2644 2644 H only
2645 2645 F&H
2649 2649 F&H
2649 2649 F&H
2150 [pista] 2649 [hielo] 2649 F&H
2654 2654 H only
2658 2658 H only
2660* 2660 F&H
2664 [barra] 1342 [pan] 2664 F&H
2668 2668 F&H
395 [medio] 2682 [pensión] 2682 F&H
2682 [pensión] 816 [completo] 2682 F&H
2682 2682 F&H
2684 2684 F&H
2688 2688 H only
2689 2689 F&H
2692 2692 H only
2703 2703 F&H
2707 2707 F&H
2709 2709 H only
2720 2720 F&H
2728 2728 H only
2732 2732 F&H
2732 2732 F&H
2735 2735 F&H
2741 [mediado] 2741 F&H
2743 2743 F&H
2745 2745 H only
2757 2757 F&H
2759 2759 F&H
2764 2764 H only
2767 2767 F&H
2768 2768 H only
2774 2774 F&H
2775 2775 F&H
2787 2787 F&H
2793 2793 F&H
2805 2805 F&H
2819 2819 F&H
2830 2830 F&H
2834 2834 F&H
2841 2841 F&H
2855 2855 F&H
2861 2861 F&H
2863 2863 F&H
2865 2865 H only
2866 2866 F&H
2868 [servidor] 538 [seguridad] 2868 H only
2875 2875 H only
2876 2876 F&H
2882 2882 F&H
2887 2887 F&H
2890 2890 F&H
2897 2897 F&H
2902 2902 H only
2920 2920 H only
2924 2924 F&H
2928 2928 H only
986 [lluvia] 2932 [ácido] 2932 H only
2964 2964 F&H
2968 2968 F&H
2975 [aburrir] 2975 F&H
66 [grande] 2980 [almacén] 2980 F&H
2988 2988 F&H
2992 2992 F&H
2992 2992 F&H
3011 3011 H only
3014 [saco] 403 [dormir] 3014 F&H
3024 3024 F&H
3026 3026 F&H
3034 3034 F&H
3050 3050 F&H
3053 3053 F&H
3067 3067 F&H
3074 3074 F&H
3076 3076 F&H
3078 3078 F&H
3087 3087 F&H
3096 3096 F&H
3098 3098 H only
3124 3124 F&H
3126 3126 F&H
3127 3127 F&H
3136 3136 F&H
3144 3144 F&H
3148 3148 F&H
3150 3150 F&H
3158 3158 F&H
3160 3160 H only
3161 3161 F&H
3162 3162 F&H
3169 3169 F&H
3175 3175 F&H
3187 3187 F&H
3214 3214 F&H
3222 3222 F&H
3233 3233 F&H
3260 [entretener] 3260 F&H
3265 3265 F&H
3267 3267 F&H
3271 3271 H only
3274 3274 F&H
3288 3288 F&H
3298 3298 F&H
3304 3304 F&H
3313 3313 F&H
3323 3323 F&H
3344 3344 F&H
7 [ser] 3344 [aficionado] 3344 F&H
3349 3349 F&H
3350 3350 F&H
3375 3375 F&H
3383 3383 F&H
3385 3385 F&H
1600 [droga] 3398 [blando] 741 [duro] 3398 F&H
3402 3402 F&H
3415 3415 F&H
3422 3422 F&H
19 [estar] 5 [en] 3423 [paro] 3423 F&H
3423 3423 F&H
3424 3424 F&H
3428 3428 F&H
3429 3429 F&H
3439 3439 F&H
3449 3449 F&H
3456 3456 F&H
80 [tiempo] 3460 [parcial] 3460 F&H
1354 [parque] 3473 [atracción] 3473 F&H
3475 3475 H only
3493 3493 F&H
3501 3501 F&H
3503 3503 F&H
3504 3504 F&H
3507 3507 F&H
3511 3511 F&H
3513 3513 F&H
3514 3514 H only
3525 3525 F&H
3540 3540 F&H
3554 3554 H only
3561 3561 H only
3567 3567 F&H
3577 3577 F&H
21 [estar] 3589 [situado] 3589 F&H
3601 [mudar] 3601 H only
3602 3602 H only
3604 3604 F&H
3608 3608 F&H
3611 3611 F&H
3629 3629 F&H
3630 3630 H only
3636 3636 H only
3641 3641 F&H
208 [arte] 3667 [dramático] 3667 F&H
3675 3675 F&H
3675 3675 F&H
3680 3680 F&H
3684 3684 F&H
3685 3685 F&H
3694 [compartar] 3694 F&H
1404 [estación] 3709 [autobús] 1488 [tren] 3709 F&H
3710 [entrenar] 3710 F&H
3716 3716 F&H
3718 3718 H only
3720 3720 F&H
3736 3736 H only
3740 [lápiz] 358 [color] 3740 F&H
3762 [mojar] 3762 F&H
3785 3785 F&H
3785 3785 F&H
3786 [alquilar] 3786 F&H
3786 3786 F&H
319 [cambio] 3788 [climático] 3788 F&H
3808 3808 H only
3819 3819 F&H
3827 3827 F&H
3839 3839 F&H
3852 3852 H only
3874 3874 F&H
3882 [disfrazar] 3882 H only
3896 [disculpar] 3896 H only
3906 3906 F&H
3917 3917 F&H
3951 3951 F&H
3951 3951 F&H
3960 3960 H only
3964 3964 F&H
3982 3982 F&H
472 [todo] 3990 [recto] 3990 F&H
4000 4000 F&H
4006 4006 H only
4008 4008 F&H
4009 4009 H only
4018 4018 F&H
4026 4026 F&H
4031 4031 F&H
4056 4056 F&H
4056 4056 F&H
4075 4075 F&H
4076 4076 F&H
4099 4099 F&H
4108 4108 F&H
4109 4109 H only
279 [paso] 4118 [subterráneo] 4118 F&H
4130 4130 F&H
4136 4136 F&H
4136 4136 F&H
4138 [crema] 3678 [solar] 4138 F&H
4150 4150 F&H
4151 4151 F&H
4192 4192 F&H
4201 4201 F&H
4213 4213 H only
841 [sala] 4224 [espera] 4224 F&H
4225 [guión] 452 [bajo] 4225 H only
4225 4225 H only
4234 4234 F&H
4241 4241 F&H
4246 4246 H only
4275 4275 F&H
4278 4278 F&H
152 [trabajo] 4282 [manual] 4282 F&H
4283 4283 H only
160 [hora] 152 [trabajo] 4286 [flexible] 4286 F&H
4296 4296 F&H
2076 [anuncio] 4334 [publicitario] 4334 F&H
4335 4335 F&H
82 [primero] 4336 [auxilio] 4336 H only
4352 [reparto] 3736 [domicilio] 4352 H only
4362 4362 F&H
4365 4365 H only
4375 [gasolina] sin [54] 3809 [plomo] 4375 F&H
4379 4379 F&H
4385 4385 F&H
1726 [dibujo] 4385 [animado] 4385 F&H
4387 4387 H only
4392 4392 F&H
4393 4393 F&H
4405 4405 F&H
4408 4408 F&H
4414 4414 F&H
4414 [cinturón] 538 [seguridad] 4414 H only
4417 4417 F&H
4431 4431 H only
4441 4441 F&H
4454 4454 F&H
4462 4462 F&H
4477 4477 F&H
4499 4499 F&H
4546 [alojar] 4546 F&H
4571 4571 F&H
4593 4593 F&H
4627 4627 H only
4637 4637 F&H
4658 4658 F&H
4679 4679 H only
4696 4696 H only
4699 4699 F&H
4712 4712 F&H
4719 4719 F&H
4746 4746 F&H
4755 4755 H only
4757 4757 H only
4778 4778 F&H
4787 4787 H only
4795 4795 F&H
4796 4796 F&H
1515 [tienda] 4798 [solidaria] 4798 F&H
4806 4806 F&H
4808 4808 F&H
4822 4822 F&H
3198 [cancha] 4856 [tenis] 4856 F&H
4865 4865 F&H
21 [estar] 4874 [harto] 4874 F&H
4882 4882 F&H
4884 [concurrir] 4884 H only
4898 [marea] 307 [negro] 4898 H only
4912 4912 F&H
4917 4917 F&H
4935 4935 F&H
4939 [zapatilla] 1489 [deporte] 4939 F&H
4941 4941 F&H
4961 4961 H only
4978 4978 F&H
4978 4978 F&H
4980 [relajar] 4980 F&H
4983 [inquietar] 4983 F&H
5000 5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 [acoso] 2462 [escolar] >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
401 [aire] >5000 [condicionado] >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 [albergue] 3042 [juvenil] >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 [carnet] 998 [conducir] >5000 F&H
>5000 [carnet] 1806 [identidad] >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 [decepcionar] >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
1489 [deporte] >5000 [acuático] >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 [duchar] >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 [emboarrachar] >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 [encontrar] >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
193 [obra] >5000 [benéfico] >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
531 [organización] >5000 [benéfico] >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
39 [papel] >5000 [higiénico] >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
1354 [parque] >5000 [temático] >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
841 [sala] >5000 [chat] >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
1515 [tienda] 182 [fin] >5000 [benéfico] >5000 F&H
1515 [tienda] >5000 [comestible] >5000 F&H
133 [tomar] 46 [año] 473 [libre] >5000 [sabático] >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
359 [zona] >5000 [péatonal] >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 F&H
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
1116 [ataque] >5000 [cardíaco] >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
1311 [banda] >5000 [sonora] >5000 H only
2948 [barrera] >5000 [generacional] >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
<5000 [calentamiento] 2111 [global] >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
309 [efecto] >5000 [invernadero] >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
1516 [gas] >5000 [escape] >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
26 [hacer] >5000 [trasbordo] >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 >5000 H only
>5000 NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA F&H
N/A NA H only
N/A NA H only
Note: The Frequency ranking column sometimes includes more than one number. The issue is that while ‘por’,
for example, appears at 15 on the list of most frequent Spanish words, ‘tanto’ is at number 88 and ‘lo’ at 10, the
phrase ‘por lo tanto’ doesn’t appear as a phrase at all (because the rankings are drawn from a corpus of words
rather than phrases). It doesn’t seem to make sense to split phrases into their constituent words and to list those
separately, because in many cases, the individual words only appear on the AQA list as part of a phrase and not as
individual words.
In this version the word list has a new column [D] which lists the frequency for individual words as before, but
for phrases it gives the frequency for the least common word. This approach at least takes account of the fact that
to know a particular phrase, you would need to know the meaning of its least common word. However, this
column is primarily included to faciliate a numerical sorting of all the words in the list. It is still expected that
teachers will take account of the frequency ranking information in Column C for more precise information.
one number. The issue is that while ‘por’,
s, ‘tanto’ is at number 88 and ‘lo’ at 10, the
ankings are drawn from a corpus of words
nto their constituent words and to list those
on the AQA list as part of a phrase and not as
In this version the word list has a new column [D] which lists the frequency for individual words as before, but for ph
it gives the frequency for the least common word. This approach at least takes account of the fact that to know a partic
phrase, you would need to know the meaning of its least common word. However, this column is primarily included t
faciliate a numerical sorting of all the words in the list. It is still expected that teachers will take account of the freque
ranking information in Column C for more precise information.
one number. The issue is that while ‘por’, for
tanto’ is at number 88 and ‘lo’ at 10, the phrase ‘por lo
wn from a corpus of words rather than phrases). It
rds and to list those separately, because in many cases,
and not as individual words.