AP Stats Homework 20

Symbol bank: μ, x̅ , σ, s, p, p̂ , H0, HA, α, ≠, ±

Tuesday 2/27
The National Institute of Standards and Technology provides exact data on conductivity
properties of materials. Following are conductivity measurements for 11 randomly
selected pieces of a particular type of glass.

1.11, 1.07, 1.11, 1.07, 1.12, 1.08, 0.98, 0.98, 1.02, 0.95, 0.95
Average: 1.04
N:11

How to find One-Sample Statistics on TI-84  Practice this if taking AP Exam. If not,
you can use Stapplet.

Is there convincing evidence that the average conductivity of this type of glass is greater
than 1.00? Use a significance level of 0.05. Assume the population is normally
distributed.

State:
Parameter: u = mean number of the conductivity of the type of glass.
Hypotheses: H0 u=1
HA u>1

Plan
Procedure: Onesample t-test for u
Yes- Randomly selected
Yes-11 is less than 10% of all glass of that type
Assumed to be randomly distributed

Do:
T=( x̅ -u)/(Sx) √ N

Average: 1.04
SD (1-var stats): .0659

T=( 1.04-1)/( .0659 ) √ 11

Stat, test, 2:T-test

=
T: 2.0131
P: 0.0359
Conclude:

Interpret P: Assuming the null hypothesis is true, there is a .036 probability of

getting a sample statistic of 1.04 or greater by chance

Because the p-value of .036 is less than .05 we reject the null hypothesis and
accept the alternative hypothesis that the glass averages a conductivity higher
than 1.00.

Wednesday 2/28

A researcher wanted to see whether there is a significant difference in the resting pulse
rates of men and women. The results of random samples of adult men and women are
summarized below.

Male Female
Count 36 32
Mean 72.75 72.625
Median 73 73
StdDev 5.372 7.700
Range 20 29
IQR 9 12.5

At α = 0.05, do we have evidence that there is a difference in the resting pulse rates of
men and women?

True difference in means

State:
Parameter: u1-u2, true difference in resting pulse rates of men and women.
Hypotheses: H0, u1-u2 = 0
HA, u1-u2 = anything other than 0
Significance level: 0.05
Plan:
Procedure: Two-sample T-Test for u1-u2
Conditions: Yes – randomly selected.
Yes – 36 males and 32 females is less than 10% OF ALL of them.
Yes – sample sizes are more than 30, so central limit theorem means
it is normally distributed
Do:
( x 1−x 2 )−( u 1−u 2 )
t=
√(s 12¿ ¿ n1)+(s 22 /n 2)=¿ ¿
(72.75−72.625 )−0
Plug in t=
√(5.3722 ¿ ¿ 36)+(7.7 /32)=¿ ¿
Calc: (2samp t-test) , T= 0.0767, P=0.9391

Interpret:
P-Value: Assuming the null hypothesis is true, there is a 0.9391 probability of
getting a sample difference of means of 0.125 or greater purely by chance.

Conclusions: Because the P-Value of 0.9391 is greater than the significance level
of 0.05, we have convincing evidence to accept the null hypothesis that there is
no difference between genders.

Thursday 2/29

An athletic shoe company is testing a new shoe that it believes will make runners race
faster. They recruit 63 experienced runners for a study and have each run two 5-
kilometer races two weeks apart. For the first race, each volunteer is randomly assigned
to wear either the new shoes or a traditional running shoe. For the second race, they
wear the shoe they didn’t use in the first race. The company analyzes the difference in
each runner’s time with the new and traditional shoes.
1. What type of experimental design is used?
Matched-Pairs / Mean difference

2. The company found an average improvement of 0.33 minutes when runners

raced with the new shoes. This improvement had a standard deviation of 0.9
minutes. With α = 0.10, perform a significance test to determine if the company
has convincing evidence that the new shoes improve race times.

Stat, tests, z t-test

Input: stats
U0=0, x=0.33, N=63, sx=0.9, a=0.10, u>u0

T=2.9
P=0.002

Less than 0.10 so we reject the null hypothesis and have convincing
evidence the shoes did increase time.