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Social Work
Building on the successful 1st edition, this reader brings together some of the most
significant ideas that have informed social work practice over the last fifty years. At
the same time as presenting these foundational extracts, the book includes commen-
taries that allow the reader to understand the selected extracts on their own terms
as well as to be aware of their relations to each other and to the wider social work
context.
There is no settled view or easy consensus about what social work is and should be,
and the ideas reflected in this volume are themselves diverse and complex. The world
of social work has changed greatly over the last ten years, and this new edition reflects
that change with new material on the decolonisation of social work knowledges, the
greater emphasis on inter-disciplinarity and co-production and the new concern for
identities.
With an accessible introduction to contextualise the selections, the book is divided
into three main sections, each presenting key texts drawn from a wide range of per-
spectives: psychological, sociological, philosophical, educational and political, as well
as perspectives that are grounded in the experiences of practitioners and those who
use services, which have contributed to the development of:
• the profession of social work,

• knowledge and values for social work and
• practice in social work.
By providing students and practitioners with an easy way into reading first-hand some
of the most interesting, foundational texts of the subject, it will be required reading
for all undergraduate and postgraduate programmes and professionals undertaking
post-qualifying training.
Viviene E. Cree (PhD) is Professor Emerita of Social Work Studies at the University of
Edinburgh. She is the author of Sociology for Social Workers and Probation Officers,
editor of Becoming a Social Worker and co-author of Social Work: Voices from the
Inside, all published by Routledge.
Trish McCulloch (PhD) is Professor of Social Work and Senior Associate Dean in the
School of Humanities, Social Sciences and Law at the University of Dundee. She has
published widely on justice, social work and, more recently, on social work education
and professional learning.
Student Social Work
https://www.routledge.com/Student-Social-Work/book-series/SSW
This exciting new textbook series is ideal for all students studying to be qualified social
workers, whether at undergraduate or masters level. Covering key elements of the
social work curriculum, the books are accessible, interactive and thought-provoking.
New titles
Human Growth and Development

An Introduction for Social Workers, 2nd Edition
John Sudbery and Andrew Whittaker
Counselling Skills for Social Workers

Hilda Loughran
Social Work and Integrated Care

Robin Miller
Communication and Interviewing Skills for Practice in Social Work, Counselling

and the Health Professions
Patricia Higham
Using Advocacy in Social Work Practice

A Guide for Students and Professionals
Peter Scourfield
Becoming a Social Worker, 3rd ed.

Viviene E. Cree
Mental Health Social Work in Context, 3rd ed.

Nick Gould
Social Work Practice with People with Dementia

Peter Scourfield
Social Work
A Reader, 2nd edition
Viviene E. Cree and Trish McCulloch
Social Work
A Reader
SECOND EDITION
Edited by Viviene E. Cree and

Trish McCulloch
Cover image: A Taste of DCA Red by Chloe Alexander, 2018 (© the artist,
courtesy of University of Dundee Museums)
Second edition published 2023
by Routledge
4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2023 selection and editorial matter, Viviene E. Cree and Trish McCulloch;
individual chapters, the contributors
The right of Viviene E. Cree and Trish McCulloch to be identified as the authors
of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has
been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs
and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or
utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now
known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any
information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the
publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered
trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent
to infringe.
First edition published by Routledge 2010
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN: 978-1-032-01455-5 (hbk)

ISBN: 978-1-032-01450-0 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003-17869-9 (ebk)
DOI: 10.4324/9781003178699
Typeset in Sabon
by codeMantra
Contents
List of figures ix
List of table x
List of contributors xi
Acknowledgements xvii
Introduction 1
Reading social work
TR ISH McCULLOCH AN D V I V IEN E E . CREE
PART I
The Profession of Social Work 9
Commentary One 10
1 Black history month: a provocation and a timeline 11

C H A R L O T T E W I L L I A M S A N D C L AU D I A B E R N A R D
2 But is it social work? 31

R ICH A R D H UGM A N
3 The politics of social work 37

I A I N F E RG U S O N
4 Changes in the form of knowledge in social work: from the ‘social’ to

the ‘informational’? 44
N I G E L PA RT O N
5 The quest for a universal social work: some issues and implications 50
M E L G R AY A N D J A N F O O K
6 The (r)evolution and decolonization of social work ethics: the global

social work statement of ethical principles 57
V I S H A N T H I E S E W PAU L A N D M A R K H E N R I C K S O N
vi Contents
7 Human rights practice: possibilities and pitfalls for developing
emancipatory social work 61
S A R A H C E M LY N
8 The impact of scandal and inquiries on social work and the personal
social services 68
R AY J O N E S
9 Social work in a risk society 74

ST EPHEN A. W EBB
10 Am I my brother’s keeper? 79
Z YG M U N T B AU M A N
11 Research from the underside 84

BOB HOLM A N
12 What is professional social work? 90

M A L C O L M PAY N E
13 The client speaks 94

M A RT I N DAV I E S
14 Service users and practitioners reunited: the key component for social
work reform 96
P E T E R B E R E S F O R D A N D S U Z Y C RO F T
PART II
Knowledge and Values for Social Work 103
Commentary Two 104
15 The sociological imagination 105

C . W R IGH T M ILLS
16 Reassessing attachment theory in child welfare 109

S U E W H I T E , M AT T H E W G I B S O N , DAV I D WA S T E L L A N D PAT R I C I A WA L S H
17 A critique of the adverse childhood experiences framework in

epidemiology and public health: uses and misuses 116
M I C H E L L E K E L LY- I RV I N G A N D C Y R I L L E D E L P I E R R E
18 Resilience: some conceptual considerations 122

M I C H A E L RU T T E R
Contents vii
19 A critical understanding of social work by Paolo Freire 128
M A R I LY N N M O C H
20 There is an alternative: homines curans and the limits of neoliberalism 132

J OA N T RO N T O
21 The social model of disability 137

M I K E OLI V ER
22 The relevance of Nancy Fraser for transformative social work education 141
D O RO T H E E H Ö L S C H E R , V I V I E N N E B O Z A L E K A N D M E L G R AY
23 Feminism for the 99% 148

C I N Z I A A R RU Z Z A , T I T H I B H AT TAC H A RYA A N D N A N C Y F R A S E R
24 Intersectionality’s definitional dilemmas 152

PAT R I C I A H I L L C O L L I N S
25 Learning to deliver LGBT+ aged care 159

T R ISH H A F FOR D -L ETC H F I E L D, A L FONSO PE Z Z E L L A , SA N DR A CON N E L L ,
M OJ C A U R E K , A N Ž E J U R Č E K , AG N E S H I G G I N S , B R I A N K E O G H ,
N I N A VA N D E VA A RT, I R M A R A B E L I N K , G E O RG E RO B O T H A M ,
E L I S A B U S , C H A R L O T T E B U I T E N K A M P A N D S A R A H L E W I S - B RO O K E
26 Towards practising social work law 165

S U Z Y B R AY E A N D M I C H A E L P R E S T O N - S H O O T
27 What are values and ethics? 170

C H R I S B E C K E T T, A N D R E W M AY N A R D A N D P E T E R J O R DA N
28 Green social work in theory and practice: a new environmental

paradigm for the profession 177
L E NA DOM I N E L L I
PART III
Practice in Social Work 183
Commentary Three 184
29 On the nature of practice 185

M ICH A EL W H A N
30 ‘Radical Social Work’ by Roy Bailey and Mike Brake: a classic text
revisited 190
S T E V E RO G OW S K I
viii Contents
31 The critical role of street level bureaucrats 194
M ICH A EL LI PSKY
32 Assessment in the twenty-first century 199

J U D I T H M I L N E R , S T E V E M Y E R S A N D PAT R I C K O ’ BY R N E
33 The significance of African-centered social work for social work practice 205
T R I C I A B E N T- G O O D L E Y, C O L I TA N I C H O L S FA I R FA X A N D
I R I S C A R LT O N - L A N E Y
34 Bridging the past and present to the future of crisis intervention and
crisis management 210
K E N N E T H R . Y E AG E R A N D A L B E RT R . RO B E RT S
35 The contemporary context of relationship-based practice 217

G I L L I A N RU C H
36 The ecological systems metaphor in Australasia 223

K I E R A N O’DONOGH U E A N D JA N E M A I DM E N T
37 The strengths perspective in social work practice: extensions and cautions 230
DEN N IS SA LEEBEY
38 Personalisation through participation: a new script for public services 236

C H A R L E S L E A D B E AT E R
39 Collaboration and partnership in context 240

COL I N W H I T T I NGTON
40 A review of Donald A. Schön’s, The Reflective Practitioner: How

Professionals Think in Action 247
M I C H A E L E M S L I E A N D RO B WAT T S
41 A casual kindness 253

T H E U N B O U N D C O M M U N I T Y W I T H PÁ D R A I G Ó T UA M A
Index 257
Figures
8.1 The blame tree 72

12.1 The three views of social work 91
27.1 Competing values 174
27.2 Competing values: the wider picture 175
28.1 The green social work model: a framework for practice 181
36.1 Ecomap of Matt’s current life 226
39.1 A continuum of service partnerships in social care and health 242
39.2 Organizational levels and areas of partnership and collaboration 243
39.3 A matrix of collaborative structures 243
Table
37.1 Comparison of Pathology and Strengths 231

Contributors
Cinzia Arruzza played a key role in Sinistra Critica in Italy before becoming Asso-
ciate Professor of Philosophy at the New School for Social Research, New York.
Zygmunt Bauman (1925–2017) was a Polish sociologist and philosopher. A social the-
orist, he wrote about modernity, postmodernity, the Holocaust and globalisation.
Chris Beckett is a qualified social worker who went on to teach in Anglia Ruskin
University in Cambridge and then at the University of East Anglia in Norwich. He
is now a full-time writer.
Tricia Bent-Goodley is a Professor Emeritus at Howard University School of Social
Work and a Graduate Professor of Public Health in the Graduate School. Her
writing has focused on domestic violence, HIV, African American, mental health
and women.
Peter Beresford is Emeritus Professor of Social Policy at Brunel University London
and was also the former Director of the Centre for Citizen Participation. His par-
ticular areas of focus are public, patient and service user involvement in policy and
practice.
Claudia Bernard is Professor of Social Work and Head of Postgraduate Research in
the Department of Social, Therapeutic and Community Studies at Goldsmiths,
University of London.
Tithi Bhattacharya is Associate Professor of History and the Director of Global Stud-
ies at Purdue University. She specialises in Modern South Asian History and writes
on colonialism, nation and class formation, gender and the politics of Islamophobia.
Vivienne Bozalek is Emerita Professor, Women’s and Gender Studies, at the Univer-
sity of the Western Cape. Her research and writing interests include teaching and
learning in higher education in South Africa, new technologies in education and
participatory learning.
Suzy Braye is Emerita Professor of Social Work at the University of Sussex where her
research has mainly been in the field of social work and the law, adult social care
provision and adult safeguarding.
Charlotte Buitenkamp is Project Co-ordinator at Stichting Nationaal Ouderenfonds
in the Netherlands.
xii Contributors
Elisa Bus is affiliated with Stichting Nationaal Ouderenfonds in the Netherlands.
Iris Carlton-LaNey is Professor Emerita at the University of North Carolina at Chapel
Hill. Her research interests include aging issues and African American social wel-
fare history.
Sarah Cemlyn is an honorary research fellow at the University of Bristol, specialising
in human rights, welfare, community development and social exclusion.
Patricia Hill Collins is a Distinguished University Professor of Sociology Emerita at
the University of Maryland. Her writing focuses on race, class and gender.
Sandra Connell is a Lecturer in Mental Health at Middlesex University.
Viviene E. Cree is Emerita Professor of Social Work at the University of Edinburgh,
currently involved in community action in rural Perthshire, as well as continuing
to write and research on the profession of social work.
Suzy Croft, until recently, worked as a senior social worker at St. John’s Palliative
Care Centre and Research Fellow at the Centre for Citizen Participation at Brunel
University.
Martin Davies is Emeritus Professor, School of Social Work at University of East
Anglia, and has published mainly on social work practice and social work research.
Cyrille Delpierre has been a research fellow within the EQUITY team at the Uni-
versity of Toulouse, France, since 2008. His areas of interest relate to the deter-
minants of health and to the analysis of the mechanisms of the genesis of social
inequalities in health, more particularly in the fields of HIV infection and cancer.
Lena Dominelli is Professor of Social Work at the University of Stirling. Her cur-
rent research interests include health pandemic, climate change, extreme weather
events and globalisation.
Michael Emslie is a Youth Work lecturer in the School of Global, Urban and Social
Studies, RMIT University, Australia where his research interests include how to
promote good practice in human service and, in particular, youth work.
Colita Nichols Fairfax has been a Professor at Norfolk State University for over
20 years. She describes herself as ‘a Social Justice African/African American Stud-
ies scholar who focuses on VIRGINIA!’
Iain Ferguson is Honorary Professor of Social Work and Social Policy at the Univer-
sity of the West of Scotland. His main areas of interest are neoliberalism and social
work.
Jan Fook is Professor, University Scholar and Chairperson in the Department of
Social Work, at the University of Vermont. She is widely recognised for her work
on critical social work, practice research and critical reflection.
Nancy Fraser is a philosopher, critical theorist, feminist and the Henry A. and Louise
Loeb Professor of Political and Social Science and Professor of Philosophy at The
New School in New York City.
Matthew Gibson is a Senior Lecturer at the University of Birmingham. His research
interests are related to emotions and professional practice.
Contributors xiii
Mel Gray is Emeritus Professor at the University of Newcastle, Australia. She has
published on social work theory and is acknowledged as a pioneer culturally rele-
vant social work education, research and practice.
Trish Hafford-Letchfield is Professor and Head of School of Social Work and Social
Policy at Strathclyde University. A qualified nurse and social worker, her research
explores the experiences of ageing in marginalised communities and is mostly
co-produced with people with lived experience.
Mark Henrickson is Professor of Social Work at Massey University, Aotearoa/New
Zealand. He has published on HIV prevention, care delivery and programme
design and evaluation.
Agnes Higgins is Professor in mental health nursing at Trinity College Dublin.
Bob Holman (1936–2016) was a Christian academic, author and researcher who
became Professor of Social Administration at the University of Bath. He left uni-
versity to become a community activist at the Southdown estate in Bath and then
at Rogerfield and Easterhouse in Glasgow.
Dorothee Hölscher is a social work lecturer in the School of Nursing, Midwifery &
Social Work at The University of Queensland and a research associate with the
Department of Social Work and Criminology at the University of Pretoria.
Richard Hugman is Emeritus Professor of Social Work in the School of Social Sciences
(SoSS) at the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, UNSW, Australia. His recent
research includes developing new approaches in ethics for the caring professions
and virtue ethics in social work.
Ray Jones was director of social services in Wiltshire. He was the first chief executive
of the Social Care Institute for Excellence and is now Emeritus Professor of Social
Work at Kingston University and St. George’s, University of London.
Peter Jordan is a Lecturer in Social Work at the University of East Anglia. His main
research interests are in ethics in professional life and interprofessional working,
and in the ways that newly qualified workers manage their entry into the profession.
Anže Jurček is a teaching assistant and researcher in the Faculty of Social Work at
University of Ljubljana.
Michelle Kelly-Irving is director of research at the Inserm and leads the EQUITY
research team at CERPOP, France. She has specialised in the field of life course
epidemiology where her focus is on the mechanisms and processes involved in the
production of health inequalities across the life course.
Brian Keogh is Associate Professor in the School of Nursing and Midwifery at Trinity
College Dublin.
Charles Leadbeater is a British author, journalist and former political adviser. He
currently works with entrepreneurs, governments and foundations on system
innovation.
Sarah Lewis-Brooke is Senior Lecturer in Social Work at Middlesex University.
Michael Lipsky is a Distinguished Senior Fellow at Demos, a public policy institution
based in New York.
xiv Contributors
Jane Maidment is Professor of Social Work at the University of Canterbury in Aotea-
roa/New Zealand. Her main areas of work have focused on practice education and
practice skills teaching and learning; ageing; using craft as a vehicle to promote
social connectedness well-being.
Andrew Maynard teaches social work at Anglia Ruskin University in Cambridge. His
major writing has been about values and ethics.
Trish McCulloch is Professor and Social Work Lead in the School of Education and
Social Work at the University of Dundee. Her research and knowledge exchange
activity straddles criminal justice and professional learning and is grounded in
ideas of voice, co-production and social justice.
Charles Wright Mills, born 1916, was an American sociologist and Professor of Soci-
ology at Columbia University, New York from 1946 until his death in 1962.
Judith Milner is a solution-focused practitioner, trainer, consultant and writer. Pre-
viously a lecturer in social work, she now acts as an independent expert, therapist
and consultant in child protection, domestic violence and sex offender cases.
Marilynn Moch is a translator with the Department of Social Services in New York
City.
Steve Myers was formerly Director of Social Sciences at the University of Salford. His
research and writing focuses on solution-focused practice, child protection and the
profession of social work.
Patrick O’Byrne is Professor of Nursing at the University of Ottawa. His research
and clinical work as a nurse practitioner focus on the prevention, diagnosis and
treatment of sexually transmitted infections, including HIV.
Kieran O’Donoghue is Head of School of Social Work at Massey University in
Aotearoa/New Zealand. His research interests include social work theory and
practice, social work supervision and the social work profession.
Mike Oliver (1945–2019) was a sociologist, author and disability rights activist. He
was the first Professor of Disability Studies in the world, based at the University of
Greenwich, and was a key advocate of the social model of disability.
Pádraig Ó Tuama is an Irish poet, theologian and conflict mediator.
Nigel Parton is Emeritus Professor of Social Work at the University of Hudders-
field. His writing and research explores child welfare, child protection and social
work.
Malcolm Payne is Emeritus Professor, Manchester Metropolitan University. He has
written on social work theory, palliative care, end-of-life care and social care.
Alfonso Pezzella is a Lecturer in Mental Health at Middlesex University.
Michael Preston-Shoot is Professor Emeritus at the University of Bedfordshire. His
writing and research focus on social work law, groupwork, professional accounta-
bility in social care, self-neglect and adult safe-guarding.
Irma Rabelink is a Manager at Consortium Beroepsonderwijs in the Netherlands.
Contributors xv
Albert R. Roberts (1944–2008) was a Rutgers University Professor who founded and
edited the journal Victims & Offenders. His work was influential across social
work, criminal justice and mental health theory and practice.
George Robotham was former Chair of Outhouse, LGBT Community Resource
Centre in Dublin.
Steve Rogowski is a qualified social worker and social work author. His work has
mainly been with children and families.
Gillian Ruch is Professor of Social Work in the Department of Social Work and Social
Care at the University of Sussex. She is best-known for her writing on relationships
in social work and psychosocial approaches.
Michael Rutter (1933–2021) was the first professor of child psychiatry in the UK,
based at the Institute of Psychiatry, King’s College London and consultant psychi-
atrist at the Maudsley Hospital, London.
Dennis Saleebey (1936–2014) was an American academic who championed strength-
based practice during his long tenure at the University of Kansas.
Vishanthie Sewpaul is a Senior Professor at University of KwaZulu Nata, Durban,
South Africa and President of the Association of Schools of Social Work in Africa.
Her main interests lie in social work education, research and practice.
Joan Tronto is Professor of Political Science in the College of Liberal Arts at the Uni-
versity of Minnesota and was previously professor of women’s studies and political
science at City University of New York. Her main concerns are political theories,
gender and the ethic of care.
Unbound, of Vox Liminis, is a creative community of people with diverse experience
of the criminal justice system.
Mojca Urek is Associate Professor in the Faculty of Social Work at University of Ljubljana.
Nina Van de Vaart is a Program Manager at Careyn in the Netherlands.
Patricia Walsh has retired from the School of Social Work and Social Policy at Trinity
College Dublin after 25 years as a social work academic.
David Wastell is Emeritus Professor in Information Systems at Nottingham Univer-
sity Business School. His areas of expertise include neuroscience and social policy,
information systems and public sector reform, design and innovation in the public
services, and safe systems in child protection.
Rob Watts is Professor of Social Policy at RMIT University, Australia, where he
teaches and writes about policy studies, politics, the history of ideas and applied
human rights.
Stephen A. Webb is Professor of Social Work and Assistant Vice Principal for Com-
munity and Public Engagement at Glasgow Caledonian University. His main areas
include critical theory, risk and inter-disciplinary social sciences.
Michael Whan, at the time of writing this article, was a social worker based at the
Watford Child and Family Psychiatry Clinic, London.
xvi Contributors
Sue White is Emeritus Professor of Social Work in the Department of Sociological
Studies at the University of Sheffield. She has researched and written on child pro-
tection, on neuroscience and epigenetics in child and family welfare policy and on
socio-technical systems design.
Colin Whittington has provided independent consultancy and research since 2000
and now works part-time on selected projects. He was Visiting Professor at the
University of Greenwich from 2012 to 2021.
Charlotte Williams held leadership roles at RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia,
before returning to Wales to become Honorary Professor in the School of History,
Philosophy and Social Sciences, Bangor University, Wales.
Kenneth R. Yeager is the Director of Quality and Operational Improvement for The
Ohio State University Harding Hospital, Administrative Director of The OSU
Harding Hospital Outpatient Psychiatric Clinics and Clinical Associate Professor
in the Department of Psychiatry, The Ohio State University.
Acknowledgements
We would like to thank all the people who made this book possible: first, the team
at Routledge (including Claire Jarvis, who invited Viv to submit a proposal for a sec-
ond edition and Sully Evans who was responsible for arranging all permissions from
publishers); second, our colleagues, partners and students at the Universities of Edin-
burgh and Dundee for sharing their suggestions for chapters and their insight along
the way; third, the librarians at both universities (Caroline Stirling at The University
of Edinburgh and the Digitisation team at University of Dundee) for their technical
help in reproducing some of the extracts; and last but by no means least, the members
of the Social Work Society at the University of Birmingham for sharing their reading
list for decolonising the social work curriculum.
The editors and publishers would like to thank the following authors and publishers
for permissions to reprint their material:
Chapter 1: Bristol University Press for permission to reprint Charlotte Williams
and Claudia Bernard, Black History Month: a provocation and a timeline. In Critical
and Radical Social Work 6(3) pp.387–406 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1332/2049860
18X15421187371408.
Chapter 2: Oxford University Press for permission to reprint Richard Hugman, But
is it social work? in British Journal of Social Work 39 pp.1138–53 (2009). https://doi.
org/10.1093/bjsw/bcm158.
Chapter 3: SAGE Publications for permission to reprint Iain Ferguson, The politics
of social work in M. Gray, J. Midgley and S. Webb (eds) The SAGE Handbook of
Social Work, pp.740–754 (2012). ISBN: 978–1849207515.
Chapter 4: Oxford University Press for permission to reprint Nigel Parton, Changes
in the Form of Knowledge in Social Work: From the ‘Social’ to the ‘Informational’? in
British Journal of Social Work, 38 (2): 253–69 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/
bcl337.
Chapter 5: Taylor &Francis for permission to reprint Mel Gray and Jan Fook, The
quest for a universal social work in Social Work Education 23(5): 625–44. (2004)
DOI: 10.1080/0261547042000252334.
Chapter 6: SAGE Journals for permission to reprint Vishanthie Sewpaul and Mark
Henrickson, The (r)evolution and decolonization of social work ethics: The Global
Social Work Statement of Ethical Principles. in International Social Work 62(6):
1469–81. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020872819846238.
xviii Acknowledgements
Chapter 7: Taylor & Francis for permission to reprint Sara Cemlyn, Human rights
practice: possibilities and pitfalls for developing emancipatory social work, in Ethics
and Social Welfare 2(3) pp. 222–42. (2007). DOI: 10.1080/17496530802481714.
Chapter 8: Bristol University Press for permission to reprint Ray Jones, The impact
of scandal and inquiries on social work and the personal social services, in T. Bamford
and K. Bilton (eds) Social Work: Past, Present and Future pp.191–212 (2020). ISBN
978-1447356547.
Chapter 9: Palgrave/Macmillan for permission to reprint Stephen A. Webb, Social
work in a risk society: social and political perspectives. pp.1–22. (2006). ISBN:
9780333963616.
Chapter 10: Taylor & Francis for permission to reprint Zygmunt Bauman, Am I my
brother’s keeper? In European Journal of Social Work 3 (1) pp.5–11 (2000). https://
doi.org/10.1080/714052807.
Chapter 11: Oxford University Press for permission to reprint Bob Holman,
Research from the Underside in British Journal of Social Work 17 pp.669–83 (1987).
https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjsw.a055390.
Chapter 12: Bristol University Press for permission to reprint Malcolm Payne,
What is professional social work? Revised 2nd edition, pp.12–16 and p.21 (2006).
ISBN 978-1861347046.
Chapter 13: Taylor & Francis for permission to reprint Martin Davies, The Client
Speaks, in Practice. Social Work in Action 24(5) pp.341–42 (2012). https://doi.org/
10.1080/09503153.2012.725982.
Chapter 14: Oxford University Press for permission to reprint Peter Beresford and
Suzy Croft, Service users and practitioners reunited: the key component for social
work reform in The British Journal of Social Work 34(1) pp.53–68 (2004). https://
doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bch005.
Chapter 15: Oxford University Press for permission to reprint C. Wright Mills, The
Sociological Imagination, pp.5–7 and 8–11. (1959) LC Class: H61.M5 2000.
Chapter 16: Bristol University Press for permission to reprint Sue White, Matthew
Gibson, David Wastell and Patricia Walsh, Reassessing Attachment Theory in Child
Welfare pp.1–21 (2020). ISBN 978-1447336921.
Chapter 17: Cambridge University Press for permission to reprint Michelle Kelly-
Irving and Cyrille Delpierre, A critique of the adverse childhood experiences frame-
work in epidemiology and public health: Uses and misuses, in Social Policy and
Society 18(3) pp. 445–56 (2019). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474746419000101.
Chapter 18: Elsevier Publications for permission to reprint Michael Rutter, Resil-
ience: Some conceptual considerations in Journal of Adolescent Health 34 pp. 626–
31 (1993). ISSN 1054-139X.
Chapter 19: Penguin Books for permission to reprint Paulo Freire, Pedagogy of the
oppressed. pp.49; 54–56; 71–81 (1972).
Chapter 20: Bristol University Press for permission to reprint Joan Tronto, There is
an alternative: homines curans and the limits of neoliberalism. International Journal
of Care and Caring 1(1) pp.27–43 (2017). DOI: 10.1332/239788217X14866281687
583.
Chapter 21: Taylor & Francis for permission to reprint Mike Oliver, ‘The social
model of disability: thirty years on.’ Disability & Society 28(7) pp.1024–26 (2013)
DOI: 10.1080/09687599.2013.818773.
Acknowledgements xix
Chapter 22: Routledge for permission to reprint Dorothee Hölscher, Vivienne
Bozalek and Mel Gray, The relevance of Nancy Fraser for transformative social
work education. In Morley, C., Ablett, P., Noble, S. and Cowden, S. (eds) The Rou-
tledge Handbook of Critical Pedagogies for Social Work, pp.245–59 (2020) ISBN
9781032175386.
Chapter 23: Verso Books for permission to reprint Cinzia Arruzza, Tithi Bhat-
tacharya, and Nancy Fraser, Postface. In Feminism for the 99%, pp.60–85 (2019).
ISBN 9781788734424.
Chapter 24: Annual Reviews for permission to reprint Patricia Hill Collins, Inter-
sectionality’s definitional dilemmas. Annual Review of Sociology 41 pp.1–20. (2015).
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-soc-073014-112142.
Chapter 25: Cambridge University Press for permission to reprint Trish Hafford
Letchfield et al, Learning to deliver LGBT+ aged care. Exploring and documenting best
practices in professional and vocational education through the World Café method.
Ageing & Society pp.10–15 and 19–20. (2021) DOI: 10.1017/S0144686X21000611.
Chapter 26: Palgrave Macmillan for permission to reprint Suzy Braye and Michael
Preston-Shoot, Towards practising social work law. In Practising social work law, 4th
edition, pp.1–25 (2016). ISBN 978-1137560292.
Chapter 27: SAGE Publications for permission to reprint Chris Beckett, Andrew
Maynard and Peter Jordan What are values and ethics? In Values and ethics in social
work, 3rd edition, pp.3–18 (2017). ISBN: 9781473974814.
Chapter 28: Routledge for permission to reprint Lena Dominelli, Green social
work in theory and practice. In Lena Dominelli, Bala Raju Nikku and Hok Bun
Ku (eds) The Routledge handbook of green social work pp.9–20 (2018). https://doi.
org/10.4324/9781315183213.
Chapter 29: Oxford University Press for permission to reprint Michael Whan, On
the nature of practice. In The British Journal of Social Work 16(2), pp.243–50 (1986).
https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.bjsw.a055193.
Chapter 30: Edward Arnold Publishers for permission to reprint Roy Bailey and
Mike Brake, Contributions to a radical practice in social work. In Radical social
work and practice, pp.7–24. ISBN: 9780713162806.
Chapter 31: Russell Sage Foundation for permission to reprint Michael Lipsky, The
critical role of street-level bureaucrats. In Street-level bureaucracy: dilemmas of the
individual in public services, pp.3–5; 6–8; 9–12 (1980). ISBN: 9780871545442.
Chapter 32: Red Globe, Macmillan Publishers for permission to reprint Judith
Milner, Steve Myers and Patrick O’Byrne, Assessment in the 21st century. In Assess-
ment in social work, 5th edition, pp.1–18. (2020). ISBN: 978-1352009415.
Chapter 33: Brooks/Cole Publishers for permission to reprint Gerard Egan, The
communication skills of therapeutic dialogue. In The skilled helper. a problem-
management and opportunity-development approach to helping, 9th edition,
pp.131–150 (2010). ISBN: 9780495601890.
Chapter 34: Oxford University Press for permission to reprint Kenneth Yeager and
Albert R. Roberts, Bridging the past and present to the future of crisis intervention
and crisis management. In Crisis intervention handbook: assessment, treatment, and
research, 4th edition, pp.12–15 and 19–25 (2015). ISBN: 978-0190201050.
Chapter 35: Jessica Kingsley Publishers for permission to reprint Gillian Ruch, The
contemporary context of relationship-based practice. In Relationship-based social
xx Acknowledgements
work: getting to the heart of practice, 2nd edition (eds) Gillian Ruch, Danielle Turney
and Adrian Ward, pp.25–35 (2018). ISBN: 978-1785922534.
Chapter 36: Jessica Kingsley Publishers for permission to reprint Kieran
O’Donoghue and Jane Maidment, The ecological systems metaphor in Australasia. In
Mary Nash, Robyn Munford and Kieran O’Donoghue (eds) Social work theories in
action, pp.39–45 (2005). ISBN 978-1843102496.
Chapter 37: Oxford University Press for permission to reprint Dennis Saleebey, The
strengths perspective in social work practice: extensions and cautions. In Social Work
41(3) pp.297–304. (1996) https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/41.3.296.
Chapter 38: Demos for permission to reprint Charles Leadbeater, Personalisa-
tion through participation. A new script for public services. London: Demos (2004)
pp. 15–26. ISBN: 978-1841801223.
Chapter 39: Jessica Kingsley Publishers for permission to reprint Colin Whitting-
ton, Collaboration and partnership in context. In Jenny Weinstein, Colin Whittington
and Tony Leiba (eds) Collaboration in social work practice, London: Jessica Kingsley
Publisher pp.15–38. (2003). ISBN: 978-1843100928.
Chapter 40: Basic Books for permission to reprint Donald A. Schön, The reflective
practitioner. How professionals think in action, Basic Books, pp. 311–14; 320–23;
339–47 (1992, 2008). ISBN: 9780465068784.
Chapter 41: Tapsalteerie for permission to reprint The Unbound Community
with Pádraig Ó Tuama, A casual kindness, Tarland: Tapsalteerie (2002). ISBN:
9781916214866.
Introduction
Reading social work
Trish McCulloch and Viviene E. Cree
In this introduction, we outline the rationale, context and structure of this book,
which brings together a selection of key readings in social work across three sections:
The Profession of Social Work; Knowledge and Values for Social Work; and Practice
in Social Work. We begin by tracing the open, diverse and complex nature of social
work as a profession and academic discipline, and the implications of this for reading
and doing social work today. From here, we consider the rapidly changing contexts
in which social work is situated, as well as the destabilising and transforming effects
of recent social, political, economic, technological and environmental changes and
crises. We conclude with some reflexive observations about the opportunities and
challenges facing social work in the future.
Introducing social work

Social work is recognised globally as:
a practice-based profession and an academic discipline that promotes social

change and development, social cohesion, and the empowerment and liberation
of people. Principles of social justice, human rights, collective responsibility and
respect for diversities are central. …Underpinned by theories of social work,
social sciences, humanities and indigenous knowledges, social work engages peo-
ple and structures to address life challenges and enhance wellbeing (International
Federation of Social Workers, 2014).
Behind this important consensus is a practice, profession and academic discipline

characterised by open-endedness, diversity, complexity and conflict.
In part, social work’s open and diverse identity reflects the fact that it works with
people across the lifespan, with different social groups and communities, and across an
increasing number of contexts, countries and cultures (Baines et al, 2019; Longhofer
and Floersch, 2012). For example, it is reasonable to expect that social work with
children and families in the UK child protection system will look different from and
involve a different knowledge and skill set than, for example, that required to provide
practical help and assistance to individuals and communities responding to ecological
disaster in Haiti. Equally, social work is known to occupy a sometimes-ambiguous
position in terms of its service to the individual, society and state, a positionality that
often gives rise to questions and moral conflicts regarding whose interests, needs and
rights should take precedence in any given situation (Whan, 1986). Further, many
DOI: 10.4324/9781003178699-1
2 Trish McCulloch and Viviene E. Cree
observe that social work’s emphasis on understanding people, their experiences,
needs, rights and responsibilities ‘in context’, rather than in the detached and often
flat realm of theory, only adds to this indeterminacy; as does its emphasis, sometimes,
on relational, participatory and reflexive modes of practice. As Parton (1988) notes,
it is this insistence on social work as a fluid, dialogic and generative practice that has
been seen by some to undermine its claim to being a proper professional and intel-
lectual pursuit, that is, one able to point to its own bounded knowledge base and
research traditions. Relatedly, social work frequently finds itself subject to debate as
to whether it is principally a moral-practical activity, guided and governed by moral,
ethical and practical values, or a technical-rational one, governed by the systematic
application of science, reason and rational analysis (Webb, 2001).
Our view is that social work is rarely one thing, nor is it best served by attempts
to represent and reproduce it along binary and bounded lines (Flyvbjerg, 2006;
Collins, 2015). A foundational strength of social work is its commitment to working
‘with’ and ‘alongside’ people and communities rather than on them, an approach that
requires the construction of open, mutual and participatory relationships, where all
members are listening, learning and acting together. In this endeavour, knowledge
and practice must also be co-constructed, challenging conventional notions of profes-
sional knowledge and practice as an abstract or bounded enterprise (Gray, Holscher
and Bozalek, 2020). As Sheppard (2006) notes, far from being an intellectually light
or technical process, this kind of wisdom and practice requires a constant interplay
between enquiry, knowledge, values and action.
This Reader embraces social work on precisely these terms, as a practical, plural,
moral and intellectual endeavour. It recognises that social work is, at its heart, a
practical activity, that is, our capacity to know about social work, and how it works
best in any given situation, is made meaningful through the doing of social work and
through a constant interaction of the two, including through collaborative action,
learning and dialogue between practitioners, people who use social work services
and others (Beresford and Croft, 2004). Relatedly, it recognises social work as a thor-
oughly interdisciplinary discipline and practice, that is, one that draws upon a diverse
and developing body of knowledge as is relevant to its work with individuals, groups,
communities, societies and states, across countries, cultures and contexts. At the
same time, we recognise that social work’s open and fluid form can be challenging for
new readers and practitioners, and for those not so new, particularly as we navigate
post-modern territories of rising inequalities, risk, crisis and uncertainty (McGregor,
2019). Accepting these tensions, we do not promise here a definitive or complete
guide to social work; nor does this Reader offer a ‘how to’ of professional practice.
Rather, in this Reader, we invite you to enter the stimulating and challenging world
of social work through an edited collection of classic, key and contemporary writings.
Together, they demonstrate the breadth, ambition and restlessness of a profession that
refuses to give up on the notion that, together, we can change our world for good.
Aims of this book

Building on the internationally successful first edition published in 2011, this Reader
brings together some of the most important ideas, topics and perspectives that con-
tinue to shape social work as a modern and dynamic global phenomenon. Our aim
in doing so is to provide new and not so new social work students, practitioners,
Introduction: Reading social work 3
academics and partners with a rigorous introduction to what we consider to be some
of social work’s key ideas and writings. More than that, we hope that this Reader,
and the ideas and provocations within it, will both whet and nurture our appetite for
a life-long approach to social work practice as an interplay of thinking, learning and
doing.
In the above respects, there are important continuities between the first and sec-
ond editions of the Reader. In this second edition, we continue to give place to social
work’s classic texts, including the seminal work of C. Wright Mills, Mayer and
Timms, Paolo Freire and Brake and Bailey, for example. We want readers to discover
some of the foundational writing that have had such an influence on social work ideas
and practice over the years and to consider the significance of these works today. We
also give continued coverage to what we consider to be social work’s core topics,
although the reader will note that our selections here are almost entirely updated,
reflecting the dynamic nature of social work knowledge and practice and the impor-
tance of making room for new and diverse perspectives on a given topic. This second
edition also introduces some new topics, including identity, care, politics, justice and
intersectionality, for example, reflecting the important contributions and questions
arising from theory and practice in these areas and the naturally shifting tides of what
is important in any given time and space. This edition also seeks to include different
voices and perspectives, reflecting the value of diverse contributions and our individ-
ual and collective duty to both interrupt and undo social work’s continued colonising
structures and tendencies (Kleibl et al., 2020).
As with any collection of this nature, there are, of course, gaps and omissions.
Some of these reflect the limits of any collection. Others reflect the fact that the
documented world of social work ideas, knowledge and theory continues to be dom-
inated by white, able-bodied, cisgender, middle-class men and women located in the
minority world. As we note across this edition, we continue to grapple with these
challenges while taking up our mutual responsibilities for change. Acknowledging
these limitations, we stand by our aim to provide the reader with a compelling and
stimulating introduction to some of the most important ideas, perspectives and writ-
ing shaping social work theory and practice today. More than this, we hope to pro-
vide the reader with a foundation from which they can move confidently and humbly
through the diverse and demanding worlds of social work. In doing so, we invite you
the reader to co-construct a wider, richer and more practical body of knowledge from
which to act.
Context, crises and change

Before we proceed to set out the structure and contents of this book, let us take a
moment to consider the important contexts in which this second edition was produced.
For many, the last decade has been characterised by crisis: of democracy and the
economy, of the climate and poverty, in international relations and national iden-
tity, and of privacy and technology (Fraser, 2019; Beckett, 2019). Social, economic,
political and religious conflicts have raged across much of the world, including in
Afghanistan, Syria, Libya, Iraq, Ukraine and some African countries. This has led
to mass dislocation and movement of large numbers of displaced people across the
world, contributing to loss of life, extreme poverty, the erosion of national borders
and polarising debates regarding the erection of new ones. In the same period, we
have witnessed the rapid expansion of unrestricted market economies, while many
countries and citizens continue to navigate the impacts of the global financial crises
these markets have helped create (Arruzza, Bhattacharya and Fraser, 2019). Further,
these crises have disproportionately affected the most vulnerable citizens and commu-
nities, widened inequalities and given rise to political policies of acute austerity across
much of Europe (Ferguson, Ioakimidis and Lavalette, 2018). Meanwhile, the threat
and effects of climate change have become tangible for citizens across the world, as
a catalogue of natural disasters including typhoons, earthquakes, hurricanes, floods,
volcanic eruptions and wildfires have shaken nations and communities, with the
promise of more to come.
At the same time, the above crises have given rise to powerful new social move-
ments on a scale not seen since the 1960s, accelerated and amplified by significant
advances in digital technologies and associated processes of globalisation. Examples
include: the rise of #Me Too in 2006, the Occupy Wall Street movement of 2011, the
activism of Malala Yousafzai, the BlackLivesMatter movement of 2013, the interna-
tional feminist strikes of 2017 and 2018, the Orange Tide (Marea Narania) movement
in Spain and sustained global activism on issues of climate change (Dominelli, 2018).
While each of these movements has its own unique origins, each centres on issues of
inequality and social justice and has emphasised the power of the people instead of
the elite. As Beckett (2019) notes, they also bear the marks of an ‘impatient millenar-
ian quality’, that is, an expectation that momentous change is not only possible but
necessary and close at hand. This is a notable departure from, and powerful challenge
to, the liberal politics of change that have dominated across the minority world in
recent decades, which have mostly sought to effect change through centralised and
top down mechanisms and through modest and incremental means. As Arruzza et al.
(2019:4) observe, linking recent crises and movements to neoliberal capitalism, ‘the
contrast between these two visions of change could not be starker and has raised the
stakes for every social struggle’.
While these changes have unfolded, we have also experienced the local and global
impacts of the BlackLivesMatter movement. The killing of African-American George
Floyd by a police officer in Minneapolis in May 2020 led to protests against police
brutality and racism across the world, re-energising anti-racist movements and
impacting greatly on all our social, cultural, political and professional lives. The UK,
for example, has seen protests across the country about the slave-trade and its reper-
cussions; about racism in the media, sport and public services; and about the unfair
treatment of the so-called ‘Windrush generation’, to note just a few examples. There is
also a drive to ‘decolonise the curriculum’, across education broadly and social work
specifically, with renewed attention to ideas including ‘unconscious bias’, ‘power’,
‘privilege’ and ‘the global majority’, as well as associated critiques of Eurocentrism
and ‘Western’ values (Kleib, et al., 2020).
The book was also written under the enduring effects of the worldwide pandemic,
Covid-19. The World Health Organisation first reported cases of coronavirus in
Wuhan City, China, at the end of 2019, and by the end of January 2020, had declared
a global health emergency. Across the UK and much of Europe, the first so-called
lockdown in April that year involved the nationwide closure of schools, pubs, res-
taurants and gyms; a requirement to work from home and permission to leave home
only to buy essential food supplies and engage in daily exercise. Further lockdowns
of differing severity followed across Europe and internationally, as a vaccination
programme sought to contain the worst effects of the virus. At the time of writing,
Covid-19 continues to present a significant threat to lives, freedoms and well-being
and is contributing to sustained social and economic unrest, fear and uncertainty.
While the pandemic has underlined that all are affected by global change and cri-
ses, it has also made clear that some – the most vulnerable and disadvantaged in
societies – are affected more than others. As Whitehead, Taylor-Robinson and Barr
(2021) observe:
Covid-19 does not strike at random—mortality is much higher in elderly people,

poorer groups, and ethnic minorities, and its economic effect is also unevenly dis-
tributed across the population. The economic fallout is likely to be felt for years.
Without concerted preventive action worse off families and communities will be
disproportionately affected, increasing health inequalities in the UK and globally.
These contexts of change, crises and movements have greatly affected our approach to
constructing this second edition. While change is a familiar and even constant back-
drop for social work, the changes we are living through have been described as hav-
ing both a destabilising and transforming quality to them (McGregor, 2019; Fraser,
2019). Certainly, what and how we know about social work today is increasingly
being called into question, and what social work might be remains, we hope, ‘in the
making’ (Chilvers and Keanes, 2019). This destabilising space has created challenges
for us as editors. On the one hand, we have relished the opportunity to select from
and showcase the breadth, depth and contribution of social work as a local and global
profession, practice and discipline that many observe has ‘come of age’ in the last
30 years or so (Gray, Midgley and Webb, 2012). On the other, our celebration of
social work on these terms is tempered by our recognition of the enduring dominance
of a minority world view on developing accounts of social work knowledge and prac-
tice; of a sustained privileging, across the minority world at least, of regulatory and
ameliorative modes practice, and of our failure, to date, to meaningfully develop
social work’s identity as a genuinely co-productive discipline and practice (Ferguson
et al., 2018; Morley et al., 2020). Our essential dilemma has been how to represent
these dualities in a Reader that set out to bring together the brightest and best from
social work’s developing story. This is a square that cannot be circled; the onus is on
each of us, together, to bring about the changes we want to see.
Looking forward
Intersecting forces of globalisation; technological transformations; neoliberal capital-
ism; social, economic, political and ecological crises and associated movements for
change are contributing to a breaking down of what was and a remaking of what will
be (Fraser, 2019). How social work will evolve and emerge from these (r)evolutions
is yet to become clear. Most likely, social work will continue to find itself pushed and
pulled between what Beresford and Croft (2004) refer to as regulatory and liberatory
forms, albeit to differing degrees across countries, cultures and contexts (McGregor,
2019). Importantly, it is becoming increasingly clear that social work’s potential in
this destabilised and transforming space lies less in its capacity to resolve its innate
differences and dilemmas, and more in its capacity to recognise, embrace and act ethi-
cally within them (Bauman, 2000; Gallardo, 2014). As several chapters in this edition
make clear, social work is, at its best, an ‘and/ both’ endeavour. It is both a local and
a global practice (Gray and Fook, 2004); it must combine care, help and protection
at the level of the individual and work to redress the social and structural factors that
give rise to individual-level-social problems (Ferguson et al., 2018); it must find ways
of working with and within the system and fight for change of the system (Lipsky,
1980). Perhaps most critically, it must forge new forms of practice (and professional-
ism) that enable it to form alliances with rather than boundaries between itself and
the people it exists to serve.
Structure and contents

The Reader is structured across three sections. The first section introduces the reader
to key texts which are important in understanding social work as a developing pro-
fession. The second section presents a range of source material which introduces some
of the central knowledge and ideas in social work. Some of the selected extracts are
by sociologists, educationalists and political theorists who have made a significant
contribution to social work’s developing knowledge and value base. Others are writ-
ten by social work academics and practitioners. The final section of the book presents
excerpts related to practice, acknowledging from the outset that the division between
theory and practice is inevitably a false one, since each works together to make social
work theory and practice meaningful.
Some texts are short extracts, others longer, depending on the nature of the subject
being presented. In two instances, an article is republished in full. A brief commen-
tary introduces each of the three sections, providing an overview so that readers may
understand better the nature of the different texts in relation to one another and in
relation to the wider social work context. In addition, each text is prefaced by a short
introduction, and concludes with recommendations for further reading.
We hope that all our readers will take something new from this collection; it is our
privilege to share it with you.
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Social Work

• the profession of social work,

Human Growth and Development

Counselling Skills for Social Workers

Social Work and Integrated Care

Communication and Interviewing Skills for Practice in Social Work, Counselling

Using Advocacy in Social Work Practice

Becoming a Social Worker, 3rd ed.

Mental Health Social Work in Context, 3rd ed.

Social Work Practice with People with Dementia

Edited by Viviene E. Cree and

ISBN: 978-1-032-01455-5 (hbk)

1 Black history month: a provocation and a timeline 11

2 But is it social work? 31

3 The politics of social work 37

4 Changes in the form of knowledge in social work: from the ‘social’ to

6 The (r)evolution and decolonization of social work ethics: the global

9 Social work in a risk society 74

11 Research from the underside 84

12 What is professional social work? 90

13 The client speaks 94

Commentary Two 104

15 The sociological imagination 105

16 Reassessing attachment theory in child welfare 109

17 A critique of the adverse childhood experiences framework in

18 Resilience: some conceptual considerations 122

20 There is an alternative: homines curans and the limits of neoliberalism 132

21 The social model of disability 137

23 Feminism for the 99% 148

24 Intersectionality’s definitional dilemmas 152

25 Learning to deliver LGBT+ aged care 159

26 Towards practising social work law 165

27 What are values and ethics? 170

28 Green social work in theory and practice: a new environmental

Commentary Three 184

29 On the nature of practice 185

32 Assessment in the twenty-first century 199

35 The contemporary context of relationship-based practice 217

36 The ecological systems metaphor in Australasia 223

38 Personalisation through participation: a new script for public services 236

39 Collaboration and partnership in context 240

40 A review of Donald A. Schön’s, The Reflective Practitioner: How

41 A casual kindness 253

8.1 The blame tree 72

37.1 Comparison of Pathology and Strengths 231

Introducing social work

a practice-based profession and an academic discipline that promotes social

Behind this important consensus is a practice, profession and academic discipline

Aims of this book

Context, crises and change

Covid-19 does not strike at random—mortality is much higher in elderly people,

Structure and contents

But is it social work?

The politics of social work

The quest for a universal social work

The (r)evolution and decolonization of social work ethics

Social work in a risk society

Research from the underside

What is professional social work?

Service users and practitioners reunited

The sociological imagination

A critique of the adverse childhood experiences framework in epidemiology and

The social model of disability