Revision of Linear Programming

(CSEC Past Papers)

1. (a)
(i) For quantity:
For small pizzas: total amount required is 𝑥
For large pizzas: total amount required is 𝑦
But maximum amount to make: 20
Hence:
𝒙 + 𝒚 ≤ 𝟐𝟎
(ii) For cost of ingredients
For small pizzas: cost is $15
For large pizzas: cost is $30
But budget available: $450
Hence:
15𝒙 + 𝟑𝟎𝒚 ≤ 𝟒𝟓𝟎

(b) (i) and (ii) is on the graph

For 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 20
𝑥 0 20
𝑦 20 0

For 15𝑥 + 30𝑦 = 450

𝑥 0 30
𝑦 15 0

You can also use ANY

𝑥 value to calculate its
corresponding 𝑦 value
to plot the points.
 (iii) The vertices are: (𝟎, 𝟏𝟓) ; (𝟏𝟎, 𝟏𝟎) ; (𝟐𝟎, 𝟎)

(c) (i) Since the profit for ONE small pizza is $8 and the profit for ONE large
pizza is $20 then the objective function (in this case a profit equation)is:
𝑷𝒎𝒂𝒙 = 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟐𝟎𝒚

(ii) For (0,15) 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡 = 8(0) + 20(15) = $300

For (10,10) 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡 = 8(10) + 20(10) = $280
For (20,0) 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡 = 8(20) + 20(0) = $160

Hence the maximum profit is $ 300.

Jan 2010

2. (i) For the third condition: total number of pumpkins = 𝑥 + 𝑦

But maximum amount is 12
Hence 𝒙 + 𝒚 ≤ 𝟏𝟐

(b) (i) and (ii) is on the graph

For 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 12
𝑥 0 12
𝑦 12 0

You can also use ANY

𝑥 value to calculate its
corresponding 𝑦 value
to plot the points.
 (iii) The vertices are: (𝟑, 𝟑) ; (𝟔, 𝟔) ; (𝟗, 𝟑)

(c) No objective function was given, but since they asked for the amount of
each produce to obtain a MINIMUM amount, then

Hence the minimum amount of pumpkin is 3 and the minimum amount of

melon is 3
May 2010
3. (b) (i)
One inequality is 𝒙 ≥ 𝟔
Since the feasible region lies to
the RIGHT of line 𝑥 = 6.
One inequality is 𝒙 + 𝒚 ≤ 𝟒𝟎
Since the feasible region lies to
the BELOW of line 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 6.

(ii) The vertices are: (6,2) ; (6,34) ; (30,10)

(iii) Since the objective function given is 𝑝 = 4𝑥 + 3𝑦 then
For (6,2) 𝑝 = 4(6) + 3(2) = 30
For (6,34) 𝑝 = 4(6) + 3(34) = 126
For (30,10) 𝑝 = 4(30) + 3(10) = 150
The maximum value is 150 hence the pair that produces the maximum
value is (𝟑𝟎, 𝟏𝟎).
Jan 2012
 4. (b) (i) The inequalities:
Since the number of orchids (𝑦) must be AT LEAST (≥) the number of
roses (𝑥) then
𝟏
𝒚≥ 𝒙
𝟐
Since there must be at least (≥) 2 roses (𝑥) then
𝒙≥𝟐
Since there must be no more (≤) than 12 flowers altogether, then
𝒙 + 𝒚 ≤ 𝟏𝟐

(ii)

For 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 12
𝑥 0 12
𝑦 12 0

1
For 𝑦 = 𝑥
2

𝑥 0 12
𝑦 0 6

You can also use ANY

𝑥 value to calculate its
corresponding 𝑦 value
to plot the points.

(iii) The vertices are: (2 , 1) ; (2 , 10) ; (8 , 4)

(iv)Since the profit for ONE rose is $3 and the profit for ONE orchid is $4,
the objective function given is
𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡 = 3𝑥 + 4𝑦
 For (2,1) 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡 = 3(2) + 4(1) = $10
For (2,10) 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡 = 3(2) + 4(10) = $46
For (8,4) 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑓𝑖𝑡 = 3(8) + 4(4) = $40
The maximum profit is $46
Jan 2012

5. (a) (i)

One inequality is 𝒙 ≥ 𝟐
Since the feasible region lies to
the RIGHT of line 𝑥 = 2.
One inequality is 𝒙 + 𝒚 ≤ 𝟏𝟎
Since the feasible region lies to
the BELOW of line 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 10.

(ii) (ii) The vertices are: (2 , 3) ; (2 , 8) ; (7 , 3)

(iii) Since the objective function given is 𝑝 = 5𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 3 then
For (2 , 3) 𝑝 = 5(2) + 2(3) − 3 = 13
For (2 , 8) 𝑝 = 5(2) + 2(8) − 3 = 23
For (7 , 3) 𝑝 = 5(7) + 2(3) − 3 = 38
The maximum value is 38 hence the pair that produces the maximum value
is (𝟕, 𝟑).
Jan 2016
6. (i)

(ii)

Jan 2018
7. (b) (i) Since there are 𝑥 bottles of juice and he must make AT LEAST (≥
) 20 bottles of juice, then
𝒙 ≥ 𝟐𝟎
Since there are 𝑦 cakes and he must make NO MORE THAN (≤) 15 cakes,
then
𝒚 ≤ 𝟏𝟓

(ii) ONE BOTTLE of juice cost $3.50

ONE CAKE cost $5.25
But he uses $163 to produce ALL items, hence
𝟑. 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟓. 𝟐𝟓𝒚 ≤ 𝟏𝟔𝟑

(iii) If he wants to make 50 bottles of juice and 12 cakes, then it MUST

satisfy ALL inequalities above.
Using as (50 , 12)
For 1st inequality, this point satisfies inequality.
For 2nd inequality, this point satisfies inequality.
For 3rd inequality 3.5(50) + 5.25(12) = 238 BUT he only has 163
available, hence this point DOES NOT satisfy the inequality.

As such it is not possible for him to produce 50 bottles of juice and 12 cakes
Jan 2019

8. (a) Since c represents the number of hectares of corn to be planted and p

represents the number of hectares of potatoes to be planted, BUT he only
has 10 hectares of land available, then
𝒄 + 𝒑 ≤ 𝟏𝟎
Jan 2020
since there are at least twice as many hectares of potatoes than cassava, then

c > 2p

Jan 2020