The reduction of Energy consumption in

building by using Arduino Microcontroller

and its monitoring

Submitted by
ATTA ULLAH SU-18-01-146-008
FAHAD HAYAT SU-18-01-146-012
FAZLIMAULA SU-18-01-146-014

Supervisor
ENGR. FAYAZ AHMAD

DEPARTMENT OF TECHNOLOGY
OF SARHAD UNIVERSITY OF SCINCE AND IT PESHAWAR
PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN

i
 APPROVAL SHEET
The dissertation was examined by an undergraduate appointed by the Dean of the Faculty of

Engineering and Technology

“The reduction of Energy consumption in building by using Arduino Microcontroller and its
monitoring”

Presented by,

Atta Ullah
Fahad Hayat
Fazlimaula

The candidates for the degree of Bachelor of Technology (B-Tech Hons) in

Electrical/Electronics,

And hereby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance

____________________________________________________

Internal Supervisor (Engr. Fayaz Ahmad)

____________________________________________________

External Supervisor (Engr. Fayaz Ahmad)

ii
____________________________________________________

Engr. Fayaz Ahmad, FYP Coordinator, Electrical & Electronics

_____________________________________________________

Dr. Wasal Khan

____________________________________________________

Director, Department of Technology

iii
 The reduction of Energy consumption in
building by using Arduino Microcontroller
and its monitoring

By

Atta Ullah
Fahad Hayat
Fazlimaula

A thesis

Presented to the Sarhad University of Science & IT, Peshawar

in partial fulfillment for the degree requirement of

Bachelor of Technology

In

Electrical

2022

Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

iv
 AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I hereby declare that I am the sole author of this dissertation. This is a true copy of the
dissertation with any required final cycles as accepted via my examiners. the similarly
introduced that I even have met all the requirements
as per the Higher Education Commission's Quality Assurance Guidelines

v
 Abstract
An electric field is the escape of a charged element, such as an electron or ion, through a
conductor or hole. This is measured as the network voltage of the charger coming from above or
into the control volume. The moving part is called a charger and, depending on the conductor, it
can be one of several types of particles. In electrical circuits, chargers usually carry electrons
through wires. Semiconductors can be either electrons or holes. In electrolytes, carriers are ions,
and in plasmas, ionized gases are ions and electrons. This project has a hardware configuration
that can monitor voltage. In this project, we used various hardware modules such as Arduino
mega, current sensor, AC voltage and mobile relay, and when the team presses a ring button
which gives us the opportunity to make a change, the operation starts from the manual button.
Channel 4 has 4 buttons. Turn on the voltage on the LCD display and it will show you the
voltage currently in use. You can change the voltage just like all switches automatically switch
when the voltage reaches a certain switch. This service is useful in various organizations and
departments.

vi
 Acknowledgements
I would like to renowned and provide my warmest way to my manager (call) who made this
painting viable. His/her steering and recommendation carried me through all of the stages of
writing my undertaking. I could additionally want to thank my committee individuals for letting
my protection be an fun second, and in your superb comments and recommendations, way to
you.

vii
 Table of Contents
Declaration:.....................................................................................................................................ii
Acknowledgement:.........................................................................................................................iii
Abstracts:........................................................................................................................................iv
List of Figures:.................................................................................................................................v
Chapter 1 Introduction:...................................................................................................................1
1.1 Introduction:.....................................................................................................................1
1.1.1 Direct Current (DC):.....................................................................................................2
1.1.1 Alternating Current (AC):.............................................................................................3
1.2 Problem Statement...........................................................................................................3
1.3 Objectives:........................................................................................................................3
1.4 Scope of the Project:.........................................................................................................3
Chapter 2 Literature Review:...........................................................................................................4
Chapter 3 Hardware Component...................................................................................................11
3.1 Intorduction....................................................................................................................11
3.2 Current Sensor................................................................................................................11
3.3 Ac Voltage Sensor..........................................................................................................12
3.4 Relay Module.................................................................................................................12
3.5 Arduino Mega 2560........................................................................................................13
3.6 20x4 LCD Display..........................................................................................................14
Chapter 4 Implementation.............................................................................................................16
4.1 Intorduction....................................................................................................................16
4.2 Arduino Mega 2560........................................................................................................16
4.3 Current Sensor................................................................................................................16
4.4 AC Volatage Sensor.......................................................................................................17
4.5 Relay Module.................................................................................................................17
4.6 20x4 LCD.......................................................................................................................18
Chapter 5 Conclusion...................................................................................................................19
5.1 Conclusion:.....................................................................................................................19
References:....................................................................................................................................20

viii
 List of Figure
Figure 2.1: Flowchart for the energy comsumption monitoring system
Figure 2.2: Block Diagram for Energy Monitoring System for Smart Home Appliances
Figure 2.3: PMU refers to the meters that are placed at various points in the network
Figure 2.4: System Architecture
Figure 2.5: Data Display device diagram
Figure 2.6: iPlug System Architecture
Figure 2.7: Ardunio Work Flow
Figure 3.1: Current Sensor
Figure 3.2: AC Voltage Sensor
Figure 3.3: Relay Module
Figure 3.4: Arduino Mega 2560
Figure 3.5: 20x4 LCD Display
Figure 4.1: Arduino Mega
Figure 4.2: Current Sensor
Figure 4.3: AC Voltage Sensor
Figure 4.4: Relay Module
Figure 4.5: 20x4 LCD

ix
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction:
An electric field is the escape of a charged element, such as an electron or ion, through a
conductor or hole. It is measured as the network voltage of the charger coming from above or
into the control volume. The moving part is called a charger and, depending on the conductor, it
can be one of several types of particles. In electrical circuits, chargers usually carry electrons
through wires. In semiconductors, they can be electrons or cavities. In electrolytes, carriers are
ions, and in plasmas, ionized gases are ions and electrons. The current SI unit for current is the
ampere or ampere, which is a current over a rate of one coulomb per minute. Ampere (symbol:
A) is the main unit of SI Electric for measuring current ammeter. Electric motors generate
magnetic fields that are used in motors, generators, inductors, and transformers. Among the
regular directors, he makes Joule heaters that create lights and sparks. Periodic streams transmit
electromagnetic waves used in communications to transmit information.

Such as electric motors, sub atomically charged particles (e.g. negatively charged
electrons, positively charged protons), ions (atoms that have lost or gained one or more
electrons), or holes (electrons may not have been processed). with all moving particles in the
carrier charger). The electric field of a cable whose charger is an electron is a measure of the
amount of money passing through each point in the cable simultaneously. With current changes,
the movement of electricity rates is sometimes reversed. And not immediately now In many
cases, the direction of current in an electrical circuit is considered to be a positive non-
transmitting current. When the present is defined, the present is called the present.
1.1.1 Direct Current:
Directional current (DC) is the transfer of electricity in one direction. Electrochemical
cells are a top example of a DC electricity supply. Direct modern can come from a conductor
together with a flowing cord, however it can additionally come via a semiconductor, an insulator,
or a hole consisting of an electron or ion beam. The electric motor acknowledges the evaluation
(AC) and moves in a positive route. The term used for this form of modern is galvanic modern.

AC and DC abbreviations usually only cause certain changes, such as when changing current or
voltage It can be turned on instantly from an existing source using a rectifier. Rectifiers have

1
electronic (normal) or electronic (historical) materials that allow flow in only one direction. The
current conductor can be rotated in the opposite direction by the inverter.

Direct current has many uses, from battery chargers to large chargers for Electric structures,
automobiles, and more. Currently, a massive quantity of electrical energy furnished with the aid
of molten aluminum and other electrochemical systems is used. It is likewise used on a few
railways, in particular in rural areas. High voltage direct present day is used to transmit huge
amounts of electricity thru faraway sites or to attach existing electrical networks.

1.1. 2 Alternating Current (AC)

Alternating cutting-edge (AC) is an electric current that often modifications path and converts to a one of
a kind frequency than modern-day flowing inside the same route (DC). AC is a type of power that
promises energy to the property owner, and is regularly used by clients once they plug in kitchen home
equipment, TVs, fanatics, and strength into outlets. The most commonplace DC power supply is a
battery cell inside a light bulb. AC and DC abbreviations commonly most effective cause certain
modifications, along with while converting modern or voltage In most electrical circuits, the waveform
of alternating modern-day is a sine wave, with a half-lifestyles similar to the high-quality path of the
cutting-edge and vice versa. The route of the current can not be reversed (eg pulsating wave). In a few
programs, inclusive of guitar strings, exclusive varieties of waves are used, together with triangular or
rectangular waves. Radio and radio indicators transmitted over cables are also examples of alternative
air. Other types of streams carry information, such as audio or video, sometimes carried by AC user
signal changes. This change at a higher level than is usually used for power transmission

1.2 Problem Statement:

 Energy wastage as no check is kept on the consumption of electricity.
 No remote access to utilities.
 Main power required for nothing down energy units consumed by the user and
accordingly the bill generated.
 Inaccuracy in generated bills due to human error.
1.3 Objectives:
AC strength tracking machine we want the system to degree the power and strength of each
circuit on a breaker panel placed in the new Cedarville chemical lab. We desire to add this
information on-line so that it may be configured and displayed on mobile devices to offer
2
customers with useful information about the strength and strength of their lab. Below is a
summary of our work.
The key components of this tracking device are wi-fi conversation between access and display
devices, the monitoring abilties and tool stage of the switchboard circuitry, the display of
common strength and strength fee statistics per hour, and pc data.
1.4 Scope of the project:
The AC power monitoring gadget has the potential to check the power intake for character
circuits within the breaker panel, save facts, and provide feedback and power usage behavior to
the user. The underlying process provides a proof of concept for future taxonomy groups.

3
CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEWS
Getting energy, especially electricity, is a difficult task. The problems we face today. You need
a sound system for monitoring. This energy intake The Internet of Things offers a way to
remedy those problems. Integrated hardware, software and cloud so we support energy
consumption Appliance monitoring machine that may be used to calculate power intake Inform
family and personnel about power intake Android app to check strength usage and estimate very
last bill of the moon you can join the gadget to a strength control feature. The app notifies you
when a strength outage takes place, as long as the person uses the application as required. A
banquet past the set of customers, an electricity meter installed in your home reads the give up
of every month and determines your month-to-month cost based totally on how an awful lot
electricity each household consumes. Electric vehicles calculate the quantity of power fed on by
means of various household appliances and appliances.

Fig 2.1 Flowchart for the energy intake tracking system

4
Recently, the authorities has brought a stricter energy billing gadget to save you many people
from ingesting and harming strength. According to this device, strength consumption will
increase for a month, which will increase the cost of energy. For this reason, humans want a
product that helps them reveal and preserve the quantity of kilowatts consumed consistent with
month. A product have to be able to are expecting and describe the details of the cost required
primarily based on utilization from the beginning of the month to control its ability advantages.
The major recognition is to broaden a machine that estimates the electricity consumption of all
family home equipment to predict the family's one-month strength consumption. The Internet of
Things (IoT) makes it clean to connect clouds and databases to the hardware and programs for
your device. A system has been developed in which hardware additives along with sensors now
send power to all patron electronics from a cloud database. An Android utility is designed that
restores a family's energy storage records from the database from the day of the month to the
cutting-edge date.

Fig 2.2 Block Diagram for Energy monitoring device for Smart Home Appliances

5
 Since strength is an essential a part of our each day lifestyles, this sort of electricity has now
attracted the attention of researchers and engineers. The motive of this text is to study numerous
methods, techniques, and strategies presently used to evaluate power ranges. This assessment
focuses on a strength level tracking device with diverse equipment, software program,
conversation hyperlinks, etc. That can be used as a unmarried incorporated machine. Also, a
number of the techniques and strategies provided take into account a very good wattmeter set up
technique. Find the most useful place to region the power display inside the electrical box
through developing algorithms and techniques to find the right variety of monitors and the right
places to place them with a purpose to lessen PQM system cost and increase efficiency. This
article begins by reviewing the basic concepts to understand the needs and capabilities of each
system or process. Then, simply compare the process and the pros and cons. The actions of
international companies are then taken into account in energy monitoring guidelines. Finally,
consider some examples of efforts made in terms of energy efficiency.

Fig 2.3 PMU refers to the meters which can be positioned at various points inside the
community

6
One of our pinnacle desires is to achieve purchaser pleasure. This is carried out with the aid of
ensuring that the purchaser's desires and necessities are met. To do that, it's far essential to
apprehend the sort of quit customers (work, residence, etc.) on your network to provide the level
of power that meets your needs. Interest in the power level sector is usually driven by customer
complaints. Therefore, every effort is made to ensure a good energy supply at all times. End-
user services are provided depending on the current wave system and the type of power used.
Clients fall into three categories P, PQ and PQD. Type P customers use only energy, whereas
PQ customers use energy to react and react. The last one is the PQD, which has a high
correlation especially in inductive and capacitive currents as well as current wavelengths. The
main advantage of this classification is that it analyzes the system as a whole when two or more
customers in the same group are experiencing the same problem or difficulty.

Fig 2.4 System Architecture of the Energy tracking system for Smart Home Appliances.

7
Energy infrastructure management is a worldwide issue. Energy control reduces the
environmental effect of energy production. Therefore, power intake tracking has been identified
as an important mechanism to lessen electricity consumption and direct CO2 emissions.
Advances in electronics in latest years have implemented many technological answers that may
reduce electricity intake. This book describes the layout and modeling of domestic power
monitoring systems that offer homebuyers with statistics approximately the electrical cycle. The
device uses wi-fi communication to show facts on a small LCD display screen and computer.
Electricity plays an essential role in the international's financial and social improvement and in
the lives of citizens and purchasers. However, strength production is generally from fuels along
with oil, gas and coal. Low dependence on fossil electricity resources of greenhouse gases
(GHGs which includes CO2, CH4 and N2O) warns the sector of brief-time period conditions.
Renewable strength and investments in renewable energy are important to sustainable strength
projections as they frequently gain the financial system, improve electricity protection and
reduce neighborhood air pollutants.

Fig 2.5 Data display device diagram block

8
The National Energy Development Plan sets targets for the period 2016 to 2020, where all
Member States have energy production a priority in Europe. The effort has become increasingly
important through the years as national and global laws are enacted to boost this idea. The
Internet of Things (IoT) is a idea advanced to describe a technological shift in which everyday
gadgets are connected to a international Internet community. Therefore, we plan to design and
enforce an automation device which can display and manipulate electrical gadgets related to the
Internet through iPlug-enabled Wi-Fi by combining the fabric's electricity intake with the need
to screen community consumption. The system presents statistics on the electricity consumption
of the related gadgets by continuously calculating the modern voltage with smart plugs that
healthy in a not unusual space, this data is stored in a database. The iPlug also tells you if opt-in
is on or off, changes the state, after which accesses the feed statistics from the gateway for iOS
and a pair of apps.

Fig 2.6 iPlug system architecture

9
Local computing, defined as a network paradise focused on computing systems close to data
sources that may be sensitive in some cases, is another solution to limited problems such as
bandwidth and servers. Both the resources and revenue generated by the cloud system reduce
latency and improve performance, creating an intelligent system capable of generating levels in
a timely manner. Here, the authors present the design and analysis of PTEC systems (power
prediction and power management systems), power prediction systems, and database power.
The purpose of the survey was to evaluate whether PTEC could efficiently perform data center
monitoring at low power costs. The system collects data from servers and AC backups and
obtains information about temperature and power consumption within the storage area of the
data center. A system analysis was performed using simulations to evaluate the performance
and capacity of the PTEC. According to PTEC's analysis, energy consumption and energy
distribution can be reduced by 34% and 30%, respectively.

Fig 2.7 Arduino Work Flow

10
Home appliances are growing rapidly with the increase of large-scale appliances. A new air
conditioning system has been developed for home energy management. Powerline
Communication (PLC) communication technology can be used to control and monitor electrical
appliances in home lighting, Describes the PLC Power-Controlled Outlet Outlet Module
(PPCOM), which mixes various AC energy slots, energy modules. PLC modules and
microcontrollers into slots to turn energy stores on and stale and measure electricity,
Consumption of set up family home equipment’s . We also developed an incorporated home
server that supports a web accomplice interface, permitting users to control and reveal home
home equipment online. In addition, the reported discipline experiments have proven that our
design-performs well and can give excellent results. Monitoring and power management over
home networks are becoming an integral part of consumer electronics. In addition to network
access rules, many standards have been developed and developed for wired networks. RS-232 is
a simple design tool and is commonly used in today's industrial environment.

Fig 2.8 Embedded System Block Diagram

11
A domestic server is the hardware that connects your home community to a wide vicinity
community (WAN) or Internet. Gateways offer port language translation (NAT), permitting all
computer systems on a small community to percentage the identical IP cope with and Internet
connection. The home server may be among the modem and the internal community, or it is
able to course a DSL or USB modem to the home server. Home servers normally connect the
functions of an IP router, firewall, a couple of Ethernet ports, and Wi-Fi access points. A
domestic server with navigation is an integrated tool, on occasion called a home or broadband
router with "broadband", and refers to a router that isn't always functioning in lieu of an Internet
get admission to service. The home server is configured through the PPCOM Home Gateway
Initiative (PLC Power Outlet Control Module) and the home server is powered on and managed.
For clean configuration, all varieties of hardware in PPCOM are applied in a field (18.5 cm ×
15.5 cm × 3.Eight cm). All home appliances hooked up in the PPCOM socket may be controlled
and monitored without extra placing. PLC and Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL) are
selected for widespread location networks selected for home networks. Combining PLC era and
Ethernet, PPCOM can hook up with newly installed home servers without new
Cables

Fig 2.9 Circuit diagram of the PPCOM

CHAPTER 3
12
 HARDWARE COMPONENT
3.1 Introduction:
In this chapter we will discuss the whole hardware component which are used in this
project.
3.2 Current sensor Acs712 30Amp:
The current 30A ACS712 sensor module has precise assembly circuitry, low offset
linearity, and a near-die surface copper orientation approach. Now the applied application flows
through the copper directional conductor leading to the magnetic field of the IC assembly
varying with the same voltage.

Features:
• The current sensor chips: ACS712ELC-30A;
• Pin 5V strength deliver, on-board strength indicator;
• The module can degree the high quality and negative 30 amps, corresponding to the
analog output 66mV / A;
• No check present day via the output voltage is VCC / 2;
• PCB board length: 31 (mm) x13 (mm);

Fig 3.1 Current sensor

3.3 Ac Voltage Sensor:

13
The voltage sensor is a sensor used to calculate and display the quantity of voltage in an item.
Voltage sensors can decide the AC voltage or DC voltage stage. The enter of this sensor is the
voltage, whilst the output is the switches, analog voltage signal, a modern-day sign, or an
audible signal.
Features:
• Voltage upto 250 volts may be measured.
• Light weight with on-board micro-precision voltage transformer.
• High precision on-board op-amp circuit.
• Operating temperature: 40ºC ~ + 70ºC.
• Supply voltage (5) volts to(30) volts.

Fig 3.2 Ac Voltage Sensor:

3.4 Relay Module:

A 4 Channel Relay Module is a convenient board which may be used to control high
voltage, high modern-day load which include motor, solenoid valves, lamps and AC load. It is
designed to interface with microcontroller together with Arduino, PIC and and so on. The relays
terminal (COM, NO and NC) is being added out with screw terminal. It moreover comes with a
LED to signify the reputation of relay.
Features:
• Digital output controllable
• Compatible with any 5V microcontroller together with Arduino.

14
 • Rated through-modern: 10A (NO) 5A (NC)
• Control sign: TTL stage
• Max. Switching voltage 250VAC/30VDC
• Max. Switching modern-day 10A
• Size: 76mm x 56mm x 17mm

Fig 3.3 Relay Module

3.5 Arduino Mega 2560:
A Arduino Mega 2560 is a microcontroller board based totally on the ATmega2560. It has fifty
4 digital input / output pins (15 of which can be used as PWM output), 16 analog inputs, 4
UARTs (hardware serial port), a sixteen MHz crystal oscillator, a USB connection, a electricity
jack, an ICSP header, and Reset button.
Features
1. High Endurance Non-risky Memory Segments
a. Write/Erase Cycles: 10,000 Flash
2. Atmel QTouch library guide
3. JTAG (IEEE std. 1149.1 compliant) interface
4. Peripheral Features
a. Real-time Counter with Separate Oscillator
b. Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Oscillator
c. On-chip Analog Comparator
d. Interrupt and Wake-up on Pin Charge
5. Other unique capabilities
a. Power-on Reset and Programmable Brown-out Detection

15
 b. Internal Calibrated Oscillator
c. External and Internal Interrupt Sources
d. Six Sleep Modes: Idle, ADC Noise Reduction, Power-keep, Power-
down, Standby, and Extended Standby

Fig 3.4 Arduino Mega 2560

3.6 20x4 LCD
20x4 LCD manner it may show 20 characters in step with line and there are four such traces.
Each letter is displayed in a 5x7 pixel matrix in this LCD. This LCD has registers command and
facts.
Features
I. A 20 × 4 LCD module has 4 lines inside the show and can show twenty characters in
one line and eighty characters in a single display.
II. Display interfacing code is without difficulty available.
III. We handiest need 11 enter and output pinouts for the LCD screen interface.
IV. The input deliver for this module is three volts or five volts, with that module there
are different additives like PIC, Raspberry PI, Ardino.
V. This electronic device can be used in diverse embedded structures, industries, clinical
devices and transportable devices like mobiles, watches, laptops.
VI. Liquid crystal show works on two forms of signals, the primary for records and the
second for manipulate
VII. The existence of those indicators can be identified through the on and off
circumstance of RS pin out. Data can be study by using pushing the Read/write pin
out.

16
 Fig 3.5 20x4 LCD Display
3.7 Socket
The socket is the end of a two-manner verbal exchange hyperlink among two programs walking
at the network. The socket is tied to a port range in order that the application can identify the
TCP layer records to be sent. ... Each TCP connection can be uniquely diagnosed via its ends.

Fig 3.6 Power Socket

CHAPTER 4
IMPLEMENTATION

17
4.1 Introduction:
In this chapter we will discuss the whole implementation of the project. How the
different component combines together and performs a specific function.
4.2 Arduino Mega 2560:
The Arduino is the main hardware of this project as because all other sensor are connect
with the Arduino and perform different function we can say that the Arduino is the main
controller of the project.

Arduino
Mega 2560

Fig 4.1 Arduino Mega

4.3 Current sensor:
A Current sensor is a tool that detects an electric powered contemporary and converts it into
without issues measurable output voltage, it truly is proportional to the present day flowing
through the measured path.

18
 Current
Sensor

Fig 4.2 Arduino Mega

4.4 AC Voltage Sensor,
The voltage sensor is a sensor used to degree and monitor, the amount of voltage in an item.
Voltage sensors can determine AC voltage or DC voltage degrees. The sensor has an enter
voltage, while the output is switches, analog voltage signals, cutting-edge signals or audible
signals.

AC Voltage
Sensor

Fig 4.3 Current Sensor

19
4.5 Relay module:
An electrically operated switch that can be grew to become on or off to
determine whether an electric current should flow through or not.

Relay
Module

Fig 4.4 Relay Module

3.6 20x4 LCD
The LCD display is used in this project to check the voltage of different 8 switch.

20x4 LCD
Display

20
 Fig 4.5 LCD Display
3.7 Button:
In this project the button is used to turn on the relay module.

Button

Fig 4.6 button

3.8 Socket:
In this project we used the power socket to plug something to check the load.

Socket

Fig 4.7 Power Socket

21
3.8 Power Supply
In this project the power we have used 12-volt power supply to power up the Arduino,
the Arduino then manage the power and shared the required power to the concern device.

Power
Supply

Fig 3.8 Power Supply

22
CHAPTER 5
CONCLUSION
5.1 Conclusion:
In this project we have design a hardware system which will able to monitor voltage. In
this project we have used different hardware module like Arduino mega, current sensor, AC
voltage and relay mobile, the function start from a manual button when we press it the button
the relay module turn on which allow the concern switch to be usable able similarly for 4
channels we have 4 buttons, when we plug some voltage in the switch the lcd display show us
that how many voltages is used currently. We can fix the voltage as when the voltage reach to
certain limit all the switch will be turn off automatically. This project is beneficial in different
organization and department.

23
References:
1. T. Shibata, K. Ogawa, H. Takemura and Y. Hatayama, “The new structure that realizes
seamless connectivity and cooperative manage for home network systems,” in Proc.
ICCE ’05, pp. 149-a hundred and fifty, 2005.
2. Chia-Hung Lien, Chi-Hsiung Lin, Ying-Wen Bai, Ming-Fong Liu, and Ming-Bo Lin,
“Remotely Controllable Outlet System for Home Power Management,” in Proc. ISCE
'06, pp.1-6, 2006.
3. IEEE P802.11, The Working Group for Wireless LANs, retrieved September 20, 2003,
Available: http://www.Ieee802.Org/eleven/
4. IEEE 802.15, retrieved August 28, 2007, Available: http://www. Ieee802
.Org/15/pub/TG1.Html.
5. Masahiro Inoue, Toshiyasu Higuma, Yoshiaki Ito, Noriyuki Kushiro and Hitoshi
Kubota, “Network Architecture for Home Energy Management System,” IEEE Trans.
Consumer Electron., vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 606-613, Aug. 2003.
6. H. Ikebe, K. Ogawa, H. Takernura and Y. Hatayama, “New structure of understanding
seamless connectivity and cooperative control for home community structures,” in Proc.
ISCAS ’05, pp. 5341-5344, 2005.
7. C. Bae, J. Yoo, K. Kang, Y. Choe, and J. Lee, “Home server for home digital service
environments, Digest of Technical Papers in International Conference on Consumer
Electronics, pp. 382-383, June 2003.
8. C. Bae, J. Lee, and C. Kim, “State of the artwork and the improvement path of home
server era,” Korea Information Processing Society Review, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 28-forty one,
Jan. 2001.
9. Song Yean Cho, “Framework for the Composition and Interoperation of the Home
Appliances based on Heterogeneous Middleware in Residential Networks”, IEEE
Transaction on Consumer Electronics, 2002
10. Noriyuki Kushiro, Koichi Sato, Noriyuki Komiya, Mananori Nakata, Masahiro Inoue,
Hideo Tsubota, “Agent Based Graphical User Interface Architecture for Consumer
Products”, IEEE Transaction on Consumer Electronics, 1996
11. Power Meter IC, Available: http://www.Cirrus.Com /en/products /pro/techs/T14.Html.

24
 12. Embedded XP, Available: http://www.Microsoft.Com/home windows/ embedded/eval/
xpe/ default.Mspx.

25
Indexing
#include<LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 4);
float voltage = 220;
float voltage2 = 225;
float current = 0;
float watt = 0 ;

void setup() {
// put your setup code here, to run once:
Serial.begin(9600);
pinMode(24,INPUT);
pinMode(A1,INPUT);
pinMode(A7,INPUT);
pinMode(26,INPUT);
pinMode(28,INPUT);
pinMode(30,INPUT);
pinMode(32,INPUT);
pinMode(34,INPUT);
pinMode(36,INPUT);
pinMode(38,INPUT);
pinMode(2,OUTPUT);
pinMode(3,OUTPUT);
pinMode(4,OUTPUT);
pinMode(5,OUTPUT);
pinMode(6,OUTPUT);
pinMode(7,OUTPUT);
pinMode(8,OUTPUT);
pinMode(9,OUTPUT);

26
 // Turn on the blacklight and print a message.
lcd.backlight();
}

void loop() {
// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
// voltage = voltaGe();
delay(200);
float number = 0;
current = analogRead(A7);
watt = voltage*current/1000;
if(watt<=0){
number = 0;
}else{
number = watt;
}
Serial.println(voltage);
lcd.setCursor(2,0);
lcd.print("Electric Flow");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Voltage = ");
lcd.setCursor(10,1);

lcd.print(voltage);
lcd.setCursor(0,2);
lcd.print("Current=");
lcd.setCursor(8,2);
lcd.print(current);
lcd.setCursor(0,3);
lcd.print("Watt = ");

27
lcd.setCursor(5,3);
lcd.print(number);
delay(2000);
//Remove =============================

current = analogRead(A7);
Serial.print("current: ");
Serial.println(current);
watt = voltage2*current/1000;
float number1 = 0;
Serial.print("watt: ");
Serial.println(watt);
if(watt<=0){
number1 = 0;
}else{
number1 = watt;
}
lcd.setCursor(2,0);
lcd.print("Electric Flow");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Voltage = ");
lcd.setCursor(10,1);

lcd.print(voltage2);
lcd.setCursor(0,2);
lcd.print("Current=");
lcd.setCursor(8,2);
lcd.print(current);
lcd.setCursor(0,3);
lcd.print("Watt = ");

28
 lcd.setCursor(5,3);
lcd.print(number1);

//revoe ==========================
Serial.println(" ");

if(digitalRead(24)==1){
Serial.println("Channel 1 is Off");
digitalWrite(2,HIGH);
}
else{
digitalWrite(2,LOW);
Serial.println("Channel 1 is ON");
}
if(digitalRead(26)==1){
Serial.println("Channel 2 is OFF");
digitalWrite(3,HIGH);
}
else{
digitalWrite(3,LOW);
Serial.println("Channel 2 is On");
}
if(digitalRead(28)==1){
Serial.println("Channel 3 is OFF");
digitalWrite(4,HIGH);
}
else{
digitalWrite(4,LOW);
Serial.println("Channel 3 is On");

29
}
if(digitalRead(30)==1){
Serial.println("Channel 4 is OFF");
digitalWrite(5,HIGH);
}
else{
digitalWrite(5,LOW);
Serial.println("Channel 4 is On");
}
if(digitalRead(32)==1){
Serial.println("Channel 5 is OFF");
digitalWrite(6,HIGH);
}
else{
digitalWrite(6,LOW);
Serial.println("Channel 5 is ON");
}
if(digitalRead(34)==1){
Serial.println("Channel 6 is OFF");
digitalWrite(7,HIGH);
}else{
digitalWrite(7,LOW);
Serial.println("Channel 6 is On");
}

if(digitalRead(36)==1){
Serial.println("Channel 7 is OFF");
digitalWrite(8,HIGH);
}else{
digitalWrite(8,LOW);

30
 Serial.println("Channel 7 is On");
}
if(digitalRead(38)==1){
Serial.println("Channel 8 is OFF");
digitalWrite(9,HIGH);
}
else{
digitalWrite(9,LOW);
Serial.println("Channel 8 is On");
}

delay(1000);
}

int voltaGe(){
double sensorValue1 = 0;
double sensorValue2 = 0;
int crosscount = 0;
int climb_flag = 0;
int val[100];
int max_v = 0;
double VmaxD = 0;
double VeffD = 0;
double Veff = 0;

for ( int i = 0; i < 100; i++ ) {

sensorValue1 = analogRead(A1);
if (analogRead(A1) > 511) {
val[i] = sensorValue1;
}

31
 else {
val[i] = 0;
}
delay(1);
}

max_v = 0;

for ( int i = 0; i < 100; i++ )

{
if ( val[i] > max_v )
{
max_v = val[i];
}
val[i] = 0;
}
if (max_v != 0) {
VmaxD = max_v;
VeffD = VmaxD / sqrt(2);
Veff = (((VeffD - 420.76) / -90.24) * -210.2) + 210.2;
}
else {
Veff = 0;
}
Serial.print("Voltage: ");
Serial.println(Veff);
VmaxD = 0;
return Veff;
}

32