SOLAR ENERGY STORAGE AND APPLICATION

SYLLABUS
 DIFFERENT METHODS OF SOLAR ENERGY
STORAGE
 SENSIBLE,LATENT HEAT AND STRATIFIED
STORAGE
 SOLAR PONDS
 SOLAR APPLICATIONS
1.Solar heating/cooling technique
2.Solar distillation and drying
3.Photo voltaic energy conversion
Solar energy storage
 Solar energy is a time dependent and intermittent
energy resource
 In general energy needs or demands for a very
wide variety of applications are also time
dependent
 The need for energy storage of some kind is
almost immediate evident for solar electric
system
Storage of solar energy in solar system may
 Permit solar energy to be captured when
insolation is highest and then later used when the
need is greatest
 It can thus transform a diurnal solar energy input
into a more uniform desired electrical or thermal
output
 Make it possible to deliver electrical load power
demand during times insolation is below, normal
or non existent.
 Deliver short peaks of power
 Reduce the cost of transmission and distribution
of power
 Improves the reliability of power
Energy storage system depends the following factors
 Time dependence of solar radiation availability
 Nature of load
 Reliability depends on the process
 Manner in which auxiliary energy is supplied
 Size of solar thermal power system or solar electric
generator
 The cost per KWH of the stored energy
 Permissible capital cost
 Environmental and safety considerations
Thermal energy storage
 Energy can be stored by heating,melting or
vaporization of material,
 Energy becomes as heat,when the process is reversed
Sensible heat storage
Materials used in this storage
 Water
 Rock, gravel or crushed stone
 Iron shot
 Iron, red iron oxide or iron ore (magnetic)
 Concrete
 Refractory material like magnesium
oxide,aluminium oxide(alumina),silicon oxide.
Water storage
 Most common heat transfer fluid for a solar
system is water
 Easiest way to store thermal energy
Water has the following advantages
1.Inexpensive
2.Readily available
3.Useful material to store sensible heat
4.High thermal storage capacity
5.Lower cost
Packed bed exchange storage
 Which uses the heat capacity of a bed of loosely
packed particles ,through which a fluid ,usually
air is circulated to add or remove heat from the
bed
Latent heat storage(phase change energy
storage)
Solar ponds
Application of solar energy
1.Solar heating/cooling technique
2.Solar distillation and drying
3.Photo voltaic energy conversion
Solar water heating or Hot water
supply system
Basic elements
1.Flat plate collector
2.Storage tank
3.Circulation system and auxiliary heating system
4.Control of the system
Solar water heater types
1.Natural circulation solar water
heater(pressurized)
2.Natural circulation solar water heater(non
pressurized)
3.Forced circulation solar water heater
Natural circulation solar water
heater(pressurized)
Natural circulation solar water
heater(non pressurized)