Line (5) (20) ees di a Questions 1-10 Eas \ ——— jeseseessanaassetieneeeen The White tTouse, the official home of the United States president, was not built in time for George Washington to live in it. tt was begun in 1792 and was ready for its first inhabitants, Presiden and Mrs. John Adams, who Moved in on November. 1, 1800. When the Adamses moved in, the White. seine Ret et complete, andthe Adamaes sued ogy inconveniences; for example, the mata wana Wis incomplete, which hindered movement hors he floor and the future laundry yond Was merely a pool ‘of mud, so wet laundry was hung in the unfinished East Room to dry, Thomas 1. Which of the following would be the most 4 It can be inferred from the passage that ‘pproptiate title for this passage? John Adams was (A) George Washington's Life in'the (A) the first president of the United White House States (B) The Burning of the White House (B) the secona president of the United (©) The Early History ofthe White House States (D) Presidential Policies of i US, (C)_ the third presi tex.t of the United Presidents States : (D) the fourth president of the United 2. Why ddl George Washington NOT ive in States the White House? (A) had been burned bythe British 5. The author most likely discusses the (8) “He did not like the architectural Mine Sin order to features. (A) show the elegance of the new White (©) He did not want to suffer the House inconveniences that the Adamses had (B) explain the architectural features suffered. added by Jefferson (©) Construction had not yet been (©) demonstrate what had to be rebuilt - completed, after the fire {D) provide an example of an *. The word “inhabitants” in line 2 is closest inconvenience in the White House in meaning to (A) modifications 6 The word “hindered” in line 5 is closest in (B) moves meaning to ae (C) reéldents {A) obstructed (0) celebrations = B) teinforest (C). returned (D) favoreda al ee 2 The word “forces” in line 9 could best be replaced by (A) power (B) effort (©) military (D) energy According to the passage, which of the following best describes Thomas Jelferson's tenure in the White House? (A) He had to flee the White House because of the war with the British, “(B) He was accepting of the many inconveniences, (©) He removed the terraces that had been added by Adams. {D) He worked to improve the appearance and convenience of the White House. / According to the passage, when James Monroe came to the White House, it had been (A) repressed (B) reconstructed (C) relocated (D) reserved ‘The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses (A) modifications by presidents who followed (3) the details of the destruction of the White House by the British {C) James Monroe’ policies as president (P)_ other presidents who were unable te Occupy the White House PRACTICE TESTONE 33Questions 11-22 Algae is a conduct the growing Line pigment | 6) on such surfaces as rocks or trees. The varius light. "1. What isthe author's main purpose? (a) - @) 15, ‘To show what color algae is To differentiate the various Classifications of algae 7o describe where algae is found To clarify the appearance of the , different types of algae ‘O i) 12, Which of the algae? 7 (a) (B) ft (c) (0) following is NOT true about All types have.only one cell I can be found out of water, It cn use photosynthesis, Its not a relatively new form of life ‘The word “pigutent” in line 4 means (A) size (B) shape . (©) composition () color 18, The word “microscopic” in line 6 is closest in meaning io > “4 (A) mechanical ae (B) tiny (©) visual @) bacterial PRACTICE TEST ONE a a sess oF oe” of ite a single-celled or simple multiple‘celed organism that is able to sich sores eo vhesi, Is generally found in uates baa also be foun. id elsewhere, ‘ypes of algae are classified according to Teese ale, oF Canophyza, can grow a very high temperatures and under high-intensity Algae remnants found in Africa are (A) (B) © (D) still flourishing Photogenic extremely old red in color Green algae is generally found (A) on the ocean floor {B) on top of the water (©) throughout ponds and lakes (D) surrounding enclosed bodies of water The word “coating” inline 10 could best be replaced by (ay (B) © @) clothing covering warnith sweater Brown algae would most likely be found (A) ontrees (B) near green algae (© onrocks (D) in the ocean a)CC 19, 20. The word “stalks” in line 15 is closest in 21. meaning to (A) stems (B) leaves (©) flowers (D) branches Accorcling to the passage, red algae is 22, (a) sturay (B) huge (C), fragile (P)" found in shallow water it can be inferred from the passage that limestone deposits serve as the basis of (A) coral reefs (B) red algae (©) subtropical seawater (D) secret passages This passage would most probably be assigned reading in a course on (A) chemistry (B). physics (©) botany (D) zoology ‘ t PRACTICE TEST ONE 359457443535337: Questions 23-31 Niegara Falls, one of the most famous North American natural wonders, has Jong been a popular sree cestination, Tourists today lock to see the two, falls that actually constivare Niagara Falis: the oriifoot high Horseshoe Fallson the Canadian side ofthe Niagara River in ha Game provifice of 21S ptario and the 182-foot-high American Falls on the U.S, side ofthe river In thea ct ho York. (5) Approximately 85 percent of the water that goes over the falls actually goes over Horseshoe Falls, with (10) (13) ceeated Queen Vietoria Park on the Canadian side of the Niagara, around Horechoc talk With the Ares Sabrounding the falls under the jurisdiction of government agencies, appropriate steps could be taken to preserve the pristine beauty of the area, 23, What is the major point that the author is 25, According to the passage, which of the making in this passage? following best describes Niagara Falls? (A) Niagara Falls can be viewed from (A) Niagara Falls consists of two rivers, either the American side or the one Canadian and the other Canadian side, American, (B) A wip to the US. isn't complete (B) American Falls is considerably higher without a visit to Niagara Falls, than Horseshoe Falls. (C) Niagara Falls has had an interesting (C) The Niagara River has two falls, one history. in Canada and one in the U.S. (D) Ithas been necessary to protect (D) Although the Niagara River flows Nidgara Falls from the many through the U.S, and Canada, the i tourists who go there. falls are only in the U.S. 24, The word "flock" in line 2 could best be 26. A “steamer” in line 7 is probably replaced by lacean (A) come by plane (B) aboat (B) come in large numbers (©) d walkway (©) come out of boredom (D) apark (D) come without knowing what they will see , 36 PRACTICE TEST ONE543434303434. 27. 28, 29, The expression “right up" in line 8 could best be replaced by (A) turn to the right {B) follow correct procedures (C) travel upstream (D) all the way up ‘The passage implies that tourists prefer to (A) visit Niagara Falls during warmer weather (B) see the falls from a great distance (C) take a ride over the falls (D) come to Niagara Falls fora winter vacation According to the passage, why was Niagara Park created? (A) To encourage tourists to visit Niagara Falls (B) To show off the natural beauty of Niagara Falls (C)_ To protect the area around Niagara Falls (D) To force Canada to-open Queen Victoria Park 30. The word “pristine” in line 17 is closest in meaning to (A) pure and natural (B) highly developed (C) well-regulated (D) overused 31. The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses (A) additional ways to observe the falls (B) steps taken by government agencies to protect the falls (C)_adetailed description of the division of the falls between the U.S, and Canada (D) further problems that are destroying the area around the falls PRACTICE TEST ONE 37B38 38s Questions 32-41 Herman Melville, an American author best known today for his novel Moby Dick, was actually ore popular during his lifetime for some of his other works. He traveled extensively and used che Aacwledge gained during his travels asthe basis for his early novels In 1837, atthe age of eighteen, 32. The main subject of the passage is 35, The word "basis" in line 5 is closest in : (A) Melville's travels pee (B) the popularity of Melville's novels 1A) foundation (C) Melville's personal background (8) message z (D). Moby Dick (©) bottom (D) theme , 33. According to the passage, Melville's early novels were z 36. The passage implies that Melville stayed in (A) published while he was traveling ne eras : (B) completely fictional (A) he had unofficially left his ship i (C) all about his work on whaling ships (B) he was on leave while his ship was in 7 (Dy based on his travels port (C)_he had finished his term of duty | 34. In what year did Melville's book bout his (D) he had received permission to take a ! experiences as a cabin boy appear? vacation in Tabiti : fied 37. A “frigate” inline 8 is probably ; (©) 1847 (A) an office (p) 1849 (B) a ship 3 7 (©) a troop : ©) atain (| PRACTICE TEST ONES03 7503 AoA AS 38. 39. ‘The expression “a strong and loyal 40. following” in lines 11-12 could best be replaced by (A) anending (B) a resolution (C)_ results (D) fans 41 How did the publication of Moby Dick ' affect Melville's popularity? (A) His popularity increased immediately. (B) Ithad no effect on his popularity. (©) Itcaused his popularity to decrease, (D) His'popularity remained as strong as ever According to the passage, Moby Dick is (A) a romantic adventure {B) asingle-faceted work {C)ashort story about a whale {D) symbolic of humanity fighting the environment ‘The word “metamorphosis” in line 15 is closest in meaning to (A) circle (B) change (©) mysticism (D) descent - PRACTICE TEST ONE 39Line (6) (0) 40 343434343434343 Questions 42-50 ‘The Works Progress Administration (WPA) was formed in 1935 during the height of the Great Depression as part of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt's New Deal package to bring the economy around and provide relief for the millions of unemployed throughout the country; the goal of the Program was to maintain peoples’ skills and respect by providing work to as many as possible during this petiod of massive unemployment. For the eight years that the WPA was in existence from 1935 to 1943, the WPA was responsible for providing jobs to approximately eight million people at a cost of more than eleven billion dollars. One of the more controversial programs of the WPA was the Federal Arts Project, a program to employ artists full-time at such tasks as painting murals in libraries, theaters, train stations, and airports; teaching various techniques of art; and preparing a comprehensive study of American crafts, Criticism of the program centered on what wes perceived as the frivolity of supporting the arts at a time when millions were starving, industry was sagging, farms were barren, and all that could flourish were bankruptcy courts and soup kitchens. 42, This passage mainly discusses + 46, The word “controversial” in line 8 is closest (A) the Great Depression See (B) the benefits of Franklin'Delano (a) disputed Roosevelt's New Deal (B) successful (©) the New Deal and one of its, (©) creative : controversies (D) comprehensive (D) bankruptcy courts and soup kitchens 47, All the following probably helped to make 43, The word “package” in line 2 could best be the Federal Arts Project controversial replaced by EXCEPT that (A) carton (A) the Federal Arts Project employed (B) secret gift many who would otherwise have (C)_ box been out of work (D) bundle of related items (B) train stations and airports were ; decorated with murals 44, According to the passage, the stated (C)_ the Federal Arts Project commissioned art works purpose of the, WPA was to (D) a tremendous study of American (A) create new American masterpieces 2 (B) raise the standard of American art cree Peoauced, (©) imroduée new art techniques tothe. 4g, The expression “centered on” inline 11 srican public pee (Oh) roe ieee could best be replaced by (A) encircled 45, The word “massive” in line 5 is closest in (B) located on meaning to AC) focused on (A) tremendous (D) surrounded (B) rocky (©) clustered (D) dangerous PRACTICE TEST ONEout n 3434343A3A34343 49. When the author states that "all that 50. Where in the passage does the author give could flourish were bankruptey courts and + examples of artistic jobs? Soup litchens,”he or she probably means Cay cides ce (B) Lines 57 (A) "banks and restaurants did well ducing (©) Lines 8-10 the Depression (D) Lines 11-13 (B) the poor could not afford to use banks or eat soup e {C)_ the only organizations to thrive were those that dealt with the poor (D) many restaurants declared bankruptcy during the Depression This is the end of Section 3. CQOCMOQO i you finish in less than 55 minutes, check your work on Section 3 only. Do NOT read or work on any other section of the test. \ PRACTICE TEST ONE 417 S75 35a 1 Questions 1-9 Semnuel Morse accomplished something that is rarely accomplished; he achieved fame and success Une ciidely difteing ateas. Throughout his youth he studied att, and after graduating from Yale ilversity he went om to London in 1811, where his early artistic eedensece with acclaim. In Line (9) paintings Phe Dying Hercules and The Judgement of lupter wore coeccet for exhibit by the Royal Aralery. Later in life, after returning to America, Morse became inown fect Portraits. His portraits ofthe Marquis de Lafayette are on exhibit in the New York City Hall wed the New York Public Library Ji addition to his atistic accomplishments, Morse i also well known fer he work developing {he telegraph and what is knowin as Morse Code. He first had the idea of trying to develop the telegraph (10) In 1832, on board a ship returning to America from Europe Mrcoe eleven long years of ridicule by his Maus, disinterest by the public, and a shortage of funds before Congress finally allocated $30,000 painGtse for his project. With these funds, Morse hung a telegraph line fens Washington, D.C, to. Baltimore, snd on May 24, 1844, a message in the dts and desis of Mone Code was successfully twansmited 1. Which of the following is the best topic 4. The word “acclaim” in line 3:is closest in of this passage? meaning to (A) Samuel Morse’s artistic talents (A) amusement # (B) The use of Morse Code in art {B) disinterest (C) The invention of the telegraph (C) praise (D) Samuel Morse’s varied successes () sorrow : 2. The word “rarely” in line 1 is closest in 5. According to the passage, Morse won a meaning to which of the following? Prize for which of the following works? (A) Never (A) A statue of Hercules (3) Seldom (B) The Dying Hercules (C) Usually (C)_ The Judgement of Jupiter {D) Sometimes (D) A portrait of Lafayette 3. According to the passage, in his early 6. The word “accomplishments” in line 8 is > life, Morse concentrated on preparing closest in meaning to wl he following careers? for which of the following careers (A) disasters (A) Accareer as an inventor (B) sensitivities (B) Acareer as an artist, (C) desires (C)_Acareer as a telegraph operator (D) achievernents (D) Acareer developing Morse Code 56 PRACTICE TEST TWo.7. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as_a problem encountered by Morse in developing the telegraph? (A) His coworkers laughed at him. (B) The public was not interested in what he was doing, f (©) Re-suffered numerous mechanical problems, (D) He did not have énough money. : 8. The expression “dots and dashes" in line 13 | could best be replaced by which of the following? . (A). Short sounds and long sounds | (B) Circles and segments {C) Points and lines (D) Ups and downs 343434303430343 9. It's implied in the passage that the lopment of the telegraph (A) ° took place instantaneously (8) vas more difficult for Morse than his artistic achievements (©) was. project that Morse often gave up on (D) was an idea that was really developed by someone else fsovoneiernce] PRACTICE TESTTWO 57ga Questions 10-20 3034343 Mount Rushmore is a well-known monument in the Black Hills of South Dakota that features the Line one. countenances of four’. S: presidents: Washington, Jefferson, Roosevelt, and Lincatn. What is not so well known is that the process of creating this national treasure was not exactly an uneventful (5) + Mount Rushmore was the project of the visionary sculptor John Gutzen de la Mothe Borglurn, who was born in Idaho but studied sculpture in Paris in his youth and befriended the famous French soulptor Auguste Rodin. In 1927 Borghutn was granted a comsnission by the federal government to create the sculpture on Mount Rushmore. Though he was nearly sixty years old when he started, he was undaunted by the.eriormity of the project and the obstacles that it engendered, He optimistically * (10) asserted that the project would be completed within five years, not caring to recognize the potential problems that such a massive project would involve, the problems of dealing with financing, with be government bureaucracy, and with Mother Nature herself, An exarhple of what Mother Nature.had to throw at the project was the fissure that developed in the granite where Jefferson was being carved, Jefferson had to be moved to the other side of Washington, next to Roosevelt, because of the break in (15) the stone. The work that had been started on the first Jefferson had to be dynamited away. Mount Rushmore was not completed within the five years. predicted by Borglum and was in fact not actually completed wit Borglun’s lifetime, alihough it was almost Binished. Borglum died on March 6, 1941, at the age of seventy-four, after fourteen years of work on the piesidents. His son, (20) within eight months of his father’s death 10. Which of the following best expresses the tain idea of the passage? (A) Mount Rushmore was a huge project fillect with numerous obstacles. (B) Mount Rushmore is ¢ famous = ‘American monument, (©) Mount Rushmore has sculptures of 7 four U.S, presidents on it. (D) John Gutzen de la Mothe Borglum created Mount Rushmore 11. The word “countenances” in line 2 could best be replaced by : (A) museums ~ ) faces 7 (© graves (D) relatives 58 PRACTICE TEST TWO. Lincoln Borglum, who had worked with his father throughout the project; completed the monument 12, Which of the following best describes the relationship between Borglum and Rodin in Borglum’s early years? (A) Borglum studied about Rodin in Paris (B) Borglum was far more famous than Rodin as a sculptor. (©) Borglum and Rodin were born and raised in the same place. SP) Borglum and Rodin were friends. 13, ‘The word “nearly” in line 8 could hest be replaced by which of the following? (A) Over (B) Closely Almost 40) ay aaa343434343434343 14, Which of the following is NOT true about 18, Borglum? (A) He began Mount Rushmore around the age of sixty. » (B) _ He predicted that Mount Rushmore ¢ would be finished around 1932. $2) Mount Rushmore was finished when Borglurn predicted it would be 19, (D) Berglum worked on Mount , Rushmore for more than a decade, 15, Itcan be inferred from the passage that Borglum was somedne who JA) expected the best to happen (B) set realistic goals (©) never tried anything too challenging (D) was always afraid that bad things ‘were going to happen 7 16, A “fissure” in line 13 isa 20. (A). discoloration UB) crack * (©) unevenness (D) softness 17. Why does the author mention the fact that, the carving of Thomas Jefferson wes moved? (A) It shows what a perfectionist Borglum was. (B) It demonstrates Borglum’s artistic style (©) It gives insight into Jefferson's character. (UD) Ikisan example of a problem caused by nature. The pronoun “it” in line 17 refers to which of the following? (A) The first Jefferson (B) Mount Rushmore (©) Borglum’s lifetime (D) Fourteen years of work Which of the following is closest in meaning to the expression “within eight months of his father’s death” in line 20? (A) More than eight months before his father’s death (B) Less than eight months before his father’s death (C)_ Less than eight months after his father's death (D) More than eight months after his father’s death ! Where in the passage does the author mention when the Mount Rushmore project got started? (A) Lines 1-4 (B) Lines 7-8 (C), Hines 9-12 (D)" Lines 17-18 ta PRACTICE TESTTWO 59Line (5) (10) as) 60 BN) cn Questions 21-30 things on Earth. Since a radioactive substance such as earbon-id has a known halflife, the amocat of carbon-14 remaining in an object can be used to date that object, Carbon-14 has a halflife of 5,570 years, which means that after that number of years half of the carbon-14 atoms have decayed into nitrogen 14, It isthe ratio of catbon-L4 to nitrogen 18 nice Substance that indicates the age ofthe substance, If, for exampe, ina particilar sample the smut of catbon-14 is roughly equivalent to the amount of nitrogen-14, this indicates that roughly halt te carbon-14 has decayed into nitrogen-14, and the sample is approximately 5,570 yearc ole Carbon dating cannot be used effectively in dating objects that are older than 80,000 years, When objects are that old, much of the carbon-14 has already decayed into nitrogen-i4, and the samececte fasiount that is left does not provide a reliable measurement of age. In the ease of older objects othce age-dating methods are available, methods which use radioactive atoms with longer halfnves rhe carbon has. te 21, This passage is mainly about 25. The word “underlying" in line 3 could best (A) . the differences between carbon-14 be replaced by and nitrogen-14 (A) . below (B) one method of dating old objecrs (B) requiting (©) archeology and the study of ancient (C)_ being studied through artifacts (D) serving as a basis for (D) various uses for carbon ; . 26, It-can be inferved from the passage that if 22, The word “estimate” in line { is closest in an item contains more carbon-I4 than meaning to nitrogen-[4, then the item is (A) understand (A) t00 old’ be age-dated with (B) hide carbon-14 (©) rate (B) not as much as 5,570 years old ©) approximate (C) 00 radioactive to be used by archeologists 23, The pronoun “it” in line refers to (D) more than 5,570 years old fpeceatien Sen 27. The expression “roughly equivalent” in line (©) any organic natural materia 9 could best be replaced by (D) archeology (A) exactly the same (B) similar in all respects 24, Which of the following is NOT true about (C) rather ambivalent carbon-14? (D) approximately equal (A) Ibis radioactive : . B) ts halflife is more than 5,000 years. (©) and nitrogen always exist in equal amounts in any substance. : (D) Iean decay into nitrogen-L4 osu PRACTICE TEST Twowi ood wd Z3AZAZA3 A343 4343 28, 29. 30. The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses (A) how carbon-14 decays into nitrogen-1 ‘The expression “is left" in line 13 could best be replaced by (A) remains (B) has disappeared (B) various other age-dating methods (©) changes i (©) why carbon-14 has such a long halflife : {D) what Substances are part of all living (D) isgone : It is implied in the passage that things (A) carbon dating could not be used on an item containing nitrogen (B) fossils cannot be age-dated using carbon-14 (C)_carbon-14 does not have the longest known half-life ny (D) carbon dating has no known uses. outside oF archeology fesooncrerce PRACTICE TESTTWO 61a 62 3 AZ A3A3AZ3BA3Z A343 Q fu 3L 32, 33, uestions 31-39 : In the beginning of the nineteenth century, the American educational system was desperately in need of reform. Private schools existed, but only for the very rich, and there were very few public schools because of the strong sentiment that children who would grow up to be laborers should not Line "waste" their time on-education but should instead prepare themselves for their life's work. It was in (5) the face of this public sentiment that educational reformers set about their task. Horace Mann, probably the most famous of the reformers, felt that there was no excuse in a republic for any citizen to be uneducated. As Superintendent of Education in the state of Massachusetts from 1837 to 1848, he initiated various charges, which were soon matched in other school districts around the country. He extended the school year from fiye to six months and improved the quality of teachers by instituting (10) teacher education and raising teacher Salaries. Although these changes did not bring about a sudden improvement in the educational system, they at least increased public awareness as to the need for a rther strengthening of the system, Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the passage? (A) A Fight for Change (B) Nineteenth-Century Reform (C) American Education (D) The Beginnings of Reform in ‘American Education {tis implied in the passage that to go toa private school, a student needed, (A) a high level of intelligence (B) a strong educational background (©) good grades (D) alot of money ‘The word “sentiment” in line 3 is closest in meaning to (A) action (B) opinion (Q) sensation (D) disagreement PRACTICE TEST TWO. 34, the word “waste” in line 4 punctuated in this manner? (A) The author wants to emphasize how much time was wasted on education, (B) The author is quoting someone else who said that education was a waste of time, (©) The author thinks that education is ~not really a waste of time, (D)_ The author does not want students to waste their time on education. What are “reformers” in line 5? (A) People who try to change things for the better (B) People who really enjoy teaching (C)_ People who believe that education is wasted {D) People who work for the government COMO502 333 a 36, According to the passage, why did Horace Mann want a better educational system for Americans? (A) Education at the time was so cheap (8) Ina republic, all citizens should be educated (©) People had nothing else to do except 0 to school. {D) Massachusetts residents needed something to do with their spare time 37. The word “initiated” in line 8 is closest in meaning to “@) (B) © (©) regretted broadened overturned started 38, 39, ‘The word “matched” in line 8 could best be replaced by (A) observed {B) equaled (©) fitted (D) bunt According to the passage, which of the. following is a change that Horace Mann instituted? (a) (2) Better teacher training Increased pay for students (C)_ The five-month school year (D) The matching of other districts’ policies \ PRACTICE TESTTWO 63- bine (5) (0) us} 64 343434343434343 Questions 40-50 i Im 1969, the Apollo 11 astronauts made their historia landing on the surface of the Moon, This mojnentous hip for humanity also provided scientists with an abundance of material for study, from K and soil samples brought back from the Moon, scientists have been able to determine much sbout the composition of the Moon as well as to draw inferences about the development of the Moon fron; he composition. The Moon soil that came back on Apollo I contains small bits of rock and glass which were probably ground from larger rocks when meteors impacted with the surface of the Moon, The tive of slass ate spherical in shape and constitute approximately half of the Moon soil. Seienti: ford we ttace of animal or plant life in this soil. In addition to the Moon soil, astronauts gathered two basic types of rocks from the surface of the Moon: basalt and breccia, Basalt is a cooled and hardened volcanic lava common to the Earth Since basalt is formed under extremely high temperatures, the presence of this type of rock is an ninnrioa tint the temperature of the Moon was once extremely hot. Breccia, the pther kind of rock brosht cock cond pe of rock consists of small pieces of rock compressed together by the orce of impact. Gases, Sant Carried tothe Moon by the solar wind, the streams of gases that are constantly emitted by the Sun, 40. Which of the following would be the most. 43, The word “spherical” in line 8 is closest in appropriate title for this passage? meaning to (A) The Apollo Astronauts (A) earthen (B) Soil on the Moon (B) circular (©) What the Moon Is Made Of (C) angular (D) Basalt and Breccia (D) amorphous 41, An “abundance” in line 2is 44. Which of the following was NOT brought (4) adisorderty pile back to the Earth by the astronauts? (B) a wealthy buach (A) Basalt (C) an insignificant proportion . ®) Soil () alarge amount (C) Breccia : (D) Plant lite 42, According to the passage, what does Moon soil consist of? 45. An “indication” in line 12 is (A) Hydrogen and helium (A) an exhibition (B) Large chunks of volcanic lave B) aclu (C) Tiny pieces of stones and glass (©) adenial , {D) Streams of gases (D) adictate PRACTICE TEST TWO.wet ‘ ZAZAZA3ZA3A34343 46, According toshe passage, breccia was, formed {h) stem dbjects struck the Moon {B) From voleante lav, {© when streams of gases hit the surface ‘of the Noon (D) fromthe imeraction of helium and hydrous 47. It is implied in the passage that scientists believe that the gases found Inthe Moon rocks (a) ieee nokorigiall rom the Moon = _(B). swere'created friside the tocks °* {@) aveled from the Moon tothe San {D)_enused the Moons temperature 10 fee 48, The-word "emitted" in line 17 is closest jn meanibgte.: .° (a) setof (8), vaporized (0) . sent out (Dy separa 149, -The author's purpose in this passage is to ia). desertbe Some otk apd soil samples (a SSpiain dome ofthe things learned from space flights: (0). propose a new theoryaboat the: 07 Criahon ofthe Moons (0) “demonstrate the difference bepyern® basalt and breccia 50, Ttean be inferred froth the passage that (A) the only items of importance that ‘stronaluts brought back from the Moon were ck a sol samples (ay = seleatags beans ane yitle from The Moot fock and soil sammbles rie (C) scientists do not believe that itis recessary forenuin.to the Moon rock and soil samples were only some ‘ola myriad of significant ters fromm the Moon be) tion oN My z 10. ) § 155 Q ‘This js the end of Section’. OQQMOOS it you finish in less than 55 minutes, ‘heck your De NOT read or work on work on Section 3 only. any other section of the test. PRACTICE TEST TWO 65J 80 O73 3 8 Questions 1-11 Sharpshooter Annie Oakley is a mainstay in the folklore of the Old West, Born Phoebe Ann Moses in 1860, Annie learned to shoot at a very young age out of necessity: she hunted for birds and small game animals to help feed her family and to make some extra money by supplying the local hotel restaurant with her catch, She soon became known for her excellent marksmanship end began’ téking part in shoring competitions at a very'young age. It was rather unusual for a young girl not only to take part in such competitions but to win over alder, more experienced male competitors. At the age of fifteen, she defeated Frank Butler, a professional marksman, in 8 competition, She and Butler were married a year later, and together they took part in shooting exhibitions, In 1885, they joined probably tie most famous of all western shows, Buffalo Bill's Wild West touring show. As part of their act, Annie shot a cigarette out of her husbands mouth; Frank Butler’ participation in this part of the act éleatly demonstrated his faith in his wife's shooting ability, Annie also accepted volunteers from the audience to take part in her act, and on one occasion, while touring Europe, she even shot a cigareite out of the mouth of Crown Prince Withelm of Germany, 1. Which of the following is closest in 4, The word “marksmanship” in line 4 meaning to “folklore” in line 1? . indicates (A) Traditional stories * (A) competitiveness (B) Western stories (B) ability to earn money (C) Children’s stories (©) ability witha gun (D) Cowboy stories : 7 (D) attitude about work The passage indicates that 5. How was the young Annie different from (A) the name Annie Oakley was given to other girls her age? her at birth (A) She used a boy’s name. (B) Annie changed her name to Phoebe at (B) She worked in a local hotel. a young age (C)_ She married at a much younger age (C)_ the name Phoebe Ann Moses was than was considered normal Annie's choice (D) She won shooting competitions. {D) Annie did inot use her given name 6, According to the passage, what did Annie 3. ‘The passage indicates that Annie leamed to do one year prior to her marriage? tat (A). She defeated her future husband ina (A) for pleasure shooting match, (B)" in otder to survive (B)_ She leamed to shoot, (©) as part of a competition (©). She changed her name (D)_ because it was a normal activity for (D) She joined Butfalo Bill's Wild West someone her age touring show. Ea) PRACTICE TEST THREE34343434343A3A3 7. The pronoun “they” in line 8 refers to 10. Where in the passage does the author describe one of the tricks in Annie's act? “ (A) male competitors (B) Annie and Frank (A) Lines i-4 (C) shooting exhibition (B) Lines 4-5 (D) western shows (©) “Lines 9-10 (D) Lines 10-11 wt 8. The word “demonstrated’ in line 11 is { closest in meaning to 11, The information in the passage | (A) disproved (A) lists a cause followed by an effect - (B) “showed {B) moves from general to specific ideas } (C) tested (C). isin chronological order’ 4 () demanded (D) isin spatial order 9. The passage suggests that Annie took a : shot at Crown Prince Wilhelm because (A) Wilhelm wanted her to do it (B) Annie disliked him tremendously (©) Germany was at war with the U. S. (D) Annie disliked smoking | oe) PRACTICE TEST THREE 81, 3 AZ AZA3A43 434343 Questions 12-20 To understand the forces behind thunder and lightning, one must recall basic information about electricity, that things can become either positively or negatively charged with electricity and that two things with opposite charges will attract each other. As the opposite charges become stronger, the Line attraction becomes greater; eventually the attraction becomes strong enough to result in a discharge (5) that makes the two things electrically neutral again. Lightning results when one cloud full of moisture develops an opposite charge in relation to another cloud, The pressure continues to build until there is enough pressure to break down the air separating the two clouds. A discharge occurs to neutralize the opposite charges in the two clouds, and this discharge is what we see as lightning. As this discharge of lightning is occurring, the lightning (10) follows the “path of least resistance’; it therefore does not follow a straight line but zigzags in order to find the easiest route. ‘Thunder occurs during the discharge of electricity, As the discharge occurs, the air in the vic expands and contracts rapidly; the rushing air currents collide, causing the sound that we hear as thunder, Light travels much faster than sound (the'spéed of light is 186,284 miles per second, while the U5) speed of sound is 1,100 feet per second), so we see the light first and then hear the sound later. Of course, the farther away the thunder and lightning are, the greater the lapsed time between the two. In fact the amount of lapsed time between the two can be used to determine how far away the thunder and lightning are. 8 - ty 12, What does the passage mainly discuss? 15. ‘The passage states that lightning occurs + (A) Basic information about electricity when dpposite charges develop in wo (B) The causes of thunder and lightning (A). drops of moisture ” (C) How lightning occurs (B) air currents + (D) Why thunder and lightning do not (C) paths seem’to occur together : (D) clouds 13. Which of the following is NOT true about 16, The “path of least res ‘electric charges? what type of path? (A) Something can have either a positive (A) © The easiest charge or a negative charge. (B) The strongest (B) Ifone thing is positive and the other (C) The brightest is negative, they will attract each (D) The most electrically charged other. 7 (C)_ Iftwo things have strong negative 17. The word "Zigzags” in line 10 indicates that charges, they will attract each something other strongly. (A) curves (D) sft traction becween 4 things, (a) Snowe directly eas te eee (C) proceeds with sharp turns (D) shines 14. ee ‘moisture” in line 6 is closest in 18, The word “contracts” in line 13 is closest in ‘meaning to meaning to See (A) becomes larger (© gas (B) associates (D) esitive ch (©) speeds up ) positive charge toy caus i i “82 PRACTICE TEST THREE Es] =Passage? (A) The speed of sound is faster than the speed of light. (B) Ifyou see and hear something at the Same time, itis far away. (C) Humens ca travel faster than the speed of light. () Something that is very close will be seen and heard at roughly the same time, 20. 343A3A3A3A3A3A 19, Which of the following is implied in the ‘The paragraph following the passage mo probably discusses (A) (B) © (D) why lightning is not straight the speed of light versus the speed ¢ sound further characteristics of electricity figuring out how far away thunder and lightning are PRACTICE TEST THREE1 3A3A3A34 Questions 21-30 The cliff dwellings of the southwestern United 3A3A3A3 States provide another mystery to intrigue srcheologists. Located in the Four Comers area of the U.S., where Colorado, Utah, Arizona. and New Mexico meet, the cliff dwellings were constructed tine 1050 to 1300, The cliff dwellings are whole series 13) litle more than one meter high, together, The front rooms of the spparently the rooms where daily life took place some evidence, however, during the Great Pueblo period, from approximately of contiguous rooms built in layers into the sides of «lif, The sleeping rooms of the cliff dwellings were very tiny, often only one to two meters wide and and they were built in complexes of up to several hundred rooms complexes were considerably larger. These larger rooms were When the cliff dwellings were first found by explorers, they had been abandoned. Archeotogists ‘oday are uncertain as to when or why they were abandoned and where the inhabitants went that the inhabitants left the cliff dwellings near the end of the thirteenth here is century because of a serious drought that is known to have occurred in the area from 1276 to 1299 Archeologists believe that the inhabitants could have 1 ceibes of that area, ‘The paragraph preceding this passage most probably discussed (A) another puzzle for archeologists {B} the development of the Four Comers - (C)” the explorers who found the cliff dwellers oe (D) today’s descendants of the cliff a dwellers 25. 22 Which of the following best describes the topic of this passage? (A). The Great Pueblo period (B) A description of cliff dwellings (C)_ What is known and unknown about the cliff dwellings 26. {D) The Four Corners area of the United States 23 Why did the Four Corners area recsive its name? : (A) The area is a square with four . corners, 21. \B) The cliff dwellings in the area each have four corners. ©. The Great Pueblos are fourcornered. D) The corners of four states meet there, PRACTICE TEST THREE left che cliff dwellings to move southwest and southeast, Today the descendants of the cliff dwellers are probably members of the Native American 24, According to the passage, wheri were the cliff dwellings butt (A) During the Great Pueblo period (B) After the drought (C) Sometinie before 1050 (D) At thie same time that the explorers found them The word “tiny” in line 5 is closest ia ‘meaning to which of the following? (A). Wide (B) Small (C) High (D) . Large The word “abandoned” in line 9 is closest jin meaning to which of the following? (A) Thriving (B) Full of daily life (©) Empty (D)_ Ina state of drought A “drought” in line 12 is (A) alack of food (B) warfare with neighboring tribes (©) adesire to find a safer location (D) a shortage of water Es)La 7543755 28, According to the passage, which of the following are the authorities certain about? (A) Why the cliff dwellers abandoned their homes (B) That a drought occurred in the Four Corners area from 1276 to 1299 (©) Where the inhabitants of the cliff dwellings went (D) When the cliff dwellers abandoned. their homes 29. The word “descendants” in line 14 can best be replaced by (A) subordinates (B) offspring (C) “Tiferiors @) ancestors O25 4373 30. Which of the following is NOT discussed in the passage? (A) The life-style of the cliff dwellers (B)_ The size of the cliff dwellings (©) The mystery surrounding the - abandonment of the eliff dwellings (D) | The location of the cliff dwellings PRACTICE TEST THREE 853434343434343 43 Questions 31-40 Distillation, the process of separating the elements of a solution, is widely used in industry today. ‘The two most common methods of distillation are fractional distillation, used in the preparation of alcoholic beverages, and flash distillation, used for the conversion of ocean water to fresh water. Line In fractional distillation a mixture is separated into its various component parts by boiling. This (5) method makes use of the fact that different elements boil at varying temperatures. For example, alcohol has a considerably lower boiling temperature than water: the boiling temperature of water is 212 degrees Fahrenheit, and the boiling temperature of alcohol is 172 degrees Fahrenheit. Thus, when a mixture of alcohol and water is heated, the alcohol vaporizes more quickly than the water. The distillate is collected and the process is repeated until the desired purity has been achieved. (10) Flash distillation does not require high temperatires but instead is based on pressure. In this process, a liquid that is to be separated is forced from a compartment kept under high pressure into a compartment kept at a lower pressure. When a liquid moves into the low-pressure chamber, it suddenly vaporizes, and the vapor is then condensed into distillate. . 31, The word “fresh” in line 3 could most 35. The word “purity” in line 9 means easily be replaced by oo (A) original (B) cleanness ¢- (8) modern - €) righteousness (©) inexperienced (D) thoroughness (D)~ nonsaline PEE ee 36. According to the passage, in the flash 32. According to the passage, what makes distillation process, what cauises the liquid fractional distillation occur? vo vaporize? (A) Time (#5 "The pressure on the liquid is suddenly (B) Pressure changed. -(Cy" Heat s (B) The liquid changes compartments. (C) The addition of seawater to a solution (D) Water causes a chemical change to occur 33, ‘The word “Thus” in line 7 is closest in (D) There is a rapid increase in the meaning to which of the following? pressure on the liquid (A) However 37, Which of the following processes would B) Norere nee AD) Therefore (A). Adding a new substance to a mixture ; _ @)_ Dividing a pare element into smaller 34, According to the passage, what happens quantities when water and alcohol are heated (©) Mixing two elements together to form together? a new solution (ag nace ce ESS (©) Removing impurities from a solution evaporate at the same rate. (B) The alcohol cannot evaporate because of the water. (©) The alcohol evaporates at a temperature of 212 degrees Fahrenheit. {D)” The alcohol evaporates from the mixture first 86 — PRACTICE TEST THREE38. ‘The word “vaporizes” in line 13 could best be replaced by (A) becomes gaseous {B) disappears (©) becomes stressed (D) solidifies 39. The main purpose of this passage is to (4) explain how salt water can be tumed into fresh water (B) give an example of fractional distillation (C) deséribe a scientific process | (D) discuss the boiling temperatures of various liquids 40. This passage would most probably be assigned reading in which of the following courses? (A) Biology (B) Aquatics | (C) Physiology () Chemistry a) PRACTICE TEST THREE 87| 3434343434343 3 Questions 41-50 ‘A Birst glance it might seem that a true artist is a solitary toiler in possession of a unique talent {fat differentiates her or him from the rest of society. But after further reflection its quite apparent {hat the artis isa product of the society in which she or he toils rather thaa an entity removed froce Line’ society, The genius of an artist is really a measure of the artist's ability to work within the framework ~ (3) imposed by society, to make use of the resources provided by socioty, and, most important, lo mien @ Societys values. It is society that imposes a structure on the aftist, and the’ successful artist must work Within this framework. Societies heve found various methods to support and train thelr artists bet the Renaissance system of royal support ofthe sculptors and painters ofthe period or the Japanese ‘iadition of passing artistic knowledge from father to son, The artist is also greatly affected by the (70) physical resources of her or his society. The medium chosen by the artist isa reflection not only of the artist's perception of aesthetic beauty but of resources that society has to supply. Alter all, wooa 2 carvings come front societies with forests, bronze statues come from societies with available supplies of metal, and woven woolen rugs come from societies of shepherds. Finally, the artist must refleetene elves, both aesthetic and moral, ofthe society in which she or he toils, The idea of beauty changes ~ {151 from society to society, a8 seen in the oft cited example of Rubens’ routided women versus today’ gaminlike syiphs, and the artist must serve as a mirror of her or his society's measure of perfection, And society’ moral values must equally be reflected in ait if it is to be universally accepted. 41, What does the passage mainly discuss? 45. According to the passage, which of t following is NOT a way that society (A) The effect of the artist on society inoue ane {B) The role of the artist in improving society (A) Society has found ways to train and (C)" The relation between an artist and support its artists. society (B) Society provides physical resources. (D) The structure of society to an artist. . a (C) Social imposes its values on the 42. The word “solitary” in line 1 is closest in artist ‘meaning to. (D) Society allows the artist to use her or (A) sociable 7 Unique talent to lead a solitary life, ; (B) monogamous () eesiine 48. The word “medium™ in line 10 could best dae be replaced by 43, The author thinks that an artist is (A) social miliew (B) means of expression (A) separate from society {C) neutrality of position (8) apart of society (D) mediocrity of performance (C) “differentiated from society (D) medi 'y of performan (D) an entity removed from society 47. Which of the following physical resources Ul 44, The word “mirror” in line 5 is closest in. of art is NOT mentioned in the Passage? meaning to (A) Stone : (B) Wood (A) shine feliwent (B)_ return (D) Metal (C)' reflect (D) reject ; Ea) »88 PRACTICE TEST THREELai ac a: 48. Ta line with the author’ point about , 50- The eximple of Rubens’ women is used to fesourees, an area near an ocean might show that the artist Feanure what type of at? (A) has been supplied by society (A) Shell jewelry () makes use of societys physpal (B) Water color portraits . resources (©) Wood carvings of fish (0). efiets society's aesthetic values (DY Paintings of seascares : (D) reflects society's moral values 49. A *sylph’ in line 16 is probably someone who is (A) artistic (B) pretty. (C) curved (D) slim This is the end of Section 3, 200) CQ6 Hf you finish in less than 55 minutes, check your work on Section 3 only, Do NOT read or work on any other ‘Section of the test, En PRACTICE TEST THREE 9Line (5) (10) 104 ZAZ'AZ AZ AZ A3A3A3 Questions 1-10 : In west-central New York State there is a group of eleven long, narrow, glacial lakes known as the Finger Lakes, From east to west these lakes are Otisco, Skaneateles, Owasco, Cayuga, Seneca, Keuka, Canandaigua, Honeoye, Canadice, Hemlock, and Conesus. “These lakes have been aptly named because of their resemblance to the fingers of a hand. Two of the largest of the Finger Lakes, Seneca and Cayuga, exemplify the selection of the name: Seneca is thirty-seven miles long and four miles across at its widest point, and Cayuga is forty miles long and two miles across, \ : ‘Although scientists are not completely certain as to how these‘lakes were formed, most believe that successive sheets of glacial ice carved out the long, narrow valleys. The glaciers most probably moved along the paths of preexisting stream valleys and further deepened these valleys to depths well below sea level. With the melting of the glaciers at the end of the Ice Age, the lakes were filed, 1, The topic of this passage is 4, Why does the author mention Seneca and (A) west-central New York State Cayuga in the second paragraph? (B) Seneca and Cayuga (A) They are the only two Finger Lakes. (C)_ the description and origin of the (B) They are the two largest lakes in the Finger Lakes United States. (D) the scientific findings about the (©) They are good examples of long and * "Finger Lakes narrow lakes. (D) They are long and wide 2. The word “glacial” in line | is closest in ‘meaning to which of the following? 5, The word “selection” in line 5 is closest in (a) key meaning to {B) Thin (A) sound (©) Shallow : (B) choice. (D) Wide (C) feeling (D) presentation 3. According to the passage, why are these lakes known as the Finger Lakes? 6, The passage implies that Seneca Lake is (A). They are the same size as fingers. (A) a constant four miles wide (B) Their shape is similar to a finger’s (B) atleast four miles wide at each point (C) Their composition is the same as a (C)_ wider than it is long fingers : (D) narrower than four miles at certain {D) There are as many lakés as there are points fingers. PRACTICE TEST FOURSA) 7. What do most scientists believe caused the formation of the Finger Lakes? (A). ‘The sea level decreased. (B) Heavy rainfalls flooded the area. (C) Melted glaciers carved out the valleys. (D) Glaciers cut into the land and then melted to ill the valleys. 10, 8, ‘The word “successive” in line 9 could best be replaced by (A) timely 7 (B) duplicate (©) sequential (D) simultaneous Oo) Be eis 6) 6) ‘The word “paths” in line 10 is closest in meaning to which of the following? (A) Waves (B) Routes (©) , Sands (D) | Highways What is the tone of this passage? (A) Informative (B) Accusatory (C) Humorous Calculating, Ei PRACTICE TEST FOUR — 105Line (5) (0) 106 ZBA3AZA3ZA3ZA3A343 Questions 11-20 Popular architecture in the United States in the beginning of the twentieth had at the end of the nineteenth century, with elaborately ornate historical motifs, ‘sprouting up at the time were offen ornately finishes Daring this period of emphasis on century continued as it The new skyscrapers -d with elements of Gothic or Roman detailing. tricate ornamentation, certain architects began moving in a ifferent direction, from the historic attention to ornate detailing toward more modern design typified by simplified flowing lines. Frank Lloyd Wright, the best known of these early modern architects, developed a style that he termed organic architecture, a building st Je based on natural forms rather than on the intricately Uetiled ctyles that had been popular. Wfight started work in Chicago designing “prairie houses,” long feos buildings featuring flowing horizontal lines and simplistic unity of design. These billdings often centered around massive stone fireplaces with ro« room to the next; they were interided a setting for Chicago. These “prairie yoms open to each other and space flowing from one to it the wide open expanses of the Midwest Plains that served as houses,” found in Chicago’ suburban areas, served to te the rapidly developing neighborhoods of Chicago with its Plains heritage, 11, The paragraph preceding this passage most probably discussed (A) popular music (B) simpler forms of architecture (C) the development of Chicago (D) architecture in the nineteenth century 12, What is the main idea of this passage? (A) The architectural style of Frank Lloyd Wright represented a change from carlier styles. (B) Architecture in the twentieth century ‘was very ornate. (©) Frank Lloyd Wright's architecture, ‘was more elaborate than previous styles, (D) Frank Lloyd Wright's "prairie houses" ‘were well known in Chicago. 13. According to the passage, the new skyscrapers built atthe beginning of the twentieth century were (A) elementary (B)_ elaborately ornamented (C) ina very modern style (D) completely Gothic PRACTICE TEST FOUR 14, The expression “sprouting up" in line 3 could best be replaced by (A) being grown, (8) dominating (C)_ popularized (D) being buitt 15. The word “simplified” in line 6 is closest in meaning to (A) basic (B) not difficule (©). straight (D) recent 16. Which of the following statements about Frank Lloyd Wright is supported in the passage? (A) He was extremely popular prior to the twentieth century. (B) He used elements of Gothic and ‘Roman detailing in his work (C) His architectural style can be seen in Chicago's skyscrapers. (D) His “prairie houses" were very different from the elaborately ornamented skyscrapers: Fsoronctr3 AZ 434343434343 17, The “prairie houses” built by Frank Lloyd Wright were f (A) ornately detailed (B) built in the Roman style {C) skyscrapers (D) flowing and simple ‘The word "fit" in line 12 could best-be replaced by (A) match (B)_ wear (C) try ) fil 19, 20. It is implied that Fiank Lloyd Wright's “prairie houses” resembled the prairies around Chicago in that (A) they were covered with grass (B) _ they were rapidly developing (C) they were long and low (D)_ they were in Chicago ‘The word “heritage” in ine 14 is closest in ‘meaning to which of the following? (A) Ambiance (B) Tradition (C) Appearance {D) Surroundings fesaronesernce } PRACTICE TEST FOUR — 1076437534333 Questions 21-30 Louisa May Alcott, an Ameri Men, and Jo's Boys, was profoundly influenced by.her farnily, daughter of Bronson Alcott, a well-known teacher, intellectual, long before they were popular. He was called a man of ‘Emerson. Bronson Alcott instilled in his daughter his Line abolitionisra, women's rights, and vegetarianism (5) unparalleled intellect by his friend Ralph Waldo ican author best known for her children’s books Little Women, Little particularly her father. She was the and free thinker who advocated lofty and spiritual values and in retiira was idolized by his daughter. * ‘The financial situation of the Alcott family during L the fact that her father made unsound investments in projects world, As a result, Louisa had o begin helping to support her fat (10) of low-paying jobs as a seamstress, a maid, and a tutor. Her novel Little Women was patterned after her own for the impractical yet serenely wise and adored father in she was able to provide for her family, never experienced. 21. The passage mainly discusses 24, (A) Louisa May Alcott’s famous books (8) how Bronson Alcott implemented his ‘educational philosophies (©) the success of Litile Women (D) Bronson Alcott’ influence on his daughter 25. 22. The word “particularly" in line 2 is closest in meaning to - (A). inpart by if (B) strangely (C) except for 7 (D) especially %. 23, The passage implies that vegetarianism psn (A) was more popular than abolitionism (B) was the reason for Louisa’s adoration Ei . for her father (C)_ became popular in a later period (D) was one of the reasons for Bronson “Alcott’s unparalleled intellect ™ 108: PRACTICE TEST FOUR s 6) Louisa’s childhood was not good, mainly due to that reflected his idealistic view of the smily at a young age, by taking a variety family, and Louisa used her father as a model Little Women. With the success of this novel Jving her father the financial security that until then he had In line 6, the word “lofty” is closest in meaning to (A) commonplace high-minded (0) self-serving {D) sympathetic ‘The word “unsound” in line 8 is closest in meaning to which of the following? (A) Noiseless (B) Unprepared (©) Unsafe (PD) Unheard Which of the following is NOT implied es something that Louisa did to earn money asa youth? (A). She did some sewing. (B) She cleaned houses : (©). She taught. 49) She worked in astore, 7 Em)3A3434343A3A343 27. 28, The expression “provide for” in line 13, 29. could best be replaced by (a) (B) © ©) support identify with buy preserits for manage It can be inferred from the passage that Louisa May Alcott used the success of Little Women to (A) buy herself anything she had ever wanted (B) achieve personal financial success 30. _[OLsive her father tangible proof of her love . (D) detach herself from her family ‘The author’ purpose in the passage is to (A) explain how an author becomes famous (8) describe the influence of family on a writer {C)_ support Bronson Aleott's educational theories (D) show the success that can be : achieved by an author ‘Where in the passage does the author mention examples of the beliefs of Louisa’s father? (A) Lines 1-2 {B)_ Lines 2-4 (C) Lines 7-9 (D) Line 11-12 ca PRACTICE TESTFOUR — 1093) 10) 15} 20} 10 3434343434343 43 Questions 31-41 In the American colonies there was little money. England did not supply the colonies with coins and it did not allow the colonies to make their own coins, except for the Massachusetts Bay Colony, which received permission for a short period in.1652 to make several kinds of silver coins, England wanted to keep money out of America’as a meals Uf Controlling trade’ Ametica was forced to trade only with England if it did not have.the money to buy products from other countries. The result during this prerevolutionary period was that the colonists used various goods in place of money: beaver pelts, Indian wampum, and tobacco leaves were all commonly used substitutes for money. The colonists also race use of any foreign coins they could obtain. Dutch, Spanish, French, and English coins were all in use in the American colonies. During the Revolutionary War, funds were needed to finance the war, so each of the individual states and thel Continental Congress\issued paper money, So much of this paper money was printed that by the end of the war, almost no one would accept‘. As a result, trade in goods and the use of foreign coins still flourished during this petiod. By the time the Revolutionary Wer had been won by the Arnerican colonists, the monetary systern was inva siate of total disarray. To remedy this situation, the new Constitution of the United States, approved in 1789, allowed Congress (o issue money. The individual states could no longer have their ‘Gun money supply. A Few years later, the Coinage Act of 1792 made the dollar the olficial currency of the United States and put the country on a bimetallic standard. In this bimetallic system, both gold and silver were legal money, and the rate of exchiinge of silver to gold was fixed by the government at sixteen t0 one. e 31. The passage mainly discusses 34, The expression “a means of” inline 4 could (4) American money from past to present best be replaced by (B) the English monetary policies in (4)" an example of colonial America (B) a method for (©) the effect of the Revolution on (©) aresult of ‘American money (D) apunishment for (D) the American monetary system of the Seventeenth and eighteenth 435. Which of the following is NOT mentioned centuries : in the passage as a substitute for money daring the colonial period? 32, The passage indicates that during the « Pree colonia! period, money was ican (a) supplied by Englené {c) Tobacco (B) coined by the colonists (D) Beaver furs (©) searce ; (D) used extensively for trade 36. The pronoun “it in line 12 refers to which he following? 33. The Massachusetts Bay Colony was Frit ene allowed to make coins a ake (A) continuously from the inception of (©) The war the colony {D) Trade in goods (B) throughout the seventeenth century {C) from 1652 until the Revolutionary War (D) fora short time during one year Colonna Anas PRACTICE TEST FOURO38 oe 37 38 39. It is implied in the passage that at the end of the Revolutionary War, a paper dollar was worth (A) exactly one dollar (B) just under one dollar (C)_ just over one dollar (D) almost nothing ‘The word “remedy” in line 15 is closest in meaning to (A) | resolve (B)* understand (C) renew (D) medicate How was the monetary system arranged in the Constitution? (A) Only the U.S. Congress could issue money. (B)_ The US. officially went on a bimetallic monetary system. (©) Various state governments, including Massachusetts, could issue money. {D) The dollar was made the official currency of the US. 40. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true about the bimetallic monetary system? (A). Either gold or silver could be used as 1 official money. (B) Gold could be exchanged for silver at a rate of sixteen to one. (©), The monetary system was based on ‘two metals. (D) twas established in 1792. ‘The word “fixed” in line 19 is closest in meaning to (A) discovered (B), repaired (©) valued (©) 1928 () 1931 9, It can be inferred from the passage that the title of Parker’s volume of book reviews came from (A) some earlier work she had done (B) a favorite expression of hers MG) _atitle of one of her poems (D)_ her biting sense of humor : PRACTICE TEST FIVE — 129OA Questions 10-29 Fog occurs when moisture from the surface of the Earth evaporates; as this evaporated moisture mores upward, it cools and condenses into the familiar phenomenon of fog, Fog differs from clouds in that fog touches the surface of the Earth, while clouds do not, . Line OF the wo types of fog, advection fog occurs along the ocean coast or near rivers and lakes. This (5) espe of fast-moving fog, which may cover vast areas, occurs when the temperature of the wind blowing over body of water differs from the temperature of the body of water itself, This kind of fog can occur When warm air moves over a cold surface of water; this commonly occurs along the ocean coastline ot along the shores of large lakes. Advection fog can also o¢cur when cooler air moves over the surface of warmer water; this is very common in the winter in an area such as Florida, where the temperature of (40) the lakes is quite warm in relation to the temperature of the air. Radiation fog, quite different from advection for, is inimobile, cloudlike moisture generally found 7 hovering over wintertime velleys. ft occurs on clear nights whien the Earth's warmth escapes into the upper atmosphere; the ground gives off heat through radiation, As the land becomes cooler, the ait above it also becomes cooler: This cooler air is unable 10 hold as much water vapor as it had when it (15) was warmer; in this manner fog is created. 10. According to the passage, fogis formed > 3, The word “vast” in line $ is closest in when wetness in the airs meaning to (A) vaporized (A) immense (B) cooled * CB) flat (©) dampened (©) humid (D) heated (b) windy ‘ 11. The word “familiat” in tine 2 could best be” 14, Tn the passage, radiation fog is said to be replaced by (A) similar to advection fog (A) friendly (8) found in coastal areas (B) confidential : (©) fast-moving (C) common (D) trapped moisture hanging over (D) parental 12.“ According to the passage, advection fog is found * (A) invalleys - (B) inthe ocean (C) near bodies of water (D) only in small, enclosed areas PRACTICE TEST FIVE inland valleys ‘The word “immobile” in Jine 11 is closest in meaning to (A) unmotivated (B) unsteady (C) variable (D)unmoving/ 3434343 16. The pronoun “It” in jine 12 refers to which 18, i of the following? (A). Radiation fog (8) Advection fog (©) Cloudlike moisture . {D) Thearth’s warmth ‘The word “manner” in line 15 could best be replaced by (A) politeness 7 (B) way (©) period of time (D) example 3434343 According to the passage, which of the following statements about fog is NOT true? {4) , Advection fog occurs when the cooled atmosphere meets with heat from «the Barth (B) « Advection fog generally moves quickly across vast areas of land, (©) Radiation fog often starts on clear nights, (D) Radiation fog is the type of fog that occurs in small valleys on clear nights ‘The author's purpose in this passage is to (A) explain the different types of fog (B) describe where different types of fog are found (©) discuss advection fog (D) give a scientific description of various types of precipitation Psvoro rex 9 ‘PRACTICE TEST FIVE 131ee Questions 20-30 Haivard University, today recognized as part of the top echelon of the worlds universities, came from very inauspicious and humble beginnings. cena is laest of American universities was founded In 1636, just sixteen years after the Pilgrims rie landed at Plymouth. Included in the Puritan emigrants to the Massachusetis colony during this period (5) were more than 100 graduates of England's prestigious Oxford and Cambridge Universities, and these university graduates in the New World were determined that their sons would have the same educational opportunities that they themselves had had. Because of this support in the colony for an institution of higher learning, the General Court of Massachusetts appropriated 400 pounds for a college in October of 1636 and early the following year dedicied on a parcel of tand for the school; this 10) land was in an area called Newetowne, which was later renamed Cambridge after its English cousin and is the site of the presertt-day university. When a young minister named John Harvard, who came from the neighboring town of Charlestowne, died from tuberculosis in 1638, he willed half of his estate of 1,700 pounds to the fledgling college. In spite of the fact that Oily half of the bequest was actually paid, the General Court 5) famed the college after the minister in appreciation for what he had done, The amount of the bequest may not have been large, particularly by today’s standards, but it was more than the General Couiri had found it necessary to appropriate in order to open the college, Henry Dunster wes appointed the first president of Harvard in 1640, and it should be noted that in addition to serving as president, he was also the entire faculty, with an entering freshman class of four 20) students. Although the staff did expand somewhat, for the first century of its existence the entire teaching staff consisted of the president-and three or four tutors ‘i 2). The main idea of this passage is that 22. Itcan be inferred from the passage that the (A) Harvard is one of the world’s most eae who traveled to the Massachusetts prestigious universities eae (B) , what is today a great university (A) rather well educated started out small (B) rather rich (©) John Harvard was key'to'the (CG) rather supportive of the English development of a great university government (D) Harvard University developed under (D) rather undemocratic the auspices of the General Court of Massachusetts 23, The pronoun “they” in line 7 refers to. 21, The pasage indicates that Harvard is foun a tee (AY one of the oldest universities in the (C) sons world (D) educational opportunities (B) the oldest university in the world (C) one of the oldest universities in 24, A “pound” in line 8 is probably America <., (D) the oldest university in America Qe ee (C)_atype of money (D) a type of college Ohaus 2 PRACTICE TEST FIVE3434343434343 43 25: The “English cousin” in line 10 refers toa (A) city (B) relative J J J om J J 26. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about John Harvard? (A) What he died of (B) Where he came from (C)_ Where he was.buried (P) "How much he bequeathed td Harvard | 22. The word “fledgling” in line 14 could best be replaced by which of the following? (@) Newborn j (B) Flying (©) Winged (D) Established 28. The passage implies that (A) Henry Dunster was an ineffective Pi resident (B) someone else really served as resident of Harvard before Henry Dunster P) (© Hen: ti . Hi: (DY the position of president of Harvard was not merely an administrative ry Dunster spent much of his ime as president managing the larvard faculty Position in the early years 29. The word be replace (A) back ®) toan “somewhat” in line 20 could best sd by and forth id fro (C) side by side () moreor less 30. Where in t much mon he passage does it indicate how ey Minister Harvard was really ‘responsible for giving to the university? (A) Lines (B) Lines (C). Lines (D) Lines 37 wu ins PRACTICE TEST FIVE 1331 343434343434343 Questions 31-40 j A binary star is actually a pair of stars-that are held together by the force of gravity, Although occasionally the Individual stars that compose,a binary star can be distinguished, they generally appear as one star. The gravitational pull between the individual stars of a binary star causes one to orbit ‘ine around the other, From the orbital pattern of a binaty, the mass of its stars can be determined: the ] (5) gravitational pill ofa star is in direct proportion to its mass, and the strength of the gravitational force of one star on another determines the orbital pattern of the binary. Scientists have discovered stars that scem to orbit around an empty space. It has been suggested ] that such a star and the empty space really composed a binary star The erhpty space is known as a “black hole,” a star with such strong gravitational forde that no light is able to get through. Although 10} the existence of black holes has not been proven, the theory af their existence has been around for about two centuries, since the Freitch niathemiatician Pierre Simon de Laplace first proposed the d concept at the end of the eighteenth century. Scientific interest in this theory has been intense in the last few decades. However, currently the theory is unproven. Black holes can only be potentially + .,,, identified based on the interactions of objects around them, as happens when a potential black hole is _] 15) part of a binary star; they of course cannot be seen because of the inability of any light to escape the star's powerful gravity, ] 31, Abinary star could best be described as 35. According to the passage, what is a “black (A) stars that have been forced apart ae 7 (B) a star with a strong gravitational (A) An empty space aroiind which 4 force nothing orbits (C) two stars pulled together by gravity (B) A star with close to zero gravity ] (D) lange number of attached stars (C)_Astar whose gravitational force blocks the passage of light 32. The word “distinguished!” in line 2is {D) Ait empty space so far away thet no j closest in meaning to light can reach it Menuet : 36. Which of the following statements about He oe eae black holes is NOT supported by the ] (D) differentiated | eer (A) Ablack hole can have a star 33. According-to the passage, what happens as orbiting around it ] a result of the gravitational force between (8) A binary star can be composed of a the stars? black hole and a visible star 7 tay Cone eet rete (©) Allempty space consis black B) The f the binary star increases. pees ] eae prermntdbheiietals (D) The gravitational pull ofa black (D) The gravitational force decreases, pele erate 7 37, get” aera ie ae 7, The word “get” in line 9 could best be 134 The word "proportion" in line 5 is closest replaced by in meaning to which of the following? 7 (A) Contrast (8) pass 4 (B) Ratio ®) - C) Inversioi Se jum sadsiaety (D) see (0) Force J [34 Practice Test Five34343434343A343 38. Which of the following is implied in the passage about the theory of black holes? (A) No reputable scientists believe it (B)- Ithas only recéntly been hypothesized, (C) At least some scientists find it credible, @) Sei hole in order to prove the theory, 39. The word “intense” in line 12 is closest in meaning to (A) brilliant (B) intermittent (©) bright (D) strong tists are hoping to'see a black 40, This passage would probably be assigned reading in a course on (A) botany (B) astrophysics (C) geology ©) astrology PRACTICE TEST FIVE ‘ 135Questions 41-50 the U.S. through its system of twelve r J ] ull ; 343434343434343 {cis the role of the Federal Reserve, known simply as the Fed, to control the supply of money in ‘onal Federal Reserve Banks, each with its own Federal Reserve District Bank. Many commercial banks belong to the Federal Reserve System and as members ing_must follow the Fed's reserve requirements, a ruling by the Fed on the percentage of deposits that a (5) member bank must Keep either in its own vaults or on deposit atthe Fed. Ifthe Fed ivants to change the money supply, it can change reserve requirements to member banks; for example, an increase ty the percentage of deposits required to be kept on hand would reduce the available money supply, ‘Member baigks can also borrow money from the Fed, and an additional way that the Fed car control the money supply is to raise or lower the discount rate, 10) borrow from the Fed. An increase in the discount rate \ | banks and thus shrink the money supply. In addition to the interest rate at which commercial banks would reduce the funds available to commercial using reserve requirements and the discount rate to control the money supply, the Fed has another powerful tool: open-market operations 1 i 41, This passage is mainly about 7 (A) the functions of the Federal Reserve d (B) the organization of the Federal Reserve (C)_ reserve requirements (D) the effect vf lowering the discount rate 42. According to the passage, the main Purpose of the Federal Reserve System is on ee to (A) increase reserve requirements ] "(B) increase or decrease the amount of money aVailable } +.) increase the number of Federal | Reserve Banks < : (D). increase the money kept on deBosit by member banks 443, “The word “regional"in line 2 is closest in meaning to T (A) dozen He i @) simiiar (C) separate ] @) area i i 6 PRACTICE TEST FIVE 44 45. 46. When the Fed controls the percentage of deposits kept on hand by member banks, it controls (A) district banks (B) the discount rate (C) the reserve requirement (D) borrowing. by commercial benks “Vaults” in line 5 are (A) accounts (B) cash drawers (C) compartments for safekeeping (D) personal safety deposit boxes ‘The expression “on hand” in line 7 is closest in meaning to (A) tightly held (B) in current supplies (C) under contol (D) locked upBy -ty wy ea 343434345 243,3 ‘7. The word “shrink” inline 11 could best be 49, . Where in the passage does the author : replaced by discuss the organization of the Fed? (A) reduce (A) Lines 1-3 () inflate (8) Lines 5- (© support (©) Lines 8-10 (0) increase ; /(D) Lines 11-12 48. The pessage implies that a lowering of the 50, The paragraph following the passage most discount rate would lead to likely discusses * (A) an increase in the money supply (A) the need for controlling the money (B) a decrease in borrowing from the Fed supply by commercial banks (BY the structure of the Federal Reserve (C) decrease in the money available System (D) an increase in the reserve (©) recent changes in reserve requirement , requirements 7 (@) open-marker'purchases and sales This is the end of Section 3. OOO*OCQO JF you finish in fess than 55 minutes, ia check your work on Section 3 only. Do NOT read or work on any other section of the test. PRACTICE Test FIVE 137Line 6) (19) ts} 50973 488 Questions 1-9 John James Audubon, nineteenth-century artist and naturalist, is known as one of the foremo authorities on North American birds. Born in Les Cayes, Haiti, in 1785, Audubon was raised in France and studied art under French artist Jacques-Louis David. After settling on his father’s Pennsylvania estate at the age of eighteen, he first began to study and paint birds, Inhis young adulthood, Audubon undertook numerous enterprises, generally without a tremendous amounit of success; at various times during his life he was involved in a mercantile business, a lumber and grist mil, a taxidermy business, and a school, His general mode of operatin business was to leave it either unattended or in the hands of a partner and take off on excursions through the wilds to paint the natural life that he sav His business career came to an end in 1819 when he was jailed for debt and forced to file for bankruptcy. It was at that time that Audubon began to seriously pursue the dream of publishing a collectio of bis paintings of birds, For the next six years he painted birds in their natural habitats while his w worked as a teacher to support the family, His Birds of America, which included engravings of 435 0: his colorful and lifelike watercolors, was published in parts during the period from 1826 to 1838 in England. After the suecess of the English editions, American editions of his work were published in 1839, and his fame and fortune were ensured. 1. This passage is mainly about (A) North American birds (B) Audubon's route to success as 2 painter of birds (©) the works that Audubon published (D) Audubon’s preference for travel in natural habitats 2. The word “foremost” in line 1 is closest in meaning to : (a). prior (B) leading (C) first (D) largest 3. Inthe second paragraph, the author mainly discusses (A) how Audubon developed his painting siyle (B) Andubor’s involvement in a mercantile business (C)_ where Audubon went on his (D) Audubon’s unsuccessful business practices ‘The word “mode” in line 7 could best be replaced by (a) method (B) vogue (C) average (D) trend Audubon decided not te continue to pursue business when (A) he was injured in an accident at a grist mill (B) he decided to study art in France (©) he was put in prison because he owe money (D) he made enough money from his paintings ‘The word “pursue” in line 11 is closest in meaning to (A) immagine (B) share (©) follow (D) deny Feurorenor ie ‘COMPLETE TEST ONE